The present disclosure pertains to medical devices, and more particularly to implantable medical devices that have an electrode for sensing physiological activity and/or for delivering therapy.
Implantable medical devices are commonly used today to monitor physiological or other parameters of a patient and/or deliver therapy to a patient. For example, to help patients with heart related conditions, various medical devices (e.g., pacemakers, defibrillators, etc.) can be implanted in a patient's body. Such devices may monitor and in some cases provide electrical stimulation (e.g. pacing, defibrillation, etc.) to the patient's heart to help the heart operate in a more normal, efficient and/or safe manner. In another example, neuro stimulators can be used to stimulate tissue of a patient to help alleviate pain and/or other condition. In yet another example, an implantable medical device may simply be an implantable monitor that monitors one or more physiological or other parameters of the patient, and communicates the sensed parameters to another device such as another implanted medical device or an external device.
The present disclosure pertains to medical devices, and more particularly to implantable medical devices (IMD) that have an electrode for sensing physiological activity and/or for delivering therapy. The implantable medical devices (IMD) may be, for example, leadless cardiac pacemakers (LCP), subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillators (SICD), transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillators, neuro-stimulators (NS), implantable monitors (IM), and/or the like.
In one example, an implantable medical device (IMD) may be configured to deliver therapy to a patient's heart. The IMD may include a housing having a distal end and a proximal end and a controller that is disposed within the housing. A power supply may be disposed within the housing and may be operably coupled with the controller. The IMD may include a distal electrode assembly having a distal electrode supported by a distal electrode support. The distal electrode support may be secured relative to the housing and configured to bias the distal electrode toward an extended position in which the distal electrode extends distally from the distal end of the housing. The distal electrode support may further be configured to allow the distal electrode to move proximally relative to the extended position in response to an axial force applied to the distal electrode in the proximal direction. The distal electrode may be operably coupled to the controller. The distal electrode support may have a length, and in some cases may include a tissue ingrowth inhibiting outer sleeve that extends along the length of the distal electrode support, wherein the tissue ingrowth inhibiting outer sleeve has a proximal end and a distal end and a length between the proximal end and the distal end. The length of the tissue ingrowth inhibiting outer sleeve may be configured to shorten when the distal electrode moves proximally relative to the extended position, and to lengthen when the distal electrode moves back distally toward the extended position in order to accommodate movement of the distal electrode. In some cases, the IMD may include a proximal electrode operably coupled to the controller. The controller may be configured to sense one or more cardiac signals and/or deliver therapy via the distal electrode and the proximal electrode.
Alternatively or additionally, the distal electrode support may include a spring that biases the distal electrode toward the extended position.
Alternatively or additionally, the distal electrode may be supported by the spring, which may be conductive and may form at least part of an electrical connection between the distal electrode and the controller.
Alternatively or additionally, an outer surface of the conductive spring may be electrically insulative so that the spring may be electrically isolated from blood or tissue of the patient.
Alternatively or additionally, an outer surface of the conductive spring may include an oxide layer.
Alternatively or additionally, an outer surface of the conductive spring may include an polymer layer.
Alternatively or additionally, the spring may include a coil spring, a leaf spring or a wave spring.
Alternatively or additionally, the spring may include a machined spring with a distal end of the machined spring forming the distal electrode.
Alternatively or additionally, the spring may include Nitinol.
Alternatively or additionally, the distal electrode support may include a post that is axially movable relative to the housing and that biases the distal electrode toward the extended position.
Alternatively or additionally, the tissue ingrowth inhibiting outer sleeve may include a polymeric tube that extends at least partially between the distal electrode and the distal end of the housing.
Alternatively or additionally, the tissue ingrowth inhibiting outer sleeve may include an electrospun polymer.
Alternatively or additionally, the tissue ingrowth inhibiting outer sleeve may be woven.
Alternatively or additionally, the tissue ingrowth inhibiting outer sleeve may include a bellows structure.
Alternatively or additionally, the IMD may further include one or more tines extending distally from the housing and then curling back proximally to engage the patient's tissue and to fix the IMD to the patient.
In another example, a leadless cardiac pacemaker (LCP) may configured to sense and/or pace a patient's heart. The LCP may include a housing and a fixation assembly that extends distally from the housing in a deployed configuration in which the fixation assembly fixes the LCP to the patient's heart. In some cases, the fixation assembly may include one or more tines extending distally from the housing and then curling back proximally to engage the patient's heart and to fix the LCP to the patient's heart. A distal electrode may be secured relative to the housing and may be biased to an extended position in which the distal electrode extends distally beyond the fixation assembly when the fixation assembly is in the deployed configuration. The LCP may also include a proximal electrode located proximally of the distal electrode. A controller may be disposed within the housing and may be operably coupled to the distal electrode and the proximal electrode such that the controller is able to sense cardiac electrical activity and/or deliver therapy via the distal electrode and the proximal electrode.
Alternatively or additionally, the LCP may further include a spring that biases the distal electrode to the extended position.
Alternatively or additionally, the LCP may further include a tissue ingrowth inhibiting outer sleeve that may be disposed between the housing and the distal electrode.
In another example, a leadless cardiac pacemaker (LCP) may be configured to sense and/or pace a patient's heart. The LCP may include a housing including a distal end, a controller disposed within the housing and a spring extending distally from the distal end of the housing. A distal electrode may be coupled to the spring and the spring may bias the distal electrode to an extended position in which the distal electrode extends distally from the distal end of the housing. The spring may be configured to allow the distal electrode to move in response to an applied force. The LCP may include a flexible polymeric tissue ingrowth inhibiting outer sleeve that is disposed about the spring. A proximal electrode may be operably coupled with the controller and may be located more proximal than the distal electrode. The controller may be configured to sense cardiac electrical activity and to deliver therapy via the distal electrode and the proximal electrode.
The above summary of some illustrative embodiments is not intended to describe each disclosed embodiment or every implementation of the present disclosure. The Figures, and Description, which follow, more particularly exemplify some of these embodiments.
The disclosure may be more completely understood in consideration of the following detailed description in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:
While the disclosure is amenable to various modifications and alternative forms, specifics thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and will be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the intention is not to limit the disclosure to the particular embodiments described. On the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the disclosure.
For the following defined terms, these definitions shall be applied, unless a different definition is given in the claims or elsewhere in this specification.
All numeric values are herein assumed to be modified by the term “about,” whether or not explicitly indicated. The term “about” generally refers to a range of numbers that one of skill in the art would consider equivalent to the recited value (i.e., having the same function or result). In many instances, the terms “about” may include numbers that are rounded to the nearest significant figure.
The recitation of numerical ranges by endpoints includes all numbers within that range (e.g. 1 to 5 includes 1, 1.5, 2, 2.75, 3, 3.80, 4, and 5).
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a”, “an”, and “the” include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term “or” is generally employed in its sense including “and/or” unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.
It is noted that references in the specification to “an embodiment”, “some embodiments”, “other embodiments”, etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include one or more particular features, structures, and/or characteristics. However, such recitations do not necessarily mean that all embodiments include the particular features, structures, and/or characteristics. Additionally, when particular features, structures, and/or characteristics are described in connection with one embodiment, it should be understood that such features, structures, and/or characteristics may also be used connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described unless clearly stated to the contrary.
The following detailed description should be read with reference to the drawings in which similar structures in different drawings are numbered the same. The drawings, which are not necessarily to scale, depict illustrative embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. While the present disclosure is applicable to any suitable implantable medical device (IMD), the description below often uses pacemakers and more particularly leadless cardiac pacemakers (LCP) as particular examples.
Cardiac pacemakers provide electrical stimulation to heart tissue to cause the heart to contract and thus pump blood through the vascular system. Conventional pacemakers typically include an electrical lead that extends from a pulse generator implanted subcutaneously or sub-muscularly to an electrode positioned adjacent the inside or outside wall of the cardiac chamber. As an alternative to conventional pacemakers, self-contained or leadless cardiac pacemakers have been proposed. Leadless cardiac pacemakers are small capsules typically fixed to an intracardiac implant site in a cardiac chamber. The small capsule typically includes bipolar pacing/sensing electrodes, a power source (e.g. a battery), and associated electrical circuitry for controlling the pacing/sensing electrodes, and thus provide electrical stimulation to heart tissue and/or sense a physiological condition.
In some cases, the first electrode 20 may be disposed on a distal electrode support 21 (see
In
In some cases, and with respect to the second electrode 22, the housing 12 may include a conductive material and may be insulated along a portion of its length. A section along the proximal end 14 may be free of insulation so as to define the second electrode 22. The electrodes 20, 22 may be sensing and/or pacing electrodes to provide electro-therapy and/or sensing capabilities. The first electrode 20 may be capable of being positioned against or may otherwise contact the cardiac tissue of the heart H while the second electrode 22 may be spaced away from the first electrode 20, and thus spaced away from the cardiac tissue.
The implantable device 10 may include a pulse generator (e.g., electrical circuitry) and a power source (e.g., a battery) within the housing 12 to provide electrical signals to the electrodes 20, 22 and thus control the pacing/sensing electrodes 20, 22. Electrical communication between the pulse generator and the electrodes 20, 22 may provide electrical stimulation to heart tissue and/or sense a physiological condition.
In the example shown in
In some cases, the implantable device 10 may include a docking member 30 proximate the proximal end 14 of the housing 12. The docking member 30 may be configured to facilitate delivery and/or retrieval of the implantable device 10. For example, the docking member 30 may extend from the proximal end 14 of the housing 12 along a longitudinal axis of the housing 12. The docking member 30 may include a head portion 32 and a neck portion 34 extending between the housing 12 and the head portion 32. The head portion 32 may be an enlarged portion relative to the neck portion 34. For example, the head portion 32 may have a radial dimension from the longitudinal axis of the implantable device 10 which is greater than a radial dimension of the neck portion 34 from the longitudinal axis of the implantable device 10. The docking member 30 may further include a tether retention structure 36 extending from the head portion 32. The tether retention structure 36 may define an opening 38 configured to receive a tether or other anchoring mechanism therethrough. While the retention structure 36 is shown as having a generally “U-shaped” configuration, the retention structure 36 may take any shape which provides an enclosed perimeter surrounding the opening 38 such that a tether may be securably and releasably passed (e.g. looped) through the opening 38. The retention structure 36 may extend though the head portion 32, along the neck portion 34, and to or into the proximal end 14 of the housing 12. The docking member 30 may be configured to facilitate delivery of the implantable device 10 to the intracardiac site and/or retrieval of the implantable device 10 from the intracardiac site. This is just one example, and other docking members 30 are contemplated.
