Patent Application
20120118598
The invention relates to a vibration reducing technique of an impact tool which rectilinearly drives a tool bit in an axial direction of the tool bit via a swinging member.
WO 2005/105386 discloses an impact tool in the form of an electric hammer drill having a vibration reducing mechanism. In this known electric hammer drill, a dynamic vibration reducer is provided as a means for reducing vibration caused by hammering operation in the axial direction of a hammer bit, and a weight of the dynamic vibration reducer is forcibly driven by utilizing swinging movement of a swinging member in order to reduce vibration caused during hammering operation.
With the above-described construction, regardless of magnitude of vibration acting upon the impact tool, the dynamic vibration reducer can be steadily operated. In this known impact tool, however, further improvement is required in vibration reducing performance.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a technique for further improving vibration reducing performance, in an impact tool that rectilinearly drives a tool bit in an axial direction of the tool bit via a swinging member.
In order to solve the above-described problem, according to a representative embodiment according to the invention, an impact tool which performs a predetermined operation on a workpiece by rectilinear movement of a tool bit in an axial direction of the tool bit includes a motor, a rotating shaft, a swinging member, a tool driving mechanism and a vibration reducing member. The rotating shaft is disposed parallel to the axial direction of the tool bit and rotationally driven by the motor. The swinging member swings in the axial direction of the tool bit by rotation of the rotating shaft. The tool driving mechanism is connected to an end region of the swinging member in a direction transverse to the axis of the rotating shaft, and is caused to rectilinearly move in the axial direction of the tool bit by swinging movement of the swinging member, thereby rectilinearly driving the tool bit. The vibration reducing member serves to reduce vibration caused in the axial direction of the tool bit during operation of the tool bit.
Further, the “impact tool” according to the invention represents an electric hammer which performs a hammering operation by rectilinear striking movement of a hammer bit, and an electric hammer drill which performs a hammer drill operation by rectilinear striking movement and rotation of a hammer bit in the circumferential direction. The manner of “swinging in the axial direction of the tool bit by rotation of the rotating shaft” in this invention typically represents the manner in which the swinging member is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the axis of the rotating shaft and rotatably supported by the rotating shaft and the swinging member swings in the axial direction of the rotating shaft while rotating with respect to the rotating shaft by rotation of the rotating shaft. It however suitably includes the manner in which the swinging member inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the axis of the rotating shaft is supported by the rotating shaft and swings in the axial direction of the rotating shaft while rotating together with the rotating shaft. Further, the “vibration reducing member” in this invention typically includes a dynamic vibration reducer and a counter weight.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vibration reducing member is disposed on an opposite side of a rectilinear working axis of the tool bit from the rotating shaft, and the vibration reducing member is connected to a connecting part between the swinging member and the tool driving mechanism in such a manner as to be driven. According to the present invention, with the construction in which the vibration reducing member is disposed on an opposite side of a rectilinear working axis of the tool bit from the rotating shaft, the vibration reducing member is located close to a rectilinear working axis of the tool bit, or to the axis of vibration. As a result, the dynamic vibration reducing member performs a vibration reducing function in a position in which the amplitude of vibration is large, so that the vibration reducing performance is further improved.
According to a further embodiment of the impact tool of the present invention, the vibration reducing member comprises a dynamic vibration reducer of a forced vibration type, including a weight which rectilinearly moves in the axial direction of the tool bit under a biasing force of an elastic element, and the dynamic vibration reducer forcibly drives the weight and thereby reduces vibration caused during operation of the tool bit. In this invention, the dynamic vibration reducer is provided as the vibration reducing member and actively drives the weight of the dynamic vibration reducer. Therefore, regardless of magnitude of vibration acting upon the impact tool, the dynamic vibration reducer can be steadily operated. For example, in the case of an operation that the user performs while applying a strong pressing force to the impact tool, even though vibration reduction is highly required, the amount of input of vibration to the dynamic vibration reducer may be reduced so that the dynamic vibration reducer may not be properly operated. In the impact tool according to this invention, even in such an operation, an adequate vibration reducing function can be ensured.
According to a further embodiment of the impact tool of the present invention, the weight is driven by forcibly vibrating an elastic element receiving part for receiving the elastic element, by a movable member which is connected to the connecting part between the swinging member and the tool driving mechanism. With such a construction in which vibration force is mechanically inputted to the elastic element receiving part for receiving the elastic element, the amount of displacement of the elastic element receiving part can be arbitrarily set. Therefore, the weight can perfouu the vibration reducing function in the most suitable manner according to the magnitude of vibration caused during operation.
