1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to games, and more particularly to games including a rotatable wheel.
2. Background of the Related Art
Roll-down games have been played for many years in arcade environments. These games usually include a ramp and one or more targets at the end of the ramp. A player rolls a ball down the ramp towards a desired target, and a game score is displayed on a scoring display based upon the player's success.
In U.S. Pat. No. 810,299, O. E. Pettee describes a game in which a ball is rolled down a plane towards an upright target pin. When the pin is impacted, a motor activates to spin a dial. When the dial stops spinning, it indicates the player's score.
In U.S. Pat. No. 2,141,580, S. E. White describes a game in which a ball is tossed into holes marked in various time intervals. A spinning dial hand is stopped from rotating by the amount of time indicated by the hole that the ball is tossed into. The object of the game is to make the dial stop at a chosen character or numeral on the dial face.
In U.S. Pat. No. 2,926,915, F. D. Johns describes a skee-ball game in which a ball is rolled towards a scoring drum and in which tickets are dispensed to the player by an electrically operated automatic ticket dispenser.
Games of the prior art, while enjoyable, tend to be repetitive and not always engaging and, as such, often lead to rapid player boredom. This is undesirable in an environment where revenues are directly related to the continuous, repeated use of the games.
Embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus and method including an illuminated spinning wheel. This improvement adds excitement and visual interest to the game, which tends to prolong player involvement.
In an exemplary embodiment, a roll-down game unit includes a ramp, targets at the end of the ramp, and an illuminated wheel associated with the targets. Preferably, the targets are apertures provided near the end of the ramp. If a ball is rolled down the ramp into a certain aperture, that aperture might be predetermined to rotate the wheel a certain distance clockwise. A different aperture might be predetermined to rotate the wheel a specific distance counterclockwise, or not rotate the wheel at all.
In an exemplary embodiment, the score of the game is based upon an illuminated wheel's position. If the wheel is rotated and stops at a number displayed on the wheel, the score might increase by that number. The wheel might display a “Bankrupt” position, which would reduce the score to zero.
The wheel and illumination adds complexity and visual interest to an otherwise simple game. This again increases player involvement with the game and increases the revenue produced by the game.
These and other advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the following descriptions and studying the various figures of the drawings.
a is a detail view of the wheel scoring indicator;
In
Each individual game unit 16 has the ability to be played on its own, independent of the other game units 16 coupled to progressive bonus apparatus 12. Each individual game unit 16 includes a front panel 18 and a display area 22. A goal for each game unit 16 should be accomplished in a skillful manner; for instance, a ball can be guided into an aperture using hand-eye coordination, or a disc or ball could be skillfully aimed into a target using electrical controls.
An individual game unit 16 further has the ability to dispense a non-monetary award to a player. Such an award might be tickets redeemable for prizes. The award also could be baseball cards or other similar non-monetary prizes. In the preferred embodiment, each individual game unit 16 dispenses one or more tickets to the player from the front panel 18 through an award dispensing slot 24. Ticket dispensing mechanisms are well-known in the prior art.
The process that the multi-station game apparatus 10 uses to receive money and dispense non-monetary awards is illustrated in the block diagram 25 of
The progressive bonus apparatus 12 has an output on a progressive score display 14 (see
The progressive score displayed by the progressive bonus apparatus 12 is accumulated from contributions by the individual game units 16 over the data busses 27a and 27b. The contributions can be determined in a variety of ways. In the preferred embodiment, each game unit 16 sends a signal to the progressive bonus apparatus 12 whenever a player deposits a coin or coins into the game unit 16. When the progressive bonus apparatus 12 receives this signal, it increments the progressive score by one, one-half, or another predetermined value. Thus, each game unit 16 that is played will increment the progressive score by this value. Other methods might be used where the game unit 16 sends its increment signal when a player reached a predetermined score. Also, the progressive bonus apparatus 12 could be set to multiply the progressive score by a selected quantity whenever a game unit 16 sends an increment signal.
Each individual game unit 16 has one or more predetermined tasks for the player to accomplish in order for the player to receive a bonus award 30 based on the progressive score displayed by the progressive bonus apparatus 12. All game units 16 that are attached to a single progressive bonus apparatus 12 should require the same predetermined task, so that each player competing for the progressive score has a task of the same duration and level of difficulty. This predetermined task has several possible variations. One variation might be that the player has to achieve a specific game score on his individual game unit 16 in order to win the progressive score. A different variation might be that the player must finish two or more games in a row by accomplishing a specific game result, such as hitting a “jackpot” on the game display 22.