The illustrative IMD 40 includes a distal electrode assembly 52 that includes a distal electrode 54 that is supported by a distal electrode support 56. The distal electrode support 56, which may take various forms, is secured or securable to the housing 42 and is configured to bias the distal electrode 54 toward an extended position in which the distal electrode 54 extends distally from the distal end 44 of the housing 42. In some cases, the distal electrode support 56 may be configured to allow the distal electrode 54 to move proximally, as indicated by arrows 58, relative to the extended position in response to an axial force applied to the distal electrode 54 in the proximal direction. The distal electrode 54 may be operably coupled to the controller 48 via an electrical connector 55.
In some cases, the distal electrode support 56 may include a spring that biases the distal electrode 54 towards the extended position. In some cases, the distal electrode 54 may be supported by the spring, and the spring may be conductive and may form at least part of the electrical connection 55 between the distal electrode 54 and the controller 48. In some cases, particularly if the spring is conductive, an outer surface of the spring may include an insulative coating such as an oxide layer or a polymer layer, or otherwise may be rendered electrically insulating so that the spring may be electrically isolated from blood or tissue in the patient's heart. The distal end of the spring may be electrically coupled to the distal electrode 54. When the distal electrode support 56 is or otherwise includes a spring, the spring may for example be a coil spring, a leaf spring, a wave spring, or a machined spring with a distal end of the machined spring forming the distal electrode 54. In some cases, the distal electrode support 56 may include a post that is axially movable relative to the housing 42 against a bias, and the post may bias the distal electrode 54 toward the extended position.
In some cases, the spring may be formed of a shape memory material such as but not limited to Nitinol. It will be appreciated that some materials, such as Nitinol, demonstrate a reasonably constant force across a wide range of deflection as a result of the force plateauing within a region of transformation between its austenite state and its martensite state. In some cases, the spring may be configured to have a spring force that enables the distal electrode 54 to contact tissue without possibly damaging the tissue. In some cases, for example, the spring may exert a force on the distal electrode that is less than about 30 pounds per square inch (psi), or less than about 20 psi, or less than about 11 psi. It will be appreciated that the spring may exert a force that is at least about 1 psi, or at least about 5 psi.
In some cases, the distal electrode support 56 may be considered as having a length L and may include a tissue ingrowth inhibiting outer sleeve 60 that extends along the length L of the distal electrode support 56. The tissue ingrowth inhibiting outer sleeve 60 may have a distal end 62 and a proximal end 64, and a length therebetween (which may also be represented by the length L). In some cases, the length of the tissue ingrowth inhibiting outer sleeve 60 may be configured to shorten when the distal electrode 54 moves proximally relative to the extended position and to lengthen when the distal electrode 54 moves back distally toward the extended position in order to accommodate the movement of the distal electrode 54.
In some cases, the tissue ingrowth inhibiting outer sleeve 60 may include a polymeric tube that extends at least partially between the distal electrode 54 and the distal end 44 of the housing 42. In some instances, the tissue ingrowth inhibiting outer sleeve 60 may include an electrospun polymer such as but not limited to PIB/PU (polyisobutylene/polyurethane). In some cases, the tissue ingrowth inhibiting outer sleeve 60 may be woven. In some cases, the tissue ingrowth inhibiting outer sleeve 60 may form a bellows structure. In some cases, the bellows structure itself may provide some or all of the bias force to bias the distal electrode 54 to the extended position.
The illustrative IMD 40 may include a proximal electrode 66 that is operably coupled to the controller 48 via an electrical connector 67. In some cases, the proximal electrode 66 may be at or near the proximal end 46 of the housing 42, but this is not required. It will be appreciated that the controller 48 may be configured to sense one or more cardiac signals and/or deliver therapy via the distal electrode 54 and the proximal electrode 66.
In some cases, the LCP 70 may further include a spring (not illustrated) that biases the distal electrode 80 to the extended position. In some cases, the LCP 70 may include a tissue ingrowth inhibiting outer sleeve (not specifically illustrated) that is disposed between the housing 72 and the distal electrode 80. A proximal electrode 82 may be secured relative to the housing 72. The controller 48 is disposed within the housing 72 and is operably coupled to the distal electrode 80 and to the proximal electrode 82 via electrical connections 81 and 83, respectively. The controller 48 may be configured to sense cardiac electrical activity and/or deliver therapy via the distal electrode 80 and the proximal electrode 82.
In the example shown in
The communication module 102 may be configured to communicate with devices such as sensors, other medical devices such as an SICD, and/or the like, that are located externally to the LCP 100. Such devices may be located either external or internal to the patient's body. Irrespective of the location, external devices (i.e. external to the LCP 100 but not necessarily external to the patient's body) can communicate with the LCP 100 via communication module 102 to accomplish one or more desired functions. For example, the LCP 100 may communicate information, such as sensed electrical signals, data, instructions, messages, R-wave detection markers, etc., to an external medical device (e.g. SICD and/or programmer) through the communication module 102. The external medical device may use the communicated signals, data, instructions, messages, R-wave detection markers, etc., to perform various functions, such as determining occurrences of arrhythmias, delivering electrical stimulation therapy, storing received data, and/or performing any other suitable function. The LCP 100 may additionally receive information such as signals, data, instructions and/or messages from the external medical device through the communication module 102, and the LCP 100 may use the received signals, data, instructions and/or messages to perform various functions, such as determining occurrences of arrhythmias, delivering electrical stimulation therapy, storing received data, and/or performing any other suitable function. The communication module 102 may be configured to use one or more methods for communicating with external devices. For example, the communication module 102 may communicate via radiofrequency (RF) signals, inductive coupling, optical signals, acoustic signals, conducted communication signals, and/or any other signals suitable for communication.
In the example shown in
In some examples, the LCP 100 may include an electrical sensing module 106, and in some cases, a mechanical sensing module 108. The electrical sensing module 106 may be configured to sense the cardiac electrical activity of the heart. For example, the electrical sensing module 106 may be connected to the electrodes 114/114′, and the electrical sensing module 106 may be configured to receive cardiac electrical signals conducted through the electrodes 114/114′. The cardiac electrical signals may represent local information from the chamber in which the LCP 100 is implanted. For instance, if the LCP 100 is implanted within a ventricle of the heart (e.g. RV, LV), cardiac electrical signals sensed by the LCP 100 through the electrodes 114/114′ may represent ventricular cardiac electrical signals. In some cases, the LCP 100 may be configured to detect cardiac electrical signals from other chambers (e.g. far field), such as the P-wave from the atrium.
The mechanical sensing module 108 may include one or more sensors, such as an accelerometer, a pressure sensor, a heart sound sensor, a blood-oxygen sensor, a chemical sensor, a temperature sensor, a flow sensor and/or any other suitable sensors that are configured to measure one or more mechanical/chemical parameters of the patient. Both the electrical sensing module 106 and the mechanical sensing module 108 may be connected to a processing module 110, which may provide signals representative of the sensed mechanical parameters. Although described with respect to
The electrodes 114/114′ can be secured relative to the housing 120 but exposed to the tissue and/or blood surrounding the LCP 100. In some cases, the electrodes 114 may be generally disposed on either end of the LCP 100 and may be in electrical communication with one or more of the modules 102, 104, 106, 108, and 110. The electrodes 114/114′ may be supported by the housing 120, although in some examples, the electrodes 114/114′ may be connected to the housing 120 through short connecting wires such that the electrodes 114/114′ are not directly secured relative to the housing 120. In examples where the LCP 100 includes one or more electrodes 114′, the electrodes 114′ may in some cases be disposed on the sides of the LCP 100, which may increase the number of electrodes by which the LCP 100 may sense cardiac electrical activity, deliver electrical stimulation and/or communicate with an external medical device. The electrodes 114/114′ can be made up of one or more biocompatible conductive materials such as various metals or alloys that are known to be safe for implantation within a human body. In some instances, the electrodes 114/114′ connected to the LCP 100 may have an insulative portion that electrically isolates the electrodes 114/114′ from adjacent electrodes, the housing 120, and/or other parts of the LCP 100. In some cases, one or more of the electrodes 114/114′ may be provided on a tail (not shown) that extends away from the housing 120.
The processing module 110 can be configured to control the operation of the LCP 100. For example, the processing module 110 may be configured to receive electrical signals from the electrical sensing module 106 and/or the mechanical sensing module 108. Based on the received signals, the processing module 110 may determine, for example, abnormalities in the operation of the heart H. Based on any determined abnormalities, the processing module 110 may control the pulse generator module 104 to generate and deliver electrical stimulation in accordance with one or more therapies to treat the determined abnormalities. The processing module 110 may further receive information from the communication module 102. In some examples, the processing module 110 may use such received information to help determine whether an abnormality is occurring, determine a type of abnormality, and/or to take particular action in response to the information. The processing module 110 may additionally control the communication module 102 to send/receive information to/from other devices.
In some examples, the processing module 110 may include a pre-programmed chip, such as a very-large-scale integration (VLSI) chip and/or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). In such embodiments, the chip may be pre-programmed with control logic in order to control the operation of the LCP 100. By using a pre-programmed chip, the processing module 110 may use less power than other programmable circuits (e.g. general purpose programmable microprocessors) while still being able to maintain basic functionality, thereby potentially increasing the battery life of the LCP 100. In other examples, the processing module 110 may include a programmable microprocessor. Such a programmable microprocessor may allow a user to modify the control logic of the LCP 100 even after implantation, thereby allowing for greater flexibility of the LCP 100 than when using a pre-programmed ASIC. In some examples, the processing module 110 may further include a memory, and the processing module 110 may store information on and read information from the memory. In other examples, the LCP 100 may include a separate memory (not shown) that is in communication with the processing module 110, such that the processing module 110 may read and write information to and from the separate memory.
The battery 112 may provide power to the LCP 100 for its operations. In some examples, the battery 112 may be a non-rechargeable lithium-based battery. In other examples, a non-rechargeable battery may be made from other suitable materials, as desired. Because the LCP 100 is an implantable device, access to the LCP 100 may be limited after implantation. Accordingly, it is desirable to have sufficient battery capacity to deliver therapy over a period of treatment such as days, weeks, months, years or even decades. In some instances, the battery 112 may a rechargeable battery, which may help increase the useable lifespan of the LCP 100. In still other examples, the battery 112 may be some other type of power source, as desired.
