Patent Application
20180052385
Digital cameras usually comprise a lens and a sensor for capturing an image by capturing light and converting it into electrical signals. Mobile electronic devices such as smart phones are usually equipped with an imaging apparatus, for example, a camera. The imaging quality of the mobile electronic devices may be improved by optical image stabilization or autofocus. A current trend in designing mobile electronic devices aims for thin devices, wherein the form factor benefits from thin imaging apparatus to be housed inside the mobile electronic device.
This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.
The imaging apparatus comprises a retractable structure with active and inactive positions. An outermost lens group and a lens group actuator are movable along an optical axis. Examples of a lens group actuator are an autofocus actuator or an optical image stabilizer. In the inactive position the lens group and the lens group actuator reside close to an image sensor.
In the active position the outermost lens group and the lens group actuator are further from the image sensor along the optical axis. The retractable structure may protrude from the device housing the imaging apparatus. In one example the outermost lens group and the lens group actuator protrude from the device. In one example the structure is reversed, the image sensor protrudes from the device while the outermost lens group is fixed to the device body.
The device comprises a field flattening lens fixed to the image sensor, compensating for possible tilt of the outermost lens group. The structure allows imaging apparatuses with better optical characteristics to be implemented for example in very thin devices. Devices with various form factors may benefit from smaller imaging apparatus as there is more room to implement other features to the device.
Many of the attendant features will be more readily appreciated as they become better understood by reference to the following detailed description considered in connection with the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below are not limited to implementations which solve any or all of the disadvantages of known imaging apparatuses integrated in hand-held devices.
The present description will be better understood from the following detailed description read in light of the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Like reference numerals are used to designate like parts in the accompanying drawings.
The detailed description provided below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of the present embodiments and is not intended to represent the only forms in which the present embodiments may be constructed or utilized. However, the same or equivalent functions and sequences may be accomplished by different embodiments.
Although the present embodiments are described and illustrated herein as being implemented in a smartphone, the device described is provided as an example and not a limitation. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the present embodiments are suitable for application in a variety of different types of mobile and/or hand-held apparatuses, e.g. in tablets, laptops, digital cameras or gaming consoles.
An optical image stabilizer 341 is configured to move the first lens group 320—in an embodiment, the optical image stabilizer 341 is configured to move the autofocus actuator 340 together with the first lens group 320. The optical image stabilizer 341 is an example of a lens group actuator. In an embodiment, the optical image stabilizer 341 is attached to the first lens group or to the lens barrel; whereas the autofocus actuator 340 is configured to move the image stabilizer 341 and the first lens group 320. In an embodiment, the autofocus actuator 340 is electromechanically connected to the optical image stabilizer 341, under the autofocus actuator 340 on the component stack.
According to an embodiment, the retractable element 311 suspends the structure of the at least one lens group actuator 340, 341 and at least portion of the first lens group 320. The retractable element 311 may comprise a frame that enables attaching the first lens group 320 or the at least one lens group actuator 340, 341 to the retractable element 311. In an embodiment, the retractable element 311 is configured to move, for example, on a rail or similar structure that guides the movement.
A second actuator 310 is configured to move the first lens group 320 along the optical axis 301 between the active and inactive positions. The second actuator 310 is configured to adjust the distance between at least one lens group actuator 340, 341 and the image sensor group 350. The first lens group 320 and the at least one lens group actuator 340, 341 have the active position and the inactive position in relation to the image sensor group 350 along the optical axis 301. In the active position the first lens group 320 and the at least one lens group actuator 340, 341 protrude from the device body 300 along the optical axis 301. In an embodiment, the actuator is a lifting mechanism that may comprise mechanical elements such as a lever that the user of the device applies in order to alter the distance between the first lens group 320 and the image sensor group 350 between active and inactive positions. In an embodiment, the lifting mechanism is a transmission system.
