The present invention relates to a fluid system, and particularly to a hydraulic circuit with a piston pump and an open center valve.
Many traditional hydraulic circuit systems use a gear pump with a closed center valve. A need has been felt, in some applications, for a more efficient and flexible hydraulic circuit system.
The present invention includes providing pressurized flow from a piston pump to an open center valve, among other purposes. In one illustrative embodiment, this pressurized flow is provided at a flow rate that is selectable from a range that is continuously variable from zero flow to a preselected maximum, e.g. the flow limit of the preselected piston pump. This continuous variability improves cycle times, for instance for attachment lift or tilt cycle times, and allows selectable flow to each of one or more attachments, in one illustrative embodiment. The flow can also be reduced to zero when there are no functions demanding it, thereby saving power and improving cooling. The piston pump may be controlled electronically instead of with load sense signals, in one illustrative embodiment.
The present invention is useful in a variety of applications, including in a power machine of the types useful for utility, industrial, commercial, logistical, and agricultural purposes, for example.
The present invention includes one illustrative embodiment that relates to a system that includes a piston pump, an open center valve, and an electronic controller. The piston pump is configured to provide a pressurized flow, such as to the open center valve. The open center valve is fluidly coupled to the piston pump, and configured thereby to receive the pressurized flow from the piston pump. The electronic controller is electrically connected to the piston pump. The electronic controller is also configured to receive operator input and to electronically control the piston pump, responsively to the input, to provide the pressurized flow to the first open center valve at a flow rate that is selectable from a range that is continuously variable from zero flow to a preselected maximum.
Another illustrative embodiment pertains to a fluid system that includes a piston pump, an open center valve, and a means for electronically controlling the piston pump. The piston pump is configured to provide a pressurized flow. The open center valve is fluidly coupled to the piston pump, and configured thereby to receive the pressurized flow from the piston pump. The means for electronically controlling the piston pump controls it responsively to operator input, to provide the pressurized flow to the open center valve. It provides the pressurized flow at a flow rate that is selectable from a range that is continuously variable from zero flow to a preselected maximum.
Yet another illustrative embodiment pertains to a power machine that includes a frame, a plurality of ground engaging members, an engine, a piston pump, an open center valve, and an electronic controller. The plurality of ground engaging members, such as wheels or tracks, for example, support the frame. The engine is operably connected to the ground engaging members. The piston pump is connected to the frame, and is driven by the engine. The open center valve is connected to the frame, and fluidly coupled to the piston pump. The open center valve is thereby configured to receive a pressurized flow from the piston pump. The electronic controller is electrically connected to the piston pump. The electronic controller electronically controls the piston pump to provide the pressurized flow to the open center valve at a flow rate that is selectable from a range that is continuously variable from zero flow to a preselected maximum.
In this illustrative embodiment, electronic controller 16 is electrically connected to piston pump 12, and to open center valve 14, via signal-carrying electrical connections 20. Electronic controller 16 is configured to receive operator input, and to electronically control the piston pump 12 responsively to that operator input. Electronic controller 16 thereby electronically controls piston pump 12 to provide the pressurized flow to open center valve 14, in this illustrative embodiment. Other embodiments may include other means for electronically controlling the piston pump, responsively to operator input, to provide the pressurized flow to the open center valve 14 at a flow rate that is selectable from a range that is continuously variable from zero flow to a preselected maximum. For example, the preselected maximum is the flow limit of the preselected piston pump 12, in this illustrative embodiment.
In this illustrative embodiment, electronic controller 16 controls piston pump 12 to provide the pressurized flow at a flow rate that is selectable from a range that is continuously variable from zero flow to a preselected maximum. The flow rate is continuously variable in that the flow rate can be selected freely from a continuum of optional rates, the continuum of flow rates being bounded on one side by zero and on the other side by the maximum flow of which piston pump 12 is capable.
