This application is based on and claims the benefit of priority from the prior Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-016457, filed on Jan. 25, 2006; the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, and more particularly, relates to an image forming apparatus capable of forming a good quality image free from image defects even when the image is formed on a rough paper sheet or a paper sheet wrinkled by heat.
2. Description of Related Art
A continuous feed printer is often used for computer output printing on a document form. However, in recent years, taking advantage of the function as high speed variable information printing, it has come to be used for multi-purpose printing of direct mails, bills, manuals, books, and the like. With the increasing ranges of uses thereof, there arises a necessity for the continuous feed printer to be adaptable to, from thin paper to thick paper, in terms of the webs to be used, and various webs of from wood-free paper to rough paper sheets in terms of the web type.
On the other hand, from the viewpoint of conservation of natural resources, there are growing needs to carry out double-side printing in the following manner. Two continuous feed printers are used, and operated in tandem. Thus, the first side is printed by the first printer. Then, the web side is reversed, so that the second side is printed by the second printer. For responding to such multi-purpose uses, the transfer performance of a transfer unit becomes particularly important in order to obtain the image quality free from image defects.
However, generally, in the case of tandem printing, the web is damaged by heat during the fixing by the first printer, so that unevenness by thermal shrinkage occurs. Therefore, at the transfer part of the second printer, the adhesion between the web and the photosensitive drum surface is inferior. Accordingly, unfavorably, image defects due to poor transfer tend to occur in the concave region in the web surface.
The continuous feed printers P1 and P2 transport perforated box paper or unperforated roll paper at high speed (0.5 to 2 m/sec), and perform printing. Distinct from cut paper, the web 14 has no cut in the web, and forms a continuous web.
The continuous web 14 undergoes printing of the image 30a thereon by the first printer P1 having an image forming part of a photosensitive member 1a, a developing machine 21a, and the like. Then, the web 14 is reversed by a turn bar T. Further, the image 30b is printed on the back side with the second printer P2 having an image forming part of a photosensitive member 1b, a developing machine 21b, and the like.
When images are printed on the opposite sides of the web 14 in this manner, for example, when an image is formed by the second printer on the back side of the web portion which stopped in the B part region including a fixing part for fixing the first image 30a on the web 14, image defects unfavorably occur.
The fixing part continues to feed heat to the web 14 during continuous printing. It stops feeding heat upon stop of printing. However, immediately after stop of printing, the response is bad, and hence overshoot occurs. As a result, the web 14 on the preheater 25 thermally shrinks in the direction of an arrow in the drawing, or unevenness occurs due to thermal damage in the web. For this reason, when printing is restarted, and the web portion which stopped on the preheater 25 of the first printer P1 passes through the image forming part of the second printer P2, image defects become more likely to occur.
In order to solve such a problem, there has been conventionally known a method in which a transfer assist blade is provided to press the web against a surface of the photosensitive member.
By the transfer assist blade 8, the web 14 is pressed against the surface of the photosensitive drum 1. When the web 14 being in contact therewith reaches the position opposite to the corona transfer unit 3, it receives electric charges from the corona transfer unit 3, which causes the toner image 29 to be transferred onto the web 14. Further, the web 14 is fed to a fixing apparatus (not shown) by a web transport device. By disposing the transfer assist blade 8 in this manner, it becomes possible to reduce the gap between the uneven spot in the surface of the web 14 and the photosensitive drum 1. As a result, favorable transfer can be obtained.
However, in the case of double-side printing, when the toner image 30b is printed on the second side of the web 14, the toner image 30a has already been formed on the first side. Thus, as the side, to be in contact with the transfer assist blade 8, of the web 14 to be transported to the transfer part housing 2, the first side having the toner image 30a formed thereon comes. For this reason, the surface of the fixed toner image 30a is rubbed by the transfer assist blade 8. Thus, a portion of the toner is deposited on the transfer assist blade 8, and becomes stain. This causes deterioration of the image 30a formed on the first side.