To implant the LCP 100 inside a patient's body, an operator (e.g., a physician, clinician, etc.), may fix the LCP 100 to the cardiac tissue of the patient's heart. To facilitate fixation, the LCP 100 may include one or more anchors 116. The anchor 116 may include any one of a number of fixation or anchoring mechanisms. For example, the anchor 116 may include one or more pins, staples, threads, screws, helix, tines, and/or the like. In some examples, although not shown, the anchor 116 may include threads on its external surface that may run along at least a partial length of the anchor 116. The threads may provide friction between the cardiac tissue and the anchor to help fix the anchor 116 within the cardiac tissue. In other examples, the anchor 116 may include other structures such as barbs, spikes, or the like to facilitate engagement with the surrounding cardiac tissue.
In some cases, as noted with respect to
In some cases, if the spring 138 is electrically conductive, the spring 138 may continue proximally, as indicated in phantom at 139, into the housing 132 in order to be electrically coupled with the controller 48.
The springs described herein may be made from a metal, metal alloy, a metal-polymer composite, ceramics, combinations thereof, and the like, or other suitable material. Some examples of suitable metals and metal alloys include stainless steel, such as 304V, 304L, and 316LV stainless steel; mild steel; nickel-titanium alloy such as linear-elastic and/or super-elastic nitinol; other nickel alloys such as nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys (e.g., UNS: N06625 such as INCONEL® 625, UNS: N06022 such as HASTELLOY® C-22®, UNS: N10276 such as HASTELLOY® C276®, other HASTELLOY® alloys, and the like), nickel-copper alloys (e.g., UNS: N04400 such as MONEL® 400, NICKELVAC® 400, NICORROS® 400, and the like), nickel-cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys (e.g., UNS: R30035 such as MP35-N® and the like), nickel-molybdenum alloys (e.g., UNS: N10665 such as HASTELLOY® ALLOY B2®), other nickel-chromium alloys, other nickel-molybdenum alloys, other nickel-cobalt alloys, other nickel-iron alloys, other nickel-copper alloys, other nickel-tungsten or tungsten alloys, and the like; cobalt-chromium alloys; cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys (e.g., UNS: R30003 such as ELGILOY®, PHYNOX®, and the like); platinum enriched stainless steel; titanium; combinations thereof; and the like; or any other suitable material.
As alluded to herein, within the family of commercially available nickel-titanium or nitinol alloys, is a category designated “linear elastic” or “non-super-elastic” which, although may be similar in chemistry to conventional shape memory and super elastic varieties, may exhibit distinct and useful mechanical properties. Linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nitinol may be distinguished from super elastic nitinol in that the linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nitinol does not display a substantial “superelastic plateau” or “flag region” in its stress/strain curve like super elastic nitinol does. Instead, in the linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nitinol, as recoverable strain increases, the stress continues to increase in a substantially linear, or a somewhat, but not necessarily entirely linear relationship until plastic deformation begins or at least in a relationship that is more linear that the super elastic plateau and/or flag region that may be seen with super elastic nitinol. Thus, for the purposes of this disclosure linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nitinol may also be termed “substantially” linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nitinol.
In some cases, linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nitinol may also be distinguishable from super elastic nitinol in that linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nitinol may accept up to about 2-5% strain while remaining substantially elastic (e.g., before plastically deforming) whereas super elastic nitinol may accept up to about 8% strain before plastically deforming. Both of these materials can be distinguished from other linear elastic materials such as stainless steel (that can also can be distinguished based on its composition), which may accept only about 0.2 to 0.44 percent strain before plastically deforming.
In some embodiments, the linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nickel-titanium alloy is an alloy that does not show any martensite/austenite phase changes that are detectable by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic metal thermal analysis (DMTA) analysis over a large temperature range. For example, in some embodiments, there may be no martensite/austenite phase changes detectable by DSC and DMTA analysis in the range of about −60 degrees Celsius (° C.) to about 120° C. in the linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nickel-titanium alloy. The mechanical bending properties of such material may therefore be generally inert to the effect of temperature over this very broad range of temperature. In some embodiments, the mechanical bending properties of the linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nickel-titanium alloy at ambient or room temperature are substantially the same as the mechanical properties at body temperature, for example, in that they do not display a super-elastic plateau and/or flag region. In other words, across a broad temperature range, the linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nickel-titanium alloy maintains its linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic characteristics and/or properties.
In some embodiments, the linear elastic and/or non-super-elastic nickel-titanium alloy may be in the range of about 50 to about 60 weight percent nickel, with the remainder being essentially titanium. In some embodiments, the composition is in the range of about 54 to about 57 weight percent nickel. One example of a suitable nickel-titanium alloy is FHP-NT alloy commercially available from Furukawa Techno Material Co. of Kanagawa, Japan. Some examples of nickel titanium alloys are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,238,004 and 6,508,803, which are incorporated herein by reference. Other suitable materials may include ULTANIUM™ (available from Neo-Metrics) and GUM METAL™ (available from Toyota). In some other embodiments, a superelastic alloy, for example a superelastic nitinol can be used to achieve desired properties.
It should be understood that this disclosure is, in many respects, only illustrative. Changes may be made in details, particularly in matters of shape, size, and arrangement of steps without exceeding the scope of the disclosure. This may include, to the extent that it is appropriate, the use of any of the features of one example embodiment being used in other embodiments. The invention's scope is, of course, defined in the language in which the appended claims are expressed.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/480,741 filed on Apr. 3, 2017, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
3835864 | Rasor et al. | Sep 1974 | A |
3943936 | Rasor et al. | Mar 1976 | A |
4142530 | Wittkampf | Mar 1979 | A |
4151513 | Menken et al. | Apr 1979 | A |
4157720 | Greatbatch | Jun 1979 | A |
RE30366 | Rasor et al. | Aug 1980 | E |
4243045 | Maas | Jan 1981 | A |
4250884 | Hartlaub et al. | Feb 1981 | A |
4256115 | Bilitch | Mar 1981 | A |
4263919 | Levin | Apr 1981 | A |
4310000 | Lindemans | Jan 1982 | A |
4312354 | Walters | Jan 1982 | A |
4323081 | Wiebusch | Apr 1982 | A |
4357946 | Dutcher et al. | Nov 1982 | A |
4365639 | Goldreyer | Dec 1982 | A |
4440173 | Hudziak et al. | Apr 1984 | A |
4476868 | Thompson | Oct 1984 | A |
4522208 | Buffet | Jun 1985 | A |
4537200 | Widrow | Aug 1985 | A |
4556063 | Thompson et al. | Dec 1985 | A |
4562841 | Brockway et al. | Jan 1986 | A |
4593702 | Kepski et al. | Jun 1986 | A |
4593955 | Leiber | Jun 1986 | A |
4630611 | King | Dec 1986 | A |
4635639 | Hakala et al. | Jan 1987 | A |
4674508 | DeCote | Jun 1987 | A |
4712554 | Garson | Dec 1987 | A |
4729376 | DeCote | Mar 1988 | A |
