The embodiments are generally directed to implants for supporting bone growth in a patient.
A variety of different implants are used in the body. Implants used in the body to stabilize an area and promote bone ingrowth provide both stability (i.e. minimal deformation under pressure over time) and space for bone ingrowth.
Some implants include portions that are inserted within recesses in bone. In some cases, at least a portion of an implant receiving recess may be generally preformed in the bone. For example, at least a portion of an implant receiving recess may be formed by a medullary cavity. In such cases, tools may be used to drill or ream out the cavity further. In other cases, the recess is completely formed in the bone with tools. The portions of implants that are inserted within recesses in bone often include structural features that facilitate bone ingrowth and securing the implant within the bone. For example, some implants include texture on the bone contacting surface. Some implants include porous surfaces, or gaps between structural members that permit bone ingrowth.
In some cases the inner surfaces of the recess within the bone may have irregularities due to the natural shape of the bone and/or imperfections in the surfaces prepared by the tools. Such irregularities can reduce the amount of surface contact between the bone and the implant, which can limit the effectiveness of the mechanical fixation of the implant within the bone.
The present disclosure is directed to implants having a substrate and a multi-layer bone interfacing lattice, wherein the layers have varying compressibility to conform to the irregularities in the recess within the bone. For example, the layers may be formed by a lattice of elongate curved structural members. Layers closest to the substrate may have less compressibility, and layers further away from the substrate may have more compressibility.
In one aspect, an implant may include a body including a substrate and a bone interfacing lattice disposed on the substrate. The bone interfacing lattice includes at least two layers of elongate curved structural members. In addition, the at least two layers of elongate curved structural members include a first layer adjacent the substrate and a second layer adjacent the first layer. Also, the first layer has a first deformability and the second layer has a second deformability, wherein the second deformability is greater than the first deformability.
In another aspect, an implant includes a body including a substrate and a bone interfacing lattice disposed on the substrate. The bone interfacing lattice includes at least two layers of elongate curved structural members. In addition, the at least two layers of elongate curved structural members includes a first layer adjacent the substrate and a second layer adjacent the first layer. Also, the first layer has a first compressibility and the second layer has a second compressibility, wherein the second compressibility is less than the first compressibility.
In another aspect, an implant includes a body including a substrate and a bone interfacing lattice disposed on the substrate. The bone interfacing lattice includes at least two layers of elongate curved structural members. In addition, the at least two layers of elongate curved structural members includes a first layer adjacent the substrate and a second layer adjacent the first layer. Also, the elongate curved structural members of the first layer have a first gauge and the elongate curved structural members of the second layer have a second gauge, wherein the second gauge is less than the first gauge.
Other systems, methods, features and advantages of the embodiments will be, or will become, apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following figures and detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features and advantages be included within this description and this summary, be within the scope of the embodiments, and be protected by the following claims.
The embodiments can be better understood with reference to the following drawings and description. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale, with emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the embodiments. Moreover, in the figures, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the different views.
The embodiments described herein are directed to implants including portions for insertion within recesses in bone. The portions configured for insertion within the recesses each include a body having a substrate or central portion and a multi-layer bone interfacing lattice. The layers of the bone interfacing lattice may include elongate curved structural members. Such structural members may have any of a variety of curved configurations. For example, the structural members may include portions that are helical, spiraled, coiled, sinusoidal, arched, or otherwise curved. Examples of such curved configurations are provided in the following applications.
In addition to the various provisions discussed below, any of the embodiments disclosed herein may make use of any of the body/support structures, frames, plates, coils or other structures disclosed in McShane III et al., U.S. Pat. No. 10,478,312, issued on Nov. 19, 2019, and titled “Implant with Protected Fusion Zones,” and which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. For purposes of convenience, this application will be referred to throughout the present application as “The Protective Fusion Zones application.”
Also, any of the embodiments disclosed herein may make use of any of the body/support structures, elements, frames, plates or other structures disclosed in McShane III et al., U.S. Publication Number 2017/0042697, published on Feb. 16, 2017, and titled “Implant with Arched Bone Contacting Elements,” and which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Also, any of the embodiments disclosed herein may make use of any of the body/support structures, elements, frames, plates or other structures disclosed in Bishop et al., U.S. Pat. No. 10,512,549, issued on Dec. 24, 2019, and titled “Implant with Structural Members Arranged Around a Ring,” and which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety and referred to herein as “The Ring application.”
