Patent Application
20180355768
The following documents are incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth: German Patent Application No. 10 2017 112 574.4, filed Jun. 8, 2017.
The invention relates to a hydraulic support element for a variable valve train of an internal combustion engine, which comprises a cylindrical pot-shaped housing and a hollow cylindrical piston that is guided so that it can move axially in this housing and whose inner end is supported by a compression spring on the base wall of the housing, whose outer end tops the outer edge of the housing and is constructed as a hemispherical bearing head, and whose interior is divided into an inner supply pressure space and an outer switching pressure space, wherein the supply pressure space can be connected by inlet openings in the cylindrical side walls of the housing and the piston to a cylinder head side supply pressure line and can be connected by a non-return valve to a high-pressure space surrounded between the inner end of the piston and the base wall of the housing, and in which the switching pressure space can be connected by inlet openings in the cylindrical side walls of the housing and the piston with a cylinder head side switching pressure line and by a central hole formed in the bearing head to a rocker arm side switching pressure channel.
Hydraulic support elements are used in valve trains of internal combustion engines in which the gas exchange valves, such as intake and outlet valves, are actuated by the cam of a camshaft by rocker arms. The rocker arms are connected at one end to the outer end of the valve shaft of at least one gas exchange valve and are supported on the cylinder head so that they can pivot at the other end on the same side by means of a hydraulic support element. Between its two ends, the rocker arms each contact at least one cam of a camshaft on the side facing away from the gas exchange valve and the support element. When the camshaft rotates, the rocker arms are pivoted according to the stroke contour of the cam about the bearing on the corresponding support element in the direction toward the gas exchange valve or under the effect of the valve springs in the opposite direction, whereby the relevant gas exchange valves are opened or closed.
In the hydraulic support elements there is an integrated device for the automatic equalization of a possibly present valve lash between the allocated cams of the camshaft and the valve shaft of the allocated gas exchange valve. When the support element is loaded, its piston is pressed axially into the housing of the support element, whereby a high pressure is established in the high-pressure space, by which the non-return valve is held closed and a rigid connection between the piston and the housing is formed in connection with the incompressible engine oil located in the high-pressure space. When the load is removed from the support element, its piston is pressed by the compression spring axially out of the housing and in this way an empty clearance in the valve train is compensated. Here, in the high-pressure space, a vacuum pressure is set, by which the non-return valve is opened, so that engine oil can flow out of the supply pressure space into the high-pressure space for equalizing leakage losses.
In the installed state, each support element is typically inserted into an essentially vertically aligned supporting hole of a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine. A supply pressure line of a supply oil gallery opens axially on the inside into the respective supporting hole. The supply storage space of the piston is thus in connection with this cylinder head side supply pressure line via the axially inner inlet openings in the cylindrical side walls of the housing and the piston, so that engine oil escaping from the high-pressure space due to leakage can be replaced from the supply pressure space.
In the present case, the internal combustion engine has a variable valve train in which valve strokes can be shut down or shifted by hydraulically switchable rocker arms. For transferring the engine oil that acts as a switching oil and is alternately essentially not pressurized or under a high switching pressure depending on the current switching state, a switching pressure line of a switching oil gallery opens axially farther outside in the respective supporting hole. The switching pressure space of the piston is thus connected on one side via the axial outer inlet openings in the cylindrical side walls of the piston and the housing to this cylinder head side switching pressure line and on the other side via a central bore in the bearing head of the piston to a switching pressure channel arranged in the associated rocker arm. Because the engine oil located in the supply pressure space and the engine oil located in the switching pressure space of a hydraulic support element fulfill different functions and can have different pressure values, these pressure spaces located within the interior of the piston are usually separated from each other by a partition element. A known construction of a dual-flow hydraulic support element is described, for example, in DE 103 30 510 A1.
Typically, both the supply oil gallery and also the switching oil gallery are connected to an oil supply system of the internal combustion engine, in which there is also at least one filter element for separating harmful particles, such as oil carbon particles due to combustion as well as metal particles due to work and wear. Nevertheless, harmful particles can still enter the hydraulic support elements via the supply oil gallery and the switching oil gallery, whereby both the function of the valve lash compensation in the support elements and also the switching function in the rocker arms can be negatively affected. This relates especially to the initial commissioning of the internal combustion engine after its assembly, in which particles that have not been removed from the mechanical work on the cylinder head can enter the hydraulic support elements via the supply oil gallery and the switching oil gallery and also from these elements into the switchable rocker arms. For preventing the associated disadvantages, hydraulic support elements with installed filter elements have already been proposed.
From RU 2 231 650 C2, a single-flow hydraulic support element for a non-switchable valve train of an internal combustion engine is known, in which a filter element is arranged within the piston between two diagonally opposite inlet openings arranged in the cylindrical side wall of the piston and the non-return valve. The filter element is formed of a coupling-like arched filter screen and a ring-shaped edge connector and is fixed axially in the piston by fastening element inserted into the inlet opening. Due to its ends extending from the inlet openings of the piston and engaging in an inner ring-shaped recess in the cylindrical side wall of the housing, the fastening element of the filter element is also effective as transport protection. The assembly of the filter element within the piston, however, is relatively complicated.
