The invention described in this patent application was not the subject of federally sponsored research or development.
The present invention pertains primarily to vehicles designed for transporting and then operating equipment using a hydraulic fluid flow system; more particularly, the present invention pertains to a hydraulic fluid flow management system which provides a variable flow of hydraulic fluid to operate equipment mounted on the vehicle. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that while the disclosed system and method is described in terms of its use on a self-propelled vehicle, the equipment used to implement the disclosed system and method may be mounted on a trailer, a railroad car or a stationary surface having sufficient space to accommodate hydraulic fluid flow operated equipment.
The use of a hydraulic fluid to operate hydraulic cylinders to produce linear mechanical forces and/or to cause hydraulic motors to produce rotational mechanical forces has become common particularly on commercial vehicles used in construction, service and maintenance operations. Such commercial vehicles may include dump trucks, tanker trucks, fire trucks, well service trucks, garbage trucks, snow removal trucks, construction equipment and pavement sweepers among others.
The current invention will be described in terms of its use and mounting on a pavement sweeper; however, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the disclosed system and method has utility on any type of vehicle or fixed installation whose operation depends on the flow of hydraulic fluid to hydraulic motors, hydraulic cylinders or other equipment operated by the flow of hydraulic fluid.
For many years working vehicles that carried equipment typically used a separate small auxiliary internal combustion engine or a mechanical connection to a power take-off from the transmission or drive train of the transporting vehicle to provide the needed mechanical power to operate the equipment carried by the vehicle. The next generation of working vehicles changed the power supply from a direct mechanical connection to a separate small auxiliary motor or a power take-off connection to either a combination of a mechanical connection with some combination of hydraulic fluid powered components or a system using all hydraulic fluid powered components. The prior art systems using all hydraulic fluid powered components were easily recognizable by the many tubes, fittings and connections used to manage hydraulic fluid flow. Such prior art hydraulic systems often used multiple pumps or required that one section of the hydraulically operated equipment be shut down while other sections of hydraulically operated equipment were put into use. Oftentimes it has been necessary to both carry large amounts of hydraulic fluid and to run the vehicle engine at a higher rotational speed than normal to assure that all operational systems were provided with the needed flow of hydraulic fluid.
Emission requirements in many states have now targeted limiting the use of small auxiliary internal combustion engines similar to those used to power the equipment on prior art working trucks. Accordingly, there is a need to find an alternative to the small auxiliary engines or motors used to partially or completely power the equipment carried by working trucks.
Many prior art working trucks that use hydraulic fluid flow to operate the equipment mounted on the truck use a hydraulic fluid pump that is mounted to the frame of the vehicle. One or more belts from either the engine or the transmission provide the needed rotational power to turn the pump. This frame-mounting arrangement of the pump causes two problems. First, the place on the frame for mounting the pump may include some sort of structural brace or may provide a mounting for parts to another system. Such a structural brace of mountings for other parts complicates the installation of a frame mounted pump. Secondly, the drive portion of each pump must be manually aligned with the engine or transmission. Any misalignment between the drive portion of the engine or transmission and the drive portion of the pump shortens drive belt life, creates vibrations felt in the driver's compartment, and accelerates the wear of the bearings in the pump.
Control over the volume of flow of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pump to the service equipment mounted on prior art trucks is typically done mechanically. A knob or rotating control connected to a throttle cable is made available to the driver. A gauge providing a reading indicative of the pressure of fluid flow is placed near the driver's compartment. In some prior art pavement sweepers, a hydraulic fluid pressure gauge is placed behind the driver's compartment. Thus to attain the desired setting on the fluid flow pressure gauge, the driver may have to turn around to look at the pressure gauge, then turn a knob to obtain a desired setting on a pressure gauge. The throttle cable which is mechanically attached to the knob adjusts a valve which regulates the pressure of hydraulic fluid to the service equipment on the back of the truck.
There is therefore a need in the art for a hydraulic fluid flow management system and method which is simple to use, easy to install and easy to service.
The disclosed hydraulic fluid flow management system and method of the present invention is simple to use, easy to install, and easy to service.
The disclosed hydraulic fluid flow management system and method has three subsystems.
The first subsystem is the engine mounted hydraulic fluid pump and electrically operated flow control proportioning valve combination.
The second subsystem is the hydraulic fluid flow distribution manifold assembly. This manifold assembly guides the fluid to the various locations where it is needed. For example, in a pavement sweeper, the manifold assembly guides the hydraulic fluid to a fan motor. The fan motor turns the fan responsible for creating a negative pressure at the debris pick-up head and in the hopper. This negative pressure enables debris to be sucked into the hopper through the pick-up head.