Also, any of the embodiments disclosed herein may make use of any of the body/support structures, elements, frames, plates, or other structures disclosed in Morris et al., U.S. Publication Number 2016/0324656, published on Nov. 10, 2016, and titled “Coiled Implants and Systems and Methods of Use Thereof,” and which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety and referred to herein as “The Coiled Implant Application.”
Also, any of the embodiments disclosed herein may make use of any of the body/support structures, elements, frames, plates, or other structures disclosed in Nyahay et al., U.S. Pat. No. 10,357,377, issued on Jul. 23, 2019, and entitled “Implant with Bone Contacting Elements Having Helical and Undulating Planar Geometries,” and which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Also, any of the embodiments disclosed herein may make use of any of the body/support structures, elements, frames, plates, or other structures disclosed in Nyahay et al., U.S. Pat. No. 10,667,924, issued on Jun. 2, 2020, and entitled “Corpectomy Implant,” and which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Also, any of the embodiments disclosed herein may make use of any of the body/support structures, elements, frames, plates, or other structures disclosed in Bishop et al., U.S. Pat. No. 10,213,317, issued Feb. 26, 2019, and entitled “Implant with Supported Helical Members,” and which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
As used herein, the term “fixedly attached” shall refer to two components joined in a manner such that the components may not be readily separated (for example, without destroying one or both components).
For purposes of clarity, reference is made to various directional adjectives throughout the detailed description and in the claims. As used herein, the term “anterior” refers to a side or portion of an implant that is intended to be oriented towards the front of the human body when the implant has been placed in the body. Likewise, the term “posterior” refers to a side or portion of an implant that is intended to be oriented towards the back of the human body following implantation. In addition, the term “superior” refers to a side or portion of an implant that is intended to be oriented towards a top (e.g., the head) of the body while “inferior” refers to a side or portion of an implant that is intended to be oriented towards a bottom of the body. Reference is also made herein to “lateral” sides or portions of an implant, which are sides, or portions, facing along a lateral direction of the body (and which correspond with the left or right sides of a patient).
An implant may also be associated with various reference planes or surfaces. As used herein, the term “median plane” refers to a vertical plane which passes from the anterior side to the posterior side of the implant, dividing the implant into right and left halves, or lateral halves. As used herein, the term “transverse plane” refers to a horizontal plane that divides the implant into superior and inferior portions. As used herein, the term “coronal plane” refers to a vertical plane located in the center of the implant that divides the implant into anterior and posterior halves. In some embodiments, the implant is symmetric about one or more of these planes.
Bone interfacing lattice 115 may be fixedly attached to substrate 110 in any suitable manner. For example, in some embodiments, body 105 may be 3D printed, such that substrate 110 and bone interfacing lattice 115 are a continuous unitary structure. In other embodiments, bone interfacing lattice 115 may be sintered, welded, thermally bonded, or otherwise joined to substrate 115.
Portions of implants configured to be inserted into recesses in bone may include provisions to promote bone ingrowth. For example, bone interfacing surfaces of implants may include porous structures, such as a lattice of elongate curved structural members. In some embodiments, the porous structures may include provisions to maximize the amount of surface contact between the porous bone interfacing lattice of the implants and the bone. For example, in some embodiments, the bone interfacing lattice may include portions that are conformable to the interior wall of the recess in the bone.
As shown in
The bone interfacing lattice may include at least two layers having differing deformabilities. For example, inner layers (positioned closer to the substrate) may have a low deformability (or even substantially no deformability in practical use). Outer layers (positioned further from the substrate) may have greater deformability. Accordingly, these outer layers may deform in order to conform to the inner wall of the recess in the bone. The bone interfacing lattice includes at least two layers of elongate curved structural members. In some embodiments, the bone interfacing lattice may have three or more layers of elongate curved structural members, wherein the three or more layers have differing deformabilities.
As shown in
The layers of bone interfacing lattice 115 may be fixedly attached to one another in any suitable manner. For example, in some embodiments, body 105 may be 3D printed, such that the layers form a continuous unitary structure. In other embodiments, the layers may be sintered, welded, thermally bonded, or otherwise joined to one another. In addition, first layer 120 may be fixedly attached to substrate 110.