4754753 | King | Jul 1988 | A |
4759366 | Callaghan | Jul 1988 | A |
4776338 | Lekholm et al. | Oct 1988 | A |
4787389 | Tarjan | Nov 1988 | A |
4793353 | Borkan | Dec 1988 | A |
4819662 | Heil et al. | Apr 1989 | A |
4858610 | Callaghan et al. | Aug 1989 | A |
4886064 | Strandberg | Dec 1989 | A |
4887609 | Cole | Dec 1989 | A |
4928688 | Mower | May 1990 | A |
4967746 | Vandegriff | Nov 1990 | A |
4987897 | Funke | Jan 1991 | A |
4989602 | Sholder et al. | Feb 1991 | A |
5012806 | De Bellis | May 1991 | A |
5036849 | Hauck et al. | Aug 1991 | A |
5040534 | Mann et al. | Aug 1991 | A |
5058581 | Silvian | Oct 1991 | A |
5078134 | Heilman et al. | Jan 1992 | A |
5109845 | Yuuchi et al. | May 1992 | A |
5113859 | Funke | May 1992 | A |
5113869 | Nappholz et al. | May 1992 | A |
5117824 | Keimel et al. | Jun 1992 | A |
5127401 | Grevious et al. | Jul 1992 | A |
5133353 | Hauser | Jul 1992 | A |
5144950 | Stoop et al. | Sep 1992 | A |
5170784 | Ramon et al. | Dec 1992 | A |
5179945 | Van Hofwegen et al. | Jan 1993 | A |
5193539 | Schulman et al. | Mar 1993 | A |
5193540 | Schulman et al. | Mar 1993 | A |
5241961 | Henry | Sep 1993 | A |
5243977 | Trabucco et al. | Sep 1993 | A |
5259387 | DePinto | Nov 1993 | A |
5269326 | Vernier | Dec 1993 | A |
5284136 | Hauck et al. | Feb 1994 | A |
5300107 | Stokes et al. | Apr 1994 | A |
5301677 | Hsung | Apr 1994 | A |
5305760 | McKown et al. | Apr 1994 | A |
5312439 | Loeb | May 1994 | A |
5313953 | Yomtov et al. | May 1994 | A |
5314459 | Swanson et al. | May 1994 | A |
5318597 | Hauck et al. | Jun 1994 | A |
5324316 | Schulman et al. | Jun 1994 | A |
5331966 | Bennett et al. | Jul 1994 | A |
5334222 | Salo et al. | Aug 1994 | A |
5342408 | deCoriolis et al. | Aug 1994 | A |
5370667 | Alt | Dec 1994 | A |
5372606 | Lang et al. | Dec 1994 | A |
5376106 | Stahmann et al. | Dec 1994 | A |
5383915 | Adams | Jan 1995 | A |
5388578 | Yomtov et al. | Feb 1995 | A |
5404877 | Nolan et al. | Apr 1995 | A |
5405367 | Schulman et al. | Apr 1995 | A |
5411031 | Yomtov | May 1995 | A |
5411525 | Swanson et al. | May 1995 | A |
5411535 | Fujii et al. | May 1995 | A |
5456691 | Snell | Oct 1995 | A |
5458622 | Alt | Oct 1995 | A |
5466246 | Silvian | Nov 1995 | A |
5468254 | Hahn et al. | Nov 1995 | A |
5472453 | Alt | Dec 1995 | A |
5522866 | Fernald | Jun 1996 | A |
5540727 | Tockman et al. | Jul 1996 | A |
5545186 | Olson et al. | Aug 1996 | A |
5545202 | Dahl et al. | Aug 1996 | A |
5571146 | Jones et al. | Nov 1996 | A |
5591214 | Lu | Jan 1997 | A |
5620466 | Haefner et al. | Apr 1997 | A |
5634938 | Swanson et al. | Jun 1997 | A |
5649968 | Alt et al. | Jul 1997 | A |
5662688 | Haefner et al. | Sep 1997 | A |
5674259 | Gray | Oct 1997 | A |
5683426 | Greenhut et al. | Nov 1997 | A |
5683432 | Goedeke et al. | Nov 1997 | A |
5706823 | Wodlinger | Jan 1998 | A |
5709215 | Perttu et al. | Jan 1998 | A |
5720770 | Nappholz et al. | Feb 1998 | A |
5728154 | Crossett et al. | Mar 1998 | A |
5741314 | Daly et al. | Apr 1998 | A |
5741315 | Lee et al. | Apr 1998 | A |
5752976 | Duffin et al. | May 1998 | A |
5752977 | Grevious et al. | May 1998 | A |
5755736 | Gillberg et al. | May 1998 | A |
5759199 | Snell et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
5774501 | Halpern et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
5792195 | Carlson et al. | Aug 1998 | A |
5792202 | Rueter | Aug 1998 | A |
5792203 | Schroeppel | Aug 1998 | A |
5792205 | Alt et al. | Aug 1998 | A |
5792208 | Gray | Aug 1998 | A |
5814089 | Stokes et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
5827216 | Igo et al. | Oct 1998 | A |
5836985 | Rostami et al. | Nov 1998 | A |
5836987 | Baumann et al. | Nov 1998 | A |
5842977 | Lesho et al. | Dec 1998 | A |
5855593 | Olson et al. | Jan 1999 | A |
5873894 | Vandegriff et al. | Feb 1999 | A |
5891184 | Lee et al. | Apr 1999 | A |
5897586 | Molina | Apr 1999 | A |
5899876 | Flower | May 1999 | A |
5899928 | Sholder et al. | May 1999 | A |
5919214 | Ciciarelli et al. | Jul 1999 | A |
5935078 | Feierbach | Aug 1999 | A |
5941906 | Barreras, Sr. et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
5944744 | Paul et al. | Aug 1999 | A |
5954757 | Gray | Sep 1999 | A |
5978713 | Prutchi et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
5991660 | Goyal | Nov 1999 | A |
5991661 | Park et al. | Nov 1999 | A |
5999848 | Gord et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
5999857 | Weijand et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
6016445 | Baura | Jan 2000 | A |
6026320 | Carlson et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
6029085 | Olson et al. | Feb 2000 | A |
6041250 | DePinto | Mar 2000 | A |
6044298 | Salo et al. | Mar 2000 | A |
6044300 | Gray | Mar 2000 | A |
6055454 | Heemels | Apr 2000 | A |
6073050 | Griffith | Jun 2000 | A |
6076016 | Feierbach | Jun 2000 | A |
6077236 | Cunningham | Jun 2000 | A |
6080187 | Alt et al. | Jun 2000 | A |
6083248 | Thompson | Jul 2000 | A |
6106551 | Crossett et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
6115636 | Ryan | Sep 2000 | A |
6128526 | Stadler et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
6141581 | Olson et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
6141588 | Cox et al. | Oct 2000 | A |
6141592 | Pauly | Oct 2000 | A |
6144879 | Gray | Nov 2000 | A |
6162195 | Igo et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
6164284 | Schulman et al. | Dec 2000 | A |
6167310 | Grevious | Dec 2000 | A |
6201993 | Kruse et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
6208894 | Schulman et al. | Mar 2001 | B1 |
6211799 | Post et al. | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6221011 | Bardy | Apr 2001 | B1 |
6240316 | Richmond et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
6240317 | Villaseca et al. | May 2001 | B1 |
6256534 | Dahl | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6259947 | Olson et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6266558 | Gozani et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6266567 | Ishikawa et al. | Jul 2001 | B1 |
6270457 | Bardy | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6272377 | Sweeney et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6273856 | Sun et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6277072 | Bardy | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6280380 | Bardy | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6285907 | Kramer et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6292698 | Duffin et al. | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6295473 | Rosar | Sep 2001 | B1 |
6297943 | Carson | Oct 2001 | B1 |
6298271 | Weijand | Oct 2001 | B1 |
6307751 | Bodony et al. | Oct 2001 | B1 |
6312378 | Bardy | Nov 2001 | B1 |
6315721 | Schulman et al. | Nov 2001 | B2 |
6336903 | Bardy | Jan 2002 | B1 |
6345202 | Richmond et al. | Feb 2002 | B2 |
6351667 | Godie | Feb 2002 | B1 |
6351669 | Hartley et al. | Feb 2002 | B1 |
6353759 | Hartley et al. | Mar 2002 | B1 |
6358203 | Bardy | Mar 2002 | B2 |
6361780 | Ley et al. | Mar 2002 | B1 |
6368284 | Bardy | Apr 2002 | B1 |
6371922 | Baumann et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
6398728 | Bardy | Jun 2002 | B1 |
6400982 | Sweeney et al. | Jun 2002 | B2 |
6400990 | Silvian | Jun 2002 | B1 |
6408208 | Sun | Jun 2002 | B1 |
6409674 | Brockway et al. | Jun 2002 | B1 |
6411848 | Kramer et al. | Jun 2002 | B2 |
6424865 | Ding | Jul 2002 | B1 |
6434429 | Kraus et al. | Aug 2002 | B1 |
6438410 | Hsu et al. | Aug 2002 | B2 |
6438417 | Rockwell et al. | Aug 2002 | B1 |
6438421 | Stahmann et al. | Aug 2002 | B1 |
6440066 | Bardy | Aug 2002 | B1 |
6441747 | Khair et al. | Aug 2002 | B1 |
6442426 | Kroll | Aug 2002 | B1 |
6442432 | Lee | Aug 2002 | B2 |
6443891 | Grevious | Sep 2002 | B1 |
6445953 | Bulkes et al. | Sep 2002 | B1 |
6453200 | Koslar | Sep 2002 | B1 |
6459929 | Hopper et al. | Oct 2002 | B1 |
6470215 | Kraus et al. | Oct 2002 | B1 |
6471645 | Warkentin et al. | Oct 2002 | B1 |
6480745 | Nelson et al. | Nov 2002 | B2 |
6487443 | Olson et al. | Nov 2002 | B2 |
6490487 | Kraus et al. | Dec 2002 | B1 |
6498951 | Larson et al. | Dec 2002 | B1 |
6507755 | Gozani et al. | Jan 2003 | B1 |
6507759 | Prutchi et al. | Jan 2003 | B1 |