The image sensor group 350 resides on the optical axis, the image sensor 350 being on an image plane. The image sensor 350 is arranged on the optical axis to receive the image from the first lens group 320. A focal plane is a plane where object appears in focus. In an embodiment, the first lens group 320 is tilted in the direction that reduces the effect of detected shaking to achieve optical image stabilization. The tilted first lens group 320 causes the focal plane to tilt as well, wherein the focal plane and the image sensor 350 are not aligned. The image sensor 350 comprises, for example, a plurality of light sensing elements that measure the light captured by the light sensing elements to form an image of pixels. In an embodiment, the image sensor group 350 comprises the field flattening lens 351. The field flattening lens 351 corrects the focal plane projection error caused by tilting the first lens group 320. In an embodiment the image is stabilized by tilting and shifting the lens. In an embodiment the image is stabilized by shifting the lens. In an embodiment the image is stabilized by moving the image sensor or the image sensor group 350. The image sensor group may be defined by comprising an image sensor, an image sensor with one static lens or an image sensor with more than one static lenses.
In one embodiment the field flattening lens 351 is immovably connected to the image sensor 350. The field flattening lens 351 does not tilt with the first lens group 320; it is arranged to flatten the focal plane to the image plane at any predefined tilt angle of the first lens group 320. The effect is achieved by designing the flattener lens rather than moving the image plane, image sensor 350 or by moving another element to counteract the tilted first lens group 320. The field flattener lens flattens the field curvature of the first lens group 320, wherein the curve is defined by series of points caused by varying tilting angle. The shape of the field flattener lens 351 may be calculated or selected from several alternatives that allow flattening of the focal point or the focal plane to the image plane when the first lens group 320 is in the tilted position. The tilt compensated by the field flattening lens 351 may be dynamic due to movement of the first lens group 320, for example movement caused by optical image stabilization; or static tilt, for example residual tilt from the manufacture process.
The field flattening lens 351 has a concave shaped surface on the side opposite to the image sensor 350, as illustrated in
The image sensor group 350 is mounted on the circuit board 370. The camera hardware 370 may comprise at least one of: a processor, a controller, a memory, or a sensor such as a gyroscope. A wiring, such a flex cable 380 may connect the imaging apparatus to the electronic device.
According to an embodiment, the field flattening lens 351 can be glued directly to the image sensor 350. This removes an air gap between the lens 351 and the sensor 350, which can improve the optical qualities of the system by removing unwanted refraction. In an alternative embodiment, the field flattening lens 351 can be attached to the image sensor 350 or the circuit board 370 on which the image sensor 350 is mounted with mechanical elements on (or near) two or more edges of the image sensor 350. In this embodiment, an air gap is provided between the image sensor 350 and the field flattening lens 351.
Although the field flattener lens 351 is illustrated as the only lens in the second lens group attached to the image sensor 350, in various embodiments more optical elements, for example other lenses and filters, may be included in this group and the image sensor group. The field flattener lens 351 is the top lens of the image sensor group and may not be attached to the image sensor directly.
The previous embodiment showed two-group optics, where the components are in the inactive position at a distance shorter than typical functional clearances. Examples of functional clearances are autofocus stroke, tolerance margins or the back focal length. The image sensor group remains static, whereas the first lens group is able to move vertically, along the optical axis. In an embodiment, the image sensor group and at least one lens group actuator are nested in the inactive position.
In the inactive position the image sensor group 450 is inside the device body, as illustrated in
The lens group actuator may be a voice coil actuator, a piezo actuator or a shape memory alloy actuator. In an embodiment, the actuator has a circular shape and the image sensor group fits inside the actuator perimeter. The lens group actuator may surround the image sensor group.
In an embodiment, the image sensor group comprises a curved image sensor 550, as illustrated in
The retractable lens structure utilizes the available space around the image sensor group. For a flat device the height of the imaging device must be minimized. In this context the improvement in the scale of 0.01 mm difference of the imaging device's size may be considered an improvement. The reduced size of a single component may have an effect to other components in the electronic device, for example, in how other components are positioned inside the device.
An additional technical effect of the combination of a field flattening lens having a concave upper surface attached to the image sensor, with the retractable lens group that can move in and out of the active position, is further tolerance to potential tilt and movement errors caused by repeated activation and deactivation of the camera.
