BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be explained in more detail in the following with reference to preferred embodiments and to associated drawings. There are shown in the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view through a rotary motor in accordance with a first preferred embodiment of the invention in which the rotor of the motor received in the housing itself forms that motor connector connectable with the elevating plant;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a hydraulic rotary motor in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the invention in which the motor connector is formed for the fastening of a elevating plant of a motor shaft to which the rotor is rigidly connected;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the ring piston with an inner and outer toothed arrangement and the rotor cooperating therewith and the housing of the rotary motors cooperating therewith from FIGS. 1 and 2;
FIG. 4 is an axial section through the rotor of the rotary motors of FIGS. 1 and 2 which shows the transverse bores in the meshing noses for the oil supply of the plain bearing surfaces;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the meshing noses of the rotor and the distributor grooves introduced therein and the transverse bores connected thereto;
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the side of the meshing noses of the rotor on the opposite side in comparison with FIG. 5 which shows the plate-like recesses introduced therein and the transverse bores connected thereto;
FIG. 7 is an axial section through the ring piston of the motors from FIGS. 1 and 2 which shows the ring piston thickness reducing toward the outer contour of the ring piston;
FIG. 8
1s a sectional view along the line A-A in FIG. 2 which shows lubrication grooves formed in the bearing cover of the housing;
FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the rotary motor in accordance with FIG. 2 which shows a relief bore between an axial bearing surface of the motor shaft and an oil leakage space between the ring piston and the housing;
FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the housing in the region of a pressure passage for the feeding of the displacement chambers for a rotary direction which shows a ring distributor passage in the housing and oil feed passages in communication therewith into which the sleeve-like inserts with infeed bores are inserted;
FIG. 11 is a sectional view of the housing similar to FIG. 10 along the line A-A in FIG. 13, with the ring distributor passages lying above one another each being made offset in wave shape in the embodiment in accordance with FIG. 11 so that the oil feed bores can be spot drilled directly into the respective ring distribution passage;
FIG. 12 is a sectional axial section through the housing cover which shows the position of the ring distribution passages from FIG. 11 and the connection of the lower ring distributor passage via a feed bore to the axial plain bearing surface of the rotor;
FIG. 13 is a sectional axial section of the housing similar to FIG. 12 which shows the connection of the upper ring distributor passage to the axial plain bearing surface at the rotor;
FIG. 14 is a schematic sectional view of the housing with a ring distributor passage in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the invention which is not open to the inner cut-out of the housing, whereby corresponding seals are no longer required;
FIG. 15 is a schematic sectional view of a rotary motor similar to FIG. 2, with here the oil supply of the plain bearing surfaces for the rotor or the shaft being fed from a pressure passage for the pressure supply of the elevating plant connectable to the rotary motor; and
FIG. 16 is a schematic sectional view of a rotary motor similar to FIG. 15, with here the rotor side loaded on tensile forces introduced from the elevating plant being fed with pressure oil from the pressure supply passage which is provided for the supply of the elevating plant attachable to the rotary motor.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The rotary motor 1 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a substantially cup-shaped housing 2 which consists in the drawn embodiment substantially of three parts, namely the motor head 3, the rotor housing ring 4 and the bearing cover 5. As FIG. 1 shows, the bearing cover 5 is set on the rotor housing ring 4 and is screwed via screw connections 6 to the radially projecting flange 7 of the motor head 3 so that an annular rotor gap 8 is formed between the bearing cover 5 and the motor head 3. The ring piston 9 is received in the said rotor gap 8 as is—radially inside this ring piston 9—the substantially likewise disk-shaped rotor 10. In more precise terms, a disk section 11 of a rotor/shaft unit is seated with an exact fit between the bearing cover 5 and the motor head 3. Shaft sections 12 and 13 are shaped in a projecting manner at both sides of the disk section 11 and their outer periphery runs with an exact fit on inner peripheral surfaces of the bearing cover 5 or of the motor head 3.
As FIG. 3 shows, the ring piston 9 is provided with an inner toothed arrangement 14 and with an outer toothed arrangement 15 and interacts therewith, on the one hand, with an outer toothed arrangement 16 of the rotor 10 and, on the other hand, with an inner toothed arrangement 17 of the rotor housing ring 4 in a manner known per se. The ring piston 9 can be driven in an orbiting gyratory manner by pressure fluid charging of the displacement chambers 18 formed between the ring piston 9 and the rotor 10 or the rotor housing ring 4, whereby said ring piston drives the rotor 10 via the toothed arrangements relative to the rotor housing ring 4 and thus to the housing 2 as is described in detail in DE 33 42 131 A1 to which reference is made in this respect.