6512940 | Brabec et al. | Jan 2003 | B1 |
6522915 | Ceballos et al. | Feb 2003 | B1 |
6526311 | Begemann | Feb 2003 | B2 |
6539253 | Thompson et al. | Mar 2003 | B2 |
6542775 | Ding et al. | Apr 2003 | B2 |
6553258 | Stahmann et al. | Apr 2003 | B2 |
6561975 | Pool et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
6564807 | Schulman et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
6574506 | Kramer et al. | Jun 2003 | B2 |
6584351 | Ekwall | Jun 2003 | B1 |
6584352 | Combs et al. | Jun 2003 | B2 |
6597948 | Rockwell et al. | Jul 2003 | B1 |
6597951 | Kramer et al. | Jul 2003 | B2 |
6622046 | Fraley et al. | Sep 2003 | B2 |
6628985 | Sweeney et al. | Sep 2003 | B2 |
6647292 | Bardy et al. | Nov 2003 | B1 |
6666844 | Igo et al. | Dec 2003 | B1 |
6689117 | Sweeney et al. | Feb 2004 | B2 |
6690959 | Thompson | Feb 2004 | B2 |
6694189 | Begemann | Feb 2004 | B2 |
6704602 | Berg et al. | Mar 2004 | B2 |
6718212 | Parry et al. | Apr 2004 | B2 |
6721597 | Bardy et al. | Apr 2004 | B1 |
6738670 | Almendinger et al. | May 2004 | B1 |
6746797 | Benson et al. | Jun 2004 | B2 |
6749566 | Russ | Jun 2004 | B2 |
6758810 | Lebel et al. | Jul 2004 | B2 |
6763269 | Cox | Jul 2004 | B2 |
6778860 | Ostroff et al. | Aug 2004 | B2 |
6788971 | Sloman et al. | Sep 2004 | B1 |
6788974 | Bardy et al. | Sep 2004 | B2 |
6804558 | Haller et al. | Oct 2004 | B2 |
6807442 | Myklebust et al. | Oct 2004 | B1 |
6847844 | Sun et al. | Jan 2005 | B2 |
6871095 | Stahmann et al. | Mar 2005 | B2 |
6878112 | Linberg et al. | Apr 2005 | B2 |
6885889 | Chinchoy | Apr 2005 | B2 |
6892094 | Ousdigian et al. | May 2005 | B2 |
6897788 | Khair et al. | May 2005 | B2 |
6904315 | Panken et al. | Jun 2005 | B2 |
6922592 | Thompson et al. | Jul 2005 | B2 |
6931282 | Esler | Aug 2005 | B2 |
6934585 | Schloss et al. | Aug 2005 | B1 |
6957107 | Rogers et al. | Oct 2005 | B2 |
6978176 | Lattouf | Dec 2005 | B2 |
6985773 | Von Arx et al. | Jan 2006 | B2 |
6990375 | Kloss et al. | Jan 2006 | B2 |
7001366 | Ballard | Feb 2006 | B2 |
7003350 | Denker et al. | Feb 2006 | B2 |
7006864 | Echt et al. | Feb 2006 | B2 |
7013178 | Reinke et al. | Mar 2006 | B2 |
7027871 | Burnes et al. | Apr 2006 | B2 |
7050849 | Echt et al. | May 2006 | B2 |
7060031 | Webb et al. | Jun 2006 | B2 |
7063693 | Guenst | Jun 2006 | B2 |
7082336 | Ransbury et al. | Jul 2006 | B2 |
7085606 | Flach et al. | Aug 2006 | B2 |
7092758 | Sun et al. | Aug 2006 | B2 |
7110824 | Amundson et al. | Sep 2006 | B2 |
7120504 | Osypka | Oct 2006 | B2 |
7130681 | Gebhardt et al. | Oct 2006 | B2 |
7139613 | Reinke et al. | Nov 2006 | B2 |
7142912 | Wagner et al. | Nov 2006 | B2 |
7146225 | Guenst et al. | Dec 2006 | B2 |
7146226 | Lau et al. | Dec 2006 | B2 |
7149581 | Goedeke | Dec 2006 | B2 |
7149588 | Lau et al. | Dec 2006 | B2 |
7158839 | Lau | Jan 2007 | B2 |
7162307 | Patrias | Jan 2007 | B2 |
7164952 | Lau et al. | Jan 2007 | B2 |
7177700 | Cox | Feb 2007 | B1 |
7181505 | Haller et al. | Feb 2007 | B2 |
7184830 | Echt et al. | Feb 2007 | B2 |
7186214 | Ness | Mar 2007 | B2 |
7191015 | Lamson et al. | Mar 2007 | B2 |
7200437 | Nabutovsky et al. | Apr 2007 | B1 |
7200439 | Zdeblick et al. | Apr 2007 | B2 |
7206423 | Feng et al. | Apr 2007 | B1 |
7209785 | Kim et al. | Apr 2007 | B2 |
7209790 | Thompson et al. | Apr 2007 | B2 |
7211884 | Davis et al. | May 2007 | B1 |
7212871 | Morgan | May 2007 | B1 |
7226440 | Gelfand et al. | Jun 2007 | B2 |
7228183 | Sun et al. | Jun 2007 | B2 |
7236821 | Cates et al. | Jun 2007 | B2 |
7236829 | Farazi et al. | Jun 2007 | B1 |
7254448 | Almendinger et al. | Aug 2007 | B2 |
7260436 | Kilgore et al. | Aug 2007 | B2 |
7270669 | Sra | Sep 2007 | B1 |
7272448 | Morgan et al. | Sep 2007 | B1 |
7277755 | Falkenberg et al. | Oct 2007 | B1 |
7280872 | Mosesov et al. | Oct 2007 | B1 |
7288096 | Chin | Oct 2007 | B2 |
7289847 | Gill et al. | Oct 2007 | B1 |
7289852 | Helfinstine et al. | Oct 2007 | B2 |
7289853 | Campbell et al. | Oct 2007 | B1 |
7289855 | Nghiem et al. | Oct 2007 | B2 |
7302294 | Kamath et al. | Nov 2007 | B2 |
7305266 | Kroll | Dec 2007 | B1 |
7310556 | Bulkes | Dec 2007 | B2 |
7319905 | Morgan et al. | Jan 2008 | B1 |
7321798 | Muhlenberg et al. | Jan 2008 | B2 |
7333853 | Mazar et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
7336994 | Hettrick et al. | Feb 2008 | B2 |
7347819 | Lebel et al. | Mar 2008 | B2 |
7366572 | Heruth et al. | Apr 2008 | B2 |
7373207 | Lattouf | May 2008 | B2 |
7384403 | Sherman | Jun 2008 | B2 |
7386342 | Falkenberg et al. | Jun 2008 | B1 |
7392090 | Sweeney et al. | Jun 2008 | B2 |
7406105 | DelMain et al. | Jul 2008 | B2 |
7406349 | Seeberger et al. | Jul 2008 | B2 |
7410497 | Hastings et al. | Aug 2008 | B2 |
7425200 | Brockway et al. | Sep 2008 | B2 |
7433739 | Salys et al. | Oct 2008 | B1 |
7496409 | Greenhut et al. | Feb 2009 | B2 |
7496410 | Heil | Feb 2009 | B2 |
7502652 | Gaunt et al. | Mar 2009 | B2 |
7512448 | Malick et al. | Mar 2009 | B2 |
7515969 | Tockman et al. | Apr 2009 | B2 |
7526342 | Chin et al. | Apr 2009 | B2 |
7529589 | Williams et al. | May 2009 | B2 |
7532933 | Hastings et al. | May 2009 | B2 |
7536222 | Bardy et al. | May 2009 | B2 |
7536224 | Ritscher et al. | May 2009 | B2 |
7539541 | Quiles et al. | May 2009 | B2 |
7544197 | Kelsch et al. | Jun 2009 | B2 |
7558631 | Cowan et al. | Jul 2009 | B2 |
7565195 | Kroll et al. | Jul 2009 | B1 |
7584002 | Burnes et al. | Sep 2009 | B2 |
7590455 | Heruth et al. | Sep 2009 | B2 |
7606621 | Brisken et al. | Oct 2009 | B2 |
7610088 | Chinchoy | Oct 2009 | B2 |
7610092 | Cowan et al. | Oct 2009 | B2 |
7610099 | Almendinger et al. | Oct 2009 | B2 |
7610104 | Kaplan et al. | Oct 2009 | B2 |
7616991 | Mann et al. | Nov 2009 | B2 |
7617001 | Penner et al. | Nov 2009 | B2 |
7617007 | Williams et al. | Nov 2009 | B2 |
7630767 | Poore et al. | Dec 2009 | B1 |
7634313 | Kroll et al. | Dec 2009 | B1 |
7637867 | Zdeblick | Dec 2009 | B2 |
7640060 | Zdeblick | Dec 2009 | B2 |
7647109 | Hastings et al. | Jan 2010 | B2 |
7650186 | Hastings et al. | Jan 2010 | B2 |
7657311 | Bardy et al. | Feb 2010 | B2 |
7668596 | Von Arx et al. | Feb 2010 | B2 |
7682316 | Anderson et al. | Mar 2010 | B2 |
7691047 | Ferrari | Apr 2010 | B2 |
7702392 | Echt et al. | Apr 2010 | B2 |
7713194 | Zdeblick | May 2010 | B2 |
7713195 | Zdeblick | May 2010 | B2 |
7729783 | Michels et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
7734333 | Ghanem et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
7734343 | Ransbury et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
7738958 | Zdeblick et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
7738964 | Von Arx et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
7742812 | Ghanem et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
7742816 | Masoud et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
7742822 | Masoud et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
7743151 | Vallapureddy et al. | Jun 2010 | B2 |
7747335 | Williams | Jun 2010 | B2 |
7751881 | Cowan et al. | Jul 2010 | B2 |
7758521 | Morris et al. | Jul 2010 | B2 |
7761150 | Ghanem et al. | Jul 2010 | B2 |
7761164 | Verhoef et al. | Jul 2010 | B2 |
7765001 | Echt et al. | Jul 2010 | B2 |
7769452 | Ghanem et al. | Aug 2010 | B2 |
7783362 | Whitehurst et al. | Aug 2010 | B2 |
7792588 | Harding | Sep 2010 | B2 |
7797059 | Bornzin et al. | Sep 2010 | B1 |
7801596 | Fischell et al. | Sep 2010 | B2 |
7809438 | Echt et al. | Oct 2010 | B2 |
7840281 | Kveen et al. | Nov 2010 | B2 |
7844331 | Li et al. | Nov 2010 | B2 |
7844348 | Swoyer et al. | Nov 2010 | B2 |
7846088 | Ness | Dec 2010 | B2 |
7848815 | Brisken et al. | Dec 2010 | B2 |
7848823 | Drasler et al. | Dec 2010 | B2 |
7860455 | Fukumoto et al. | Dec 2010 | B2 |
7871433 | Lattouf | Jan 2011 | B2 |
7877136 | Moffitt et al. | Jan 2011 | B1 |
7877142 | Moaddeb et al. | Jan 2011 | B2 |
7881786 | Jackson | Feb 2011 | B2 |
7881798 | Miesel et al. | Feb 2011 | B2 |
7881810 | Chitre et al. | Feb 2011 | B1 |
7890173 | Brisken et al. | Feb 2011 | B2 |
7890181 | Denzene et al. | Feb 2011 | B2 |
7890192 | Kelsch et al. | Feb 2011 | B1 |
7894885 | Bartal et al. | Feb 2011 | B2 |
7894894 | Stadler et al. | Feb 2011 | B2 |
7894907 | Cowan et al. | Feb 2011 | B2 |
7894910 | Cowan et al. | Feb 2011 | B2 |
7894915 | Chitre et al. | Feb 2011 | B1 |
