Patent Application
20190301139
The present disclosure relates to hydraulic control circuits, and more particularly to a hydraulic control circuit for an articulation assembly of a work vehicle.
Many work vehicles include front and rear frames coupled together by an articulation joint to reduce the vehicle's turning radius and thereby improve maneuverability. An articulation joint may be passive or may be part of an active articulation assembly. An active articulation assembly typically includes one or more actuators to control a degree of articulation between the front and rear frames. The actuator(s) may be manually controlled. Under manual control, the actuator(s) cause the front frame to rotate relative to the rear frame in response to a steering input (e.g., provided via user-manipulation of a steering control). However, under manual control, it may be difficult to precisely maintain a desired degree of articulation. For example, it may be difficult to keep the work vehicle traveling in a straight line if even a small degree of articulation is present.
The disclosure provides, in one aspect, a work vehicle including a first frame, a second frame pivotally coupled to the first frame at an articulation joint, and a control circuit operable to control relative movement of the first and second frames about the articulation joint. The control circuit includes a pump, an actuator in fluid communication with the pump, and a first valve assembly coupled to a user-manipulable control. The first valve assembly is configured to direct fluid from the pump to the actuator in response to movement of the user-manipulable control to pivot the first and second frames. The control circuit also includes a second valve assembly configured to direct fluid from the pump to the actuator in response to receiving an electronic control signal to pivot the first and second frames.
The disclosure provides, in another aspect, a work vehicle including a first frame, a second frame pivotally coupled to the first frame at an articulation joint, and a control circuit operable to control relative movement of the first and second frames about the articulation joint. The control circuit includes a pump, an actuator operable to pivot the first and second frames about the articulation joint in response to receiving fluid from the pump, a first valve assembly configured to direct fluid from the pump to the actuator, a second valve assembly configured to direct fluid from the pump to the actuator, and a third valve assembly positioned fluidly between the first and second valve assemblies and the actuator. The third valve assembly is configurable in a first state in which the third valve assembly fluidly communicates the first valve assembly with the actuator such that the first valve assembly controls movement of the actuator, and a second state in which the third valve assembly fluidly communicates the second valve assembly with the actuator such that the second valve assembly controls movement of the actuator.
The disclosure provides, in another aspect, a method of operating a work vehicle having first and second frame members pivotally coupled at an articulation joint and an actuator operable to pivot the first and second frames about the articulation joint in response to receiving fluid from a pump. The method includes moving a user-manipulable control to direct fluid from the pump to the actuator via a first valve assembly to pivot the first and second frame members from a non-articulated position to an articulated position. The method also includes commanding a controller to return the first and second frame members to the non-articulated position, and directing fluid from the pump to the actuator via a second valve assembly to pivot the first and second frame members toward the non-articulated position.
Other aspects of the disclosure will become apparent by consideration of the detailed description and accompanying drawings.
Before any embodiments of the disclosure are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the disclosure is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The disclosure is capable of supporting other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways.
The grader 10 includes a circle 46 disposed in front of the operator cab 26 and suspended below the front frame 18 by a lifter bracket 50 and a drawbar 54. A work implement, which is a blade 58 or moldboard in the illustrated embodiment, extends laterally across the circle 46. The grader 10 includes a blade positioning assembly 62 that allows the position and orientation of the blade 58 to be adjusted. In the illustrated embodiment, lift actuators 66 extend between the lifter bracket 50 and the circle 46 to tilt, raise, and lower the circle 46 and the blade 58. A shift actuator 70 is provided to shift the blade 58 laterally relative to the front frame 18, and a pitch actuator 74 (
The prime mover 30 is coupled to the rear wheels 42 via a suitable transmission (not shown) to drive the rear wheels 42 (
The front frame 18 of the grader 10 defines a first or front longitudinal axis 90, and the rear frame 22 of the grader 10 defines a second or rear longitudinal axis 94. An articulation joint 98 pivotally couples the front frame 18 and the rear frame 22 and defines a vertical pivot or articulation axis 102 (
The hydraulic control circuit 200 includes a pump 204 that may be driven by the prime mover 30, or alternatively by a secondary engine or electric motor. The pump 204 has an inlet 208 in fluid communication with a tank or reservoir 212 that contains a fluid (e.g., an oil-based hydraulic fluid). In the illustrated embodiment, the pump 204 is a variable displacement pump with a load sensing control 214 that receives feedback from a load sensing line 216. However, other types of pumps may be used. The control circuit 200 also includes a first valve assembly 310, a second valve assembly 410 and a third valve assembly 510. The three valve assemblies 310, 410, 510 are positioned fluidly between the pump 204 and the articulation actuators 114, 116.
