The invention relates generally to footwear that may be used for both walking and swimming and more particularly to an amphibious shoe that permits simple conversion between a walking mode and a swimming mode.
Swim fins commonly used in water sports, such as, for example swimming and scuba diving, function to increase the propulsive force of the legs by substantially increasing the surface area of the foot. Although numerous styles of swim fins are known, most swim fins are cumbersome and impractical for walking and may even present potential danger to the wearer. To overcome such deficiencies, various types of swim fins and shoe combinations, including designs capable of folding or rotating between a swimming mode and a walking mode, have been developed.
Known swim fin and shoe combinations include, for example, amphibious shoe-like structures with fin blades having a swimming mode and a walking mode. When in the walking mode, the swim fin can rest adjacent to a wearer's instep. When in the swimming mode, the swim fin can extend from the shoe-like structure. In such a device, the expandable fin blade can move between the swimming mode and the walking mode by rotating the fin blade towards the instep of the shoe about a pivoting point such as a rivet, pin, screw or nut and bolt assembly.
Other known swim fin and shoe combinations allow the fin to move between the swimming mode and walking mode through a cut-out in the toe of a hollow sole. Such know devices, however, require folding or bunching up the fin into the sole of the shoe when the fin is in the walking mode. Such folding can create an uneven shoe sole which can cause discomfort when the fin is in the walking mode.
Other know swim fin and shoe combinations include flippers that are extensible through cut-outs in the toe of the hollow sole by means of springs and pins. Such a device requires a separate guard piece to restrain the flipper within the hollow sole. Still other known fin and shoe combinations include fins that can be detached from the shoe and secured to the shoe in a different position by separate screws. Such devices can be cumbersome to move between the swimming mode and the walking mode. Additionally, such devices have hardware that can be lost and/or can corrode.
Therefore a need exists for an amphibious shoe, which can be used for walking and swimming, having convenient, relatively inexpensive and secure means for converting between a walking mode and a swimming or diving mode and maintaining the amphibious shoe in the desired mode. There also exists a need for an amphibious shoe that is comfortable for the wearer and does not restrict the activities of the wearer when in the walking mode. Additionally, a need exists for a swim fin and shoe combination that can be fabricated from moldable thermoplastic materials without corrosion-prone hardware. Further, a need exists for a swim fin and shoe combination with a reliable, reversible retaining mechanism and a minimum of mechanical parts.
In some embodiments, an apparatus includes an upper portion, a sole and a fin. The upper portion is configured to at least partially cover a foot. The sole is coupled to the upper portion and defines a cavity. The fin has a first portion and a second portion. The fin is movable between a first configuration and a second configuration. When in the first configuration, the fin is substantially within the cavity defined by the sole, and the first portion of the fin at least partially overlaps the second portion of the fin. When in the second configuration, the fin extends substantially outside the cavity defined by the sole.
Some embodiments include an amphibious shoe including a shoe component and a swim fin component. The shoe component consists of a shoe upper (also referred to herein as a shoe top or upper body) attached (e.g., fixedly attached) to a shoe sole. The shoe component has a toe end and a heel end. A sole cavity is defined by a top surface, a bottom surface and two side walls of the shoe sole. The sole cavity extends longitudinally from a closed heel end to an open toe end and is configured to receive the fin component. The fin component has a proximal end and a distal end wherein the distal end has one or more blades or flipper portions that function as swimming aids. The fin component has an extended position and a retracted position. When in the retracted position, the proximal end of the fin component is disposed within the heel end of the sole cavity and the fin component is disposed within the sole cavity. When in the extended position, the proximal end of the fin component is disposed within the toe end of the sole cavity and the distal end of the fin component extends through the open toe end of the sole cavity such that the one or more blades are not disposed within the sole cavity.
In certain embodiments, the distal end of the fin component has two blades that move relative to one another in a scissor-like fashion as the fin component is extended and that move together relative to one another in a scissor-like fashion as the fin component is retracted into the sole cavity such that at least portions of the two individual fin blades overlap when the fin component is in a retracted position.