The first player to accomplish the predetermined task is entitled to the non-monetary bonus award 30 based upon the progressive score displayed on the progressive bonus apparatus 12. In the preferred embodiment, this bonus award 30 is manually given to the winning player by the owner or operator of the multi-station game apparatus 10. The bonus award 30 can be a number of normal game unit 16 awards: tickets, cards, or whatever the non-monetary award might be. Such a bonus award 30 might also be dispensed to a player as follows: the progressive bonus apparatus 12 sends the progressive score data over a data bus to the winning game unit 16. The winning game unit 16 then dispenses the bonus award 30 to the player by that game unit's 16 normal award-dispensing means 24. In any case, once the player has won the bonus award 30, his individual game unit 16 is reset and the progressive bonus apparatus 12 is reset.
The microprocessor 32 is preferably an Intel 8031 8-bit microprocessor, which has the range of features adequate for the task, including eight data lines and sixteen address lines. The microprocessor 32 receives data inputs D0-D9 inputs on data bus 33 from individual game units that are connected to the progressive bonus apparatus 12; one data line is required per game unit, so a maximum of ten individual games may be connected to the progressive bonus apparatus in this embodiment. Data latches 31 are used to couple the data busses from each unit (such as data busses 27a and 27b) to the data bus 33.
The microprocessor 32 is coupled to ROM 34 by an address/control/data bus 35. The ROM 34 is preferably an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) that contains the start-up instructions and operating system for the progressive bonus apparatus. Microprocessor 32 is connected to RAM 36 by the bus 35 to permit the use of RAM as scratch-pad memory.
The microprocessor 32 is also coupled to a latch 38 and DIP switches 40 by bus 35. The DIP switches 40 provide selectable functions that the owner or operator of the multi-unit game apparatus 10 may change to his or her liking. These selectable functions include setting the base payout score that the progressive bonus apparatus 12 will display in its starting state, and the increment value that the apparatus will use to increase the progressive score whenever a player achieves the predetermined task. Other selectable functions could also be set by the DIP switches depending on how many selectable game options and features are desired.
The microprocessor 32 is also coupled to a multiplexer 42. The multiplexer 42 receives a clock signal, an enable signal, and a serial LED data signal from the microprocessor 32. The multiplexer then outputs control signals to the segments of the LED display 44 on a bus 43.
The progressive bonus apparatus can also optionally send and receive message signals through a standard RS-232 interface 46. The RS-232 interface allows the control system 13 to be coupled to a computer system or other data processing system to allow the control and analysis of the control system 13.
The control system 13 for the progressive bonus apparatus 12 operates as follows. The microprocessor 32 first reads the low memory from ROM 34 over bus 35 and then sequences through the software instructions stored in ROM. The software from the ROM 34 instructs the microprocessor 32 to read the DIP switches 40, read in the game unit signals on busses 27a and 27b from the latches 31, and display or update the score LED display 44 with the information from the game unit signals. If a game unit signal on busses 27a or 27b indicates a game is over, the microprocessor 32 modifies the progressive score by the determined amount. When a game unit signal on busses 27a or 27b indicates that a game unit 16 has won the progressive bonus award, the microprocessor 32 sends signals to flash the score display and activate lights and sound speakers (not shown) indicating the bonus has been won. The owner or operator of the game units 16 may then present the bonus award to the player who won it. In an alternate embodiment, the microprocessor 32 in progressive bonus apparatus 12 sends the progressive score total to the winning individual game unit 16 over a data bus, and the individual game unit 16 can then dispense the bonus award to the player.
The front panel section comprises a coin deposit slot 50, a ball dispenser 52, a ticket dispenser 54, and a speaker 56. The coin deposit slot 50 may accept standard currency coins or game tokens that are normally available in an arcade environment, and also includes a coin return button and coin return slot. Coin boxes suitable for use in game unit 16 are readily available on the commercial market.