First layer 120 may have a first deformability, second layer 125 may have a second deformability, and third layer 130 may have a third deformability. In some embodiments, the second deformability of second layer 125 may be greater than the first deformability of first layer 120. In addition, the third deformability of third layer 130 may be greater than the second deformability of second layer 125.
Each layer of the lattice structure may include a plurality of elongate curved structural members. The configuration of the elongate curved structural members may vary from layer to layer in order to provide the respective layers with differing amounts of deformability. The layers can be deformable in any of a variety of ways (e.g., elastic vs. plastic deformation) described in more detail below. In addition, the configuration of the elongate curved structural members can differ in a variety of ways to provide the variance in deformability.
In some embodiments, the respective layers may be provided with differing amounts of elastic deformability. In some embodiments, the respective layers may be provided with differing amounts of plastic deformability. In some embodiments, a given layer may be configured to maintain its thickness but deform by bending as a whole. In other cases, a layer may be configured to collapse, for example, by compressing. Thus, in some embodiments, the layers of the lattice may have different compressibilities. For example, in some embodiments, outer layers may be more compressible than inner layers. That is, the outer layers may have a greater capacity for the thickness of the layers to collapse. In some embodiments, the further the layer is from the substrate of the implant, the greater the compressibility, with the outermost (i.e., bone contacting) layer being the most compressible.
In some embodiments, a combination of varying compressibility and varying deformability may be utilized. For example, in some embodiments, an innermost layer may be substantially non-deformable, an outermost layer may be deformable by bending, but may maintain its thickness despite deforming. That is, the outermost layer may deflect inward in order to conform to the inner surface of the bone recess. In order to permit the inward deflection of the outermost layer, an intermediate layer between the innermost layer and the outermost layer may be relatively compressible. Thus, the compressible intermediate layer may collapse in various locations to accommodate the inward deflection of the outermost layer. However, since the outermost layer does not collapse to reduce its thickness, the porosity of the outermost layer may be preserved in deflected areas, which may maximize the capacity of the outermost bone contacting layer to permit bone ingrowth. Other arrangements of layers having differing deformabilities are also possible. Among other alternatives, more than three layers may be used to form the lattice. In some embodiments, different portions of the same lattice layer may have different deformabilities.
In some embodiments, the densities of the elongate curved structural members may vary. For example, outer layers may have lower densities than inner layers. For purposes of this disclosure, the term densities shall refer to ratio of open space to volume occupied by elongate curved structural members. A lower density of structural members provides a layer with greater porosity. Thus, lower densities in the outer layers provide a more porous bone contacting surface. The greater porosity may facilitate bone ingrowth. In addition, the greater porosity may enable the outer layers to maintain a desired level of porosity even when the layers are partially compressed upon implantation.
In some embodiments, the outer layers may be formed of different materials than the inner layers. For example, in some embodiments, the outer layers may be formed of more flexible or more deformable materials than the inner layers.
In some embodiments, the gauge of the elongate curved structural members may differ from layer to layer. That is, the cross-sectional size of the elongate curved structural members may be larger in some layers and smaller in other layers. For example, in some embodiments, the further from the substrate a layer is disposed, the smaller the gauge of the elongate curved structural members in the layer. The smaller gauge renders the structural members to be more deformable (plastically or elastically).
As shown in
The configuration of curved structural members may be regular or irregular. That is, the members may be arranged in a regular pattern or in a random arrangement. Some of the structural members within each layer may overlap or intersect with one another. In some cases, the cross-sectional size and/or shape of a structural member could vary along its length (e.g., the diameter could change along the length of a structural member).
Embodiments can include provisions for protecting bone growth along and adjacent to elongate curved structural members of an implant. In some embodiments, an elongate curved structural member can be configured with a geometry that helps to protect new bone growth in selected regions or “protected fusion zones.” In some embodiments, an elongate curved structural member can have a spiral, helical or twisted geometry that provides a series of such protected fusion zones for enhanced bone growth.