According to an aspect, an imaging apparatus is disclosed. The imaging apparatus comprises: a retractable first lens group on an optical axis; at least one lens group actuator configured to move the retractable first lens group along the optical axis between an active position and an inactive position; an image sensor on the optical axis; and a second lens group comprising at least one lens immovably connected to the image sensor. In the active position the retractable first lens group resides at a predetermined distance from the second lens group and the image sensor, and in the inactive position the retractable first lens group resides in proximity to the second lens group. The second lens group comprises a field flattening lens having a concave shaped surface on a side opposite to the image sensor.
The predetermined distance may vary depending on the layout of the lens groups and may be between 0.1 and 5 mm. In the inactive position, the retractable first lens group resides in proximity to the second lens group at a closer distance than the predetermined distance of the active position. The distance may be between 0.01 mm and 2 mm.
In an embodiment, the field flattening lens is configured to correct a focal plane projection error caused by tilting of the first lens group.
In an embodiment, alternatively or in addition to the above embodiments, the field flattening lens has an aspherical concave shaped surface on a side opposite to the image sensor.
In an embodiment, alternatively or in addition to the above embodiments, the second lens group is immovably connected to the image sensor with glue.
In an embodiment, alternatively to the above embodiment, the second lens group is immovably connected to the image sensor with mechanical elements positioned at two or more edges of the image sensor.
In an embodiment, alternatively or in addition to the above embodiments, the retractable first lens group comprises a lens barrel.
In an embodiment, alternatively or in addition to the above embodiments, the second lens group comprises a single flattening lens.
In an embodiment, alternatively to the above embodiment, the second lens group also comprises an infrared filter.
In an embodiment, alternatively or in addition to the above embodiments, the imaging apparatus comprises a guide rail configured to guide the retractable first lens group between the active position and the inactive position.
In an embodiment, alternatively or in addition to the above embodiments, in the inactive position a portion of at least one lens group actuator is at the same level as the image sensor group, perpendicular to the optical axis.
In an embodiment, alternatively or in addition to the above embodiments, the lens group actuators comprise an autofocus actuator or an optical image stabilizer.
In an alternative embodiment, the lens group actuators comprise both an autofocus actuator and an optical image stabilizer.
In an embodiment, alternatively or in addition to the above embodiments, the imaging apparatus comprises a device body. The image sensor group is attached inside the device body; the retractable first lens group and the at least one lens group actuator are movable along the optical axis in relation to the image sensor group and the device body. In the active position the first lens group and the at least one lens group actuator protrude from the device body along the optical axis. In the inactive position the retractable first lens group and the at least one lens group actuator are inside the device body.
In an embodiment, alternatively or in addition to the above embodiments, at least one of the lens group actuators is a voice coil actuator, a piezo actuator or a shape memory alloy actuator.
According to an aspect, a device is disclosed. The device comprises a device body having a retractable element operable in an active position and an inactive position; a first lens group on an optical axis attached to the retractable element; an image sensor on the optical axis; a second lens group comprising a field flattening lens immovably connected to the image sensor; and a lifting mechanism configured to move the retractable element between the active position and the inactive position. In the active position the retractable element protrudes from the device body causing a distance between the first lens group and the second lens group; in the inactive position the retractable element is inside the device body; and the field flattening lens has a concave shaped surface on a side opposite to the image sensor.
In an embodiment, the device comprises at least one lens group actuator configured to move the first lens group. The at least one lens group actuator is selected from an autofocus actuator and an optical image stabilizer.
In an embodiment, in addition to the above embodiment, the image sensor is attached inside the device body; the first lens group and the at least one lens group actuator are connected to the retractable element and the first lens group and the at least one lens group actuator are movable along the optical axis in relation to the image sensor group and the device body.
According to an aspect, a device is disclosed. The device comprises a device body having a retractable element operable in an active position and an inactive position; a first lens group on an optical axis; an image sensor on the optical axis attached to the retractable element; a second lens group comprising a field flattening lens immovably connected to the image sensor; and a lifting mechanism configured to move the retractable element between the active position and the inactive position. In the active position the retractable element protrudes from the device body causing a distance between the first lens group and the second lens group. In the inactive position the retractable element is inside the device body. The field flattening lens has a concave shaped surface on a side opposite to the image sensor.