The ball dispenser 52 provides a ball for the player's use. In the preferred embodiment, the balls are rolled by the player down an inclined playing surface 20. Other types of playing pieces can also be used and directed down the playing surface, such as discs, cylinders, or other objects.
The balls are dispensed to the player as shown in
Referring again to
The speaker 56 emits sounds based on game actions and other game states and is controlled by the game unit controller system. The operation of the speaker will be discussed in greater detail subsequently.
The playing surface 20 is shown in
The display section 22 is shown in greater detail in
The game score display 86 is an LED display that indicates current game score to the player. Target displays 88 indicate the value or function of each individual target slot 80 to the player when a ball 70 is received by that target slot 80.
The ball count display 90 shows the status of playing pieces allotted to the player. In the preferred embodiment, this display 90 shows the number of balls remaining for the player to use in the game.
The pointer mechanism 92 is further illustrated in
The microprocessor 110 is preferably an Intel 8031 8-bit microprocessor, which has the range of features adequate for the task, including eight data lines and sixteen address lines. The microprocessor 110 is coupled to ROM 114 by a data/address/control bus 111. The ROM 114 is preferably an erasable, programmable read-only memory (EPROM) that contains the start-up instructions and operating system for the microprocessor 110. Microprocessor 110 is connected to RAM 112 by bus 111 to permit the use of RAM for scratch-pad memory. Methods for coupling ROM 114 and RAM 112 to the microprocessor 110 by bus 111 including enable, address, and control lines are well-known to those skilled in the art.
The microprocessor 110 is also coupled to a latch 116 and switches 118 by the bus 111. The switches 118 provide selectable functions that the owner of the game unit may change to his or her liking. These selectable functions include the values of the targets in terms of score, sound effects, progressive jackpot value (if present), the amount of any award given, the test mode, the type of game, and so on. Other selectable functions could also be set by the switches depending on how many selectable game options and features are desired. The switches 118 also include, in the present embodiment, the switches 74 that are activated when a playing piece 70 rolls into a target slot 80 on the playing surface 20.
The microprocessor 110 is also coupled to another latch 120, which is similar to the latch 116 that connects the switches 118 to the microprocessor 110. The latch 120 receives data from the comparators 122, which are set up in op amp configurations using an LM393 or similar device. These comparators 122 receive data from the position detection mechanism 124 indicating the position of the wheel 84, and output that data to the latch 120 and the microprocessor 110. The position detection mechanism 124 is discussed in greater detail below; see
The microprocessor 110 is also coupled to the drivers 125 and the buffers 126. The buffers 126 receive data from many of the switches 127, including the coin switch 128, which detects if a coin has been inserted into the game unit 16; the test switch 132, which activates a test mode for the game unit 16; the credit switch 134, which, when pushed by a player, starts a game; and the ball release switch 138, which indicates to the microprocessor 110 if a playing piece 70 has actually been dispensed to the player. The drivers 125 activate the remaining switches 127, including the ticket drive 130, which activates the dispensing of the non-monetary award (in this case, tickets) out of the non-monetary award dispenser 54; and the solenoid 136, which pushes a ball 70 into the ball dispenser 52.
The microprocessor 110 is also coupled to the latches 140 which latch data for the lamp drivers 142. The lamp drivers 142 supply power to the lamps 143, which include the lights on the display section 22 of the game unit 16 that are not part of the game score display 86 or other numeric displays.
The microprocessor 110 is also coupled to a sound chip 148. This chip is an OKI Voice Synthesis LSI chip that has eight data input lines coupled to the microprocessor 110 by a latch 149. The sound chip 144 receives its data from ROMs (not shown) and outputs sound data to a low pass filter 146, an audio power amplifier 148, and finally to the output speaker 150, which generates sounds to the player playing the game unit 16.
The microprocessor 110 is also coupled to a separate printed circuit board 152 containing the game score display 86 and the motor controller 156, which controls the motor 154. The bus 111 connecting the microprocessor to the display board 152 are latched by a latch 153. Four of the ten connecting lines go to the game score display 86, which consists of 7-segment LED digit displays. The remaining lines control the motor controller 156. Motor 154 is preferably a stepper motor coupled to a stepper motor controller, as is well-known to those skilled in the art.