Some elongate curved structural members may have a generalized helical geometry. As used herein, a “generalized helical geometry” or “spiraling geometry” refers to a geometry where a part (portion, member, etc.) winds, turns, twists, rotates or is otherwise curved around a fixed path. In some cases, the fixed path could be straight. In other cases, the fixed path can be curved. In the present embodiments, for example, the fixed path is generally a combination of straight segments and curved segments.
Curves having a generalized helical geometry (also referred to as generalized helical curves) may be characterized by “coils,” “turns,” or “windings” about a fixed path. Exemplary parameters that may characterize the specific geometry of a generalized helical curve can include coil diameter (including both a major and minor diameter) and the pitch (i.e., spacing between adjacent coils). In some cases, the “amplitude” of a coil or loop may also be used to describe the diameter or widthwise dimension of the coil or loop. Each of these parameters could be constant or could vary over the length of a generalized helical curve.
Generalized helical curves need not be circular or even round. In some embodiments, for example, a generalized helical curve could have linearly-segmented shape (or locally polygonal shape) such that each “coil” or “turn” is comprised of straight line segments rather than arcs or other curved segments. Generalized helical curves may also include combinations of curved and straight segments.
The arrangement of elongate curved structural members may be designed to achieve a desired total open volume. As used herein a total open volume is the combined volume of any openings between structural members or between structural members and the substrate. This open configuration may facilitate bone growth in and through the implant. A portion, or substantially all of, the open spaces may be filled with a bone graft or bone growth promoting material prior to insertion of the implant to facilitate bone growth.
The implantation process may begin with the application of a bone growth promoting material, also referred to as a BGPM, to the implant. As used herein, a “bone growth promoting material” is any material that helps bone growth. Bone growth promoting materials may include provisions that are freeze dried onto a surface or adhered to the metal through the use of linker molecules or a binder. Examples of bone growth promoting materials are any materials including bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), such as BMP-1, BMP-2, BMP-4, BMP-6, and BMP-7. These are hormones that convert stem cells into bone forming cells. Further examples include recombinant human BMPs (rhBMPs), such as rhBMP-2, rhBMP-4, and rhBMP-7. Still further examples include platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), collagen, BMP mimetic peptides, as well as RGD peptides. Generally, combinations of these chemicals may also be used. These chemicals can be applied using a sponge, matrix or gel.
Some bone growth promoting materials may also be applied to an implantable prosthesis through the use of a plasma spray or electrochemical techniques. Examples of these materials include, but are not limited to, hydroxyapatite, beta tri-calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, as well as other chemicals.
A bone growth promoting material can include, or may be used in combination with a bone graft or a bone graft substitute. A variety of materials may serve as bone grafts or bone graft substitutes, including autografts (harvested from the iliac crest of the patient's body), allografts, demineralized bone matrix, and various synthetic materials.
Some embodiments may use autograft. Autograft provides the implantation site with calcium collagen scaffolding for the new bone to grow on (osteoconduction). Additionally, autograft contains bone-growing cells, mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblast that regenerate bone. Lastly, autograft contains bone-growing proteins, including bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs), to foster new bone growth in the patient.
Bone graft substitutes may comprise synthetic materials including calcium phosphates or hydroxyapatites, stem cell containing products which combine stem cells with one of the other classes of bone graft substitutes, and growth factor containing matrices such as INFUSE® (rhBMP-2-containing bone graft) from Medtronic, Inc.
It should be understood that the provisions listed here are not meant to be an exhaustive list of possible bone growth promoting materials, bone grafts, or bone graft substitutes.
In some embodiments, BGPM may be applied to one or more outer surfaces of an implant. In other embodiments, BGPM may be applied to internal volumes within an implant. In still other embodiments, BGPM may be applied to both external surfaces and internally within an implant.
As shown in
Accordingly, the dimensions of the elongate curved structural members can vary. In some embodiments, the elongate curved structural members can have cross-sectional diameters ranging between 0.2 and 3 mm. For example, in some embodiments the elongate curved structural members of first layer 120 may be approximately 1.0 mm in diameter, the elongate curved structural members of second layer 125 may be approximately 0.6 mm in diameter, and the elongate curved structural members of third layer 130 may be approximately 0.3 mm in diameter.