The first valve assembly 310 includes a manual valve 312 which, in the illustrated embodiment, is an infinitely-variable spool valve. The manual valve 312 has an actuator 314 that is mechanically coupled to a user-manipulable control 126 located in the operator cab 26 of the grader 10 (
The illustrated manual valve 312 includes four ports: a pressure port 316, a tank port 318, a first work port 320, and a second work port 322 (
The spool of the manual valve 312 is movable between a first position, a second position, and a neutral position between the first and second positions. In the first position (i.e. the top position illustrated in
With continued reference to
The illustrated electrohydraulic valve 412 includes four ports: a pressure port 416, a tank port 418, a first work port 420, and a second work port 422. The pressure port 416 is in fluid communication the pump 204, and the tank port 418 is in fluid communication with the reservoir 212. In the illustrated embodiment, the pressure ports 316, 416 and the tank ports 318, 418 are respectively connected to the pump 204 and the tank 212 in parallel. A first line 424 of the second valve assembly 410 is connected to the first work port 420, and a second line 426 is connected to the second work port 422. The first and second lines 424, 426 are coupled to first and second work lines 428, 430 of the second valve assembly via respective compensators 432. Each compensator 432 includes a two position, two port valve 434, with a pilot 436 in fluid communication with the load sense line 216, and a pair of check valves 438a, 438b.
The spool of the electrohydraulic valve 412 is movable between a first position, a second position, and a neutral position between the first and second positions. In the first position (i.e. the bottom position illustrated in
With continued reference to
In the illustrated embodiment, each of the directional valves 512, 514 is a two position valve with three ports. The first directional valve 512 has a first port 516 in fluid communication with the first work line 328 of the first valve assembly 310 and a second port 518 in fluid communication with the first work line 428 of the second valve assembly 410. A third port 520 is in fluid communication with a first actuator line 522. The first directional valve 512 includes a spool movable between a first position (i.e. the top position illustrated in
Similarly, the second directional valve 514 has a first port 524 in fluid communication with the second work line 330 of the first valve assembly 310 and a second port 526 in fluid communication with the second work line 430 of the second valve assembly 410. A third port 528 is in fluid communication with a second actuator line 530. The second directional valve 514 includes a spool movable between a first position (i.e. the bottom position illustrated in
The third valve assembly 510 is configurable in a first state when the spools of the first and second directional valves 512, 514 are in their first positions. Accordingly, in the first state, the third valve assembly 510 fluidly communicates the work lines 328, 330 or outputs of the first valve assembly 310 with the articulation actuators 114, 116 such that the first valve assembly 310 controls operation of the actuators 114, 116. The third valve assembly 510 is configurable in a second state when the spools of the first and second directional valves 512, 514 are in their second positions. Accordingly, in the second state, the third valve assembly 510 fluidly communicates the work lines 428, 430 or outputs of the second valve assembly 410 with the articulation actuators 114, 116 such that the second valve assembly 410 controls operation of the actuators 114, 116.
