Patent Grant
8650778
This invention relates to a hydraulic drive system for a hydraulic working machine such as a hydraulic excavator. The hydraulic drive system is arranged in the hydraulic working machine, and is provided with a jack-up selector valve for allowing a working element such as a boom to produce strong pushing force.
As a conventional technology of this kind, there is one disclosed in Patent Document 1. This conventional technology is applied to a hydraulic working machine, for example, a hydraulic excavator, and includes a first hydraulic pump and second hydraulic pump for delivering pressure oil to drive a working element which is movable up and down, for example, a boom, and a double-acting hydraulic cylinder operable by pressure oil, which has been delivered from these first hydraulic pump and second hydraulic pump, to drive the boom, specifically a boom cylinder. Also included are a first directional control valve for the working machine to control a flow of pressure oil to be fed from the first hydraulic pump to a bottom chamber or rod chamber of the boom cylinder, specifically a first directional control valve for the boom, a second directional control valve for the working machine to control a flow of pressure oil to be fed from the second hydraulic pump to the bottom chamber or rod chamber of the boom cylinder, specifically a second directional control valve for the boom, a control device for switchingly controlling the first directional control valve for the boom and the second directional control valve for the boom, and a jack-up selector valve to be switched when a pressure in the bottom chamber of the boom cylinder has reached a predetermined pressure.
The conventional technology further includes a flow rate control valve and a center bypass selector valve both of which, when the pressure in the bottom chamber of the boom cylinder has become the predetermined pressure or lower, are actuated in association with switching of the jack-up selector valve. As a result, the flow rate control valve is switched to permit feeding of pressure oil from the first hydraulic pump to the first directional control valve for the boom, while the center bypass selector valve closes a center bypass passage on a downstream side of the first directional control valve for the boom.
According to this conventional technology, when the boom is operated in a lowering direction and the bottom pressure of the boom cylinder has become lower than a switching pressure for the jack-up selector valve, in other words, the predetermined pressure, the flow rate control valve is switched to permit feeding of pressure oil from the first hydraulic pump to the first directional control valve for the boom, and in addition, the jack-up selector valve is also switched to close the center bypass passage. Owing to the cooperation of these flow rate control valve and center bypass selector valve, the pressure oil delivered from the first hydraulic pump is fed to the rod chamber of the boom cylinder via the flow rate control valve and the first directional control valve for the boom, thereby making it possible to allow the boom to produce strong pushing force such as jack-up force for a body.
Patent Document 1: JP-A-2005-221026
According to the above-mentioned conventional technology, the jack-up selector valve is switched to feed pressure oil to the rod chamber of the boom cylinder so that strong pushing force such as jack-up force can be produced. When generating such strong pushing force, it is necessary, in association with switching of the jack-up selector valve, to switch the flow rate control valve and center bypass selector valve in combination such that they are allowed to cooperate. In practice, however, it is difficult to assure, between a switching time of the flow rate control valve and that of the center bypass selector valve, such a timing interval that enables a smooth transition to a jack-up operation. As a consequence, the flow rate control valve and center bypass selector valve may be switched at the same time. In such an instance, a sudden jack-up takes place to result in the occurrence of a shock on the hydraulic excavator, that is, the hydraulic working machine. On the other hand, the center bypass selector valve may also be switched with a slight delay in time after the flow rate control valve has been switched. In such an instance, a response delay arises in the jack-up operation, thereby tending to give an odd feel to the operator who is performing the jack-up operation.
Because the conventional technology needs to switch the flow rate control valve and center bypass selector valve in association with switching of the jack-up selector valve upon performing a jack-up operation, there is a potential problem that the control performance of the jack-up operation may be deteriorated if it is failed to provide, between the switching time of the flow rate control valve and that of the center bypass selector valve, such a timing interval that enables a smooth transition to the jack-up operation.