In general, at the time of printing for forming an image on the second side of the web 14, the deformation of the web 14 has occurred under the heat history during the fixing process during printing of the first side. Therefore, in order to improve the adhesion, the pressing pressure of the transfer assist blade 8 is required to be more increased. This causes a problem that the blade stain is increasingly promoted.
On the other hand, as previously described, a continuous feed printer is also required to be adaptable to various webs in order to respond to multi-purposes. The width of each web to be used is also used properly according to the intended purpose. For example, when a long (21- to 22-inch) photosensitive drum is used, the width of the web is also as diverse as 12 inches, 16 inches, or 22 inches. The web has a width of 12 to 16 inches for business forms. For printing of manuals, books, and the like, the web is cut after printing. Therefore, the web has a width of 17 inches capable of providing two A4-sized sheets, or 22 inches capable of providing three B5-sized sheets. For this reason, for printing a narrow width web, unless the transfer assist blade 8 with a length at least equal to or less than the web width is used, the photosensitive drum 1 is damaged by contact therewith, resulting in deterioration of printing quality.
In order to solve such a problem, JP-A-9-171308 discloses a system in which a plurality of transfer assist blades are provided, and the transfer assist blades are used in combination according to the web width.
However, although this system can respond to a given web width, the constitution becomes complicated. Thus, unfavorably, the transfer assist mechanism becomes large-sized, and expensive.
In order to solve the problems, there is also proposed a system using a transfer assist roller as shown in
By the transfer assist roller 17, the web 14 reaches the position opposite to the corona transfer unit 3 while being in contact with the photosensitive member 1. Thus, it receives electric charges from the corona transfer unit 3, and transfers the toner image thereon. Then, it is fed to a fixing apparatus (not shown) by the web transport device.
With such a structure, the transfer assist roller 17 is rotated in a driven manner with respect to the web 14. Therefore, as compared with the case where the transfer assist blade is used, the stain of the web 14 is reduced.
Further, the transfer assist roller 17 does not also damage the photosensitive drum 1, and hence it can also be used for the web having a given width. However, when a narrow width web is printed, a portion of the transfer assist roller 17 comes in direct contact with the photosensitive drum 1. Therefore, the slight toner deposited on the photosensitive member 1 is deposited on the transfer assist roller 17. In order to avoid the foregoing, the following measure is taken. By the use of a high voltage power source 18, electric charges of the opposite polarity to that of the toner are applied to the core of the transfer assist roller 17. This, however, entails a problem of an increase in cost.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an image forming apparatus which has solved the foregoing problems in the related art. Specifically, it is an object of the invention to provide an image forming apparatus capable of forming good quality image at a low cost also on rough paper sheets, webs which have undergone thermal deformation, or various webs having different widths without causing image defects, and without causing blade stain.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided an image forming apparatus comprising: a photosensitive member; a toner image forming unit forming a toner image on a surface of the photosensitive member; a transfer unit transferring the toner image formed on the surface of the photosensitive member to a recording medium; a first transport unit transporting the recording medium through between the photosensitive member and the transfer unit; a second transport unit transporting the recording medium which passes through between the photosensitive member and the transfer unit to a subsequent stage; a guide unit being disposed on an upstream and downstream sides of a transporting direction of the recording medium with respect to the transfer unit, the guide unit guiding the recording medium by being contact with or away from the surface of photosensitive member; a pressing unit pressing the recording medium against the photosensitive member; a first driving unit driving the guide unit so as to make the recording medium being contact with or away from the photosensitive member; and a second driving unit driving the pressing unit so as to make the recording medium being contact with or away from the surface of the photosensitive member.
According to another aspect of the invention, the pressing unit comprises; a first pressing member extending in a direction which is substantially perpendicular to the transporting direction of the recording medium and capable of pressing the recording medium against a direction of the surface of the photosensitive member; and a second pressing member capable of independently pressing the recording medium on the direction of the surface of the photosensitive member from the first pressing member.