According to a further embodiment of the impact tool of the present invention, the swinging member is rotatably supported by the rotating shaft and swings in the axial direction of the tool bit by rotation of the rotating shaft. The impact tool further includes a power transmitting mechanism that transmits rotating power of the rotating shaft to the tool bit, and in drill mode in which the tool bit is caused to perform only rotation in the circumferential direction via the power transmitting mechanism, the biasing force of the elastic element is applied to the swinging member via the elastic element receiving part and the movable member, so that the swinging member is prevented from swinging following rotation of the rotating shaft. In drill mode, sliding friction is caused between the swinging member and the rotating shaft by rotation of the rotating shaft, and by the sliding friction, the swinging member tends to swing following rotation of the rotating shaft. According to this embodiment, the biasing force of the elastic element is applied to counter this sliding friction so that the swinging member is prevented from swinging following rotation of the rotating shaft. Thus, unintentional striking movement of the tool bit can be prevented.
According to this invention, in an impact tool that rectilinearly drives a tool bit in an axial direction of the tool bit via a swinging member, a technique for further improving vibration reducing performance is provided. Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be readily understood after reading the following detailed description together with the accompanying drawings and the claims.
Each of the additional features and method steps disclosed above and below may be utilized separately or in conjunction with other features and method steps to provide improved impact tools and devices utilized therein. Representative examples of this invention, which examples utilized many of these additional features and method steps in conjunction, will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. This detailed description is merely intended to teach a person skilled in the art further details for practicing preferred aspects of the present teachings and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Only the claims define the scope of the claimed invention. Therefore, combinations of features and steps disclosed within the following detailed description may not be necessary to practice the invention in the broadest sense, and are instead taught merely to particularly describe some representative examples of the invention, which detailed description will now be given with reference to the accompanying drawings.
An embodiment of the present invention is now described with reference to
The body 103 mainly includes a motor housing 105 that houses a driving motor 111, and a gear housing 107 that houses a motion converting mechanism 113, a striking mechanism 115 and a power transmitting mechanism 117. The motion converting mechanism 113, the striking mechanism 115 and the power transmitting mechanism 117 are disposed in an upper region within the body 103, and the driving motor 111 is disposed in a lower region within the body 103 such that its axis of rotation is inclined rearward to some extent with respect to the vertical direction transverse to the axial direction of the hammer bit 119. The driving motor 111 is a feature that corresponds to the “motor” according to the present invention. The motion converting mechanism 113 appropriately converts the rotating output of the driving motor 111 into rectilinear motion and then transmits it to the striking mechanism 115. Then, an impact force is generated in the axial direction of the hammer bit 119 (the horizontal direction as viewed in
As shown in
Further, a swinging rod 128 is formed on an upper end region of the swinging ring 129 and extends upward therefrom, and the swinging rod 128 is connected to an extending part 124 extending from a rear end of the cylindrical piston 141, via a piston joint pin 130. The piston joint pin 130 is a columnar member and is mounted such that it can rotate around its axis extending in a horizontal (transverse) direction transverse to the axial direction of the hammer bit 119 with respect to the extending part 124. The swinging rod 128 extends through the piston joint pin 130 and can slide in the radial direction (transversely) with respect to the piston joint pin 130. The cylindrical piston 141 is slidably disposed within the tool holder 137 and driven by swinging movement (its components in the axial direction of the hammer bit 119) of the swinging ring 129 so as to rectilinearly slide along the bore wall of the tool holder 137.
The striking mechanism 115 mainly includes a striking element in the form of a striker 143 that is slidably disposed within the bore of the piston 141, and an intermediate element in the form of an impact bolt 145 that is slidably disposed within the tool holder 137 and serves to transmit kinetic energy of the striker 143 to the hammer bit 119. The striker 143 is driven via air spring action of an air chamber 141a of the piston 141 by sliding movement of the piston 141. The striker 143 then collides with (strikes) the impact bolt 145 which is slidably disposed within the tool holder 137. As a result, a striking force caused by the collision is transmitted to the hammer bit 119 via the impact bolt 145. The cylindrical piston 141, the striker 143 and the impact bolt 145 form the “tool driving mechanism” according to this invention.