With the above-mentioned actual situation of the conventional technology in view, the present invention has as an object thereof the provision of a hydraulic drive system for a hydraulic working machine, which can realize a jack-up operation without arrangement of a flow rate control valve, which would otherwise be needed to enable feeding of pressure oil to directional control valves for a working element, and a center bypass selector valve.
To achieve this object, a hydraulic drive system according to the present invention for a hydraulic working machine is characterized in that in a hydraulic drive system for a hydraulic working machine, said hydraulic drive system being provided with a first hydraulic pump and second hydraulic pump for delivering pressure oil to drive a working element which is movable up and down, a double-acting hydraulic cylinder operable by pressure oil, which has been delivered from the first hydraulic pump and second hydraulic pump, to drive the working element, a first directional control valve for the working element, said first directional control valve being for controlling a flow of pressure oil to be fed from the first hydraulic pump to a bottom chamber or rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, a second directional control valve for the working element, said second directional control valve being for controlling a flow of pressure oil to be fed from the second hydraulic pump to the bottom chamber or rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, a control device for switchingly controlling the first directional control valve for the working element and the second directional control valve for the working element, and a jack-up selector valve to be switched when a pressure in the bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder has reached a predetermined pressure, the hydraulic drive system is further provided with a third directional control valve for the working element to control a flow of pressure oil to be fed to the bottom chamber or rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, said third directional control valve for the working element being switchable by a manipulation of the control device, and also with a third hydraulic pump for feeding pressure oil to the third directional control valve for the working element; and the jack-up selector valve has a first select position where, when a pressure in the bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is higher than the predetermined pressure, the second directional control valve for the working element and the third directional control valve for the working element are held in neutral positions, respectively, to hold permissible switching of the first directional control valve for the working element by a manipulation of the control device, and a second select position where, when a pressure in the bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is not higher than the predetermined pressure, the feeding of pressure oil, which is to be delivered from the second hydraulic pump and third hydraulic pump, to the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is held permissible in association with the switching of the second directional control valve for the working element and the third directional control valve for the working element by a manipulation of the control device.
In the present invention constructed as described above, when the pressure in the bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is higher than the predetermined pressure, for example, in a lowering operation of the working element, specifically during a lowering operation in the air, the jack-up selector valve is held in the first select position, and by switching the first directional control valve for the working element via the control device, the oil in the bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is discharged, thereby making it possible to perform the lowering operation in the air. On the other hand, when the pressure in the bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder has become the predetermined pressure or lower as a result of a contact of the working element with the ground in the course of a lowering operation of the working element, the jack-up selector valve is switched to the second select position. At this time, the control device is manipulated to switch the second directional control valve for the working element and the third directional control valve for the working element, the pressure oil delivered from the second hydraulic pump is fed to the rod compartment of the hydraulic cylinder via the second directional control valve for the working element, and further, the pressure oil delivered from the third hydraulic pump is fed to the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder via the third directional control valve for the working element. By these pressure oil fed to the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, it is possible to perform a jack-up operation that strongly pushes the working element against the ground.
As described above, when the pressure in the bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder has become the predetermined pressure or lower and the jack-up selector valve has been switched to the second select position, the present invention can perform a jack-up operation by feeding the pressure oil from the second hydraulic pump and third hydraulic pump to the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder by a switching control of the second directional control valve for the working element and the third directional control valve for the working element via the control device. A jack-up operation can, therefore, be realized by a switching control of the second directional control valve for the working element and the third directional control valve for the working element without arrangement of a flow rate control valve, which would otherwise be needed to enable feeding of pressure oil to the first to third directional control valves for the working element, and a center bypass selector valve, which would otherwise be arranged on a downstream side of center bypass passages of the first to third directional control valves for the working element.