According to another aspect of the invention, the first and second pressing members have step parts overlapping with each other.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provide an image forming apparatus including: a mask member movable in accordance with a width of the recording medium for printing with respect to in the direction which is substantially perpendicular to the transporting direction of the recording medium, wherein the mask member prevents the second pressing member from pressing the recording medium on the direction of the surface of the photosensitive member
According to another aspect of the invention, the pressing member is selectively driven by the second driving unit in accordance with a state or kind of the recording medium transported by the first transport unit.
A whole configuration of an image forming apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the invention will be described. The configuration and operation of a transfer assist blade will be described in this order.
(1) Overall Apparatus Configuration
On the other hand, the web 14 is transported to a transfer part by the web transport devices 22, 23, and 24. Then, by the corona transfer unit 3, the toner image is transferred on the web 14. The toner image on the web 14 is heated to the vicinity of the transition temperature of the toner resin when it passes through a preheater 25. Then, by a fixing machine 35 formed of a heat roller 26 including a heater therein, and a backup roller 27, the toner image is molten and fixed on the web 14. Incidentally, when double-side printing is carried out, two image forming apparatuses are used in the same manner as in
(2) Configuration of Transfer Part 40
The transfer part 40 includes a transfer unit housing 2, a transfer assist blade 8 disposed in an inside thereof, and a negatively charged corona transfer unit 3. The transfer assist blade 8 is formed of a substantially plate or sheet made of plastic, a metal plate, or the like. In the example, the transfer assist blade 8 is formed by using Mylar sheet such as Kapton, and the thickness is set to be about 0.1 to 1.0 mm. The transfer assist blade 8 is at the position in the vicinity of the corona transfer unit 3. It does not cut off the corona discharge from the corona transfer unit 3, and is disposed between the upper separator 6 and the lower separator 7 guiding the web 14. Thus, it is in a positional relation such that the web 14 and the photosensitive drum are pressed against one another in the nip region.
A reference numeral 5 represents a driving motor, of which the rotation power is transferred to the transfer unit housing 2 connected via a link 4. Namely, when the driving motor 5 rotates, the transfer housing 2 rotationally moves about the rotation center of the drawing. When the transfer housing 2 rotationally moves, under the guide of the upper separator 6 and the lower separator 7 attached to the transfer unit housing 2, the web 14 moves from the state apart from the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 (
On the other hand, the transfer assist blade 8 is supported by a hinge shaft 9 attached to the lower separator 7. To the tip portion of the hinge shaft 9, a cam follower 10 fixed to the transfer housing 2 is attached. A cam 11 is disposed at the position in the vicinity of the cam follower 10, and the cam 11 is connected to a motor 13 via a timing belt 12.
Then, the operation of the transfer part 40 constituted as described above will be described.
(3) Operation of Transfer Part 40
Then, a description will be given to the case where the transfer assist blade 8 is operated as in the case where the region of the web 14 which stopped on the preheater 25 of the first printer (for surface side printing) passes through the transfer part of the second printer (for back side printing).
In this case, the cam 11 connected to the motor 13 via the timing belt 12 is rotationally moved to the position of the bottom dead center shown in
Incidentally, in the foregoing example, the timing for pressing the transfer assist blade 8 against the surface of the photosensitive drum 1, and the pressing time are determined in the following manner.
In the tandem printer system, when the path length of the web 14 between on the preheater 25 of the first printer and the transfer part of the second printer is, for example, 110 inches, and the web transport speed is 30 inches/sec, the time required for the web on the preheater 25 to run into the transfer part of the second printer from the start of printing is about 3.6 s. Therefore, the timing and time of operation of the transfer assist blade 8 are determined allowing for around about ±1 S.
The path length between the first printer and the second printer is large, and may vary. Therefore, a certain degree of margin is required to be allowed. In this case, even when the operation timing is slightly fast, a large trouble does not occur. Further, it is configured such that the retraction driving system of the transfer assist blade 8 is not mounted in the transfer unit housing 2, but disposed in another frame. Therefore, it becomes possible to minimize the weight of the transfer unit housing 2 including the upper separator 6 and the lower separator 7. Accordingly, it becomes possible to suppress the image deterioration upon emergency stop or upon start.