Each of the directional valves 512, 514 includes a pilot 532 coupled to a pilot line 534 that extends between the work lines 428, 430 of the second valve assembly 410. As such, the directional valves 512, 514 are movable from the first position to the second position in response to elevated pressure in the pilot line 534. First and second pilot check valves 536, 538 are provided in the pilot line 534. The first pilot check valve 536 is configured to open in response to elevated pressure in the work line 428, and the second pilot check valve 538 is configured to open in response to elevated pressure in the work line 430. The first pilot check valve 536 has a pilot line 540 in fluid communication with the first work line 328 of the first valve assembly 310, and the second pilot check valve 538 has a pilot line 542 in fluid communication with the second work line 330 of the first valve assembly 310. The first and second pilot check valves 536, 538 are thus also configured to open in response to elevated pressure in the respective work lines 328, 330.
In the illustrated embodiment, the third valve assembly 510 further includes a third pilot check valve 544 provided in the first actuator line 522 and a fourth pilot check 546 valve provided in the second actuator line 530. The third pilot check valve 544 has a pilot line 548 in fluid communication with the second actuator line 530 upstream of the fourth pilot check valve 546 (with reference to the positive flow direction), and the fourth pilot check valve 546 has a pilot line 550 in fluid communication with the first actuator line 522 upstream of the third pilot check valve 544 (with reference to the positive flow direction).
In the illustrated embodiment, the second and third valve assemblies 410, 510 collectively define a valve section 600 that may be housed together as a single unit. As such, the valve section 600 may be readily incorporated into work vehicles with existing manual control circuits. Automatic operating functionality may thus be readily added to such work vehicles without replacing or significantly modifying an existing manual control circuit.
The grader 10 may be operated by a user positioned in the operator cab 26. The illustrated hydraulic control circuit 200 permits the user to control the articulation assembly 106 in either a manual operating mode or an automatic operating mode.
In the manual operating mode, the user may control the articulation assembly 106 via the user-manipulable control 126. For example, the user may articulate the frames 18, 22 to the left or to the right (relative to a forward direction of travel) by moving the control 126, which may facilitate turning the grader 10 to the left or to the right, respectively. The control 126 may also be coupled to the steering assembly 82 such that moving the control 126 also turns the front wheels 38 left or right. In such embodiments, the steering assembly 82 and the articulation assembly 106 may be calibrated to provide a desired turning response.
When the user moves the control 126 to articulate the frames 18, 22 to the right (i.e. to decrease an included angle between the front axis 90 and the rear axis 94 on the right side of the articulation axis 102), the actuator 314 translates movement of the user-manipulable control 126 into movement of the spool of the manual valve 312. The spool moves from the neutral position toward the first position, directing pressurized fluid from the pump 204 into the first work line 328 (via the associated compensator 332) and allowing fluid to drain from the second work line 330 into the reservoir 212. During manual operation, the third valve assembly 510 is in its first state, with the spools of the directional valves 512, 514 in their first positions. As such, the third valve assembly 510 fluidly communicates the work lines 328, 330 of the first valve assembly 310 with the actuator lines 522, 530.
The pressurized fluid from the first work line 328 flows into the first actuator line 522 and opens the third pilot check valve 544 when the pressure on the upstream side of the third pilot check valve 544 exceeds the valve's cracking pressure. The pressurized fluid then flows into the head chamber 114a of the first articulation actuator 114 and into the rod chamber 116b of the second articulation actuator 116. The pressurized fluid from the first work line 328 also opens the fourth pilot check valve 546 via the pilot line 550. This allows fluid to flow out of the rod chamber 114b of the first articulation actuator 114 and the head chamber 116a of the second articulation actuator 116, into the work line 330, and ultimately back to the reservoir 212. Thus, a pressure imbalance is created in each of the articulation actuators 114, 116. The rod 118 of the first articulation actuator 114 extends, and the rod 118 of the second articulation actuator 116 retracts, thereby articulating the frames 18, 22 to the right.
When the user moves the control 126 to articulate the frames 18, 22 to the left (i.e. to decrease an included angle between the front axis 90 and the rear axis 94 on the left side of the articulation axis 102), the actuator 314 translates movement of the user-manipulable control 126 into movement of the spool of the manual valve 312. The spool moves from the neutral position toward the second position, directing pressurized fluid from the pump 204 into the second work line 330 (via the associated compensator 332) and allowing fluid to drain from the first work line 328 into the reservoir 212. The third valve assembly 510 remains in its first state, with the spools of the directional valves 512, 514 in their first positions. As such, the third valve assembly 510 fluidly communicates the work lines 328, 330 of the first valve assembly 310 with the actuator lines 522, 530.