The power transmitting mechanism 117 mainly includes a first transmission gear 131 that is caused to rotate in a vertical plane by the driving motor 111 via the driving bevel gear 121 and the intermediate shaft 125, a second transmission gear 133 that is engaged with the first transmission gear 131, and a final shaft in the form of the tool holder 137 that is caused to rotate together with the second transmission gear 133. The rotational driving force of the tool holder 137 is transmitted to the hammer bit 119 held by the tool holder 137. The first transmission gear 131 is fitted onto the intermediate shaft 125 forward (on the hammer bit 119 side) of the swinging ring 129 such that it can move with respect to the intermediate shaft 125 in the axial direction and can rotate together with the intermediate shaft 125 in the circumferential direction. Further, the second transmission gear 133 is always held in engagement with the first transmission gear 131 and fitted onto the tool holder 137 such that it can rotate together with the tool holder 137 on the same axis.
In the hammer drill 101 having the above-described construction, when the driving motor 111 is driven, the driving bevel gear 121 is caused to rotate by the rotating output of the driving motor 111. Then, the rotating element 127 is caused to rotate in a vertical plane via the driven bevel gear 123 that is engaged with the driving bevel gear 121, and the intermediate shaft 125, which in turn causes the swinging ring 129 and the swinging rod 128 to swing in the axial direction of the hammer bit 119. Then the piston 141 is caused to rectilinearly slide by the swinging movement of the swinging rod 128. By the air spring action of the air chamber 143a of the piston 141 as a result of this sliding movement of the piston 141, the striker 143 rectilinearly moves within the piston 141 and collides with the impact bolt 145. Thus, the hammer bit 119 performs a hammering movement in the axial direction.
When the first transmission gear 131 is caused to rotate together with the intermediate shaft 125, the tool holder 137 and the hammer bit 119 held by the tool holder 137 rotate together via the second transmission gear 133 which is engaged with the first transmission gear 131. Thus, the hammer bit 119 performs a hammering movement in the axial direction and a drilling movement in the circumferential direction, so that an operation (drilling operation) is performed on the workpiece.
The electric hammer drill 101 can be switched not only to the above-described hammer drill mode in which the hammer bit 119 is caused to perform a hammering movement and a drilling movement in the circumferential direction, but to drill mode in which the hammer bit 119 is caused to perform only a drilling movement and to hammer mode in which the hammer bit 119 is caused to perform only a hammering movement. For this purpose, an operation mode switching clutch is disposed on the intermediate shaft 125.
The operation mode switching clutch mainly includes a clutch cam 146 which is disposed between the rotating element 127 of the motion converting mechanism 113 and the first transmission gear 131 of the power transmitting mechanism 171. The clutch cam 146 is fitted onto the intermediate shaft 125 such that it can move with respect to the intermediate shaft 125 in the axial direction and can rotate together with the intermediate shaft 125 in the circumferential direction. The clutch cam 146 has driving clutch teeth 146a, 146b formed on its front and rear surfaces. The rotating power of the intermediate shaft 125 is transmitted to the first transmission gear 131 when the front driving clutch teeth 146a are engaged with driven clutch teeth 147a formed on a rear surface of the first transmission gear 131. This power transmission is interrupted by disengagement of these clutch teeth. Further, the rotating power of the intermediate shaft 125 is transmitted to the rotating element 127 when the rear driving clutch teeth 146b are engaged with driven clutch teeth 147b formed on a front surface of the rotating element 127. This power transmission is interrupted by disengagement of these clutch teeth. Engagement and disengagement of the clutch cam 146 can be made by operating the operation mode switching member on the body 103, but this technique is well known and therefore its further description is omitted.
