1. Field of the Invention
The present invention generally relates to fluid coupling devices; and more particularly to a hydrokinetic torque converter, and a method for making the same.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Typically, a hydrokinetic torque converter includes an impeller wheel, a turbine wheel, a stator (or reactor) fixed to a casing of the torque converter, and a one-way clutch for restricting a rotational direction of the stator to one direction. The turbine wheel is integral or operatively connected with a hub linked in rotation to a driven shaft, which is itself linked to an input shaft of a transmission of a vehicle. The casing of the torque converter generally includes a front cover and an impeller shell which together define a fluid filled chamber. Impeller blades are fixed to the impeller shell within the fluid filled chamber to define the impeller wheel. The turbine wheel and the stator are also disposed within the chamber, both the turbine wheel and the stator being relatively rotatable with respect to the front cover and the impeller shell. The turbine wheel includes a turbine shell with a plurality of turbine blades fixed to one side of the turbine shell facing the impeller blades of the impeller wheel.
The turbine works together with the impeller wheel, which is linked in rotation to the casing that is linked in rotation to a driving shaft driven by an internal combustion engine. The stator is interposed axially between the turbine and the impeller, and is mounted so as to rotate on the driven shaft with the interposition of the one-way clutch.
Current hydrokinetic torque converters and methods for assembling thereof are quite complex, cumbersome and expensive. Therefore, while conventional hydrokinetic torque converters, including but not limited to that discussed above, have proven to be acceptable for vehicular driveline applications and conditions, improvements that may enhance their performance and cost are possible.
According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a hydrokinetic torque converter, comprising an impeller wheel rotatable about a rotational axis, and a turbine wheel rotatable about the rotational axis and disposed axially opposite to the impeller wheel. The turbine wheel is coaxially aligned with and drivable by the impeller wheel. The impeller wheel includes a concave impeller shell, an impeller core ring and a plurality of impeller blades disposed between the impeller shell and the impeller core ring. The impeller blades are fixedly secured to the impeller core ring. The turbine wheel includes a concave turbine shell, a turbine core ring and a plurality of turbine blades disposed between the turbine shell and the turbine core ring. The turbine blades are fixedly secured to said turbine core ring. Each of at least one of the turbine blades and the impeller blades has a rear crimped portion fixedly securing each of one of the turbine blades and the impeller blades to the core ring of corresponding one of the turbine wheel and the impeller wheel by said rear crimped portion.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hydrokinetic torque converter, comprising an impeller wheel rotatable about a rotational axis, and a turbine wheel rotatable about the rotational axis and disposed axially opposite to said impeller wheel. The turbine wheel is coaxially aligned with and drivable by the impeller wheel. The turbine wheel includes a concave turbine shell, a turbine core ring and a plurality of turbine blades disposed between the turbine shell the said turbine core ring. The turbine blades are fixedly secured to the turbine core ring. Each of the turbine blades has a rear crimped portion fixedly securing each of the turbine blades to the turbine core ring of the turbine wheel by the rear crimped portion. Each of the turbine blades also has at least one front crimped portion fixedly securing each of the turbine blades to the turbine shell of the turbine wheel by the at least one front crimped portion.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for assembling a hydrokinetic torque converter. The method involves the steps of providing a substantially annular con cave impeller shell or a substantially annular concave turbine shell, providing a substantially annular impeller core ring or a substantially annular turbine core ring, providing an impeller blade or a turbine blade, and crimping a rear portion of the impeller blade or the turbine blade so as to form a rear crimped portion fixedly securing the impeller blade or the turbine blade to corresponding one of the impeller core ring and the turbine core ring.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for assembling a hydrokinetic torque converter. The method involves the steps of providing a substantially annular concave turbine shell, a substantially annular turbine core ring and a turbine blade, crimping a front portion of said turbine blade so as to form a front crimped portion fixedly securing the turbine blade to the impeller shell, and crimping a rear portion of the turbine blade so as to form a rear crimped portion fixedly securing the turbine blade to the turbine core ring.
Other aspects of the invention, including apparatus, devices, systems, converters, processes, and the like which constitute part of the invention, will become more apparent upon reading the following detailed description of the exemplary embodiments.
The accompanying drawings are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification. The drawings, together with the general description given above and the detailed description of the exemplary embodiments and methods given below, serve to explain the principles of the invention. The objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from a study of the following specification when viewed in light of the accompanying drawings, in which like elements are given the same or analogous reference numerals and wherein:
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments and methods of the invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters designate like or corresponding parts throughout the drawings. It should be noted, however, that the invention in its broader aspects is not limited to the specific details, representative devices and methods, and illustrative examples shown and described in connection with the exemplary embodiments and methods.