The hydraulic drive system according to the present invention may also be characterized in that in the above-described invention, the hydraulic drive system is further provided with a right travel motor and left travel motor for driving corresponding ones of a pair of crawler tracks, a directional control valve for the right travel motor to control a flow of pressure oil to be fed to the right travel motor, and a directional control valve for the left travel motor to control a flow of pressure oil to be fed to the left travel motor, and the second directional control valve for the working element and one of the directional control valve for the right travel motor and the directional control valve for the left travel motor are connected, in parallel with each other, to the second hydraulic pump.
In the present invention constructed as described above, upon a combined operation of traveling and jack-up, pressure oil is fed to the directional control valve for the right travel motor, for example, from the first hydraulic pump by switching the directional control valve for the right travel motor and the directional control valve for the left travel motor, whereby a traveling operation is performed. At this time, the second directional control valve for the working element and the third directional control valve for the working element are switched by a control via the control device, and therefore, the hydraulic drive system is brought into a state that the pressure oil from the second hydraulic pump can be also fed, for example, to the second directional control valve for the working element, said second directional control valve being connected, in parallel with the directional control valve for the right travel motor, to the second hydraulic pump. Depending on the level of a load pressure, however, the pressure oil from the second hydraulic pump is fed, for example, only to the directional control valve for the right travel motor. Accordingly, the pressure oil from the third hydraulic pump is fed to the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder via the third directional control valve for the working element, whereby a jack-up operation is performed. In this manner, a smooth combined operation of traveling and jack-up can be performed.
The hydraulic drive system according to the present invention may also be characterized in that in the above-described invention, the first directional control valve for the working element has a regenerative circuit capable of feeding pressure oil, which is discharged from the bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, to the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder.
In the present invention constructed as described above, when the pressure in the bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder becomes higher than the predetermined pressure in the course of a lowering operation of the working element in the air, the pressure oil discharged from the bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is regenerated in the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder via the regenerative circuit of the first directional control valve for the working element, thereby making it possible to smoothly perform the lowering operation of the working element in the air. As the pressure oil discharged from the bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is fed to the rod chamber via the regenerative circuit, it is unnecessary to feed the pressure oil, which is delivered from the first hydraulic pump, to the hydraulic cylinder in the lowering operation of the working element in the air. The pressure oil delivered from the first hydraulic pump can, therefore, be fed to another actuator so that a combined operation can be performed well.
The hydraulic drive system according to the present invention may also be characterized in that in the above-described invention, the hydraulic working machine comprises a hydraulic excavator, the working element comprises a boom, and the first directional control valve for the working element, the second directional control valve for the working element and the third directional control valve for the working element comprise a first directional control valve for the boom, a second directional control valve for the boom and a third directional control valve for the boom, respectively. The present invention constructed as described above can perform a jack-up operation by a lowering operation of the boom of the hydraulic excavator.
The hydraulic drive system according to the present invention for the hydraulic working machine is provided with the first hydraulic pump and second hydraulic pump, the first directional control valve for the working element, said first directional control valve being for controlling a flow of pressure oil delivered from the first hydraulic pump and to be fed to the hydraulic cylinder, the second directional control valve for the working element, said second directional control valve being for controlling a flow of pressure oil delivered from the second hydraulic pump and to be fed to the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic drive system is also provided with the third directional control valve for the working element to control a flow of pressure oil to be fed to the bottom chamber or rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, said third directional control valve for the working element being switchable by a manipulation of a control device, and also with the third hydraulic pump for feeding pressure oil to the third directional control valve for the working element. The jack-up selector valve has the second select position where, when the pressure in the bottom chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is not higher than the predetermined pressure, the feeding of pressure oil, which is delivered from the second hydraulic pump and third hydraulic pump, to the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is held permissible in association with switching of the second directional control valve for the working element and the third directional control valve for the working element by a manipulation of the control device. Without arrangement of a flow rate control valve, which would otherwise be needed to enable feeding of pressure oil to the directional control valves for the working element, and a center bypass selector valve, it is, therefore, possible to realize a jack-up operation by manipulating, with the jack-up selector valve being held in the second select position, the control device to switch the second directional control valve for the working element and the third directional control valve for the working element such that the pressure oil is fed from the second hydraulic pump and third hydraulic pump to the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder. Excellent control performance can, therefore, be assured for the jack-up operation without a potential problem that in the jack-up operation, an inconvenience may arise in the timing interval between the switching time of a flow control valve and that of a center bypass selector valve when the flow control valve and center bypass selector valve are arranged as in the conventional technology. As a consequence, it is possible to inhibit a shock on the hydraulic working machine upon a jack-up operation although the occurrence of such a shock has heretofore been a potential problem. In addition, it is also possible to eliminate an odd feel which may be given to an operator due to a response delay upon a jack-up operation.