The pressurized fluid from the second work line 330 flows into the second actuator line 530 and opens the fourth pilot check valve 546 when the pressure on the upstream side of the valve 546 exceeds the valve's cracking pressure. The pressurized fluid then flows into the head chamber 116a of the second articulation actuator 116 and into the rod chamber 114b of the second articulation actuator 114. The pressurized fluid from the second work line 330 also opens the third pilot check valve 544 via the pilot line 548. This allows fluid to flow out of the rod chamber 116b of the second articulation actuator 116 and the head chamber 114a of the first articulation actuator 114, into the work line 328, and ultimately back to the reservoir 212. Thus, a pressure imbalance is created in each of the articulation actuators 114, 116. The rod 118 of the second articulation actuator 116 extends, and the rod 118 of the first articulation actuator 114 retracts, thereby articulating the frames 18, 22 to the left.
After articulating the frames 18, 22 to the right or to the left to an articulated position, the user may desire to return the frames 18, 22 to a non-articulated (i.e. straight) position in which the front axis 90 and the rear axis 94 are substantially aligned. The user may move the control 126 to return the frames 18, 22 to the non-articulated position; however, it may be difficult arrive precisely at the non-articulated position using the control 126 in the manual operating mode. Accordingly, the illustrated control system 200 also allows the user to return the frames 18, 22 to a selected position (e.g., the non-articulated position or any other position selected by the user) automatically.
In the automatic operating mode, the user may control the articulation assembly 106 via the controller 220. First, the user selects a target position. The user may select the target position by pressing a virtual or hardware button on the controller 220 corresponding with the target position, entering the target position into the controller 220 (e.g., via a keyboard), choosing the target position from a table, etc. Once the target position is selected, the user commands the controller 220 to pivot the frames 118, 122 to the selected position. The controller 220 automatically operates the second valve assembly 410 to direct pressurized fluid from the pump 204 to the articulation actuators 114, 116 in order to pivot the frames 118, 122 to the selected position. The automatic operating mode may be particularly advantageous when the user desires to return the frames 18, 22 to the non-articulated position. However, it should be understood that references in the following description to the non-articulated position could be replaced with any other position selected by the user via the controller 220.
When the frames 18, 22 are articulated to the left and the user commands the controller 220 to return the frames 18, 22 to the non-articulated position, the controller 220 sends an electronic control signal to the electronic actuators 414 of the electrohydraulic valve 412 (e.g., by varying a voltage and/or current supplied to the actuators 414). The actuators 414 move the spool from the neutral position toward the first position. This directs pressurized fluid from the pump 204 into the first work line 428 (via the associated compensator 432). The second work line 430 is fluidly communicated with the reservoir 212, allowing fluid to drain from the second work line 430 into the reservoir 212.
As pressure builds in the first work line 428, the pressure acts against the first pilot check valve 536. When the pressure exceeds the cracking pressure of the valve 536, the first work line 428 pressurizes the pilot line 534 downstream of the first pilot check valve 536. The pressurized fluid is supplied to the pilots 532, which shift the first and second directional valves 512, 514 to their second positions. In other words, the third valve assembly 510 is actuated to its second state, in which the third valve assembly 510 fluidly communicates the work lines 428, 430 of the second valve assembly 410 with the actuator lines 522, 530, in response to increased fluid pressure (i.e. a pressure signal) in one of the work lines 428, 430 of the second valve assembly 410.