By allowing the option of any flow rate being selectable from a continuum of available flow rates, including any rate down to zero, the system of
In one alternative embodiment consistent with the system 10 of
The embodiment of system 10 in
To illustrate an operation of system 10, if the open center valve 14 is shifted to the left, as seen in
System 110 also includes second and third open center valves 142, 192, and second and third actuators 144, 192. The second and third open center valves 142, 192 are fluidly coupled to the piston pump 112 downstream of the first open center valve 114. Second and third open center valves 142, 192 are fluidly coupled to piston pump 112 via fluid coupling 118, farther downstream along fluid coupling 118 than first open center valve 114. The second and third open center valves 142, 192 are thereby also configured to receive the pressurized flow from the piston pump 112. The second and third actuators 144, 194 are, illustratively, fluid cylinders in this embodiment. The second actuator 144 is fluidly coupled to the second open center valve 142, while the third actuator 194 is fluidly coupled to the third open center valve 192. The second and third open center valves 142, 192 are thereby configured to provide the pressurized flow selectively to the second and third actuators 144, 194 respectively, in a manner analogously to that of the open center valve 14 and actuator 26 in the embodiment of
In one illustrative embodiment, the pressurized flow is provided from piston pump 112 at a flow rate that is selectable from a range that is continuously variable from zero flow to a preselected maximum. The piston pump 112 may be controlled electronically, responsively to operator input instead of with load sense signals, in one illustrative embodiment. The preselected maximum of the range of flow rates may be, for example, the flow limit of the preselected piston pump. In another embodiment, the preselected maximum may include both the flow limit of piston pump 112 as well as the contribution of an auxiliary gear pump, for example, as discussed further below. The continuous variability of the flow rate allows selectable flow to each of actuators 126, 144, 194 and improves cycle times for each selected actuator among actuators 126, 144, 194 by increasing flow to one of actuators 126, 144, 194 when desired, in one illustrative embodiment. The flow to any of actuators 126, 144, 194 can also be reduced to zero when there are no functions demanding it, thereby saving power and improving cooling.
Power machine 200 also includes fluid system 210, as seen in a simplified depiction in cutaway section 201. Engine 248 is part of fluid system 210 and is operably configured to provide power to the wheels 246, such as through a transmission and other known means, to power the motion of power machine 200. Engine 248 is also operably configured to provide power to a piston pump 212 comprised in fluid system 210.
Operator cab 228 is situated on frame 232 and is configured for an operator to sit within. Operator interface 222 is disposed within operator cab 228, and includes joystick 224. Operator interface 222 is electrically connected to electronic controller 216 via signal-carrying electrical line 227.
Fluid system 210 includes components analogous to those discussed above with relation to system 10 of
System 202 also includes first actuator 292 and second actuator 294, analogous to actuator 26 of system 10 as described above. For example, first actuator 292 is fluidly coupled to first open center valve 214, via fluid lines 254, 256 coupled to ports 260, 262 respectively on first actuator 292. First open center valve 214 is thereby configured to provide the pressurized flow selectively to the first actuator 292, in this embodiment. Similarly, second actuator 294 is fluidly coupled to second open center valve 215, via fluid lines 255, 257 coupled to ports 261, 263 respectively on second actuator 294. Second open center valve 215 is thereby configured to provide the pressurized flow selectively to the second actuator 294.
First actuator 292 and second actuator 294 are hydraulic fluid cylinders, in this illustrative embodiment. Other embodiments may include other types of actuators, such as pneumatic cylinders driven by a fluid system incorporating pneumatic components, for example. First actuator 292 and second actuator 294 are mounted between the mechanical arms 234 and the bucket attachment 238. Bucket attachment 238 is tiltably mounted on mechanical arms 234 about pivot joints 226, which are connected to each other by pivot crossbar 228. In this embodiment, attachment plate 239 is directly attached to mechanical arms 234 and actuators 292, 294, and bucket attachment 238 is mounted on attachment plate 239, thereby effecting bucket attachment 238 being tiltably mounted on mechanical arms 234 about pivot joints 226. Attachment plate 239 in itself is also an illustrative attachment member tiltably mounted on mechanical arms 234. Still other types of attachment members, such as planers, backhoes, or dozer blades, for example, can be similarly tiltably mounted on mechanical arms 234, in various embodiments. The pressurized flow to the first actuator 292 and second actuator 294, as controlled by open center valves 214 and 215, respectively, drives the bucket attachment 238 selectively to tilt one way or the other about pivot joints 226.
Similarly, following the depiction in
In another embodiment, a single open center valve may be used to supply the flow to both actuators 292, 294 mounted between mechanical arms 234 and bucket attachment 238, while another single open center valve may be used to supply the flow to both actuator 291 and its corresponding actuator (not depicted) mounted between frame 232 and mechanical arms 234. In still another embodiment, a fluid system could include only a single actuator fluidly coupled to an open center valve. The one actuator may be tiltably mounted on a pair of mechanical arms, or a single mechanical arm, in various embodiments. Similarly, a single open center valve may be used to supply flow to a pair of actuators mounted between a frame and a pair of mechanical arms, or between a frame and a single, unpaired mechanical arm, to drive the mechanical arms or arm selectively to lift or lower about the pivot joints, in various embodiments.