In some embodiments, the cavity defined by the shoe sole is shaped such that it is essentially the same width at each point along its length. In other embodiments, the cavity defined by the shoe sole is shaped such that it is narrower at the heel end and/or the toe end, than the proximal end of the swim fin component. In such embodiments, the proximal end of the swim fin component is laterally compressed when disposed within the heel end and/or the toe end of the cavity. The proximal end of the swim fin component is constructed of a material with sufficient elasticity to recover from compressive deformation. This elasticity helps facilitate the extension and retraction of the swim fin component. Further, the proximal end of the swim fin component provides a user's foot with necessary resistance during the kicking motion of swimming.
In some embodiments, the proximal end of the swim fin component defines one or more voids or holes. In such embodiments the proximal end of the fin component is afforded lateral compressibility and recovery, the level of which is governed by the number, size and shape of the voids or holes as well as the elasticity of the material of construction.
In certain other embodiments of the swim fin component, the proximal end is configured to essentially define a chevron or “V” shaped crossbar. In such embodiments the proximal end of the fin component is afforded lateral compressibility and recovery the level of which is governed by the size and shape of the chevron or “V” shaped crossbar as well as the elasticity of the material of construction.
In certain embodiments, the sole component defines a cavity and is fabricated from two or more components fixedly attached to one another. For example, a three element sole component may have an inner sole, a midsole and an outer sole wherein the midsole has a recess that extends along the longitudinal axis from an area within the heel end through the toe end, thus providing a midsole component with a closed heel end and an open toe end. The combination of such a recessed midsole component and an inner sole component define the necessary cavity to house the fin component. The outer sole can have a suitable tread design, pod configuration or the like to enhance the use of the amphibious shoe in the walking mode.
As used in the specification, the word “shoe” means any type of conventional footwear. This includes sandals, running shoes, boots, slippers and the like. Furthermore, the term “shoe” may be used interchangeably with the term “conventional footwear” and/or any type of conventional footwear.
The fin 4 includes a first portion 5 and a second portion 6. The first portion 5 of the fin 4 is physically distinct from the second portion 6 of the fin 4. Said another way, a distal end portion of the first portion 5 of the fin 4 is not coupled to a distal end portion of the second portion 6 of the fin 4. Because the first portion 5 of the fin 4 is physically distinct from the second portion 6 of the fin 4, the first portion 5 of the fin 4 can be moved with respect to the second portion 6 of the fin 4, and vice versa.
The fin 4 has a first configuration (see e.g.,
As shown in
The fin 4 is movable between the first configuration and the second configuration. For example, a user can move the fin 4 from the first configuration to the second configuration to expose the fin 4 to the area outside the cavity 3. In some embodiments, the user moves the fin 4 from the first configuration to the second configuration by sliding a rod attached to the fin 4 from a first position to a second position. Because the rod is attached to the fin 4, sliding the rod causes the fin 4 to correspondingly slide from the first configuration to the second configuration. As described in further detail herein, in other embodiments, the user moves the fin from the first configuration to the second configuration by pressing a button, pulling a cord, pulling the fin, and/or the like.
When a user moves the fin 4 from the first configuration to the second configuration, the first portion 5 of the fin 4 and the second portion 6 of the fin 4 move apart from each other such that the fin 4 has a width in the second configuration that is greater than a width of the fin 4 in the first configuration, as described above. Once in the second configuration, the user can use the apparatus 1 as a swimming fin, as described above.
When the user moves the fin 4 from the second configuration to the first configuration, side walls of the sole 2 that define the cavity 3 force the first portion 5 of the fin 4 and the second portion 6 of the fin 4 towards each other. The first portion 5 of the fin 4 then overlaps the second portion 6 of the fin 4. In this manner, the width of the fin 4 decreases as the fin 4 moves into the cavity 3 defined by the sole 2. Said another way, moving the fin 4 between the first configuration and the second configuration, causes the first portion 5 of the fin 4 and the second portion 6 of the fin 4 to move in scissor-like fashion with respect to each other. Once in the first configuration, a user can use the apparatus 1 as a walking shoe.