7899537 | Kroll et al. | Mar 2011 | B1 |
7899541 | Cowan et al. | Mar 2011 | B2 |
7899542 | Cowan et al. | Mar 2011 | B2 |
7899554 | Williams et al. | Mar 2011 | B2 |
7901360 | Yang et al. | Mar 2011 | B1 |
7904170 | Harding | Mar 2011 | B2 |
7907993 | Ghanem et al. | Mar 2011 | B2 |
7920928 | Yang et al. | Apr 2011 | B1 |
7925343 | Min et al. | Apr 2011 | B1 |
7930022 | Zhang et al. | Apr 2011 | B2 |
7930040 | Kelsch et al. | Apr 2011 | B1 |
7937135 | Ghanem et al. | May 2011 | B2 |
7937148 | Jacobson | May 2011 | B2 |
7937161 | Hastings et al. | May 2011 | B2 |
7941214 | Kleckner et al. | May 2011 | B2 |
7945333 | Jacobson | May 2011 | B2 |
7946997 | Hübinette | May 2011 | B2 |
7949404 | Hill | May 2011 | B2 |
7949405 | Feher | May 2011 | B2 |
7953486 | Daum et al. | May 2011 | B2 |
7953493 | Fowler et al. | May 2011 | B2 |
7962202 | Bhunia | Jun 2011 | B2 |
7974702 | Fain et al. | Jul 2011 | B1 |
7979136 | Young et al. | Jul 2011 | B2 |
7983753 | Severin | Jul 2011 | B2 |
7991467 | Markowitz et al. | Aug 2011 | B2 |
7991471 | Ghanem et al. | Aug 2011 | B2 |
7996087 | Cowan et al. | Aug 2011 | B2 |
8000791 | Sunagawa et al. | Aug 2011 | B2 |
8000807 | Morris et al. | Aug 2011 | B2 |
8001975 | DiSilvestro et al. | Aug 2011 | B2 |
8002700 | Ferek-Petric et al. | Aug 2011 | B2 |
8010209 | Jacobson | Aug 2011 | B2 |
8019419 | Panescu et al. | Sep 2011 | B1 |
8019434 | Quiles et al. | Sep 2011 | B2 |
8027727 | Freeberg | Sep 2011 | B2 |
8027729 | Sunagawa et al. | Sep 2011 | B2 |
8032219 | Neumann et al. | Oct 2011 | B2 |
8036743 | Savage et al. | Oct 2011 | B2 |
8046079 | Bange et al. | Oct 2011 | B2 |
8046080 | Von Arx et al. | Oct 2011 | B2 |
8050297 | DelMain et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
8050759 | Stegemann et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
8050774 | Kveen et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
8055345 | Li et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
8055350 | Roberts | Nov 2011 | B2 |
8060212 | Rios et al. | Nov 2011 | B1 |
8065018 | Haubrich et al. | Nov 2011 | B2 |
8073542 | Doerr | Dec 2011 | B2 |
8078278 | Penner | Dec 2011 | B2 |
8078283 | Cowan et al. | Dec 2011 | B2 |
8095123 | Gray | Jan 2012 | B2 |
8102789 | Rosar et al. | Jan 2012 | B2 |
8103359 | Reddy | Jan 2012 | B2 |
8103361 | Moser | Jan 2012 | B2 |
8112148 | Giftakis et al. | Feb 2012 | B2 |
8114021 | Robertson et al. | Feb 2012 | B2 |
8121680 | Falkenberg et al. | Feb 2012 | B2 |
8123684 | Zdeblick | Feb 2012 | B2 |
8126545 | Flach et al. | Feb 2012 | B2 |
8131334 | Lu et al. | Mar 2012 | B2 |
8140161 | Vimerton et al. | Mar 2012 | B2 |
8150521 | Crowley et al. | Apr 2012 | B2 |
8160672 | Kim et al. | Apr 2012 | B2 |
8160702 | Mann et al. | Apr 2012 | B2 |
8160704 | Freeberg | Apr 2012 | B2 |
8165694 | Carbanaru et al. | Apr 2012 | B2 |
8175715 | Cox | May 2012 | B1 |
8180451 | Hickman et al. | May 2012 | B2 |
8185213 | Kveen et al. | May 2012 | B2 |
8187161 | Li et al. | May 2012 | B2 |
8195293 | Limousin et al. | Jun 2012 | B2 |
8204595 | Pianca et al. | Jun 2012 | B2 |
8204605 | Hastings et al. | Jun 2012 | B2 |
8209014 | Doerr | Jun 2012 | B2 |
8214043 | Matos | Jul 2012 | B2 |
8224244 | Kim et al. | Jul 2012 | B2 |
8229556 | Li | Jul 2012 | B2 |
8233985 | Bulkes et al. | Jul 2012 | B2 |
8262578 | Bharmi et al. | Sep 2012 | B1 |
8265748 | Liu et al. | Sep 2012 | B2 |
8265757 | Mass et al. | Sep 2012 | B2 |
8280521 | Haubrich et al. | Oct 2012 | B2 |
8285387 | Utsi et al. | Oct 2012 | B2 |
8290598 | Boon et al. | Oct 2012 | B2 |
8290600 | Hastings et al. | Oct 2012 | B2 |
8295939 | Jacobson | Oct 2012 | B2 |
8301254 | Mosesov et al. | Oct 2012 | B2 |
8315701 | Cowan et al. | Nov 2012 | B2 |
8315708 | Berthelsdorf et al. | Nov 2012 | B2 |
8321021 | Kisker et al. | Nov 2012 | B2 |
8321036 | Brockway et al. | Nov 2012 | B2 |
8332036 | Hastings et al. | Dec 2012 | B2 |
8335563 | Stessman | Dec 2012 | B2 |
8335568 | Heruth et al. | Dec 2012 | B2 |
8340750 | Prakash et al. | Dec 2012 | B2 |
8340780 | Hastings et al. | Dec 2012 | B2 |
8352025 | Jacobson | Jan 2013 | B2 |
8352028 | Wenger | Jan 2013 | B2 |
8352038 | Mao et al. | Jan 2013 | B2 |
8359098 | Lund et al. | Jan 2013 | B2 |
8364261 | Stubbs et al. | Jan 2013 | B2 |
8364276 | Willis | Jan 2013 | B2 |
8369959 | Meskens | Feb 2013 | B2 |
8369962 | Abrahamson | Feb 2013 | B2 |
8380320 | Spital | Feb 2013 | B2 |
8386051 | Rys | Feb 2013 | B2 |
8391981 | Mosesov | Mar 2013 | B2 |
8391990 | Smith et al. | Mar 2013 | B2 |
8406874 | Liu et al. | Mar 2013 | B2 |
8406879 | Shuros et al. | Mar 2013 | B2 |
8406886 | Gaunt et al. | Mar 2013 | B2 |
8412352 | Griswold et al. | Apr 2013 | B2 |
8417340 | Goossen | Apr 2013 | B2 |
8417341 | Freeberg | Apr 2013 | B2 |
8423149 | Hennig | Apr 2013 | B2 |
8428722 | Verhoef et al. | Apr 2013 | B2 |
8433402 | Ruben et al. | Apr 2013 | B2 |
8433409 | Johnson et al. | Apr 2013 | B2 |
8433420 | Bange et al. | Apr 2013 | B2 |
8447412 | Dal Molin et al. | May 2013 | B2 |
8452413 | Young et al. | May 2013 | B2 |
8457740 | Osche | Jun 2013 | B2 |
8457742 | Jacobson | Jun 2013 | B2 |
8457744 | Janzig et al. | Jun 2013 | B2 |
8457761 | Wariar | Jun 2013 | B2 |
8478407 | Demmer et al. | Jul 2013 | B2 |
8478408 | Hastings et al. | Jul 2013 | B2 |
8478431 | Griswold et al. | Jul 2013 | B2 |
8494632 | Sun et al. | Jul 2013 | B2 |
8504156 | Bonner et al. | Aug 2013 | B2 |
8509910 | Sowder et al. | Aug 2013 | B2 |
8515559 | Roberts et al. | Aug 2013 | B2 |
8525340 | Eckhardt et al. | Sep 2013 | B2 |
8527068 | Ostroff | Sep 2013 | B2 |
8532790 | Griswold | Sep 2013 | B2 |
8538526 | Stahmann et al. | Sep 2013 | B2 |
8541131 | Lund et al. | Sep 2013 | B2 |
8543205 | Ostroff | Sep 2013 | B2 |
8547248 | Zdeblick et al. | Oct 2013 | B2 |
8548605 | Ollivier | Oct 2013 | B2 |
8554333 | Wu et al. | Oct 2013 | B2 |
8565882 | Mates | Oct 2013 | B2 |
8565897 | Regnier et al. | Oct 2013 | B2 |
8571678 | Wang | Oct 2013 | B2 |
8577327 | Makdissi et al. | Nov 2013 | B2 |
8588926 | Moore et al. | Nov 2013 | B2 |
8612002 | Faltys et al. | Dec 2013 | B2 |
8615310 | Khairkhahan et al. | Dec 2013 | B2 |
8626280 | Allavatam et al. | Jan 2014 | B2 |
8626294 | Sheldon et al. | Jan 2014 | B2 |
8634908 | Cowan | Jan 2014 | B2 |
8634912 | Bornzin et al. | Jan 2014 | B2 |
8634919 | Hou et al. | Jan 2014 | B1 |
8639335 | Peichel et al. | Jan 2014 | B2 |
8644934 | Hastings et al. | Feb 2014 | B2 |
8649859 | Smith et al. | Feb 2014 | B2 |
8670842 | Bornzin et al. | Mar 2014 | B1 |
8676319 | Knoll | Mar 2014 | B2 |
8676335 | Katoozi et al. | Mar 2014 | B2 |
8700173 | Edlund | Apr 2014 | B2 |
8700181 | Bornzin et al. | Apr 2014 | B2 |
8705599 | dal Molin et al. | Apr 2014 | B2 |
8718766 | Wahlberg | May 2014 | B2 |
8718773 | Willis et al. | May 2014 | B2 |
8725260 | Shuros et al. | May 2014 | B2 |
8738133 | Shuros et al. | May 2014 | B2 |
8738147 | Hastings et al. | May 2014 | B2 |
8744555 | Allavatam et al. | Jun 2014 | B2 |
8744572 | Greenhut et al. | Jun 2014 | B1 |
8747314 | Stahmann et al. | Jun 2014 | B2 |
8755884 | Demmer et al. | Jun 2014 | B2 |
8758365 | Bonner et al. | Jun 2014 | B2 |
8768483 | Schmitt et al. | Jul 2014 | B2 |
8774572 | Hamamoto | Jul 2014 | B2 |
8781605 | Bornzin et al. | Jul 2014 | B2 |
8788035 | Jacobson | Jul 2014 | B2 |
8788053 | Jacobson | Jul 2014 | B2 |
8798740 | Samade et al. | Aug 2014 | B2 |
8798745 | Jacobson | Aug 2014 | B2 |
8798762 | Fain et al. | Aug 2014 | B2 |
8798770 | Reddy | Aug 2014 | B2 |
8805505 | Roberts | Aug 2014 | B1 |
8805528 | Corndorf | Aug 2014 | B2 |
8812109 | Blomqvist et al. | Aug 2014 | B2 |
8818504 | Bodner et al. | Aug 2014 | B2 |
8827913 | Havel et al. | Sep 2014 | B2 |
8831747 | Min et al. | Sep 2014 | B1 |
8855789 | Jacobson | Oct 2014 | B2 |
8868186 | Kroll | Oct 2014 | B2 |
8886339 | Faltys et al. | Nov 2014 | B2 |
8903473 | Rogers et al. | Dec 2014 | B2 |
8903500 | Smith et al. | Dec 2014 | B2 |
8903513 | Ollivier | Dec 2014 | B2 |
8909336 | Navarro-Paredes et al. | Dec 2014 | B2 |
8914131 | Bornzin et al. | Dec 2014 | B2 |
8923795 | Makdissi et al. | Dec 2014 | B2 |
8923963 | Bonner et al. | Dec 2014 | B2 |
8938300 | Rosero | Jan 2015 | B2 |
8942806 | Sheldon et al. | Jan 2015 | B2 |
8958892 | Khairkhahan et al. | Feb 2015 | B2 |