In FR 2 910 529 A3, a single-flow hydraulic support element for a non-switchable valve train of an internal combustion engine is described, in which a filter element constructed as a ring filter is arranged in a first arrangement in an outer ring-shaped recess and in a second arrangement on an inner ring-shaped section in the cylindrical side wall of the housing. The ring-shaped recess and the ring-shaped section are constructed in the cylindrical side wall of the housing such that the ring filter covers the respective inlet openings of the housing. The ring filter has a closed construction on the circumferential side and consists of a cylindrical filter screen and two ring-shaped edge connectors, whereby for the assembly of the filter element, strong elongation of the ring filter is required at least in the first arrangement.
In FIG. 2, DE 10 2014 033 500 A1 shows a tappet for loading a tappet rod with an oil supply via the latter “from above.” In the supply space of its pressure piston, a filter cap is attached to a bottom side of a contact for the tappet rod.
In view of the disadvantages of the known constructions and arrangements of a filter element in a hydraulic support element, the invention is based on the problem of providing a hydraulic support element for a variable valve train of an internal combustion engine of the type named above, which is provided with at least one filter element with a favorable construction and arrangement.
This is achieved by a hydraulic support element for a variable valve train of an internal combustion engine with one or more features of the invention. Advantageous refinements are explained below and in the claims.
Accordingly, the starting point is a hydraulic support element for a variable valve train of an internal combustion engine, which has a cylindrical pot-shaped housing and a hollow cylindrical piston that is guided so that it can move axially in this housing and whose inner end is supported by a compression spring on the base wall of the housing, whose outer end extends past the outer edge of the housing and is formed as a hemispherical bearing head, and whose interior is divided into an inner supply pressure space and an outer switching pressure space, wherein the supply pressure space is connected by inlet openings in the cylindrical side walls of the housing and the piston with a cylinder head side supply pressure line and also can be connected by a non-return valve to a high-pressure space enclosed between the inner end of the piston and the base wall of the housing, and in which the switching pressure space is connected by inlet openings in the cylindrical side walls of the housing and the piston to a cylinder head side switching pressure line and also by a central hole formed in the bearing head to a rocker arm side switching pressure channel.
To prevent the entry of harmful particles into the supply pressure space and/or the switching pressure space of the piston, it is provided that the piston has a ring-shaped recess in its cylindrical side wall in the area of the inlet openings leading into the supply pressure space and/or into the switching pressure space on the outside in the radial direction, and that a filter element constructed as a circumferential side open ring filter is inserted into the ring-shaped recess of the piston with an axial positive-fit connection.
The particles introduced with the supplied engine oil via the supply pressure line and/or the switching pressure line are thus held back at the ring filter before entry into the piston of the support element, whereby the function of the valve lash compensation in the support element and the switching function in the associated rocker arm are guaranteed. Due to the circumferential side open construction of the ring filter, its assembly on the piston is simplified, because the required elastic widening of the ring filter is possible with low expenditure of force and without the risk of damage due to over-extension. Due to the axial fixing and the arrangement on the piston, the ring filter is protected both before installation of the support element in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine and also in the installed state of the support element during operation of the engine.
According to one advantageous refinement, it is provided that the ring filter has a circumferential side open cylindrical filter screen and a filter frame surrounding the filter screen, and that the filter frame has two circumferential side open ring-shaped edge connectors arranged on the axial outer edges of the filter screen, two straight edge connectors arranged on the circumferential side ends of the filter screen between the ring-shaped edge connectors, and several support connectors arranged between the ring-shaped edge connectors distributed on the circumferential side within the filter screen. Due to this construction of the filter frame, the ring filter has a high stability, and the filter screen is well protected from damage that could lead to the introduction of particles into the supply pressure space and/or the switching pressure space of the piston.
In order to guarantee a circumferential side closed filter contour of the ring filter in the assembled state, it is preferably provided that the straight edge connectors of the filter frame lie one above the other so that they can move with a sliding motion on the circumferential side due to an essentially flat radial outer recess on the radial inner edge connector and also an essentially flat radial inner recess on the radial outer edge connector in the assembled state. In addition, a positive-fit locking connection of the straight edge connectors of the ring filter is also possible.
If the number of relevant inlet openings in the cylindrical side wall of the piston is an even number, that is, e.g., two, the sum of the straight connectors acting as a common connector and counted as a single connector as well as the support connectors of the filter frame should be an odd number, in order to prevent that after the assembly of the ring filter on the piston, an edge or support connector is located randomly in front of each of the inlet openings of the piston, whereby the supply of engine oil into the supply pressure space and/or into the switching pressure space would be strongly impaired.
To simplify the assembly and to prevent damage to the ring filter due to widening during assembly, it is preferably provided that the ring-shaped edge connectors of the filter frame are each provided with essentially identical radial outer recesses that are arranged diagonally opposite the circumferential side separating gap of the ring filter. Due to the recesses, the bending stiffness of the ring-shaped edge connectors of the filter frame, it is significantly reduced there, so that this area of the filter frame functions as a bending hinge, about which the halves of the ring filter are folded for the widening required during assembly.
