Claims
- 1. A hydrocarbon skeletal isomerization process which comprises:
- a. contacting an isomerizable hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of acyclic paraffin and naphthene under isomerization conditions with a catalyst produced by (1) heating an active alumina-supported Pt, Ir, Os, Ru, Rh, or Pd metal catalyst to a temperature of greater than 1200.degree. F. in an atmosphere selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, hydrogen, and mixtures of nitrogen and hydrogen; (2) holding said heated catalyst in said atmosphere at said temperature of greater than 1200.degree. F. for at least 10 minutes; (3) contacting said catalyst at said temperature of greater than 1200.degree. F. with a dry activating gas comprising a halosilane selected from the group consisting of chlorosilanes and bromosilanes for a time sufficient to incorporate a halide content to the catalyst and to increase the activity of the catalyst, said contacting step (3) being carried out in the absence of air; (4) cooling said halosilane contacted catalyst of step (3), and
- b. recovering an isomerized hydrocarbon from step (a).
- 2. A process according to claim 1 wherein said hydrocarbon is n-butane.
- 3. A process according to claim 1 wherein said isomerization conditions are a temperature of 100.degree. to 600.degree. F. under pressure of atmospheric to 1500 psig and wherein said process is carried out at a liquid hourly space velocity of 0.1 to 15 volumes of liquid charged per volume of catalyst.
- 4. A process according to claim 3 wherein said hydrocarbon is n-butane.
- 5. A hydrocarbon skeletal isomerization process which comprises:
- a. contacting an isomerizable hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of acyclic paraffin and naphthene under isomerization conditions with an active alumina-supported Pt, Ir, Os, Ru, Rh, or Pd metal catalyst activated by (1) passing a dry activating gas comprising a halosilane through a bed of alumina at a temperature of greater than 1200.degree. F.; (2) passing the effluent from said alumina bed of step (1) directly into contact with said alumina-supported metal catalyst which is also at a temperature of greater than 1200.degree. F. for a time sufficient to incorporate a halide content to the catalyst and to increase the activity of the catalyst; (3) cooling said halosilane-contacted catalyst of step (2), and;
- b. recovering an isomerized hydrocarbon from step (a).
- 6. A process according to claim 5 wherein said hydrocarbon is n-butane.
- 7. A process according to claim 5 wherein said isomerization conditions are a temperature of 100.degree. to 600.degree. F. under pressure of atmospheric to 1500 psig and wherein said process is carried out at a liquid hourly space velocity of 0.1 to 15 volumes of liquid charged per volume of catalyst.
- 8. A process according to claim 7 wherein said hydrocarbon is n-butane.
- 9. A hydrocarbon skeletal isomerization process which comprises:
- a. contacting an isomerizable hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of acyclic paraffin and naphthene under isomerizaton conditions with an active alumina-supported Pt, Ir, Os, Ru, Rh, or Pd metal catalyst activated by (1) heating said catalyst to a temperature of greater than 1200.degree. F. in an atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen; (2) holding said heated catalyst at said temperature in a hydrogen atmosphere in the substantial absence of nitrogen for a time of at least 10 minutes; (3) contacting said heated catalyst of step (2) with a dry activating gas comprising a chlorosilane to incorporate chlorine as chloride ion to said catalyst; (4) cooling said catalyst of step (3) to a temperature of 1100.degree. F. in the presence of hydrogen and the absence of nitrogen; (5) cooling said catalyst of step (4) in the presence of nitrogen and hydrogen, and
- b. recovering an isomerized product from step (a).
- 10. A process according to claim 9 wherein said hydrocarbon is n-butane.
- 11. A process according to claim 9 wherein said isomerization conditions are a temperature of 100.degree. to 600.degree. F. under pressure of atmospheric to 1500 psig and wherein said process is carried out at a liquid hourly space velocity of 0.1 to 15 volumes of liquid charged per volume of catalyst.
- 12. A process according to claim 11 wherein said hydrocarbon is n-butane.
- 13. A hydrocarbon hydrocracking process which comprises:
- a. contacting a hydrocarbon under hydrocracking conditions with an active alumina-supported Pt, Ir, Os, Ru, Rh, or Pd metal catalyst activated by (1) heating said catalyst to a temperature of greater than 1200.degree. F. in an atmosphere selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, hydrogen, and mixtures of nitrogen and hydrogen; (2) holding said heated catalyst in said atmosphere at said temperature of greater than 1200.degree. F. for at least 10 minutes; (3) contacting said heated catalyst of step (2) at said temperature of greater than 1200.degree. F. with a dry activating gas comprising a halosilane selected from the group consisting of chlorosilanes and bromosilanes for a time sufficient to incorporate a halide content to the catalyst and to increase the activity of the catalyst, said contacting step (3) being carried out in the absence of air; (4) cooling said halosilane-contacted catalyst of step (3), and
- b. recovering a hydrocracked product from step (a).
- 14. A hydrocarbon hydrocracking process which comprises:
- a. contacting a hydrocarbon under hydrocracking conditions with an active alumina-supported Pt, Ir, Os, Ru, Rh, or Pd metal catalyst activated by (1) passing a dry activating gas comprising a halosilane through a bed of alumina at a temperature of greater than 1200.degree. F.; (2) passing the effluent from said alumina bed of step (1) directly into contact with said alumina supported metal catalyst which is also at a temperature of greater than 1200.degree. F. for a time sufficient to incorporate a halide content to the catalyst and to increase the activity of the catalyst; (3) cooling said halosilane contacted catalyst of step (2), and
- b. recovering a hydrocracked product from step (a).
- 15. A hydrocarbon hydrocracking process which comprises:
- a. contacting a hydrocarbon under hydrocracking conditions with an active alumina-supported Pt, Ir, Os, Ru, Rh, or Pd metal catalyst activated by (1) heating said catalyst to a temperature of greater than 1200.degree. F. in an atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen; (2) holding said heated catalyst in said atmosphere at said temperature in a hydrogen atmosphere in the substantial absence of nitrogen for a time of at least 10 minutes; (3) contacting said heated catalyst of step (2) with a dry activating gas comprising a chlorosilane to incorporate chlorine as chloride ion to said catalyst; (4) cooling said catalyst of step (3) to a temperature of 1100.degree. F. in the presence of hydrogen and the absence of nitrogen; (5) cooling said catalyst of step (4) in the presence of nitrogen and hydrogen, and
- b. recovering a hydrocracked product from step (a).
- 16. The process of according to claim 1 wherein HCl is used in conjunction with said halosilane.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This is a continuation-in-part of copending application Ser. No. 546,819, filed Feb. 3, 1975 now U.S. Pat. No. 3,993,594.
US Referenced Citations (4)
Continuation in Parts (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
546819 |
Feb 1975 |
|