In the embodiment of the invention described up to this point, as the driving source for the retracting operation of the transfer assist blade, the motor 13 is used. However, the driving source may also be a solenoid or the like. Whereas, in the example, it is configured such that the web 14 comes in contact with the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 at the position of the bottom dead center of the cam 11. However, by adjusting the position of rotational movement of the cam 11 for contact with the web 14, it is possible to adjust the magnitude of the pressing force. Namely, for the basis weights of various webs, the position at which the cam 11 stops is adjusted. This enables a proper pressing force to be set according to the basis weight of the web.
(4) Configuration of transfer assist blade 8
Next, the configuration of the inventive transfer assist blade 8 adaptable to various web widths will be described by reference to
As shown in
The fixed side assist blade 8 extends in the direction orthogonal to the direction of transport of the web 14 as shown in
Incidentally, as shown in
The fixed side assist blade 8 and the movable side assist blade 8a are manufactured with a plate or film made of plastic, a plate made of a metal, or the like. In this example, the length of the portion 8b1 of the fixed side assist blade 8 is set at 6 to 12 inches, and the length of the movable side assist blade 8a is set at 0.5 to 1 inch.
The fixed side assist blade 8b is, as shown in
On the other hand, as shown in
Then, the operation of the transfer assist blade 8 will be described.
(5) Operation of transfer assist blade 8
Now, the case where a narrow width web 14 as shown in
Then, the motor 13 is driven, and the cam 11 rotationally moves, and comes to the position of
On the other hand, a pressing force toward the photosensitive drum 1 side also acts on the movable side assist blade 8a2 by the spring 8c. However, by the corotron mask 15 disposed thereabove, the rotational movement is inhibited, resulting in no contact with the surface of the photosensitive drum 1. Namely, the transfer assist blade 8 is pressed against the photosensitive drum 1 side only in the paper passing region of the web 14, and does not come in contact with the photosensitive drum 1 in the non paper passing region. Therefore, it does not damage the surface. Further, the corona discharge of the transfer unit 3 in the non paper passing region is shielded by the corotron mask 15.
Then, when a wide width web 14 is used, the edge 15a of the corotron mask 15 moves in the right direction of
Thus, in accordance with the example, the number of the rotationally moving movable side assist blades 8a changes according to the width of the web 14. This can prevent the transfer assist blade from coming in contact with the portion of the photosensitive drum 1 in the non paper passing region. Incidentally, in the example, a description is given to the example in which two movable side assist blades 8aare disposed in the direction of width of the web 14. However, an increase in the number enables the printer to be adaptable to various web widths.
(1) Even when a rough paper sheet having a large unevenness on the surface is used, favorable transfer free from image defects becomes possible.
(2) In the case where double-side printing is performed by a tandem printing apparatus using a corona transfer system, even when a web undergoes thermal deformation by the first printer, it becomes possible to prevent voids in the image during transfer at the second printer. This can reduce image defects.
(3) It is configured such that the driving unit for the transfer assist blade and the driving unit for the web guide unit of the transfer part are separately operated. For this reason, for example, it becomes possible to bring only the web portion which stopped at the fixing part of the first printer into contact with the surface of the photosensitive drum by the transfer assist blade. Therefore, it is possible to minimize rubbing of the image side by the transfer assist blade. Thus, by limiting the pressing operation of the transfer assist blade only to the necessary time, the life of the transfer assist blade or the photosensitive drum elongates, and the stain of the web due to the transfer assist blade can also be minimized.
(4) Driving of the transfer assist blade and driving of the web guide unit are separated, and separately operating driving sources therefor are adopted. Therefore, it becomes possible to adjust the pressing force applied on the web to the optimum magnitude according to the basis amount of the web.
(5) The transfer assist blade is configured to be divided into sections in the direction of width of the web, and the number of the sections to be driven is changed according to the web width. This enables the printer to be adaptable to various web widths. With such a configuration, various transfer assist blades are not required to be disposed. Therefore, maintenance of the transfer assist blade and the changing operation of the transfer assist blade become very easy.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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P2006-016457 | Jan 2006 | JP | national |