8977358 | Ewert et al. | Mar 2015 | B2 |
8989873 | Locsin | Mar 2015 | B2 |
8996109 | Karst et al. | Mar 2015 | B2 |
9002467 | Smith et al. | Apr 2015 | B2 |
9008776 | Cowan et al. | Apr 2015 | B2 |
9008777 | Dianaty et al. | Apr 2015 | B2 |
9014818 | Deterre et al. | Apr 2015 | B2 |
9017341 | Bornzin et al. | Apr 2015 | B2 |
9020611 | Khairkhahan et al. | Apr 2015 | B2 |
9037262 | Regnier et al. | May 2015 | B2 |
9042984 | Demmer et al. | May 2015 | B2 |
9072911 | Hastings et al. | Jul 2015 | B2 |
9072913 | Jacobson | Jul 2015 | B2 |
9155882 | Grubac et al. | Oct 2015 | B2 |
9168372 | Fain | Oct 2015 | B2 |
9168380 | Greenhut et al. | Oct 2015 | B1 |
9168383 | Jacobson et al. | Oct 2015 | B2 |
9180285 | Moore et al. | Nov 2015 | B2 |
9192774 | Jacobson | Nov 2015 | B2 |
9205225 | Khairkhahan et al. | Dec 2015 | B2 |
9216285 | Boling et al. | Dec 2015 | B1 |
9216293 | Berthiaume et al. | Dec 2015 | B2 |
9216298 | Jacobson | Dec 2015 | B2 |
9227077 | Jacobson | Jan 2016 | B2 |
9238145 | Wenzel et al. | Jan 2016 | B2 |
9242102 | Khairkhahan et al. | Jan 2016 | B2 |
9242113 | Smith et al. | Jan 2016 | B2 |
9248300 | Rys et al. | Feb 2016 | B2 |
9265436 | Min et al. | Feb 2016 | B2 |
9265962 | Dianaty et al. | Feb 2016 | B2 |
9272155 | Ostroff | Mar 2016 | B2 |
9278218 | Karst et al. | Mar 2016 | B2 |
9278229 | Reinke et al. | Mar 2016 | B1 |
9283381 | Grubac et al. | Mar 2016 | B2 |
9283382 | Berthiaume et al. | Mar 2016 | B2 |
9289612 | Sambelashvili et al. | Mar 2016 | B1 |
9302115 | Molin et al. | Apr 2016 | B2 |
9333364 | Echt et al. | May 2016 | B2 |
9358387 | Suwito et al. | Jun 2016 | B2 |
9358400 | Jacobson | Jun 2016 | B2 |
9364675 | Deterre et al. | Jun 2016 | B2 |
9370663 | Moulder | Jun 2016 | B2 |
9375580 | Bonner et al. | Jun 2016 | B2 |
9375581 | Baru et al. | Jun 2016 | B2 |
9381365 | Kibler et al. | Jul 2016 | B2 |
9393424 | Demmer et al. | Jul 2016 | B2 |
9393436 | Doerr | Jul 2016 | B2 |
9399139 | Demmer et al. | Jul 2016 | B2 |
9399140 | Cho et al. | Jul 2016 | B2 |
9409033 | Jacobson | Aug 2016 | B2 |
9427594 | Bomzin et al. | Aug 2016 | B1 |
9433368 | Stahmann et al. | Sep 2016 | B2 |
9433780 | Régnier et al. | Sep 2016 | B2 |
9457193 | Klimovitch et al. | Oct 2016 | B2 |
9492668 | Sheldon et al. | Nov 2016 | B2 |
9492669 | Demmer et al. | Nov 2016 | B2 |
9492674 | Schmidt et al. | Nov 2016 | B2 |
9492677 | Greenhut et al. | Nov 2016 | B2 |
9511233 | Sambelashvili | Dec 2016 | B2 |
9511236 | Varady et al. | Dec 2016 | B2 |
9511237 | Deterre et al. | Dec 2016 | B2 |
9522276 | Shen et al. | Dec 2016 | B2 |
9522280 | Fishler et al. | Dec 2016 | B2 |
9526522 | Wood et al. | Dec 2016 | B2 |
9526891 | Eggen et al. | Dec 2016 | B2 |
9526909 | Stahmann et al. | Dec 2016 | B2 |
9533163 | Klimovitch et al. | Jan 2017 | B2 |
9561382 | Persson et al. | Feb 2017 | B2 |
9566012 | Greenhut et al. | Feb 2017 | B2 |
9636511 | Carney et al. | May 2017 | B2 |
9669223 | Auricchio et al. | Jun 2017 | B2 |
9687654 | Sheldon et al. | Jun 2017 | B2 |
9687655 | Pertijs et al. | Jun 2017 | B2 |
9687659 | Von Arx et al. | Jun 2017 | B2 |
9694186 | Carney et al. | Jul 2017 | B2 |
9782594 | Stahmann et al. | Oct 2017 | B2 |
9782601 | Ludwig | Oct 2017 | B2 |
9789317 | Greenhut et al. | Oct 2017 | B2 |
9789319 | Sambelashvili | Oct 2017 | B2 |
9808617 | Ostroff et al. | Nov 2017 | B2 |
9808628 | Sheldon et al. | Nov 2017 | B2 |
9808631 | Maile et al. | Nov 2017 | B2 |
9808632 | Reinke et al. | Nov 2017 | B2 |
9808633 | Bonner et al. | Nov 2017 | B2 |
9808637 | Sharma et al. | Nov 2017 | B2 |
9855414 | Marshall et al. | Jan 2018 | B2 |
9855430 | Ghosh et al. | Jan 2018 | B2 |
9855435 | Sahabi et al. | Jan 2018 | B2 |
9861815 | Tran et al. | Jan 2018 | B2 |
10080887 | Schmidt et al. | Sep 2018 | B2 |
10080888 | Kelly et al. | Sep 2018 | B2 |
10080900 | Ghosh et al. | Sep 2018 | B2 |
10080903 | Willis et al. | Sep 2018 | B2 |
10086206 | Sambelashvili | Oct 2018 | B2 |
10118026 | Grubac et al. | Nov 2018 | B2 |
10124163 | Ollivier et al. | Nov 2018 | B2 |
10124175 | Berthiaume et al. | Nov 2018 | B2 |
10130821 | Grubac et al. | Nov 2018 | B2 |
10137305 | Kane et al. | Nov 2018 | B2 |
10201710 | Jackson et al. | Feb 2019 | B2 |
10207115 | Echt et al. | Feb 2019 | B2 |
10207116 | Sheldon et al. | Feb 2019 | B2 |
20020032470 | Linberg | Mar 2002 | A1 |
20020035376 | Bardy et al. | Mar 2002 | A1 |
20020035377 | Bardy et al. | Mar 2002 | A1 |
20020035378 | Bardy et al. | Mar 2002 | A1 |
20020035380 | Rissmann et al. | Mar 2002 | A1 |
20020035381 | Bardy et al. | Mar 2002 | A1 |
20020042629 | Bardy et al. | Apr 2002 | A1 |
20020042630 | Bardy et al. | Apr 2002 | A1 |
20020042634 | Bardy et al. | Apr 2002 | A1 |
20020049475 | Bardy et al. | Apr 2002 | A1 |
20020052636 | Bardy et al. | May 2002 | A1 |
20020068958 | Bardy et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
20020072773 | Bardy et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
20020082665 | Haller et al. | Jun 2002 | A1 |
20020091414 | Bardy et al. | Jul 2002 | A1 |
20020095196 | Linberg | Jul 2002 | A1 |
20020099423 | Berg et al. | Jul 2002 | A1 |
20020103510 | Bardy et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
20020107545 | Rissmann et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
20020107546 | Ostroff et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
20020107547 | Erlinger et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
20020107548 | Bardy et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
20020107549 | Bardy et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
20020107559 | Sanders et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
20020120299 | Ostroff et al. | Aug 2002 | A1 |
20020173830 | Starkweather et al. | Nov 2002 | A1 |
20020193846 | Pool et al. | Dec 2002 | A1 |
20030009203 | Lebel et al. | Jan 2003 | A1 |
20030028082 | Thompson | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030040779 | Engmark et al. | Feb 2003 | A1 |
20030041866 | Linberg et al. | Mar 2003 | A1 |
20030045805 | Sheldon et al. | Mar 2003 | A1 |
20030088278 | Bardy et al. | May 2003 | A1 |
20030097153 | Bardy et al. | May 2003 | A1 |
20030105497 | Zhu et al. | Jun 2003 | A1 |
20030114908 | Flach | Jun 2003 | A1 |
20030144701 | Mehra et al. | Jul 2003 | A1 |
20030187460 | Chin et al. | Oct 2003 | A1 |
20030187461 | Chin | Oct 2003 | A1 |
20040024435 | Leckrone et al. | Feb 2004 | A1 |
20040068302 | Rodgers et al. | Apr 2004 | A1 |
20040087938 | Leckrone et al. | May 2004 | A1 |
20040088035 | Guenst et al. | May 2004 | A1 |
20040102830 | Williams | May 2004 | A1 |
20040127959 | Amundson et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
20040133242 | Chapman et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
20040147969 | Mann et al. | Jul 2004 | A1 |
20040147973 | Hauser | Jul 2004 | A1 |
20040167558 | Igo et al. | Aug 2004 | A1 |
20040167587 | Thompson | Aug 2004 | A1 |
20040172071 | Bardy et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
20040172077 | Chinchoy | Sep 2004 | A1 |
20040172104 | Berg et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
20040176817 | Wahlstrand et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
20040176818 | Wahlstrand et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
20040176830 | Fang | Sep 2004 | A1 |
20040186529 | Bardy et al. | Sep 2004 | A1 |
20040204673 | Flaherty | Oct 2004 | A1 |
20040210292 | Bardy et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
20040210293 | Bardy et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
20040210294 | Bardy et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
20040215308 | Bardy et al. | Oct 2004 | A1 |
20040220624 | Ritscher et al. | Nov 2004 | A1 |
20040220626 | Wagner | Nov 2004 | A1 |
20040220639 | Mulligan et al. | Nov 2004 | A1 |
20040230283 | Prinzen et al. | Nov 2004 | A1 |
20040249431 | Ransbury et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
20040260348 | Bakken et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
20040267303 | Guenst | Dec 2004 | A1 |
20050061320 | Lee et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
20050070962 | Echt et al. | Mar 2005 | A1 |
20050102003 | Grabek et al. | May 2005 | A1 |
20050149138 | Min et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
20050165466 | Morris et al. | Jul 2005 | A1 |