The hydraulic fluid from the manifold assembly is also directed to the hydraulic cylinders which position the debris pick-up head in relation to the surface of the pavement and the hydraulic cylinders which cause the hopper to move to a dump position when it becomes necessary to empty the collected debris from the hopper.
Yet additional hydraulic fluid from the flow distribution manifold assembly is directed to a hydraulic motor which turns a small rotating curb broom and the hydraulic cylinder which positions the small rotating curb broom with respect to the ground surface being swept.
The third subsystem is the computer operated controller and display. The computer operated controller and display sends an electrical signal to the electrically controlled flow control proportioning valve to regulate the flow of hydraulic fluid from the engine driven variable displacement hydraulic piston pump.
The computer operated controller and display is mounted in the driver's compartment, typically in or under the dashboard. The flow control portion on the face of the computer controlled display is segmented into substantially ten percent increments up to 100%. In most situations, it is expected that the driver will set the computer controlled display somewhere between 60% to 100% flow.
A still better understanding of the hydraulic fluid flow management system and method may be had by reference to the drawing figures, wherein:
As explained above the hydraulic fluid flow management system and method of the present invention may be used on a variety of different types of vehicles or in different settings. The pavement sweeper 1000 shown in
As explained above prior art systems used on a sweeper 1000 as shown in
The pavement sweeper 1000 shown in
At the very back of the equipment space is a hopper 1080 for holding the debris picked up from the pavement surface by the negative pressure at the pick-up head 1030. The hopper 1080 is made to tilt so that when the hopper is full of debris, the hopper 1080 may be positioned to enable the debris collected from the pavement surface to fall out. Such tilting of the hopper 1080 is caused by the extension of hydraulic cylinders (not shown) located underneath the hopper 1080.
As previously indicated, debris from the area of pavement being swept is lifted into the hopper 1080 by a negative pressure at the pick-up head 1030. This negative pressure is caused by a fan assembly 1050 located at the entrance to the hopper 1030. The position of the pick-up head 1030 is set to ride close to the ground surface to the enable the greatest removal of debris from the ground surface by the negative pressure at the pick-up head 1030.
Shown on the driver's side of the vehicle is a rotating curb broom assembly 1070. The rotating curb broom assembly 1070 loosens debris from the group surface and moves it toward the pick-up head 1030. Such rotation of the curb broom 1070 is caused by the rotation of a small motor. The rotating curb broom assembly 1070 is moved into a position wherein the ends of the bristles of the rotating broom will contact the ground surface being cleaned. Such location of the rotating broom 1070 is controlled by hydraulic cylinders. If desired, a second rotating curb broom assembly 1070 may be placed on the opposite side of the pavement sweeper 1000.
A still better understanding of an exemplary prior art fluid flow system 900 used on the vehicle 1000 such as that depicted in
In
In the exemplary prior art fluid flow system shown in
In many prior art systems, the nest of hoses and connections created from the implementation of the system shown in
As shown in
The variable displacement hydraulic piston pump 210 used in the preferred embodiment is made by Casappa of Parma, Italy. The flow control proportioning valve 220 is made by Hydraforce, Inc. of Lincolnshire, Ill. Unlike prior art systems, the variable displacement hydraulic piston pump 210 of the disclosed system and method is mounted directly to the engine block and cylinder head. Such mounting to the engine block and cylinder head reduces the vibration felt by the driver when a prior art hydraulic fluid pump is mounted to the frame of the vehicle. Such mounting of the variable displacement hydraulic piston pump 210 to the engine also provides extended life for the variable displacement hydraulic piston pump drive belt.
The flow of hydraulic fluid exiting the variable displacement hydraulic piston pump 210 passes through the electrically operated flow control proportioning valve 220 before entering the hoses which lead to the flow distribution manifold assembly 230 located in the equipment space behind the driver's compartment.
Within the flow distribution manifold assembly 230 is a fluid flow divider configuration. The fluid flow divider configuration assures that the needed amount of hydraulic fluid at the required pressure is provided to the motor which drives the radial turbine fan assembly 240. The hydraulic cylinders 250 which cause the hopper to tilt, the hydraulic cylinders which position the pick-up head, the hydraulic cylinder(s) which position the rotating curb broom(s) and the motor(s) which turn the rotating curb broom(s) also are placed downstream from the manifold assembly 230. All required valving is contained within the flow distribution manifold assembly 230. Thus, if there is an operational problem, a service technician does not need to troubleshoot the entire hydraulic system; rather, the modular flow distribution manifold assembly 230 is simply replaced.