This description of exemplary embodiments is intended to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings, which are to be considered part of the entire written description. In the description, relative terms such as “horizontal,” “vertical,” “up,” “down,” “upper”, “lower”, “right”, “left”, “top” and “bottom” as well as derivatives thereof (e.g., “horizontally,” “downwardly,” “upwardly,” etc.) should be construed to refer to the orientation as then described or as shown in the drawing figure under discussion. These relative terms are for convenience of description and normally are not intended to require a particular orientation. Terms concerning attachments, coupling and the like, such as “connected” and “interconnected,” refer to a relationship wherein structures are secured or attached to one another either directly or indirectly through intervening structures, as well as both movable or rigid attachments or relationships, unless expressly described otherwise. The term “operatively connected” is such an attachment, coupling or connection that allows the pertinent structures to operate as intended by virtue of that relationship. Additionally, the word “a” and “an” as used in the claims means “at least one” and the word “two” as used in the claims means “at least two”.
A hydrokinetic torque coupling device is generally represented in the accompanying drawings by reference numeral 10, as best shown in
The hydrokinetic torque converter 14 comprises an impeller wheel 16, a turbine wheel 18, and a reactor (or stator) 20 interposed axially between the impeller wheel 16 and the turbine wheel 18. The turbine wheel 18 is non-rotatably secured to a hub member 22 by any appropriate means, such as by rivets 21 or welding. The hub member 22 is non-rotatably attached to the driven shaft with splines 23. The hub member 22 is rotatable about the axis X and is coaxial with the driven shaft so as to center the turbine wheel 18 on the driven shaft.
The impeller wheel 16 includes a substantially annular, semi-toroidal (or concave) impeller shell 24 formed integrally with a front side wall of the casing 12, a substantially annular impeller core ring 26, and a plurality of impeller blades (or vanes) 28 non-movably (i.e., fixedly) secured between the impeller shell 24 and the core ring 26 of the impeller wheel 16.
The turbine wheel 18 includes a substantially annular, semi-toroidal (or concave) turbine shell 30, a substantially annular turbine core ring 32, and a plurality of turbine blades (or vanes) 34 non-movably (i.e., fixedly) secured between the turbine shell 30 and the core ring 32 of the turbine wheel 18. The turbine shell 30 is made by press-forming from a sheet metal material.
The stator 20 is rotatably mounted to stator shaft (not shown) through a one-way (or overrunning) clutch 40. The one-way clutch 40 permits rotation of the stator 20 in one direction only. The stator 20 includes an annular stator hub 36 and a plurality of stator blades (or vanes) 38 radially outwardly extending from the stator hub 36 and non-movably (i.e., fixedly) secured thereto. Conventionally, the impeller blades 28 of the impeller wheel 16 are provided to interact, in a known manner, with the turbine blades 34 of the turbine wheel 18 and the stator blades 38 of the stator 20.
The casing 12 consists of two casing portions, which are connected sealingly together at their outer periphery. One of the casing portions includes a front cover 25, which extends generally transversely in a plane at right angles to the rotational axis X, i.e., radially. Another casing portion of the casing 12 is so configured as to constitute the impeller shell 24 of the impeller wheel 16. The impeller shell 24 is non-rotatably (i.e., fixedly) secured to the front cover 25, such as by welding. In turn, the front cover 25 is rotatably driven by the engine and is non-rotatably coupled to a crankshaft thereof with studs 15. Each of the front cover 25 and the impeller shell 24 is made integrally by press-forming in one piece, from sheet metal material.
As noted above, the impeller blades 28 of the impeller wheel 16 are fixedly secured to both the impeller shell 24 and the impeller core ring 26 of the impeller wheel 16. Specifically, as best shown in
The impeller blades 28 of the impeller wheel 16 are secured to the core ring 26 of the impeller wheel 16 by a crimping action in such a manner as to fixedly (i.e., non-movably) attach the impeller blades 28 to the core ring 26. As best shown in
Described below is an exemplary method whereby the impeller wheel 16 of the hydrokinetic torque converter 14 according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention is assembled. It should be understood that alternative methods may be practiced within the scope of the invention.
