Claims
- 1. An immunoassay method for a hydantoin or a barbiturate drug comprising the steps of:
- A. contacting a liquid sample containing the drug, with a labeled analog of the drug in the presence of immobilized antibodies for the drug under conditions that promote the formation of antibody-drug immunocomplexes;
- separating bound labeled drug analog from unbound labeled drug analog;
- B. contacting bound labeled drug analog or unbound labeled drug analog with a developer solution; separating bound labeled drug analog from unbound labeled drug analog; and
- C. determining the quantity of the drug in the liquid by measuring bound labeled or unbound labeled drug analog; wherein the labeled drug analog conforms to the structure: ##STR17## wherein A represents a hydantoin nucleus of the structure ##STR18## or a barbiturate nucleus of the structure ##STR19## wherein R.sub.1 each independently represents hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or phenyl;
- R.sub.2 represents C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkylene or such alkylene groups interrupted with at least one or more ester groups, amide groups --O--, --S--or --NR--, wherein R represents hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl;
- R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, each independently, represent C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkylene or such alkylene groups interrupted with ester groups, amide groups, --O--, --S-- or --NR--, wherein R represents hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl;
- R.sub.3 represents C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkylene;
- Z represents --O--, --S-- or --NR--, wherein R represents hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl;
- Label represents an enzyme
- m is 0, 1 or 2;
- n is 0, 1 or 2;
- m +n >0; and
- further provided that (i) at least one of the R.sub.1 groups is phenyl; and (ii) the bracketed components of structure I can appear therein in any order and wherein, the linking group is other than a derivative of a saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
- 2. An immunoassay element containing a labeled drug analogue according to claim 1.
- 3. The method of claim 1 in which the labeled drug analogue conforms to the structure wherein:
- each R.sub.1 independently represents ethyl or phenyl;
- R.sub.2 represents butylene;
- R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 each independently represents ethylene or hexylene;
- Z represents --O-- or --NH--; and
- Label represents enzyme.
- 4. The immunoassay of claim 1 wherein the label is horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or amine enriched horseradish peroxidase (AHRP), the labeled drug is a labeled phenytoin or phenobarbital analogue and the linking group connecting the drug hapten analogue to the horseradish peroxidase is selected from the group consisting of:
- tetramethylenecarbonyliminohexamethylene-iminocarbonylethylenecarbonyl,
- tetramethylenecarbonyl-1,4-piperazinylene-carbonylethylenecarbonyl, and
- tetramethylenecarbonyliminoethyleneoxy-carbonylethylenecarbonyl.
- 5. The method of any one of claims 3, 4, or 1 when carried out on an immunoassay element.
- 6. The immunoassay method of claim 1 wherein the structure ##STR20## in the linking chain is selected from the group consisting of 1,4-piperazinylene; and 1,3-imidazolidinylene.
- 7. An immunoassay element having a layer, zone or coating containing a labeled drug analog conforming to the structure: ##STR21## wherein A represents a hydantoin nucleus of the structure ##STR22## or a barbiturate nucleus of the structure ##STR23## wherein R.sub.1 each independently represents hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or phenyl;
- R.sub.2 represents C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkylene or such alkylene groups interrupted with at least one or more ester groups, amide groups --O--, --S--, or --NR--, wherein R represents hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl;
- R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, each independently, represents C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkylene or such alkylene groups interrupted with ester groups, amide groups, --O--, --S--, or --NR--, wherein R represents hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl;
- R.sub.3 represents C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkylene;
- Z represents --O--, --S--, or --NR--, wherein R represents hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl;
- Label represents an enzyme
- m is 0, 1, or 2;
- n is 0, 1, or 2;
- m +n >0;
- provided that (i) at least one of the R.sub.1 groups is phenyl; and (ii) the bracketed components of structure I can appear therein in any order and wherein the linking group is other than a derivative of a saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
Parent Case Info
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 851,436, filed Mar. 16, 1992, now abandoned, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 712,328, filed Jun. 7, 1991, now abandoned.
US Referenced Citations (9)
Non-Patent Literature Citations (3)
Entry |
Anderson et al, CA 109-162790d (1988). |
Bacquet et al, CA 104-65419d (1985). |
Farina et al, CA 99-2721d (1982). |
Continuations (2)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
851436 |
Mar 1992 |
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Parent |
712328 |
Jun 1991 |
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