The pressurized fluid from the first work line 428 flows into the first actuator line 522 and opens the third pilot check valve 544 when the pressure on the upstream side of the third pilot check valve 544 exceeds the valve's cracking pressure. The pressurized fluid then flows into the head chamber 114a of the first articulation actuator 114 and into the rod chamber 116b of the second articulation actuator 116. The pressurized fluid from the first work line 428 also opens the fourth pilot check valve 546 via the pilot line 550. This allows fluid to flow out of the rod chamber 114b of the first articulation actuator 114 and the head chamber 116a of the second articulation actuator 116, into the work line 430, and ultimately back to the reservoir 212. Thus, a pressure imbalance is created in each of the articulation actuators 114, 116. The rod 118 of the first articulation actuator 114 extends, and the rod 118 of the second articulation actuator 116 retracts, thereby articulating the frames 18, 22 to the right until they reach the non-articulated position. The controller 220 may receive feedback from one or more sensors (not shown) that indicate when the frames 18, 22 reach the non-articulated position.
When the frames 18, 22 are articulated to the right and the user commands the controller 220 to return the frames 18, 22 to the non-articulated position, the controller 220 sends an electronic control signal the electronic actuators 414 of the electrohydraulic valve 412 (e.g., by varying a voltage and/or current supplied to the actuators 414). The actuators 414 move the spool from the neutral position toward the second position. Pressurized fluid from the pump 204 is directed into the second work line 430 (via the associated compensator 432). The first work line 428 is fluidly communicated with the reservoir 212, allowing fluid to drain from the first work line 428 into the reservoir 212.
As pressure builds in the second work line 430, the pressure acts against the second pilot check valve 538. When the pressure exceeds the cracking pressure of the valve 538, the second work line 430 pressurizes the pilot line 534 downstream of the second pilot check valve 538. The pressurized fluid is supplied to the pilots 532, which shift the first and second directional valves 512, 514 to their second positions such that the third valve assembly 510 fluidly communicates the work lines 428, 430 of the second valve assembly 410 with the actuator lines 522, 530.
The pressurized fluid from the second work line 430 flows into the second actuator line 530 and opens the fourth pilot check valve 546 when the pressure on the upstream side of the fourth pilot check valve 546 exceeds the valve's cracking pressure. The pressurized fluid then flows into the head chamber 116a of the second articulation actuator 116 and into the rod chamber 114b of the first articulation actuator 114. The pressurized fluid from the second work line 430 also opens the third pilot check valve 544 via the pilot line 548. This allows fluid to flow out of the rod chamber 116b of the second articulation actuator 116 and the head chamber 114a of the first articulation actuator 114, into the first work line 428, and ultimately back to the reservoir 212. Thus, a pressure imbalance is created in each of the articulation actuators 114, 116. The rod 118 of the second articulation actuator 116 extends, and the rod 118 of the first articulation actuator 114 retracts, thereby articulating the frames 18, 22 to the left until they reach the non-articulated position.
In the illustrated embodiment, the control circuit 200 allows the user to override movement of the articulation actuators 114, 116 during the automatic operating mode by moving the user-manipulable control 126. This advantageously allows the user to quickly regain manual control of the articulation assembly 106 (e.g., to steer around an obstacle).
When the user moves the user-manipulable control 126 when the control circuit 200 is operating in the automatic mode, the spool of the manual valve 312 moves toward either the first or second position, which supplies pressurized hydraulic fluid from the pump 204 to either the first work line 328 or the second work line 330. The first pilot check valve 536 is in fluid communication with the first work line 328 via the pilot line 540 such that elevated pressure in the first work line 328 opens the first pilot check valve 536. Likewise, the second pilot check valve 538 is in fluid communication with the second work line 330 via the pilot line 542 such that elevated pressure in the second work line 330 opens the second pilot check valve 538. This dumps fluid out of the pilot line 534. The directional valves 512, 514 then return to their first positions (under the influence of springs), fluidly communicating the first valve assembly 310 with the articulation actuators 114, 116 and isolating the second valve assembly 410 from the articulation actuators 114, 116. Thus, the third valve assembly 510 is actuatable from the second state to the first state in response to movement of the user-manipulable control 126 such that the first valve assembly 310 regains control over the articulation actuators 114, 116.
Various features of the disclosure are set forth in the following claims.