Attached to an edge of a proximal end portion of the swim fin component 17 is a gripping member 20 that is sized to extend through the side slot 16 from the interior of the sole cavity 13 to the outside of the shoe sole when the swim fin component 17 is disposed within the sole cavity 13. The gripping member 20 can be, for example, a rod or a cylindrical pin. A retainer 21 is coupled to the gripping member 20. The gripping member 20 serves to provide the user with a convenient method for the extension and retraction of the swim fin component 17, while the retainer 21 maintains the swim fin component 17 in either an extended or a retracted position. The distal end of the swim fin component 17 has a first blade 18 and a second blade 19 that function as swimming aids. When the swim fin component 17 is in a retracted position the proximal end portion of the swim fin component 17 is disposed within the heel end of the sole cavity 13 and the entire swim fin component 17 resides within the sole cavity 13. In other embodiments, a portion of the swim fin component is disposed outside the sole cavity when the swim fin component is in the retracted position. When the swim fin component 17 is in an extended position the proximal end portion of the swim fin component 17 resides in the toe end of the sole cavity 13 and a distal end portion extends through the open toe end 15 of the sole cavity 13 such that the blades 18, 19 are disposed outside of the sole cavity 13.
The shoe upper 11 is shown as a shoe having straps configured to attach the shoe upper 11 to a foot of a user. The shoe upper 11, however, can be similar to any type and/or style of shoe. For example, in some embodiments the shoe upper can be a closed shoe where the foot of the user is substantially enclosed within the shoe upper. In other embodiments the shoe upper can be a sandal where the foot of the user is substantially exposed to the area surrounding the shoe upper. In yet other embodiments, the shoe upper can be any known shoe.
In some embodiments one or more of the various shoe components can define one or more outlet lumens configured to allow a liquid such as water to pass from within the shoe to the area surrounding the shoe. Such outlet lumens enhance the drainage of liquid from the shoe. For example, the shoe upper 11 can have outlet lumens configured to drain a liquid from the area surrounding the foot of a user to the area surrounding the shoe upper 11.
In some embodiments, the open toe end can include a cover (not shown). The cover can be configured to extend over the opening in the toe end of the shoe. Such a cover protects the sole cavity and the swim fin component. Further, such a cover prevents debris, such as sand, from entering the sole cavity. The cover can be a flap that is hingedly coupled to the toe end of the shoe such that when the swim fin component is moved from the retracted position to the extended position the flap hinges and allows the distal end portion of the swim fin component to exit the sole cavity. In other embodiments, the cover can be manually removed and replaced when the swim fin component is moved between the extended position and the retracted position.
Amphibious shoe 30 also includes a swim fin component 42. The swim fin component 42 includes a distal end portion having two physically distinct blade elements 43 and 44 and a proximal end portion having a geometrical configuration that defines voids 46, 47, 48 and 49 extending through the thickness of the swim fin component 42. When the swim fin component 42 is in the retracted position it is disposed within the cavity defined by the midsole recess 35 and the outer sole 34. A protruding rod 45 that is configured to extend through the open side slot 38 is fixedly attached to an edge of the proximal end portion of the swim fin component 42. A retainer 39 is coupled to the protruding rod 45. The protruding rod 45 serves as a gripping member to provide the user with a convenient method for the extension and retraction of the swim fin component 42, while the retainer 39 aids in the retention of the swim fin component 42 in either an extended position or a retracted position. In some embodiments, the protruding rod 45 has a screw thread and the retainer 39 is a mated nut.
Illustrations of a fully assembled embodiment of an amphibious shoe 50 are presented in
The first blade 62 and the second blade 63 of the swim fin component 61 include a first blade rib 64 and a second blade rib 65 disposed along the outer edges of the first blade 62 and the second blade 63, respectively. The blade ribs 64, 65 serve multiple functions. When the swim fin component 61 is in the extended position (see e.g.,
The swim fin component 61 is substantially flexible to permit the blades 62, 63 to overlap in a scissor-like fashion as the swim fin component 61 is moved from the extended position to the retracted position. Such scissoring movement of the blades 62, 63 is effected by the flexibility of the various elements of the swim fin component 61, which is in turn a function of design and selection of materials of construction. The overlapping relationship between the blades 62, 63 of the swim fin component 61 in the retracted position is depicted in
While shown in
The void 83 and the flexibility of the proximal end portion 82 help facilitate the extension and retraction of the swim fin component. The void 83, also helps reduce the weight of the swim fin component. The proximal end portion 82 of the swim fin component also functions as a “foot plate,” providing necessary resistance during the kicking motion of swimming. Said another way, as water exerts resistance on a distal end portion of the swim fin component, the proximal end portion 82 of the swim fin component maintains its position within the toe end portion 80 of the cavity defined by the shoe sole. This causes the distal end portion of the swim fin component to remain adequately rigid with respect to the proximal end portion 82 of the swim fin component to exert a force on the water, propelling the user.