In some embodiments, the interface between layers may have a substantially negligible thickness. In other embodiments, the interface between the first layer and the second layer is a transition region having a thickness within which the elongate curved structural members of the first layer are intermingled with the elongate curved structural members of the second layer. Similarly, the interface between the second layer and the third layer may also be a transition region having a thickness, within which the elongate curved structural members of the second layer are intermingled with the elongate curved structural members of the third layer.
Implant 100 may be configured to be implanted within any of a variety of bones within the body of a human or animal. In some embodiments, body 105 of implant 100 may be configured for implantation into the medullary cavity of long bones, such as the femur or humerus. In some embodiments, body 105 of implant 100 may be configured for implantation into a drilled or reamed recess in cortical or trabecular bone.
As shown in
In some embodiments, some layer transitions may have a thickness, and others may not. For example, in some embodiments, the transition between the first (innermost) layer and the second layer may have a thickness, whereas the transition between the second (middle) layer and the third (outermost) layer may not have a thickness. In such embodiments, since the first layer may not deform much, if at all, having a transition with thickness to the second layer may not unduly alter the deformability of the first layer. Whereas, for the transition between the second layer and the third layer, a transition without thickness may be preferred in order to maintain the relative deformability properties of the respective layers and the lattice as a whole.
In some embodiments, a multi-layer bone interfacing lattice may be implemented on metaphyseal sleeves. Such sleeves are utilized, for example, during revision surgeries when a significant amount of bone resorption has taken place. The sleeves take up the space between an implant post and the inner surface of the bone recess, which has become enlarged due to bone resorption and/or further reaming performed to prepare the recess for a new implant.
As further shown in
As also shown in
As shown in
In addition, the screw fixation of pelvic component 1106 may be supplemented with bone ingrowth into outer surfaces of pelvic component 1106. For example, as shown in
Additionally, in some embodiments, pelvic component 1106 may include one or more posts, such as a first post 1108 and a second post 1109. Upon implantation of pelvic component 1106, first post 1108 may be inserted into a first hole 1130, which may be drilled into acetabulum 1120. Similarly, upon implantation of pelvic component 1106, second post 1109 may be inserted into a second hole 1130, which may be drilled into acetabulum 1120. In some embodiments, first post 1108 and second post 1109 may have outer surfaces including a multi-layer bone interfacing lattice similar to that described in other embodiments discussed herein. The multi-layer bone interfacing lattice of first post 1108 and second post 1109 may promote bone ingrowth into the surfaces of these posts, and thus, provide additional fixation of pelvic component 1106 to pelvis 1125. Stippling indicates general areas of first post 1108 and second post 1109 that may include a multi-layer bone interfacing lattice.
Base component 1235 may be affixed within glenoid cavity 1225 with several mechanisms. For example, base component 1235 may be affixed within glenoid cavity 1225 by bone ingrowth into outer surfaces of base component 1235. For example, as shown in
Additionally, in some embodiments, base component 1235 may include one or more posts, such as a first post 1245 and a second post 1250. Upon implantation of base component 1235, first post 1245 may be inserted into a first hole 1255, which may be drilled into glenoid cavity 1225. Similarly, upon implantation of base component 1235, second post 1250 may be inserted into a second hole 1260, which may be drilled into glenoid cavity 1225. In some embodiments, first post 1245 and second post 1250 may have outer surfaces including a multi-layer bone interfacing lattice similar to that described in other embodiments discussed herein. The multi-layer bone interfacing lattice of first post 1245 and second post 1250 may promote bone ingrowth into the surfaces of these posts, and thus, provide additional fixation of base component 1235 to glenoid cavity 1225. Stippling indicates general areas of first post 1245 and second post 1250 that may include a multi-layer bone interfacing lattice.
Baseplate 1318 may include a bone contacting surface having one or more recesses 1340. Recesses 1340 may be at least partially filled with a multi-layer bone interfacing lattice to promote bone ingrowth.
Talar component 1310 may also include one or more posts 1330 configured for insertion into one or more recesses in the proximal end of a talus 1335. The one or more recesses may be at least partially formed by the surgeon via cutting, drilling, reaming, or other bone shaping processes. Posts 1330 may also include a multi-layer bone interfacing lattice to facilitate maximum bone contacting surface within the recess. Stippling indicates general areas of posts 1330 that may include a multi-layer bone interfacing lattice.