Because the ring filter is inserted into the outer ring-shaped recess in the cylindrical side wall of the piston with an axial positive-fit connection, due to a corresponding construction of the filter frame in the not-installed state of the support element, the piston can also be prevented from falling out of the housing and thus a polygonal ring made from wire and typically used as transport protection can be eliminated. For this purpose it is preferably provided that on the axial inner ring-shaped edge connector or on the axial outer ring-shaped edge connector of the filter frame, several projections extending outward in the radial direction are arranged distributed on the circumferential side, with these projections contacting an axial outer edge of an inner ring-shaped recess in the cylindrical side wall of the housing for an outward axial displacement of the piston.
The radial projections can be constructed as circular segment-shaped bulges of the ring-shaped edge connector arranged between the straight edge connectors and the support connectors of the filter frame.
As an alternative to this arrangement, however, the radial projections can also be constructed as support connectors formed integrally on the relevant ring-shaped edge connector adjacent to the outer straight edge connector or one of the support connectors of the filter frame.
With respect to the construction and the production of the ring filter, it can be provided that the filter screen and the filter frame of the ring filter are produced integrally as injection molded parts from a suitable plastic.
As an alternative to this arrangement, however, it is also possible that the filter screen of the ring filter is made from a wire or fiber mesh and that the filter screen is injection molded with a suitable plastic for forming the filter frame in an injection molding process.
It can be easily understood with the knowledge of the invention that the construction and arrangement of a filter element according to the invention can also be used for a single-flow hydraulic support element for a non-switchable valve train of an internal combustion engine.
Drawings with two embodiments are provided for further illustrating the invention. Shown in the drawings are:
Below, the construction and arrangement of a filter element 30, 30′ according to the invention is explained using a dual-flow hydraulic support element 2 for a variable valve train of an internal combustion engine in two embodiments. Because the structure and the function of a dual-flow hydraulic support element is known, for example, from DE 103 30 510 A1, the figures and their description are limited to the construction and arrangement of the respective filter element 30, 30′.
In
In the outer ring-shaped recess 20 of the piston 16, a filter element 30 constructed as an open ring filter on the circumferential side is inserted with an axial positive-fit connection. The particles introduced via the cylinder head side switching pressure line with the supplied engine oil are thus held back at the ring filter 30 before entry into the switching pressure space 26, whereby the switching function in the associated rocker arm is guaranteed. Due to the circumferential side open construction of the filter element 30, its assembly on the piston 16 is possible by an elastic widening of the ring filter 30 in a simple way and without the risk of damage to the ring filter 30.
In the perspective view of
The radial inner straight edge connector 42 is provided with an essentially flat radial outer recess 44 and the radial outer straight edge connector 46 with an essentially flat radial inner recess 48, so that the straight edge connectors 42, 46 of the filter frame 36 lie one above the other so that they can move in a sliding motion on the circumferential side in the installed state. With the straight edge connectors 42, 46 acting as a common connector and counted as a single connector, as well as the two support connectors 50 of the filter frame 36, the total number of axial connectors is three, whereby it is prevented that after the assembly of the ring filter 30 on the piston 16, an edge connector 42, 46 or support connector 50 is located randomly in front of each of the two inlet opening 22 of the piston 16, whereby the supply of engine oil from the cylinder head side switching pressure line into the switching pressure space 26 would be strongly negatively affected.
The ring-shaped edge connectors 38, 40 of the filter frame 36 are each provided with an essentially identical radial outer recess 52, 54 that are arranged diagonally opposite the circumferential-side partition gap 32 of the ring filter 30. Due to the two recesses 52, 54, the bending stiffness of the ring-shaped edge connectors 38, 40 of the filter frame 36 is significantly reduced there, so that this area of the filter frame 36 functions as a bending hinge, about which the halves of the ring filter 30 are folded during widening movements due to installation.
On the axial inner ring-shaped edge connector 38 of the filter frame 36 there are projections 56 that extend outward in the radial direction and are distributed on the circumferential side and contact an axial outer edge 14 of a radial inner ring-shaped recess 12 in the cylindrical side wall 6 of the housing 4 for an axial displacement of the piston 8 outward in the axial direction. Due to these projections 56 on the filter frame 36 of the ring filter 30, in the not installed state of the support element 2, the piston 16 is prevented from falling out of the housing 4 and thus a polygonal ring made from wire that is typically used as transport protection can be eliminated.
In the first embodiment of the ring filter 30 shown in
In
The filter screen 34 and the filter frame 36, 36′ of the ring filter 30, 30′ can be produced integrally from a suitable plastic as an injection molded part. However, it is also possible that the filter screen 34 of the ring filter 30, 30′ is made from a wire or fiber mesh, and that a suitable plastic is molded around the filter screen 34 for forming the filter frame 36, 36′ in an injection molding process.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 102017112574.4 | Jun 2017 | DE | national |