As FIG. 1 shows, the rotary motor fully dispenses in this embodiment of the invention with a separate motor shaft which is replaced by the rotor 10. The end face 19 of the shaft section 13 of the rotor 10 exiting the housing 2 forms a motor connector 20 to which an elevating plant 21 such as an excavator grab can be attached. For this purpose, bolts 22 are provided in the rotor 10. The other motor connector 23 is formed in a manner known per se by the motor head 3 of the housing 2 with which the rotary motor 1 can be attached, for example, to the arm of an excavator.
As FIG. 1 furthermore shows, the rotor 10 is made as a ring. A rotary brake 25 in the form of a multi-disk brake is arranged in the hollow inner space 24 of the rotor 10 and does not extend axially beyond the rotor and ensures a particularly compact design of the motor. The inner peripheral surface of the rotor 10 supports, for example via a spline profile, a set of the multiple disks of the rotary brake 25 whose other set of multiple disks is rotationally fixedly supported at a sleeve-like catch piece 26 which is itself likewise fastened rotationally fixedly to the housing 2. The multiple disks of the rotary brake 25 can be pressed onto one another via a brake piston 27 in the intermediate space between the said catch piece 26 and the rotor 10 and the braking effect can hereby be effected.
As FIG. 1 shows, the rotary motor 1 dispenses fully with roller bearings. The forces and torques introduced by the elevating plant 21 are intercepted solely via the rotor 10 itself and the plain bearings supporting it at the housing 2. The rotor 10 comprises for this purpose, on the one hand, axial plain bearing surfaces 28 and 29 which are formed by the oppositely disposed flat sides of the disk section 11 of the rotor 10. On the other hand, the rotor 10 comprises radial plain bearing surfaces 30 and 31 which are formed by the outer peripheral surfaces of the shaft sections 12 and 13 of the rotor 10. It is understood that corresponding plain bearing surfaces are provided at the housing 2 which cooperate with the said axial plain bearing surfaces 28 and 29 and with radial plain bearing surfaces 30 and 31.
Roller bearings are also dispensed with in the embodiment of the rotary motor 1 shown in FIG. 2. The forces and torques introduced from the elevating plant 21 are also intercepted here solely via plain bearings. The rotor 10 is in particular also axially supported at the housing 2 here via axial plain bearing surfaces 28 and 29 on the flat sides of its disk section 11. In contrast to the embodiment of FIG. 1, the ring-shaped rotor 10 is, however, pressed onto a drive shaft 32 in this embodiment. The rotor 10 is rigidly connected to the drive shaft 32 so that both axial forces and bending torques and radial forces from the drive shaft 32 are introduced into the rotor 10 or are, vice versa, intercepted by the latter. The radial plain bearing surfaces 30 and 31 are provided in the embodiment of FIG. 2 at the shaft sections 12 and 13 of the drive shaft 32 which axially adjoin the rotor 10. Since the rotor 10 is seated on the drive shaft 32 in the embodiment of FIG. 2, it is not the rotor 10 itself which forms the motor connector for the fastening of the elevating plant. The motor connector 20 is formed by the end face 19 of the end of the drive shaft 32 exiting the housing 2 (cf. FIG. 2).
For the oil supply of the axial and radial plain bearing surfaces 28, 29, 30 and 31, various oil passages are formed in the rotor 10 and in the housing 2 through which the oil is guided in a sufficient amount to the said plain bearing surfaces.
On the one hand, such passages are provided in the rotor 10 in order to have sufficient oil on both axial plain bearing surfaces 28 and 29. As FIG. 4 shows, transverse bores 34 are provided in the meshing noses 33 of the rotor 10 which connect the axial plain bearing surface 28 on the upper side of the rotor 10 to the axial plain bearing surface 29 on the lower side of the rotor 10. Oil can thereby be guided onto the lower bearing surface from the upper side of the rotor 10. In addition, a pressure compensation or a higher pressure can be generated on the lower axial plain bearing surface 29, whereby the operating loads are compensated to a specific degree which are introduced by tensile forces via the elevating plant 21.
As FIG. 5 shows, distributor grooves 35 are provided in the axial plain bearing surface 28 on the upper side of the rotor 10 which extend approximately tangentially to the peripheral direction and are connected to the aforesaid transverse bores 34. This improves a continuous oil flow to the lower support position and a corresponding pressure build-up. In a further development of the invention, the distributor grooves 35 are made very narrow so that the axial pressure remains low. The width of the distributor grooves 35 can amount to less than 1 mm.
On the side opposite the distributor grooves 35, the transverse bores 34 passing through the meshing noses 33 open into plate-shaped recesses 36, as FIG. 6 shows. These large-area pressure pockets improve the lubrication of the lower axial plain bearing surface 29 and can support or ensure a sliding of the rotor 10 with respect to the bearing cover 5 even at higher operating loads. The axial plain bearings can hereby be relieved hydraulically against the main direction of force, i.e. the tensile forces introduced via the elevating plant 21.