First, the impeller shell 24 is provided with a series of recesses defined upon an interior surface 25 of the impeller shell 24. Second, the impeller blades 28 are provided, each formed as a single-piece part with the integral front mounting tabs 44F1-44F3 and the rear mounting tab 44R. The impeller blades 28 are fixed to the impeller shell 24 by inserting the front mounting tabs 44F1-44F3 into these recesses and brazing the front mounting tabs 44F1-44F3 to the impeller shell 24. It is to be understood that other techniques of securing the front mounting tabs 44F1-44F3, such as soldering, welding, or adhesive bonding may be employed
Then, the core ring 26 of the impeller wheel 16 with the slots 42 is provided. Next, the core ring 26 is mounted to the impeller blades 28 so the each of the rear mounting tab 44R of the impeller blades 28 is fitted in the corresponding slots 42 in the core ring 26 of the impeller wheel 16, as best shown in
After that, the distal end portion 45 of each of the rear mounting tab 44R of the impeller blades 28 is deformed axially inwardly in the direction toward the impeller shell 24 by a crimping operation to form the rear crimped portion 48, as best shown in
As noted above, the turbine blades 34 of the turbine wheel 18 are fixedly secured to both the turbine shell 30 and the core ring 32 of the turbine wheel 18. Specifically, as best shown in
In turn, each of the turbine blades 34 includes one or more, such as three, front mounting tabs 60F1-60F3 formed integrally therewith on an axially outer surface 610 of the turbine blade 34, and configured to be received and retained in the outer slots 50, the middle slots 52 and the inner slots 54, respectively, in the turbine shell 30 of the turbine wheel 18. The axially outer surface 610 of the turbine blade 34 faces and engages the turbine shell 30 in an assembled state of the torque converter 14. As best shown in
Similarly, each of the turbine blades 34 includes at least one rear mounting tab 60R formed integrally therewith on an axially inner surface 610 of the turbine blade 34, and configured to be received and retained in the slots 58 in the core ring 32 of the turbine wheel 18. The axially inner surface 61i of the turbine blade 34 faces and engages the turbine core ring 32 in an assembled state of the torque converter 14. As best shown in
According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, each of the turbine blades 34 is integrally formed with the front mounting tabs 60F1-60F3 and the rear mounting tab 60R as a single-piece part, such as by stamping.
The turbine blades 34 of the turbine wheel 18 are secured to the turbine shell 30 and the turbine core ring 32 of the turbine wheel 18 by a crimping action in such a manner as to fixedly (i.e., non-movably) attach the turbine blades 34 to the turbine shell 30 and the turbine core ring 32. As best shown in
Described below is an exemplary method whereby the turbine wheel 18 of the hydrokinetic torque converter 14 according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention is assembled. It should be understood that alternative methods may be practiced within the scope of the invention.
First, the turbine shell 30 is provided with the outer slots 50, the middle slots 52 and the inner slots 54 therethrough. Second, the turbine blades 34 are provided, each formed as a single-piece part with the integral front mounting tabs 60F1-60F3 and the rear mounting tab 60R. The turbine blades 34 are mounted to the turbine shell 30 by inserting the front mounting tabs 60F1-60F3 into the corresponding outer slots 50, middle slots 52 and inner slots 54 in the turbine shell 30, as best shown in
After that, the crimping force is applied by a crimping tool to the distal end portion 62F of each of the front mounting tabs 60F1-60F3 of the turbine blades 34 in the direction C (shown in
Next, the turbine core ring 32 of the turbine wheel 18 with the slots 58 is provided. The turbine core ring 32 is mounted to the turbine blades 34 so the each of the rear mounting tab 60R of the turbine blades 34 is fitted in the corresponding slots 58 in the turbine core ring 32 of the turbine wheel 18, as best shown in
After that, the distal end portion 62R of each of the rear mounting tab 60R of the turbine blades 34 is deformed axially inwardly in the direction toward an inner peripheral surface 30b of the turbine shell 30 by a crimping operation to form the rear crimped portion 66R, as best shown in
Therefore, the present invention provides a novel hydrokinetic torque converter and method for assembling thereof that simplifies and optimizes the assembly process, and makes it cost effective. Moreover, the present invention increases turbine wheel and impeller wheel stiffness.
The foregoing description of the exemplary embodiment(s) of the present invention has been presented for the purpose of illustration in accordance with the provisions of the Patent Statutes. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. The embodiments disclosed hereinabove were chosen in order to best illustrate the principles of the present invention and its practical application to thereby enable those of ordinary skill in the art to best utilize the invention in various embodiments and with various modifications as suited to the particular use contemplated, as long as the principles described herein are followed. This application is therefore intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention using its general principles. Further, this application is intended to cover such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which this invention pertains. Thus, changes can be made in the above-described invention without departing from the intent and scope thereof. It is also intended that the scope of the present invention be defined by the claims appended thereto.