A vibration reducing mechanism which serves to reduce impulsive and cyclic vibration caused in the axial direction of the hammer bit 119 during operation of the electric hammer drill 101 is now described with reference to
When the hammer bit 119 performs a liner hammering movement, vibration is caused in the body 103 in the axial direction of the hammer bit 119. In this embodiment, as shown in
As shown in
The two guide rods 157 are connected at their front ends by a front plate 161 and also connected at their rear ends by a rear plate 162. Biasing springs 155 are elastically disposed between the front plate 161 and the projections 153a of the weight 153 and between the rear plate 162 and the projections 153a. The front and rear biasing springs 155 apply spring forces to the weight 153 toward each other when the weight 153 moves in the axial direction of the hammer bit 119 within the weight container 152. The front and rear plates 161, 162 are features that correspond to the “elastic element receiving part” according to the present invention. The front plate 161 is fixed to the two guide rods 157 and held pressed against a front wall of the weight container 152 by the biasing forces of the front biasing springs 155. The rear plate 162 is fitted onto the two guide rods 157 such that it can move with respect to the guide rods in their axial direction and pressed toward a rear wall of the weight container 152 by the biasing forces of the rear biasing springs 155.
An operating rod 163 is formed on the rear surface of the rear plate 162 and extends rearward substantially coaxially with the longitudinal axis of the weight 153. The operating rod 163 protrudes to the outside of the weight container 152 (into the internal space of the gear housing 107) through the rear wall of the weight container 152, and its protruding end is connected to the piston joint pin 130 via a joint arm 165.
The joint arm 165 is provided as a member for inputting vibration force by which the weight 153 of the dynamic vibration reducer 151 is actively driven and forcibly vibrated. The joint arm 165 is a feature that corresponds to the “movable member” according to this invention. The joint arm 165 is mounted to the gear housing 107 such that it can swing on a pivot shaft 167 in the fore-and-aft direction (the axial direction of the hammer bit 119). The joint arm 165 has a bifurcated engagement part 165a on its one end (lower end), and the engagement part 165a is slidably engaged with the piston joint pin 130. Therefore, when the swinging rod 128 of the swinging ring 129 is caused to swing in the fore-and-aft direction and thus the piston joint pin 130 is caused to rectilinearly move in the fore-and-aft direction, the joint arm 165 is caused to swing on the pivot shaft 167 in the fore-and-aft direction. A front surface of the other end of the joint arm 165 (on the opposite side of the pivot shaft 167 from the engagement part 165a) is held in contact with the end of the operating rod 163. The front surface of the other end of the joint arm 165 is designed as a pressure part 165b for pressing the operating rod 163 forward when the piston joint pin 130 moves rearward. As shown by two-dot chain line in
The operating rod 163 is disposed on the axis of the swinging rod 128. Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in
In the electric hammer drill 101 having the above-described construction, the dynamic vibration reducer 151 formed in the body 103 performs a vibration reducing function of reducing impulsive and cyclic vibration caused in the axial direction of the hammer bit 119 during operation. Specifically, in this embodiment, when the hammer drill 101 is driven, the joint arm 165 is caused to swing on the pivot shaft 167 in the axial direction of the hammer bit 119 by swinging movement of the swinging ring 129. When the joint arm 165 swings in one direction (forward in this embodiment), the pressure part 165b of the joint arm 165 rectilinearly moves the rear plate 162 of the dynamic vibration reducer 151 and presses the biasing springs 155 and thus moves the weight 153 in the direction in which it presses the biasing springs 155. Specifically, the weight 153 can be actively driven and forcibly vibrated. Thus, regardless of magnitude of vibration acting upon the body 103, the dynamic vibration reducer 151 can be steadily operated. For example, in the case of a hammering or hammer drill operation that the user performs while applying a strong pressing force to the hammer drill 101, even though vibration reduction is highly required, the amount of input of vibration to the dynamic vibration reducer 151 may be reduced due to this pressing force and the dynamic vibration reducer 151 may not be properly operated. Even in such an operation, an adequate vibration reducing function can be ensured by actively driving the weight 153.
Particularly, in this embodiment, the dynamic vibration reducer 151 is disposed above the rear region of the tool holder 137, or on the opposite side of the axis of the hammer bit 119 from the intermediate shaft 125. Thus the dynamic vibration reducer 151 is located close to the axis of vibration caused along the rectilinear working axis of the hammer bit 119. As a result, the dynamic vibration reducer 151 performs a vibration reducing function in a position in which the amplitude of vibration is large, so that the vibration reducing performance is further improved.
Further, in this embodiment, the rear plate 162 for receiving the biasing springs 155 which apply biasing forces to the weight 153 is mechanically vibrated by the joint arm 165, and the amount of displacement of the rear plate 162 can be easily adjusted by changing the position of the pivot (the pivot shaft 167) of the joint arm 165. Specifically, the amount of displacement of the rear plate 162 can be freely set such that the weight 153 can perform the vibration reducing function in the most suitable manner according to the magnitude of vibration caused during operation.
