The present invention refers to a hydraulic machine according to the identifying section of claim 1. Machines of this known type are relatively complicated, having an efficiency that can still be increased and can operate only as a pump or a turbine.
The object of the present invention is that of perfecting a hydraulic machine of the known type.
This object is achieved by a hydraulic machine with the characteristics of the identifying section of claim 1. The machine consists of the following components:
- a) the two identical rotors R1 and R2, to which the identical tubular circuits (C1, C2) and (C3, C4 are attached respectively;
- b) an ama crankshaft imposing on R1 and R2 an equal and opposite oscillating movement by means of the piston rods b1.2 and the cranks ma1,2; the ensemble is pre-arranged in such a way that in R1 in the interval θ (0°, 90°) of ama, the right-handed force of circuit C1 is generated and in the interval θ (180°, 270°) the left-handed force applied to C2; while in R2 the force of circuits C3 and C4 is generated respectively in θ (180°,270°) and in θ (0°, 90°). The value of the force generated by the machine is proportional to the mass mc contained in each circuit R1,2; the mass can be increased by adding to each circuit Ci,j, an integer number No of turns with barycentric radius rB and with a section Sc equal to that of Ci,j-. In this way, the mass of each circuit Ci,j is equal to a mc(1+4N0). The power generated by the machine is also proportional to {dot over (θ)}3 that is to the cube of the angular speed of ama. In this way, the value of the machine power can vary from a minimum value to a very high value;
- c) for operation as a pump PO, EPO is opened and ETU is closed; for operation as a turbine, ETU is opened and EPO is closed;
- d) the power generated by the two rotors is transferred to the crankshaft ama by means of the piston rods b1 e b2
- e) the crankshaft ama (FIG. 2) as pump operating machine is connected with a motor that furnish the absorbed energy; the crankshaft ama is connected with the user of the generated energy as turbine operating machine.
Advantages of the Machine
- 1) Simple to build.
- 2) High efficiency due to the relatively low losses of its circuits.
- 3) Operation as a Pump or Turbine obtained by varying the direction of speed of the liquid.
- 4) Possible operation also with thick liquids, granulated solids and with a mixture of small size solids.
- 5) Relatively low building costs.
- 6) Possible operation also with significant power variations according to the variation of the angular rotation speed of ama without noticeable changes in efficiency.
- 7) Perfect balancing of the two rotors R1,2 and the crankshaft ama due to the machine operation, envisaging the advantage of a support frame TS put under strain only by the weight of the two rotors and of the crankshaft, as the TS is not affected by the functional strains of the machine.
Further features are shown in the claims and the following description of a preferred embodiment, depicted in the attached drawing, wherein
FIG. 1 represents schematically the circuits of a hydraulic machine according to the invention, and
FIG. 2 shows schematically the piston rods and the cranks connected to the circuits.
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION OF THE MACHINE
The machine consists of the following components:
- 1) two identical rotors R1 and R2 (FIG. 2/3) arranged on a support frame TS; the circuits C1 and C2 are attached to R1 and the circuits C3 and C4 are attached to R2;
- 2) the valve V1 opened only in θ (0°, 90°), developing the series of circuits (C1+C3) and the valve V2, opened only in θ (180°, 270°), developing the series of circuits, (C2+C4)
- 3) a crankshaft ama represented in FIG. 1 with its axis parallel to that of R1,2; to which the two cranks ma1 and ma2 are attached with the details shown in FIG. 1; the cranks ma1 and ma2 fixed to the crankshaft ama are connected respectively to the head of the piston rod b1 and b2, whose foot is connected respectively to rotors R1 and R2 at a far point r0 of the rotary axis.
The crankshaft ama causes the oscillating movement of the two rotors, whose angle of rotation φ satisfies the following equation:
φ=φo sin θ, (1)
where φ is the angle of rotation of the rotor
R1,2
By deriving (1) the angular speed of the rotor R1,2 is obtained:
{dot over (φ)}=φ0{dot over (θ)} cos θ (2)
from which the rotation speed of the active circuits Ci is obtained
VCi=φ0rB{dot over (θ)} cos θ (2)
where rB is the barycentric radius of the tubular circuit; {dot over (θ)}=2πno is the angular speed of the crankshaft ama; and no is the number of revolution/s of the latter. Deriving (3) with respect to the time and multiplying it by the mass mc contained in the circuit Ci,j the equation of the force applied to mcj can be obtained,
f
c
=−m
cφ0rB{dot over (θ)}2 sin θ (4)
Based on the above, the value of the power absorbed by the machine operating as a pump is proportional to the relation
−mcφ02rB2{dot over (θ)}3
The power of the machine increases with the cube of the rotation speed of the crankshaft ama and the increase in mass of Ci; by adding to each active circuit an integer number N0 of turns of radius rB and section Sc the total mass of Ci,j is:
m
0c
=m
c(1+4No); (5)
therefore the power absorbed by the machine operating as a pump increases with the 3 An equal but opposite value applies for operation as a turbine.
From the analysis of FIG. 1 the following important relation is derived:
(6) The crank ma1,2 of crankshaft am produces the oscillating movement of rotors R1,2, with which it is connected through crankshaft b1,2.
Patent Application
20090241529