In an embodiment, the device body of the device according to the aspect above comprises a transparent surface. The first lens group is attached inside the device body facing the transparent surface and an optical field of vision passing through the transparent surface; and the image sensor is attached to the retractable element. In this embodiment, the image sensor and the second lens group are movable in relation to the first lens group and the device body. In the active position the image sensor and the second lens group protrude from the device body along the optical axis; and in the inactive position the image sensor and the second lens group are inside the device body.
In an embodiment, alternatively or in addition to the above embodiment, the device comprises at least one lens group actuator connected to the first lens group and selected from an autofocus actuator and an optical image stabilizer.
An imaging apparatus is disclosed, comprising: a first lens group on an optical axis; at least one lens group actuator configured to move the first lens group; an image sensor group on the optical axis; and a second actuator configured to adjust the distance between the at least one lens group actuator and the image sensor group, the first lens group and the at least one lens group actuator having an active position and an inactive position in relation to the image sensor group along the optical axis. In the inactive position a portion of the one lens group actuator is at the same level with the image sensor group, perpendicular to the optical axis. In an embodiment, the at least one lens group actuator is an autofocus actuator or an optical image stabilizer. In an embodiment, the first lens group actuator is an autofocus actuator and the second lens group actuator is an optical image stabilizer. In an embodiment, in the inactive position a portion of the autofocus actuator is at the same level with the image sensor group. In an embodiment, in the inactive position a portion of the autofocus actuator and a portion of the optical image stabilizer are at the same level with the image sensor group. In an embodiment, the imaging apparatus comprises a device body, wherein the image sensor group is attached inside the device body; the first lens group and the at least one lens group actuator are movable along the optical axis in relation to the image sensor group and the device body, wherein in the active position the first lens group and the at least one lens group actuator protrude from the device body along the optical axis; and in the inactive position the first lens group and the at least one lens group actuator are inside the device body. In an embodiment, the imaging apparatus comprises a device body having a transparent surface, the first lens group being attached inside the device body facing the transparent surface and an optical field of vision passing through the transparent surface; and the image sensor group is movable in relation to the first lens and the device body, wherein: in the active position the image sensor group protrudes from the device body along the optical axis; and in the inactive position the image sensor group is inside the device body. In an embodiment, the at least one lens group actuator is a voice coil actuator, a piezo actuator or a shape memory alloy actuator. In an embodiment, the image sensor group comprises a field flattener lens. In an embodiment, image sensor group comprises a curved image sensor.
A device is disclosed, comprising: a device body having a retractable element; a first lens group on an optical axis and at least one lens group actuator configured to move the first lens group; an image sensor group comprising an image sensor on the optical axis; the retractable element having an active position and an inactive position. In the active position the retractable element protrudes from the device body causing a distance between the first lens group and the image sensor group; in the inactive position a portion of the at least one lens group actuator is at the same level, perpendicular to the optical axis, with the image sensor group; and comprising a lifting mechanism configured to move the retractable element between the active position and the inactive position. In an embodiment, the at least one lens group actuator is an autofocus actuator or an optical image stabilizer. In an embodiment, the device comprises two lens group actuators, wherein the first lens group actuator is an autofocus actuator and the second lens group actuator is an optical image stabilizer. In an embodiment, the device body comprises a transparent surface, the first lens group is attached inside the device body facing the transparent surface and an optical field of vision passing through the transparent surface; and the image sensor group is attached to the retractable element, wherein the image sensor group is movable in relation to the first lens group and the device body, wherein: in the active position the image sensor group protrudes from the device body along the optical axis; and in the inactive position the image sensor group is inside the device body. In an embodiment, the image sensor group is attached inside the device body; the first lens group and the at least one lens group actuator are connected to the retractable element and the first lens group and the at least one lens group actuator are movable along the optical axis in relation to the image sensor group and the device body.