It is possible by the oil supply of the axial plain bearing surfaces 28 and 29 from the inside via the said transverse bores 34 to form the outer contour of the rotor 10 and the inner contour of the ring piston 9 without chamfers or other bevels. Such bevels or slight chamfers toward the pressure chamber would likewise per se ensure a pressure supply of the plain bearing surfaces 28 and 29 and ensure a certain sliding of the rotor 10 or of the ring piston 9 in the oil bath. On the other hand, this results in a leak in the chamber region which is avoided in the sharp-edge design. Nevertheless, the inner supply of the axial plain bearing surfaces 28 and 29 via the transverse bores 34 ensures that no interruption of the oil film occurs.
The plain bearing surfaces 28 and 29 are advantageously fed via feed bores from pressure passages which are provided either for the pressure supply of the displacement chambers 18 or for the pressure supply of an attached elevating plant in the housing 2. For this purpose, ring distributor passages 37 and 38 are advantageously introduced in the motor head 3, as FIGS. 10 to 14 show, which are arranged at different vertical levels and are in each case connected to one of the oil supply passages for in each case one direction of rotation. As FIGS. 12 and 13 show, feed bores 39 and 40 lead from the said ring distributor passages 37 and 38 to the axial plain bearing surface 28. The oil led there can then be guided in the previously described manner via the transverse bores 34 formed in the meshing noses 33 to the oppositely disposed axial plain bearing surface 29.
As FIG. 10 shows, the ring distributor passages 37 to 38 on the inner peripheral surface of the housing 2 which supports the radial plain bearing surface 30 of the rotor 10 are made open toward the inner side so that they can be introduced by mechanical working and ensure a lubrication of the radial plain bearing surfaces there. Every second feed bore 39 to 40 can be connected by spot bores to the respective ring distributor passage 37 or 38 respectively. In this process, the feed bores 39 and 40 can be drilled through or into both ring distributor passages 37 and 40 and then sleeve-shaped inserts 50 can be inserted into the feed bores which have an infeed bore at a respectively matching height and thus connect the respective feed passage 39 and 40 to the desired ring distributor passage 37 or 38, cf. FIG. 10.
FIG. 11 shows an alternative embodiment of the ring distributor passages 37 to 38. Here, each ring distributor passage 37 or 38 is made in a technical casting manner such that the feed bore 39 to 40 can be directly spot drilled offset to the respective other passage. FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 show this in section. As FIG. 11 shows, the two passages each have a shaft contour offset to one another so that a respective bulge 51 of the one ring distributor passage 37 can be spot drilled without hitting the other ring distributor passage 38.
Alternatively to the inwardly open design, the ring distributor passages 37 and 38 can also be made closed completely in the interior of the housing 2, as FIG. 14 shows, e.g. by a suitable casting technology. This has the advantage that no seals have to be provided on the inner peripheral surface of the housing 2. The ring distributor passages 37 and 38 are here also advantageously made in wave shape and directly spot drilled so that the feed bores 39 and 40 communicate with the respective ring distributor passage 37 or 38.
Alternatively or additionally, a lubrication of the plain bearing surfaces can also take place from the pressure passage 41 in the housing 2 which is provided for the pressure supply of the elevating plant 21 attached to the rotary motor 1. As FIG. 15 shows, a pressure lead 42 can, for example, charge a ring space between the housing and the drive shaft 32 which thereby acts so-to-say as a piston and effects a pressure relief. The pressure lead 42 is preferably connected to the closing force pressure lead 41 so that when closing force is applied, the pressure relief is ensured.
As FIG. 9 shows, an oil supply of the plain bearing surfaces can also take place from the oil leakage space 43 which is formed between the ring piston 9 and the rotor housing ring 4. The oil leakage space 43 is advantageously charged with a relatively low pressure, which can actually serve the foaming of the oil and can be effected via control valves, but advantageously also ensures the lubrication.
The axial grooves 44 which accept the shaft sections 12 and 13 of the rotor 10 or of the drive shaft 32 are advantageously arranged offset to one another by 180—in the inner peripheral surfaces of the bearing cover 5 and/or of the motor head 3. It can thereby be achieved that an oil exchange takes place in the radial plain bearing surfaces 30 and 31 by the peripheral oil pressure.
In order also to achieve a lubrication of the ring piston 9, provision can be made in an advantageous further development of the invention, as FIG. 7 shows, that the thickness of the ring piston 9 reduces toward its outer contour. A corresponding flattening or beveling 45 ensures that oil from the oil leakage space 43 can spread over the upper side or lower side of the ring piston 9. The ring piston 9 so-to-say is flooded and is sufficiently lubricated at its upper side and lower side. In addition the parallelism and angle errors have a lower effect.
Patent Application
20080031759