The control system 119 operates briefly as follows. The microprocessor 110 first reads the low memory from ROM 114 over bus 111 and sequences through the software instructions stored in ROM. The settings of DIP switches in the switches block 118 are also read into the microprocessor. The software from the ROM 114 then instructs the microprocessor 110 to send and receive data over the bus 111 in order to conduct a game. For example, when the coin switch 128 is activated, indicating a coin has been inserted into the game unit, the microprocessor reads a signal from the buffers 126 from bus 111. The microprocessor then sends a signal to the drivers 125 to activate solenoid 136 in order to dispense a ball 70 to the player. The ball release switch 127 sends a signal through the buffers 126 to the microprocessor, indicating that a ball has been dispensed. The microprocessor then awaits a signal from switches 118 that indicate which switch 74 in target slot 80 the ball 70 activated. The specific switch 118 signal determines what data the microprocessor will send to the motor 154 in order to rotate the wheel 84 a specific amount (see
The number of notches 165 that have passed through optical detector 162 as the position detection wheel 124 rotates can be counted by the microprocessor 110. If the original starting segment 95 of the wheel 84 was known, then the end segment 95 displayed on the wheel 84 can be deduced by counting the number of notches 165 that have passed through the optical detector 162. In this way, the microprocessor 110 knows what end segment 95 the pointing mechanism 92 is pointing to and knows how to affect the game score appropriately.
A wide reference notch R can provide an absolute position indication for the wheel 84. Wide notch detector 167 is an optical detector similar in design and function to detector 162; when the wide notch R is detected, a specific segment 95 on the wheel 84 is known to have rotated by pointing mechanism 92.
An alternate embodiment for wheel position detection is shown in
The operation of the preferred embodiment of the gaming apparatus may be briefly described as follows: A player deposits a coin or token into coin slot 50 of game unit 16 to start the game. The wheel 84 is driven by the motor 154 to spin a random number of revolutions to begin a game. The pointing mechanism 92 keeps track of the end segment 95 at which the wheel 84 stops moving. A ball 70 is deposited to the player in ball dispenser 52. The player directs the ball 70 onto playing surface 20 at the player end 60 through an opening 72 in a cover protecting the playing surface 20. The ball 70 is rolled towards the target end 62 of the playing surface 20 towards the targets 80, which are slots for the ball 70 to roll into. The ball 70 rolls into a slot 80 marked, for example, “3 slots left”. The ball 70 activates a switch 74 below the slot 80 as it drops down to rolling surface 75. The ball 70 then rolls down ramp 75 to join a plurality of other balls 70′ that are stored in a storage area 76; a microprocessor 110 signal then activates the solenoid 136 to dispense another ball 70″ to the player if he or she has any playing pieces remaining to be played in his or her game.
Meanwhile, the switch 74 corresponding to the “3 slots left” slot 80 sends a signal to the microprocessor 110 which calculates the direction and the number of segments 95 the wheel 84 must be moved. The motor 154 turns the wheel 84 three segments 95 clockwise. The game then modifies the score or alters game conditions based upon the result displayed by that end segment 95. For example, suppose the end segment 95 displayed “5 tickets”. Five points would then be added to the game score, displayed on game score display 86. If the result “Bankrupt” were displayed, then the game score would be reset to zero.
One of the target slot designations might be “Full spin”. This would mean that a fast spin with a random result would be imparted on the wheel 84 by the motor 154. In order to keep track of the segment 95 the wheel 84 stops at, the position detection wheel 124 and optical detector 162 keep track of the amount of segments 95 that have rotated by so that the end segment 95 is calculated by the microprocessor 110. Alternatively, in the described alternate embodiment, the resulting segment 95 is read directly from bar code segments 165′.
The player will keep playing in this manner until he or she has used up his or her allotted amount of playing pieces. Once this occurs, the ticket dispenser 54 dispenses an award in relation to the player's final game score. For example, if the final game score is 20, 20 tickets could be dispensed to the player.
An alternate embodiment of the game unit is detailed in
While this invention has been described in terms of several preferred embodiments, it is contemplated that alterations, modifications and permutations thereof will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon a reading of the specification and study of the drawings. For example, the playing surface 20 of the game unit 16 can be situated horizontally. The playing surface 20 can also be angled such that the target end 62 is higher than the player end 60.