The embodiment of the present invention will hereinafter be described based on the drawings.
[One Example of Hydraulic Working Machine in which this Embodiment can be Arranged]
As shown in
[Construction of the Hydraulic Drive System According to this Embodiment]
The hydraulic drive system according to this embodiment is provided with an engine 20 arranged in the engine compartment 4a of the above-mentioned revolving upperstructure 4, and a first hydraulic pump 21, second hydraulic pump 22, third hydraulic pump 23 and pilot pump 24, all of which are drivable by the engine 20. The hydraulic drive system according to this embodiment is also provided with a first directional control valve for a working element, specifically a first directional control valve 28 for the boom, a second directional control valve for the working element, specifically a second directional control valve 29 for the boom, and a third directional control valve for the working element, specifically a third directional control valve 30 for the boom. The first directional control valve 28 for the boom controls a flow of pressure oil to be fed from the first hydraulic pump 21 to bottom chambers 9a or rod chambers 9b of the above-mentioned boom cylinders 9. The second directional control valve 29 for the boom controls a flow of pressure oil to be fed from the second hydraulic pump 22 to the bottom chambers 9a or rod chambers 9b of the boom cylinders 9. The third directional control valve 30 for the boom controls a flow of pressure oil to be fed from the third hydraulic pump 23 to the bottom chambers 9a or rod chambers 9b of the boom cylinders 9. Further, the hydraulic drive system according to this embodiment is also provided with a control device 32 for switchingly controlling these first directional control valve 28 for the boom, second directional control valve 29 for the boom, and third directional control valve 30 for the boom.
Also provided is a jack-up selector valve 31, which is switched when a pressure in a hydraulic cylinder, specifically in the bottom chambers 9a of the boom cylinders 9 has reached a predetermined pressure. This jack-up selector valve 31 has a first select position 31a where, when the pressure in the bottom chambers 9a of the boom cylinders 9 is higher than the predetermined pressure, a control chamber on the side of a right position 29a of the second directional control valve 29 for the boom is brought into communication with a reservoir, a control chamber on the side of a right position 30a of the third directional control valve 30 for the boom is brought into communication with the reservoir, these second directional control valve 29 for the boom and third directional control valve 30 for the boom are held in neutral positions, respectively, and switching of the first directional control valve 28 for the boom by a manipulation of the control device 32 is held permissible. This jack-up selector valve 32 also has a second select position 31b where, when the pressure in the bottom chambers 9a of the boom cylinders 9 is not higher than the predetermined pressure, the feeding of pressure oil, which is delivered from the second hydraulic pump 22 and third hydraulic pump 23, to the rod chambers 9b of the boom cylinders 9 is held permissible in association with switching of the second directional control valve 29 for the boom and the third directional control valve 30 for the boom by a manipulation of the control device 32.
A second switch position 28b of the first directional control valve 28 for the boom has a regenerative circuit 28c capable of feeding pressure oil, which is discharged from the bottom chambers 9a of the boom cylinders 9, to the rod chambers 9b of the boom cylinders 9. This second select position 28b also has a center bypass passage through which pressure oil delivered from the first hydraulic pump 31 is released into the reservoir.