In other embodiments, the geometrical configuration of the proximal end portion of the swim fin component may include chevrons, V-configurations, H-configurations and/or the like as well as voids of various number, size and/or shape. The geometrical configuration of the proximal end portion of the swim fin component is selected to afford a suitable level of lateral compressibility, which is also effected by the elasticity of the material of construction. Suitable geometrical shapes for voids include, but are not limited to regular shapes such as circles, ovals, squares, rectangles parallelograms, triangles and/or slots and/or a variety of irregular shapes.
The first blade 262 of the swim fin component 260 defines an aperture 263. The aperture is configured to receive a protrusion 265 of the second blade 264 of the swim fin component 260. The protrusion 265 of the second blade 264 is configured to slide within the aperture 263 defined by the first blade 262 as the swim fin component 260 moves between the extended position (
The swim fin component 260 also defines a first aperture 270 and a second aperture 272. The first aperture 270 of the swim fin component 260 is structurally and functionally similar to the void 83 described above in relation to
In use, a user can move the swim fin component 260 from the extended position (
In some embodiments, instead of an aperture, the first blade 262 defines a recess (not shown) within which protrusion 265 is configured to slide. In other embodiments, the aperture (or recess) is defined by the second blade and the protrusion is positioned on the first blade.
Some embodiments include a gripping member and/or a locking member to aid in moving and/or locking the swim fin component in an extended and/or retracted position. For example, a gripping member and a locking member can be combined to allow a user to conveniently extend or retract a swim fin component to reconfigure the amphibious shoe between a walking mode and a swimming mode. The gripping member can also be configured to lock the swim fin component in place. A suitable gripping member can be a rod or other such protrusion fixedly attached to an edge at a proximal end of a swim fin component. The gripping member extends through a slot or channel in the side of a cavity defined by a shoe sole. A locking member is coupled to the gripping member. The locking member is configured to retain the swim fin component in an extended or a retracted position.
In other embodiments, the polarity of the magnets can be switched. For example, the first magnet and the second magnet can have a positive polarity and the swim fin component magnet can have a negative polarity. In some embodiments, only one of the heel end portion of the sole or the toe end portion of the sole has a magnet. In such an embodiment, the swim fin component is magnetically lockable in only one of a retracted position or an extended position. In other embodiments, the magnets can be fixedly attached to the surfaces of the sole and swim fin components, or can be contained within the sole and swim fin components or combinations thereof. In yet other embodiments, either the swim fin component or the sole may include a magnet and the complementary component may include a material attractable by such a magnet. In some embodiments, the magnet can be a ferromagnetic material and the attractable material can be iron or an alloy thereof.
While the swim fin component magnet 144 is shown in
While a magnetized gripping member is shown above,
The side portion 200 of the sole includes two ridges 204 disposed within the side slot at the heel end portion 208 of the sole. The two ridges 204 help limit undesired movement of the gripping member 206 in the direction shown by the arrow AA in
The gripping member 206 is configured to pass between the two ridges 204 when a significant force is applied to the gripping member 206 in the direction shown by the arrow AA in
Similar to the heel end portion 208 of the side slot 202, the toe end portion (not shown) of the side slot 202 can have two ridges that are structurally and functionally similar to the two ridges 204 of the heel end portion 208 of the side slot 202. The two ridges at the toe end portion of the side slot 202 can, for example, lock the swim fin in its extended position.