It is therefore intended that the following claims include all such alterations, modifications and permutations as fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
This application is a continuation application of U.S. patent application No. 10/176,100, filed on Jun. 19, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,278,635, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application No. 09/695,712, filed on Oct. 23, 2000; now U.S. Pat. No. 6,446,964, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application No. 09/351,408 filed on Jul. 9, 1999, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,244,595, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application No. 08/995,649 filed on Dec. 22, 1997, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,967,514, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application 08/428,524 filed on Apr. 21, 1995, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,700,007, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application No. 08/176,862 filed on Jan. 3, 1994, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,409,225, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application No. 07/956,057 filed on Oct. 2, 1992, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,292,127, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
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Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
3933278 | Mar 1980 | AU |
7578981 | Apr 1982 | AU |
2107092 | Aug 1992 | AU |
7936191 | Oct 1992 | AU |
8024891 | Dec 1992 | AU |
2489592 | May 1995 | AU |
2252053 | May 1974 | DE |
2824863 | Nov 1979 | DE |
2824863 BI | Nov 1979 | DE |
7931812 | Feb 1980 | DE |
2838339 | Mar 1980 | DE |
2909527 BI | Jun 1980 | DE |
30 35 898 | Apr 1982 | DE |
30 35 947 | May 1982 | DE |
3044243 | May 1982 | DE |
3105266 | Sep 1982 | DE |
3105266 | Sep 1982 | DE |
31 39 587 | Apr 1983 | DE |
32 13 400 | Oct 1983 | DE |
3229673 | Feb 1984 | DE |
33 34 474 | Apr 1984 | DE |
3347508 | Jul 1985 | DE |
34 15 114 | Oct 1985 | DE |
3424383 | Jan 1986 | DE |
34 39 635 | Apr 1986 | DE |
3439636 | Apr 1986 | DE |
34 38 573 | May 1986 | DE |
3436783 | May 1986 | DE |
34 44 148 | Jun 1986 | DE |
29 38 307 | Jul 1987 | DE |
3601631 | Jul 1987 | DE |
3601824 | Jul 1987 | DE |
37 03 548 | Mar 1988 | DE |
36 38 099 | May 1988 | DE |
3700861 | Jul 1988 | DE |
37 01 622 | Aug 1988 | DE |
3709026 | Sep 1988 | DE |
3709026 | Sep 1988 | DE |
3726495 | Feb 1989 | DE |
30 44 243 | Mar 1989 | DE |
3738120 | May 1989 | DE |
3738120 | May 1989 | DE |
3811301 | Oct 1989 | DE |
38 22 636 | Jan 1990 | DE |
38 25 183 | Feb 1990 | DE |
38 30 648 | Mar 1990 | DE |
3831740 | Mar 1990 | DE |
39 15 655 | Nov 1990 | DE |
3917684 | Dec 1990 | DE |
4014477 | Jul 1991 | DE |
40 36 728 | May 1992 | DE |
42 38 896 | May 1992 | DE |
41 43 128 | Jan 1993 | DE |
33 47 508 | Mar 1993 | DE |
41 28 633 | Mar 1993 | DE |
37 26 495 | Apr 1993 | DE |
41 33 273 | Apr 1993 | DE |
34 36 783 | Jul 1993 | DE |
42 01 534 | Jul 1993 | DE |
42 11 438 | Oct 1993 | DE |
42 11 440 | Oct 1993 | DE |
42 11 443 | Oct 1993 | DE |
42 20 132 | Dec 1993 | DE |
42 26 091 | Feb 1994 | DE |
42 26 874 | Feb 1994 | DE |
