Claims
- 1. A hybrid silane composition comprising a mixture of compounds corresponding to the general formula:
- 2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the mixture of compounds comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of a sulfur silane, a sulfur silane condensate, an alkylalkoxysilane and an alkylalkoxysilane condensate.
- 3. The composition of claim 2 wherein the sulfur silane is selected from the group consisting of bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)thioether, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)disulfide, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)trisulfide, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)tetrasulfide (TESPT), bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)pentasulfide, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)hexasulfide, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)heptasulfide, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)octasulfide, or any mixtures thereof; bis-(triethoxysilylmethyl)disulfide, bis-(triethoxysilylmethyl)tetrasulfide; bis-(2-triethoxysilyl-1-ethyl)disulfide, bis-(2-triethoxysilyl-1-ethyl)tetrasulfide, bis-(1-triethoxysilyl-1-ethyl)disulfide, bis-(1-triethoxysilyl-1-ethyl)tetrasulfide, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)dithiocarbonate, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)trithiocarbonate, bis-(3-trimethoxysilyl-1-propyl)tetrasulfide, and bis-(3-triisopropoxysilyl-1-propyl)disulfide.
- 4. The composition of claim 2 wherein the alkylalkoxysilane is selected from the group consisting of tetraethoxysilane, tetramethoxysilane, triethoxysilane, tetraisopropoxysilane, tetrapropoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, propyltriethoxysilane, propyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, octyltriethoxysilane, octyltrimethoxysilane, octadecyltriethoxysilane, and octadecyltrimethoxysilane.
- 5. The composition of claim 1 wherein x of Formulas (II) and (III) is 1 to 8.
- 6. A process of making a hybrid silane composition comprising the steps of hydrolyzing a sulfur silane and an alkylalkoxysilane in the presence of water to effect partial hydrolysis of silane alkoxy groups on each of the sulfur silane and alkylalkoxysilane, and bonding the partially hydrolyzed sulfur silane and alkylalkoxysilane to each other via Si—O—Si linkages, said hybrid silane composition comprising a mixture of compounds corresponding to the general formula:
- 7. The process of claim 6 wherein the source of water is selected from the group consisting of water and a hydrated chemical species.
- 8. The process of claim 7 wherein the hydrated chemical species is an alkali metal salt.
- 9. The process of claim 8 wherein the alkali metal salt is selected from the group consisting of hydrated alkali metal sulfide, polysulfide, hydrosulfide salt and mixtures thereof.
- 10. The process of claim 6 wherein the mixture of compounds comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of a sulfur silane, a sulfur silane condensate, an alkylalkoxysilane and an alkylalkoxysilane condensate.
- 11. The process of claim 10 wherein the sulfur silane is selected from the group consisting of bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)thioether, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)disulfide, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)trisulfide, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)tetrasulfide (TESPT), bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)pentasulfide, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)hexasulfide, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)heptasulfide, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)octasulfide, or any mixtures thereof; bis-(triethoxysilylmethyl)disulfide, bis-(triethoxysilylmethyl)tetrasulfide; bis-(2-triethoxysilyl-1-ethyl)disulfide, bis-(2-triethoxysilyl-1-ethyl)tetrasulfide, bis-(1-triethoxysilyl-1-ethyl)disulfide, bis-(1-triethoxysilyl-1-ethyl)tetrasulfide, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)dithiocarbonate, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)trithiocarbonate, bis-(3-trimethoxysilyl-1-propyl)tetrasulfide, and bis-(3-triisopropoxysilyl-1-propyl)disulfide.
- 12. The process of claim 10 wherein the alkylalkoxysilane is selected from the group consisting of tetraethoxysilane, tetramethoxysilane, triethoxysilane, tetraisopropoxysilane, tetrapropoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, propyltriethoxysilane, propyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, octyltriethoxysilane, octyltrimethoxysilane, octadecyltriethoxysilane, and octadecyltrimethoxysilane.