In addition, other intramedullary implants are also possible. For example, in some embodiments, an implant having dual, concentric helical members may be utilized.
The inner and outer spirals may have separate starting points akin to a dual-start thread. In addition, the inner and outer spirals may be joined to one another at the ends. For example, as shown in
Implant 2100 may be configured to be placed within elongate bones, such as phalanges of the hand or foot. In some cases, implant 2100 may be configured to be implanted in the intramedullary space of larger bones, such as the femur or humerus. In some embodiments a first end 2110 of implant 2100 may be inserted into a first bone or first piece of bone, and a second end 2115 of implant 2100 may be inserted into a separate bone or piece of bone. By inserting opposing ends of implant 2100 into separate bones (e.g., phalanges) or pieces of bones (e.g., broken long bones), implant 2100 may stabilize these bones to facilitate fusion of separate bones or healing of separate broken bone pieces.
In order to prevent egress of implant 2100 after implantation, implant 2100 may include one or more spikes 2120. Spikes 2120 may be configured to facilitate insertion of implant 2100 but prevent removal of implant 2100 as well as preventing rotation of implant 2100 about longitudinal axis 2108. For example, implant may include a first spike 2125 located proximate first end 2110 of implant 2100. First spike 2125 may include a first surface 2130 facing away from first end 2110 and extending substantially perpendicularly with respect to longitudinal axis 2108. First spike 2125 may also include a second surface 2135 facing toward first end 2110 of implant 2100 and extending at a non-zero angle with respect to longitudinal axis 2108. That is, as second surface 2135 extends away from the surface of support members 2105, second surface 2135 slopes away from first end 2110 of implant 2100. The slope of second surface 2135 may facilitate insertion of implant 2100 and the perpendicular configuration of first surface 2130 may prevent removal of implant 2100 from within a bone into which it has been implanted.
As shown in
As illustrated in
The various components of an implant may be fabricated from biocompatible materials suitable for implantation in a human body, including but not limited to, metals (e.g. titanium or other metals), synthetic polymers, ceramics, and/or their combinations, depending on the particular application and/or preference of a medical practitioner.
Generally, the implant can be formed from any suitable biocompatible, non-degradable material with sufficient strength. Typical materials include, but are not limited to, titanium, biocompatible titanium alloys (e.g. γTitanium Aluminides, Ti6—Al4—V ELI (ASTM F 136 and F 3001), or Ti6—Al4—V (ASTM F 2989, F 1108 and ASTM F 1472)) and inert, biocompatible polymers, such as polyether ether ketone (PEEK) (e.g. PEEK-OPTIMA®, Invibio Inc and Zeniva Solvay Inc.). Optionally, the implant contains a radiopaque marker to facilitate visualization during imaging.
In different embodiments, processes for making an implant can vary. In some embodiments, the entire implant may be manufactured and assembled via readditional/CNC machining, injection-molding, casting, insert-molding, co-extrusion, pultrusion, transfer molding, overmolding, compression molding, 3-Dimensional (3-D) printing (including Direct Metal Laser Sintering and Electron Beam Melting), dip-coating, spray-coating, powder-coating, porous-coating, milling from a solid stock material and their combinations. Moreover, the embodiments can make use of any of the features, parts, assemblies, processes and/or methods disclosed in the “The Coiled Implant Application.”
While various embodiments have been described, the description is intended to be exemplary, rather than limiting, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that many more embodiments and implementations are possible that are within the scope of the embodiments. Although many possible combinations of features are shown in the accompanying figures and discussed in this detailed description, many other combinations of the disclosed features are possible. Any feature of any embodiment may be used in combination with or substituted for any other feature or element in any other embodiment unless specifically restricted. Therefore, it will be understood that any of the features shown and/or discussed in the present disclosure may be implemented together in any suitable combination. Accordingly, the embodiments are not to be restricted except in light of the attached claims and their equivalents. Also, various modifications and changes may be made within the scope of the attached claims.
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/791,232, filed Oct. 23, 2017, and entitled “Implant with Multi-Layer Bone Interfacing Lattice,” which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/412,657, filed Oct. 25, 2016, both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20210307909 A1 | Oct 2021 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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62412657 | Oct 2016 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 15791232 | Oct 2017 | US |
Child | 17346786 | US |