42 31 086 | Mar 1994 | DE |
42 32 762 | Mar 1994 | DE |
43 01 855 | Jul 1994 | DE |
43 31 257 | Jan 1995 | DE |
0 062 433 | Oct 1982 | EP |
0 219 305 | Oct 1986 | EP |
0 281 402 | Mar 1988 | EP |
0 338 743 | Oct 1989 | EP |
0577415 | Jan 1994 | EP |
0577415 | Jan 1994 | EP |
0603230 | Jun 1994 | EP |
0603230 | Jun 1994 | EP |
529535 | Jun 1983 | ES |
U 8601125 | Nov 1986 | ES |
U 8703519 | Nov 1987 | ES |
U 8703530 | Nov 1987 | ES |
U 8701723 | Jun 1988 | ES |
U 8701028 | Mar 1989 | ES |
2006400 | Apr 1989 | ES |
2006401 | Apr 1989 | ES |
2013885 | Jun 1990 | ES |
2016168 | Oct 1990 | ES |
2018982 | May 1991 | ES |
2047436 | Feb 1994 | ES |
2047437 | Feb 1994 | ES |
1 474 617 | Feb 1967 | FR |
371199 | Apr 1932 | GB |
912685 | Dec 1962 | GB |
1242298 | Aug 1971 | GB |
1428157 | Mar 1976 | GB |
1430007 | Mar 1976 | GB |
1444085 | Jul 1976 | GB |
1464896 | Jun 1977 | GB |
1476848 | Jun 1977 | GB |
1550732 | Aug 1979 | GB |
2066991 | Jul 1981 | GB |
2072395 | Sep 1981 | GB |
2081952 | Feb 1982 | GB |
2083936 | Mar 1982 | GB |
2084371 | Apr 1982 | GB |
2086632 | May 1982 | GB |
2092797 | Aug 1982 | GB |
2097160 | Oct 1982 | GB |
2098779 | Nov 1982 | GB |
2101380 | Jan 1983 | GB |
2105891 | Mar 1983 | GB |
2106292 | Apr 1983 | GB |
2106685 | Apr 1983 | GB |
2133994 | Aug 1984 | GB |
2137392 | Oct 1984 | GB |
2152262 | Jul 1985 | GB |
2153572 | Aug 1985 | GB |
2169737 | Jul 1986 | GB |
2170636 | Aug 1986 | GB |
2170937 | Aug 1986 | GB |
2170938 | Aug 1986 | GB |
2180682 | Apr 1987 | GB |
2181589 | Apr 1987 | GB |
2182186 | May 1987 | GB |
2191030 | Dec 1987 | GB |
2193025 | Jan 1988 | GB |
2197974 | Jun 1988 | GB |
2 201 821 | Sep 1988 | GB |
2201821 | Sep 1988 | GB |
2202984 | Oct 1988 | GB |
2204436 | Nov 1988 | GB |
2210191 | Jun 1989 | GB |
2216322 | Oct 1989 | GB |
2218558 | Nov 1989 | GB |
2222712 | Mar 1990 | GB |
2230373 | Oct 1990 | GB |
2233806 | Jan 1991 | GB |
2242300 | Sep 1991 | GB |
2253300 | Sep 1992 | GB |
2262642 | Jun 1993 | GB |
2268415 | Jan 1994 | GB |
2273384 | Jun 1994 | GB |
2268415 | Dec 1994 | GB |
1464896 | Feb 1997 | GB |
49105640 | Oct 1974 | JP |
5955272 | Mar 1984 | JP |
59-193487 | Dec 1984 | JP |
60-227787 | Nov 1985 | JP |
62-253091 | Nov 1987 | JP |
62-254786 | Nov 1987 | JP |
62253091 | Nov 1987 | JP |
62254786 | Nov 1987 | JP |
3-136683 | Jun 1991 | JP |
5-131044 | May 1993 | JP |
5-131045 | May 1993 | JP |
5-131046 | May 1993 | JP |
5237217 | Sep 1993 | JP |
5-285252 | Nov 1993 | JP |
6-2177 | Jan 1994 | JP |
6-7498 | Jan 1994 | JP |
6-190114 | Jul 1994 | JP |
6-254208 | Sep 1994 | JP |
9200335 | Sep 1992 | NL |
WO 8201611 | May 1982 | WO |
WO 9117529 | Nov 1991 | WO |
WO 9305484 | Mar 1993 | WO |
WO 9836809 | Aug 1998 | WO |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
Parent | 10176100 | Jun 2002 | US |
Child | 11433922 | US | |
Parent | 09695712 | Oct 2000 | US |
Child | 10176100 | US | |
Parent | 09351408 | Jul 1999 | US |
Child | 09695712 | US | |
Parent | 08995649 | Dec 1997 | US |
Child | 09351408 | US | |
Parent | 08428524 | Apr 1995 | US |
Child | 08995649 | US | |
Parent | 08176862 | Jan 1994 | US |
Child | 08428524 | US | |
Parent | 07956057 | Oct 1992 | US |
Child | 08176862 | US |