Within the driver's compartment 1060 is the computer operated controller and display 260 which governs the operation of the electrically operated flow control proportioning valve 220. When the vehicle is not being used for cleaning an area of pavement, there is a switch available to the driver which places the hydraulic fluid flow management system 100 in a shut-down mode or “road mode”. The road mode saves fuel. When the vehicle arrives at a new job site, the road mode of operation is turned off and a “sweep mode” operation is initiated.
Control over the speed of the rotating curb broom assembly 1070 and the amount of negative pressure at the pick-up head 1030 is directly related to the volume of hydraulic fluid flow. To set the amount of hydraulic fluid flow, the driver is presented with a computer operated visual monitor connected to a controller 260. The visual monitor has a display resembling a bar graph as described below. The low flows of hydraulic fluid are represented by a short vertical bar as a percentage on the left side of the display and the higher flows of hydraulic fluid being represented as a longer vertical bar on the right side of the display. While normal operation is at full flow or at a substantially 100% on the bar graph display. Certain dusty conditions are better cleaned with a lower flow of hydraulic fluid such as substantially 70%.
The electrically operated flow control proportioning valve 220 is used to either increase or decrease the flow of hydraulic fluid emitted by the engine driven variable displacement hydraulic piston pump 210. As the level of flow of hydraulic fluid to the fixed displacement axial hydraulic motor 242 which turns the radial turbine fan assembly 240 increases, the pressure of the hydraulic fluid also increases. This increase in hydraulic fluid pressure increases the horsepower output, related to the quantity of hydraulic fluid flow, and the torque output, related to the flow pressure of the hydraulic fluid. Thus, the speed of the radial turbine fan assembly 240 spools up as the horsepower and torque increase.
Changes in the flow of hydraulic fluid are regulated and controlled by driver inputs to the computer operated controller and display 260 mounted in the driver's compartment 1060. As previously indicated, the computer operated controller and display 260 has two modes, a road mode and a sweep mode. The road mode is used when the vehicle is traveling between jobs and there is no need for a flow of hydraulic fluid to the equipment on the back of the vehicle. In the sweep mode hydraulic fluid is provided to the equipment on the back of the vehicle. In the road mode the electrically operated flow control proportioning valve 220 is set to 0% flow. In the sweep mode, the electrically operated flow control proportioning valve 220 is energized according to a setting established by the driver.
The logic in the computer operated controller and display 260 is programmed with a short ramp up function to prevent a sudden impact on the drive belts and engine components. The ramp up function also provides a soft start to the hydraulic fluid power management system 100 and the variable displacement hydraulic piston pump 210 mounted on the engine.
The computer operated controller and display 260 also retains a memory between the road mode and the sweep mode. This memory eliminates the need for the driver to reset the hydraulic power management system 100 each time there is a switch from road mode to sweep mode.
The computer operated controller and display 260 also controls the rate of hydraulic fluid flow increase and then converts the input signal into the vertical bar graph 262 on the drivers display where each bar represents a substantially 10% increase in the flow of hydraulic fluid as shown in
The hydraulic fluid exiting the variable displacement hydraulic piston pump 210 is directed to a flow distribution manifold assembly 230 which may be mounted in close proximity to the equipment powered by the flow of hydraulic fluid. As shown in
As may be seen in
Another key feature of the disclosed system and method are the two auxiliary hydraulic fluid power ports 260, 262. Such power ports 260, 262 enable a variety of equipment to be mounted to the disclosed sweeper. For example, a hydraulically operated positionable snow plow could be mounted to the front of the sweeper and a hydraulically operated sand spreader could be attached to the rear of the sweeper. If the sweeper is used to clean up an area following a storm, one auxiliary power port could be used to power an arm for picking up small trees or branches and loading them on to another vehicle. The other power port could be used to power a trailer mounted chipper for chopping up small trees or branches and sending the wood chips to another vehicle.
As shown in
The disclosed system and method provides the following advantages:
While the disclosed system and method has been explained according to the illustrated embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that numerous other embodiments and modifications thereof may be made without departing from the disclosed system and method. Such other embodiments and modifications shall be included within the scope and meaning of the appended claims.
This application claims the benefit of Provisional U.S. Patent Application No. 61/211,098 filed Mar. 26, 2009.
Number | Date | Country | |
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61211098 | Mar 2009 | US |