The selective tilting of bucket attachment 238 about pivot joints 226, and the selective lifting and lowering of mechanical arms 234 about the pivot joints 236, are selective in that an operator selects when and how to tilt, lift and lower, respectively, in this illustrative embodiment. The operator may selectively manipulate operator interface 222, such as by manipulating joystick 224, to send control signals along signal-carrying electrical connection 227 to electronic controller 216, in this illustrative embodiment. Electronic controller 216 is thereby configured to receive the operator input through operator interface 222, in this illustrative embodiment. Electronic controller 216 is also electrically connected to piston pump 213 and to open center valves 204, 205, 214 and 215, in this illustrative embodiment. Electronic controller 216 is thereby configured to provide the pressurized flow from piston pump 212 to open center valves 204, 205, 214 and 215 responsively to the input from the operator, in this illustrative embodiment. The flow rate, at which the electronic controller is configured to provide the pressurized flow to open center valves 204, 205, 214 and 215, is selectable from a range that is continuously variable from zero flow to a preselected maximum, in this illustrative embodiment. The maximum is preselected in that the piston pump 212 was selected with a specific, rated maximum flow rate, and was selected for inclusion in system 202 previous to normal operation by an operator, in this illustrative embodiment. The continuous variability of the available flow rates improves cycle times, for instance for attachment lift or tilt cycle times, and allows selectable flow to each of one or more actuators, such as actuators 291 (and its corresponding actuator), 292 and 294, for example. The flow can also be reduced to zero when there are no functions demanding it, thereby saving power and improving cooling.
In another illustrative embodiment, a fluid system includes one or more additional open center valves, beyond open center valves 204, 205, 214 and 215, and one or more additional corresponding actuators, beyond actuators 291 (and its corresponding actuator), 292 and 294. In such an embodiment, the additional open center valves may also be fluidly coupled to the piston pump 212, and configured thereby to receive the pressurized flow from the piston pump 212. An illustrative one of the additional actuators may be fluidly coupled to a corresponding one of the additional open center valves, so that the additional open center valve is configured to provide the pressurized flow from the piston pump 212 selectively to the corresponding additional actuator. In another illustrative embodiment, such a fluid system may include other valve types that do not correspond to the illustrative open center valves 214, 242 as disclosed herein, and may further include additional actuators that receive the pressurized flow from fluid pump 212 through such other valve types, for example. This illustrative embodiment may also include an auxiliary attachment, in addition to the attachment member 238. The auxiliary attachment could be another bucket, a shovel, or a hammer, for example. One of the additional actuators may be mounted to the auxiliary attachment, in this embodiment, such that the pressurized flow to the respective additional actuator selectively drives the auxiliary attachment within a range of motion, such as a degree of lift or tilt, for example.
In another illustrative embodiment, a fluid system includes a second pump, fluidly coupled to valve block 213 and open center valves 204, 205, 214 and 215, or additional open center valves. In this illustrative embodiment, the second pump may be configured to provide a pressurized flow to the open center valves 204, 205, 214 and 215. For example, one embodiment may include a gear pump, in addition to the piston pump, disposed to pressurize a flow going into piston pump 212, thereby increasing the maximum flow rate available, such as the preselected maximum flow rate. The gear pump would thereby further contribute to providing the pressurized flow to open center valves 204, 205, 214 and 215.
System 510 further includes additional advantageous components useful for some applications of various embodiments, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art from
The piston pump 512 of system 510 is configured to provide a pressurized flow along fluid coupling 518, leading through open center valves 514, 542 and 592, to downstream fluid coupling 546, to pressurized inlet 530, and back to piston pump 512. Open center valves 514, 542 and 592 are thereby fluidly coupled to piston pump 512, and configured thereby to receive the pressurized flow from piston pump 512, in this illustrative embodiment. Electronic controller 516 is electrically connected to operator interface 522, piston pump 512, and open center valves 514, 542 and 592, via signal-carrying electrical connections 520. Electronic controller 516 is thereby configured to receive operator input from operator interface 522, such as a signal generated by proportional angular displacement of joystick 524. Electronic controller 516 is configured to electronically control piston pump 512 responsively to the operator input thus received from operator interface 522, to provide the pressurized flow to open center valves 514, 542 and 592. Electronic controller 516 is configured to provide this flow at a flow rate that is selectable from a range that is continuously variable from zero to a preselected maximum, such as described above.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.