A system is disclosed, comprising: a first lens group on an optical axis; an image sensor group on the optical axis; and at least one lens group actuator configured to move the first lens group; a second actuator configured to adjust the distance between the at least one lens group actuator and the image sensor group along the optical axis, the first lens group and the at least one lens group actuator having an active position and an inactive position in relation to the image sensor group along the optical axis, wherein: in the inactive position a portion of the one lens group actuator is at the same level with the image sensor group, perpendicular to the optical axis. In an embodiment, the at least one lens group actuator is an autofocus actuator or an optical image stabilizer. In an embodiment, the system comprises two lens group actuators, wherein the first lens group actuator is an autofocus actuator and the second lens group actuator is an optical image stabilizer, wherein in the inactive position a portion of the autofocus actuator and a portion of the optical image stabilizer are at the same level with the image sensor group. In an embodiment, the system comprises a device body, wherein the image sensor group is attached inside the device body; the first lens group and the at least one lens group actuator are movable along the optical axis in relation to the image sensor group and the device body, wherein: in the active position the first lens group and the at least one lens group actuator protrude from the device body along the optical axis; and in the inactive position the first lens group and the at least one lens group actuator are inside the device body. In an embodiment, the system comprises a device body having a transparent surface, the first lens group being attached inside the device body facing the transparent surface and an optical field of vision passing through the transparent surface; and the image sensor group being movable in relation to the first lens and the device body, wherein: in the active position the image sensor group protrudes from the device body along the optical axis; and in the inactive position the image sensor group is inside the device body.
An example of the apparatus or a system described hereinbefore is a computing-based device comprising one or more processors which may be microprocessors, controllers or any other suitable type of processors for processing computer executable instructions to control the operation of the device in order to control one or more sensors, receive sensor data and use the sensor data. Platform software comprising an operating system or any other suitable platform software may be provided at the computing-based device to enable application software to be executed on the device.
The computer executable instructions may be provided using any computer-readable media that is accessible by computing based device. Computer-readable media may include, for example, computer storage media such as memory and communications media. Computer storage media, such as memory, includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or the like. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information for access by a computing device. In contrast, communication media may embody computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or the like in a modulated data signal, such as a carrier wave, or other transport mechanism. As defined herein, computer storage media does not include communication media. Therefore, a computer storage medium should not be interpreted to be a propagating signal per se. Propagated signals per se are not examples of computer storage media. Although the computer storage media is shown within the computing-based device it will be appreciated that the storage may be distributed or located remotely and accessed via a network or other communication link, for example by using communication interface.
The computing-based device may comprise an input/output controller arranged to output display information to a display device which may be separate from or integral to the computing-based device. The display information may provide a graphical user interface, for example, to display hand gestures tracked by the device using the sensor input or for other display purposes. The input/output controller is also arranged to receive and process input from one or more devices, such as a user input device (e.g. a mouse, keyboard, camera, microphone or other sensor). In some embodiments the user input device may detect voice input, user gestures or other user actions and may provide a natural user interface (NUI). This user input may be used to configure the device for a particular user such as by receiving information about bone lengths of the user. In an embodiment the display device may also act as the user input device if it is a touch sensitive display device. The input/output controller may also output data to devices other than the display device, e.g. a locally connected printing device.
The term ‘computer’ or ‘computing-based device’ is used herein to refer to any device with processing capability such that it can execute instructions. Those skilled in the art will realize that such processing capabilities are incorporated into many different devices and therefore the terms ‘computer’ and ‘computing-based device’ each include PCs, servers, mobile telephones (including smart phones), tablet computers, set-top boxes, media players, games consoles, personal digital assistants and many other devices.
Any range or device value given herein may be extended or altered without losing the effect sought.
Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and/or acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as examples of implementing the claims and other equivalent features and acts are intended to be within the scope of the claims.
It will be understood that the benefits and advantages described above may relate to one embodiment or may relate to several embodiments or a combination thereof. The embodiments are not limited to those that solve any or all of the stated problems or those that have any or all of the stated benefits and advantages. It will further be understood that reference to ‘an’ item refers to one or more of those items.
The term ‘comprising’ is used herein to mean including the method blocks or elements identified, but that such blocks or elements do not comprise an exclusive list and a method or apparatus may contain additional blocks or elements.
It will be understood that the above description is given by way of example only and that various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art. The above specification, examples and data provide a complete description of the structure and use of exemplary embodiments. Although various embodiments have been described above with a certain degree of particularity, or with reference to one or more individual embodiments, those skilled in the art could make numerous alterations to or combinations of the disclosed embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this specification.