- 13. A composition comprising:
polymer; filler; and a hybrid silane composition which comprises a mixture of compounds corresponding to the general formula: F1rF2s Formula (I) wherein r is 0 to 10,000; s is 0 to 10,000; with the proviso that r and s each have a value of at least 1 for at least one compound of Formula (I) in the mixture of compounds; F1 is selected from the group consisting of: {(R1O)3-m-n[(—O—)0.5]mR2nSi—G1—Sx—(C═E)y—Ez}p—G2 Formula (II) and {(R1O)3-m-n[(—O—) 0.5]mR2nSi—G1—Sx—}2(C═E)y Formula (III) wherein each occurrence of R1 and R2 is independently hydrogen, or any group which can be obtained by removal of one hydrogen atom from a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, including branched or straight chain alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl groups; each occurrence of G1 is any group which can be obtained by removal of a quantity of two hydrogen atoms from any hydrocarbon having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; each occurrence of G2 is independently a hydrogen atom or any group which can be obtained by removal of a quantity of p hydrogen atoms from any hydrocarbon having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; S is sulfur; O is oxygen; Si is silicon; each occurrence of E is independently oxygen or Sx; each occurrence of m and n is independently 0, 1 or 2; each occurrence of p is independently 1 to 4; each occurrence of y and z is independently 0 or 1; and each occurrence of x is independently 1 to 8; F2 is represented by the general structure: (R1O)4-m′-n′[(—O—)0 5]mR3n′Si Formula (IV) wherein each occurrence of R1 is as defined above; each occurrence of R3 is independently hydrogen, or a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms including aryl as well as branched or straight chain alkyl, alkenyl, arenyl, or aralkyl groups; and each occurrence of m′ and n′ can be independently 0, 1, 2 or 3.
- 14. The composition of claim 13 wherein the mixture of compounds comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of a sulfur silane, a sulfur silane condensate, an alkylalkoxysilane and an alkylalkoxysilane condensate.
- 15. The composition of claim 14 wherein the sulfur silane is selected from the group consisting of bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)thioether, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)disulfide, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)trisulfide, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)tetrasulfide (TESPT), bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)pentasulfide, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)hexasulfide, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)heptasulfide, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)octasulfide, or any mixtures thereof; bis-(triethoxysilylmethyl)disulfide, bis-(triethoxysilylmethyl)tetrasulfide; bis-(2-triethoxysilyl-1-ethyl)disulfide, bis-(2-triethoxysilyl-1-ethyl)tetrasulfide, bis-(1-triethoxysilyl-1-ethyl)disulfide, bis-(1-triethoxysilyl-1-ethyl)tetrasulfide, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)dithiocarbonate, bis-(3-triethoxysilyl-1-propyl)trithiocarbonate, bis-(3-trimethoxysilyl-1-propyl)tetrasulfide, and bis-(3-triisopropoxysilyl-1-propyl)disulfide.
- 16. The composition of claim 14 wherein the alkylalkoxysilane is selected from the group consisting of tetraethoxysilane, tetramethoxysilane, triethoxysilane, tetraisopropoxysilane, tetrapropoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, propyltriethoxysilane, propyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, octyltriethoxysilane, octyltrimethoxysilane, octadecyltriethoxysilane, and octadecyltrimethoxysilane.
- 17. The composition of claim 14 wherein the polymer comprises sulfur vulcanizable rubber.
- 18. The composition of claim 14 wherein the filler is selected from the group consisting of siliceous fillers, carbon black and mixtures thereof.
- 19. A process of making a sulfur vulcanized rubber product which comprises:
mixing sulfur vulcanizable rubber, filler and a hybrid silane composition to form a mixture, said hybrid silane composition comprising a mixture of compounds corresponding to the general formula: F1rF2s Formula (I) wherein r is 0 to 10,000; s is 0 to 10,000; with the proviso that r and s each have a value of at least 1 for at least one compound of Formula (I) in the mixture of compounds; F1 is selected from the group consisting of: {(R1O)3-m-n[(—O—)0.5]mR2nSi—G1—Sx—(C═E)y—Ez}p—G2 Formula (II) and {(R1O)3-m-n[(—O—)0.5]mR2nSi—G1—Sx—}2(C═E)y Formula (III) wherein each occurrence of R1 and R2 is independently hydrogen, or any group which can be obtained by removal of one hydrogen atom from a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, including branched or straight chain alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl groups; each occurrence of G1 is any group which can be obtained by removal of a quantity of two hydrogen atoms from any hydrocarbon having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; each occurrence of G2 is independently a hydrogen atom or any group which can be obtained by removal of a quantity of p hydrogen atoms from any hydrocarbon having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; S is sulfur; O is oxygen; Si is silicon; each occurrence of E is independently oxygen or Sx; each occurrence of m and n is independently 0, 1 or 2; each occurrence of p is independently 1 to 4; each occurrence of y and z is independently 0 or 1; and each occurrence of x is independently 1 to 8; F2 is represented by the general structure: (R1O)4-m′-n′[(—O—)0.5]m′R3n′Si Formula (IV) wherein each occurrence of R1 is as defined above; each occurrence of R3 is independently hydrogen, or a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms including aryl as well as branched or straight chain alkyl, alkenyl, arenyl, or aralkyl groups; and each occurrence of m′ and n′ can be independently 0, 1, 2 or 3; and curing the mixture in the presence of a sulfur source to provide the sulfur vulcanized rubber product.
- 20. The process of claim 19 wherein the product is employed in the construction of a tire.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/287,888, filed Apr. 30, 2001.
Provisional Applications (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
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60287888 |
Apr 2001 |
US |