This embodiment is also provided with a directional control valve 25 for the right travel motor and a directional control valve 26 for the left travel motor. The directional control valve 25 for the right travel motor controls a flow of pressure oil to be fed to the right travel motor 2 arranged on the above-mentioned travel base 1, while the directional control valve 26 for the left travel motor controls a flow of pressure oil to be fed to the left travel motor 3 arranged on the above-mentioned travel base 1. The second directional control valve 29 for the boom and one of the directional control valve 25 for the right travel motor and the directional control valve 26 for the left travel motor, for example, the directional control valve 26 for the left travel motor are connected, in parallel with each other, to the second hydraulic pump 22.
Also provided are a flow combiner valve 27 and a main relief valve 33. The flow combiner valve 27 can bring an upstream side of the directional control valve 25 for the right travel motor into communication with an upstream side of the directional control valve 26 for the left travel motor. The main relief valve 33 specifies a maximum delivery pressure for the first hydraulic pump 21, second hydraulic pump 22 and third hydraulic pump 23. The remaining circuit construction is omitted for the sake of simplification of the description.
This embodiment constructed as described above can perform various operations as will be described hereinafter.
[Single Operation of Boom Raising]
When the control device 32 is manipulated in the direction of arrow A in
The oil in the rod chambers 9a of the boom cylinders 9 is returned to the reservoir via the right position 28a of the first directional control valve 28 for the boom, the left position 29b of the second directional control valve 29 for the boom and the left position 30b of the third directional control valve 30 for the boom. As described above, the combined pressure oil from the first hydraulic pump 21, second hydraulic pump 22 and third hydraulic pump 23 is fed to the bottom chambers 9a of the boom cylinders 9 so that the boom cylinders 9 extend to perform a single raising operation of the boom 6 shown in
[Single Operation of Boom Lowering in the Air]
When the control device 32 is manipulated in the direction of arrow B in
At this time, the pressure in the bottom chambers 9a of the boom cylinders 9 is held at a pressure higher than the predetermined pressure, specifically at a pressure higher than the switching pressure for the jack-up selector valve 31, and the jack-up selector valve 31 is switched to the first select position 31a. As a result, the control chamber on the side of the right position 29a of the second directional control valve 29 for the boom is also brought into communication with the reservoir like the control chamber on the side of the left position 29b, and similarly, the control chamber on the side of the right position 30a of the third directional control valve 30 for the boom is also brought into communication with the reservoir like the control chamber on the side of the left position 30b. Therefore, these second directional control valve 29 for the boom and third directional control valve 30 for the boom are held in the neutral positions, respectively. In this state, the pressure oil from the first hydraulic pump 21 is returned to the reservoir via the directional control valve 25 for the right travel motor and the center bypass passage included in the left position 28b of the first directional control valve 28 for the boom. The pressure oil from the second hydraulic pump 22 is returned to the reservoir via the second directional control valve 29 for the boom and the directional control valve 26 for the left travel motor. The pressure oil from the third hydraulic pump 23 is returned to the reservoir via the third directional control valve 30 for the boom. Therefore, the pressure oil delivered from the first hydraulic pump 21, second hydraulic pump 22 and third hydraulic pump 23 is not fed to the rod chambers 9b of the boom cylinders 9.
[Single Operation of Jack-Up]
When a single operation of jack-up that lifts up a body is performed by manipulating the control device 32 in the direction of arrow B in
Accordingly, by the above-mentioned manipulation of the control device 32, the first directional control valve for the boom is switched to the left position 28b, and by the pilot pressure fed via the jack-up selector valve 31, the second directional control valve 29 for the boom is switched to the right position 29a and the third directional control valve 30 for the boom is also switched to the right position 30a. In the state that the first directional control valve 28 for the boom has been switched to the left position 28b, the pressure oil from the first hydraulic pump 21 is returned to the reservoir via the center bypass passage in the left position 28b. This pressure oil from the first hydraulic pump 21 is, therefore, not fed to the boom cylinders 9.