In other embodiments, the locking member includes spring tension mechanisms, friction mechanisms, nut and bolt mechanisms, magnets, removable pins, buttons, ties, straps and/or the like. For example, the locking member can include a spring-loaded mechanism that biases the swim fin component in the extended position. The locking member can further include a push button on a side of the shoe and/or a removable pin configured to hold the swim fin component in the retracted position. In such an embodiment, when the button is pressed and/or the pin removed, the swim fin component moves from the retracted position to the extended position. In yet other embodiments, a proximal end portion of the swim fin component can function similar to a button, such that when the toe end of the swim fin component is pressed, the swim fin component moves from the retracted position to the extended position. In other embodiments, the swim fin component is biased in the retracted position and pressing the button and or removing the pin moves the swim fin component from the extended position to the retracted position.
In yet other embodiments, the locking member includes a push button on one side of the shoe and a gripping member on the other side. To move the swim fin from the extended position to the retracted position, or vice versa, the button must be pushed and the griping member moved, as described above.
In some embodiments, the gripping member and the locking member are disposed on the outer side of the shoe, i.e., the side of the shoe that faces away from the other shoe. In other embodiments, the gripping member and locking member are disposed on the inner side of the shoe, i.e., the side of the shoe that faces the other shoe. In still other embodiments, the shoe includes two gripping members and/or two locking members disposed on both sides of the shoe. In certain embodiments the gripping member is a rod-like protrusion with a screw-threaded distal end that accepts a retaining nut as a locking member.
The various components of an amphibious shoe can be constructed of various materials. For example, in some embodiments the components can be constructed of flexible plastics, thermoset rubbers, thermoplastic elastomers, elastomeric polymer alloys and/or the like. Materials such as styrenic block copolymers, polyolefin copolymers, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers, cured polyurethanes, thermoplastic polyurethanes, thermoplastic copolyesters, thermoplastic polyamides, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) compositions as well as combinations, blends and alloys thereof can also be used. In other embodiments, reinforced polymer composites are used.
In certain embodiments, combinations of the various components are parts of a unified or monolithic construction. In certain other embodiments, the inner sole or footbed and the midsole are combined as a single shoe sole component. Such unified construction can be conveniently achieved by use of any of the various techniques known in the art for molding polymers including, but not limited to, compression molding, injection molding, liquid injection molding (LIM), reaction injection molding (RIM) and/or the like. In certain other embodiments, unified construction is achieved by fusing individual components via known techniques including, but not limited to, gluing, ultrasonic welding, vibration or friction welding, laser welding, solvent welding and/or the like.
Some embodiments have an open-ended cassette or cartridge within a shoe sole cavity that functions as a sleeve and/or liner between the surface of the shoe sole cavity and a swim fin component disposed therein. Such a cassette or cartridge is shaped and configured such that it substantially fits within the shoe sole cavity and that the outer surface of the cassette is in substantial contact with the inner surface of the shoe sole cavity. Both the shoe sole cavity and the cassette or cartridge have an open toe end that permits a swim fin component, disposed within the cassette or cartridge, to slidably extend and retract. In some embodiments such a cassette or cartridge includes a longitudinally oriented cassette slot extending through a side wherein such a cassette slot is aligned with a corresponding sole cavity side slot such that the slots can accommodate a rod-like gripping member affixed to an appropriate proximal edge of a swim fin component. Furthermore, such a cassette or cartridge is useful in embodiments in which the shoe sole cavity is defined by the combination of a midsole recess and an inner sole as well as embodiments in which the shoe sole is of a unitary structure. Such a cassette may be incorporated into the shoe sole during a molding operation or may be slid into the shoe sole cavity and secured by glue, a weld and/or the like.
In some embodiments, the cartridge or cassette functions as a low-friction sleeve or liner to assist the sliding movement of a swim fin component as it is extended and retracted within the shoe sole cavity. Further, in some embodiments, the cassette or cartridge provides a protective environment for the swim fin component when in the retracted position.
Materials useful in construction of such a cassette or liner include, but are not limited to, polyolefins such as polyethylenes (PE, HDPE, LLDPE), polypropylenes (PP), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene terpolymers (ABS), thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) and/or the like, as well as copolymers, alloys and/or blends thereof. In some embodiments the sleeve is comprised of a material with a coefficient of friction that is lower than that of the material from which the adjacent components are comprised. In some embodiments, a cassette or cartridge is constructed of a material that is harder than the material of which the swim fin component, midsole and inner sole are constructed as indicated by a higher durometer designation as measured by ASTM D2240 type A and type D scales.