When the hammer drill 101 is driven with the operation mode switching clutch cam 146 engaged with the first transmission gear 131 and disengaged from the rotating element 127, or it is driven in drill mode in which the hammer bit 119 performs only drilling movement, the rotating element 127 tends to follow rotation of the intermediate shaft 125 by sliding friction which is caused between the intermediate shaft 125 and the rotating element 127 by rotation of the intermediate shaft 125. Specifically, the rotating element 127 tends to rotate together with the intermediate shaft 125, but at this time, the biasing forces of the biasing springs 155 of the dynamic vibration reducer 151 act as forces of inhibiting the swinging movement of the swinging ring 129 via the operating rod 163 and the joint arm 165, and thus act as forces of inhibiting the rotating element 127 from rotating together with the intermediate shaft 125. Therefore, the biasing forces of the biasing springs 155 are set such that these inhibiting forces become larger than the above-described sliding friction. With this arrangement, during operation in drill mode, the motion converting mechanism 113 can be prevented from being unintentionally operated, so that the hammering movement of the hammer bit 119 can be reliably prevented.
The contour of the gear housing 107, or particularly the contour of a region of the gear housing 107 above the axis of the hammer bit 119, is dimensioned to contain the second transmission gear 133 having the largest diameter of all of the members or parts disposed on the axis of the hammer bit 119. The tool holder 137 having a smaller diameter than the second transmission gear 133 extends rearward of the second transmission gear 133. Therefore, a space defined by the inner wall of the gear housing 107, a rear surface of the second transmission gear 133, and the rear outer surface 137a of the tool holder 137 exists as a dead space behind the second transmission gear 133. In this embodiment, the dynamic vibration reducer 151 is disposed by utilizing this dead space. Therefore, the dynamic vibration reducer 151 can be rationally installed without the need to increase the size of the gear housing (the body 103).
In this embodiment, the dynamic vibration reducer 151 is described as being used as the vibration reducing member, but in place of the dynamic vibration reducer 151, a counter weight may be used. Further, in this embodiment, the swinging ring 129 is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the axis of the intermediate shaft 125 and rotatably supported by the intermediate shaft 125 via the rotating element 127, and the swinging ring 129 is caused to swing in the axial direction of the intermediate shaft 125 by rotation of the rotating element 127. It may however be constructed such that the swinging ring 129 inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the axis of the intermediate shaft 125 is supported by the intermediate shaft 125 and caused to swing in the axial direction of the intermediate shaft 125 while rotating together with the intermediate shaft 125.
Further, in this embodiment, the hammer drill is described as being of the type in which the axis of rotation of the driving motor 111 extends in a direction transverse to the axial direction of the hammer bit 119. This invention may however be applied to a hammer drill of the type in which the axis of rotation of the driving motor 111 extends parallel to the axial direction of the hammer bit 119. Further, in this embodiment, the rechargeable hammer drill having the battery-powered driving motor 111 is explained as a representative example of the impact tool, but the present invention may also be applied to an electric hammer drill of the type which is driven by external power supply.
In view of above-described aspects of the invention, following features can be provided.
“The impact tool as defined in claim 1, further comprising a power transmitting mechanism that transmits rotating power of the rotating shaft to the tool bit, wherein the power transmitting mechanism includes a gear that rotates on the axis of the tool bit, and a tool holder that rotates together with the gear on the same axis and rotates the tool bit, and the dynamic vibration reducer is disposed in a region of an internal space of the tool body which is defined by a rear surface of the gear, a region of an outer surface of the tool holder which is located rearward of the gear, and an inner wall surface of the tool body.”
“The impact tool as defined in claim 2 or 3, wherein the rectilinear movement of the weight is guided via a plurality of guide members (guide rods) extending in the axial direction of the tool bit.”
“The impact tool as defined in claim 3, wherein the movable member comprises a joint arm that swings on a pivot shaft in the axial direction of the tool bit, and one end of the joint arm is engaged with the elastic element receiving part and the other end of the joint arm is engaged with the connecting part between the swinging member and the tool driving mechanism.”
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2009-113992 | May 2009 | JP | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2010/057767 | 5/6/2010 | WO | 00 | 1/13/2012 |