The pressure oil from the second hydraulic pump 22 is fed to the rod chambers 9b of the boom cylinders 9 via the right position 29a of the second directional control valve 29 for the boom. Similarly, the pressure oil from the third hydraulic pump 23 is fed to the rod chambers 9b of the boom cylinders 9 via the right position 30a of the third directional control valve 30 for the boom. By the pressure oil from these second hydraulic pump 22 and third hydraulic pump 23, the boom cylinders contract to drive the boom cylinder 6 in a lowering direction, whereby pushing force is produced against the ground to perform the single operation of jack-up.
[Single Operation of Traveling]
When an unillustrated travel control device is manipulated to switch the directional control valve 25 for the right travel motor and the directional control valve 26 for the left travel motor, the pressure oil from the first hydraulic pump 21 and that from the second hydraulic pump 22 are fed to the right travel motor 2 and left travel motor 3 via the directional control valve 25 for the right travel motor and the directional control valve 26 for the left travel motor, respectively. The right travel motor 2 and left travel motor 3 are, therefore, actuated to drive the pair of crawler tracks, so that traveling is performed.
[Combined Operation of Traveling and Boom Raising]
When the control device 32 is manipulated in the direction of arrow A in
[Combined Operation of Traveling and Boom Raising in the Air]
When the control device 32 is manipulated in the direction of arrow A in
[Combined Operation of Traveling and Jack-Up]
When the control device 32 is manipulated in the direction of arrow A in
[Advantageous Effects of the Embodiment]
According to this embodiment constructed as described above, when the pressure in the bottom chambers 9a of the boom cylinders 9 drops to the predetermined pressure or lower in the course of a single operation of jack-up, the jack-up selector valve 31 is switched to the second select position 31b, and by a switching control of the second directional control valve 29 for the boom and the third directional control valve 30 for the boom by the control device 32, the pressure oil from the second hydraulic pump 22 and third hydraulic pump 23 is fed to the rod chambers 9b of the boom cylinders 9, whereby the single operation of jack-up can be performed. Upon performing a combined operation of traveling and jack-up, the pressure oil from the first hydraulic pump 21 and that from the second hydraulic pump 22 are fed to the right travel motor 2 and left travel motor 3, respectively, so that a traveling operation can be performed, and in addition, the pressure oil from the third hydraulic pump 23 is fed to the rod chambers 9b of the boom cylinders 9 so that a jack-up operation can be performed. A jack-up operation can, therefore, be realized by a switching control of the second directional control valve 29 for the boom and the third directional control valve 30 for the boom without arrangement of such a flow rate control valve and center bypass selector valve as described in Patent Document 1. It is, hence, possible to avoid a potential problem that in the jack-up operation, an inconvenience would otherwise arise in the timing interval between the switching time of a flow control valve and that of a center bypass selector valve when the flow control valve and center bypass selector valve are arranged. As a consequence, it is possible to inhibit a shock on the hydraulic excavator upon a jack-up operation. In addition, it is also possible to eliminate an odd feel which may be given to an operator due to a response delay upon a jack-up operation.
When a combined operation of traveling and jack-up is performed as mentioned above, the jack-up operation can be performed by feeding pressure oil from the third hydraulic pump 23 to the rod chambers 9b of the boom cylinders 9 via the third directional control valve 30 for the boom. The combined operation of traveling and jack-up can, therefore, be smoothly performed.
Upon a lowering operation of the boom 6 in the air, the pressure oil discharged from the bottom chambers 9a of the boom cylinders 9 is fed to the rod chambers 9b of the boom cylinders 9 via the regenerative circuit 28c included in the left position 28b of the first directional control valve 28 for the boom, and is regenerated there. As a consequence, the lowering operation of the boom 6 can be smoothly performed in the air.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2009-202653 | Sep 2009 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2010/064951 | 9/1/2010 | WO | 00 | 3/1/2012 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011/027791 | 3/10/2011 | WO | A |
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