In some embodiments, the cassette 113 can be removed from the shoe sole cavity 121 when the shoe is not being used as an amphibious shoe. In such embodiments, the cassette can be replaced by a spacer (not shown). The spacer fills and/or maintains the shoe sole cavity 121 when the cassette 113 is not disposed within the shoe sole cavity 121. The spacer can be removed from the shoe sole cavity 121 and replaced with the cassette 113 once the user wishes to use the shoe as an amphibious shoe.
While shown in the above embodiments as being a certain shape, the blades of the swim fin component can be any shape suitable to allow a user to effectively displace water. For example, in some embodiments the blades can be substantially circular, oval, square, rectangular and/or any satisfactory shape. In some embodiments, the blades also include at least one void to help optimize the displacement of water during the kicking motion of swimming.
In some embodiments, the guide channels 99, 100 can be made of and/or coated with a low friction material. For example, low-friction material can be inserted and/or molded to the guide channels 99, 100. This allows the ribs 97, 98 of the swim fin component 96 to easily slide within the guide channels 99, 100 when the swim fin component is moved between its extended position and its retracted position.
In some embodiments, a shoe can be converted into an amphibious shoe using a conversion kit. The conversion kit can include a swim fin component having a proximal end portion and a distal end portion. The distal end portion of the swim fin component includes at least one fin blade. A first edge of the proximal end portion of the swim fin component includes a gripping member. The gripping member is configured to move the swim fin component between a retracted position and an extended position, as described herein.
The conversion kit also includes an open-ended cassette. The swim fin component is configured to be slidably disposed within a cavity defined by the cassette. The swim fin component can move between a retracted position where the swim fin component is disposed within the cavity defined by the cassette and an extended position where the distal end portion of the swim fin component is disposed outside the cavity defined by the cassette.
The cassette is configured to be disposed within a cavity defined by the sole of a shoe. The cavity defined by the sole of the shoe is configured and dimensioned to contact an outer surface of the cassette. The cassette and the sole of the shoe have longitudinally oriented slots configured to allow the gripping member of the swim fin component to slidably move within the slots. In this manner, the gripping member moves the swim fin component between the retracted position and the extended position. The gripping member is coupled to a locking mechanism enabling the fin to be secured in both retracted and extended positions.
Such kits are adaptable to any shoe construction that permits fabrication of a suitable cavity in the sole or sole assembly. Furthermore, the cassette may be disposed within the cavity during or after fabrication of the shoe.
While various embodiments have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and not limitation. Where methods described above indicate certain events occurring in certain order, the ordering of certain events may be modified. Additionally, certain of the events may be performed concurrently in a parallel process when possible, as well as performed sequentially as described above.
For example, the blades of a swim fin component could be coupled together in a variety of ways. In some embodiments, for example, the blades of a swim fin component could be hingedly coupled together. In other embodiments, the blades might not be coupled together and operate independently from each other. This would allow a user to extend one blade and not the other.
Additionally, the manner in which the user moves a swim fin component could be any suitable manner. For example, in some embodiments, the swim tin component could be spring-loaded. In such an embodiment, the swim fin component could be biased in the retracted position or the extended position. In other embodiments, the swim fin component is moved from the retracted position to the extended position by overcoming a predetermined force. For example, the swim tin component can be configured to move from the retracted position to the extended position when a user wearing the shoe kicks. The force of the kick moves the swim fin component from the retracted position to the extended position.
In some embodiments, the swim fin component is configured to be rolled-up when in a retracted position. The swim fin component unrolls when it is moved from the retracted position to the extended position. The locking mechanism used from such an embodiment, can be any locking mechanism previously described such as a tie and/or a strap to configured to maintain the swim fin component rolled-up when in the retracted position.
Although various embodiments have been described as having particular features and/or combinations of components, other embodiments are possible having a combination of any features and/or components from any of embodiments where appropriate. For example, any of the above described embodiments can have ribs similar to the ribs 97, 98 of amphibious shoe 95.
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/182,823, filed on Jul. 30, 2008, entitled “Hybrid Water Sport Footwear,” now U.S. Pat. No. 7,658,659, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20100279562 A1 | Nov 2010 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 12182823 | Jul 2008 | US |
Child | 12702088 | US |