20050182465 | Ness | Aug 2005 | A1 |
20050203410 | Jenkins | Sep 2005 | A1 |
20050283208 | Von Arx et al. | Dec 2005 | A1 |
20050288743 | Ahn et al. | Dec 2005 | A1 |
20060042830 | Maghribi et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060052829 | Sun et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060052830 | Spinelli et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060064135 | Brockway | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060064149 | Belacazar et al. | Mar 2006 | A1 |
20060085039 | Hastings et al. | Apr 2006 | A1 |
20060085041 | Hastings et al. | Apr 2006 | A1 |
20060085042 | Hastings et al. | Apr 2006 | A1 |
20060095078 | Tronnes | May 2006 | A1 |
20060106442 | Richardson et al. | May 2006 | A1 |
20060116746 | Chin | Jun 2006 | A1 |
20060135999 | Bodner et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
20060136004 | Cowan et al. | Jun 2006 | A1 |
20060161061 | Echt et al. | Jul 2006 | A1 |
20060200002 | Guenst | Sep 2006 | A1 |
20060206151 | Lu | Sep 2006 | A1 |
20060212079 | Routh et al. | Sep 2006 | A1 |
20060241701 | Markowitz et al. | Oct 2006 | A1 |
20060241705 | Neumann et al. | Oct 2006 | A1 |
20060247672 | Vidlund et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
20060259088 | Pastore et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
20060265018 | Smith et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
20070004979 | Wojciechowicz et al. | Jan 2007 | A1 |
20070016098 | Kim et al. | Jan 2007 | A1 |
20070027508 | Cowan | Feb 2007 | A1 |
20070078490 | Cowan et al. | Apr 2007 | A1 |
20070088394 | Jacobson | Apr 2007 | A1 |
20070088396 | Jacobson | Apr 2007 | A1 |
20070088397 | Jacobson | Apr 2007 | A1 |
20070088398 | Jacobson | Apr 2007 | A1 |
20070088405 | Jacobson | Apr 2007 | A1 |
20070135882 | Drasler et al. | Jun 2007 | A1 |
20070135883 | Drasler et al. | Jun 2007 | A1 |
20070150037 | Hastings et al. | Jun 2007 | A1 |
20070150038 | Hastings et al. | Jun 2007 | A1 |
20070156190 | Cinbis | Jul 2007 | A1 |
20070219525 | Gelfand et al. | Sep 2007 | A1 |
20070219590 | Hastings et al. | Sep 2007 | A1 |
20070225545 | Ferrari | Sep 2007 | A1 |
20070233206 | Frikart et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
20070239244 | Morgan et al. | Oct 2007 | A1 |
20070255376 | Michels et al. | Nov 2007 | A1 |
20070276444 | Gelbart et al. | Nov 2007 | A1 |
20070293900 | Sheldon et al. | Dec 2007 | A1 |
20070293904 | Gelbart et al. | Dec 2007 | A1 |
20080004663 | Jorgenson | Jan 2008 | A1 |
20080021505 | Hastings et al. | Jan 2008 | A1 |
20080021519 | De Geest et al. | Jan 2008 | A1 |
20080021532 | Kveen et al. | Jan 2008 | A1 |
20080065183 | Whitehurst et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
20080065185 | Worley | Mar 2008 | A1 |
20080071318 | Brooke et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
20080109054 | Hastings et al. | May 2008 | A1 |
20080119911 | Rosero | May 2008 | A1 |
20080130670 | Kim et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
20080154139 | Shuros et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
20080154322 | Jackson et al. | Jun 2008 | A1 |
20080228234 | Stancer | Sep 2008 | A1 |
20080234771 | Chinchoy et al. | Sep 2008 | A1 |
20080243217 | Wildon | Oct 2008 | A1 |
20080269814 | Rosero | Oct 2008 | A1 |
20080269825 | Chinchoy et al. | Oct 2008 | A1 |
20080275518 | Ghanem et al. | Nov 2008 | A1 |
20080275519 | Ghanem et al. | Nov 2008 | A1 |
20080288039 | Reddy | Nov 2008 | A1 |
20080294208 | Willis et al. | Nov 2008 | A1 |
20080294210 | Rosero | Nov 2008 | A1 |
20080294229 | Friedman et al. | Nov 2008 | A1 |
20080306359 | Zdeblick et al. | Dec 2008 | A1 |
20090018599 | Hastings et al. | Jan 2009 | A1 |
20090024180 | Kisker et al. | Jan 2009 | A1 |
20090036941 | Corbucci | Feb 2009 | A1 |
20090048646 | Katoozi et al. | Feb 2009 | A1 |
20090062895 | Stahmann et al. | Mar 2009 | A1 |
20090082827 | Kveen | Mar 2009 | A1 |
20090082828 | Ostroff | Mar 2009 | A1 |
20090088813 | Brockway et al. | Apr 2009 | A1 |
20090131907 | Chin et al. | May 2009 | A1 |
20090135886 | Robertson et al. | May 2009 | A1 |
20090143835 | Pastore et al. | Jun 2009 | A1 |
20090171408 | Solem | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090171414 | Kelly et al. | Jul 2009 | A1 |
20090204163 | Shuros et al. | Aug 2009 | A1 |
20090204170 | Hastings et al. | Aug 2009 | A1 |
20090210024 | M. | Aug 2009 | A1 |
20090216292 | Pless et al. | Aug 2009 | A1 |
20090234407 | Hastings et al. | Sep 2009 | A1 |
20090234411 | Sambelashvili et al. | Sep 2009 | A1 |
20090266573 | Engmark et al. | Oct 2009 | A1 |
20090275998 | Burnes et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
20090275999 | Burnes et al. | Nov 2009 | A1 |
20090299447 | Jensen et al. | Dec 2009 | A1 |
20100013668 | Kantervik | Jan 2010 | A1 |
20100016911 | Willis et al. | Jan 2010 | A1 |
20100023085 | Wu et al. | Jan 2010 | A1 |
20100030061 | Canfield et al. | Feb 2010 | A1 |
20100030327 | Chatel | Feb 2010 | A1 |
20100042108 | Hibino | Feb 2010 | A1 |
20100056871 | Govari et al. | Mar 2010 | A1 |
20100063375 | Kassab et al. | Mar 2010 | A1 |
20100063562 | Cowan et al. | Mar 2010 | A1 |
20100069983 | Peacock, III et al. | Mar 2010 | A1 |
20100094367 | Sen | Apr 2010 | A1 |
20100114209 | Krause et al. | May 2010 | A1 |
20100114214 | Morelli et al. | May 2010 | A1 |
20100125281 | Jacobson et al. | May 2010 | A1 |
20100168761 | Kassab et al. | Jul 2010 | A1 |
20100168819 | Freeberg | Jul 2010 | A1 |
20100198288 | Ostroff | Aug 2010 | A1 |
20100198304 | Wang | Aug 2010 | A1 |
20100217367 | Belson | Aug 2010 | A1 |
20100228308 | Cowan et al. | Sep 2010 | A1 |
20100234906 | Koh | Sep 2010 | A1 |
20100234924 | Willis | Sep 2010 | A1 |
20100241185 | Mahapatra et al. | Sep 2010 | A1 |
20100249729 | Morris et al. | Sep 2010 | A1 |
20100286744 | Echt et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
20100298841 | Prinzen et al. | Nov 2010 | A1 |
20100312309 | Harding | Dec 2010 | A1 |
20110022113 | Zdeblick et al. | Jan 2011 | A1 |
20110071586 | Jacobson | Mar 2011 | A1 |
20110077708 | Ostroff | Mar 2011 | A1 |
20110112600 | Cowan et al. | May 2011 | A1 |
20110118588 | Komblau et al. | May 2011 | A1 |
20110118810 | Cowan et al. | May 2011 | A1 |
20110137187 | Yang et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
20110144720 | Cowan et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
20110152970 | Jollota et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
20110160558 | Rassatt et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
20110160565 | Stubbs et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
20110160801 | Markowitz et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
20110160806 | Lyden et al. | Jun 2011 | A1 |
20110166620 | Cowan et al. | Jul 2011 | A1 |
20110166621 | Cowan et al. | Jul 2011 | A1 |
20110184491 | Kivi | Jul 2011 | A1 |
20110190835 | Brockway et al. | Aug 2011 | A1 |
20110208260 | Jacobson | Aug 2011 | A1 |
20110218587 | Jacobson | Sep 2011 | A1 |
20110230734 | Fain et al. | Sep 2011 | A1 |
20110237967 | Moore et al. | Sep 2011 | A1 |
20110245890 | Brisben et al. | Oct 2011 | A1 |
20110251660 | Griswold | Oct 2011 | A1 |
20110251662 | Griswold et al. | Oct 2011 | A1 |
20110270099 | Ruben et al. | Nov 2011 | A1 |
20110270339 | Murray, III et al. | Nov 2011 | A1 |
20110270340 | Pellegrini et al. | Nov 2011 | A1 |
20110270341 | Ruben et al. | Nov 2011 | A1 |
20110276102 | Cohen | Nov 2011 | A1 |
20110282423 | Jacobson | Nov 2011 | A1 |
20120004527 | Thompson et al. | Jan 2012 | A1 |
20120029323 | Zhao | Feb 2012 | A1 |
20120041508 | Rousso et al. | Feb 2012 | A1 |
20120059433 | Cowan et al. | Mar 2012 | A1 |
20120059436 | Fontaine et al. | Mar 2012 | A1 |
20120065500 | Rogers et al. | Mar 2012 | A1 |
20120078322 | Dal Molin et al. | Mar 2012 | A1 |
20120089198 | Ostroff | Apr 2012 | A1 |
20120093245 | Makdissi et al. | Apr 2012 | A1 |
20120095521 | Hintz | Apr 2012 | A1 |
20120095539 | Khairkhahan et al. | Apr 2012 | A1 |
20120101540 | O'Brien et al. | Apr 2012 | A1 |
20120101553 | Reddy | Apr 2012 | A1 |
20120109148 | Bonner et al. | May 2012 | A1 |
20120109149 | Bonner et al. | May 2012 | A1 |
20120109236 | Jacobson et al. | May 2012 | A1 |
20120109259 | Bond et al. | May 2012 | A1 |
20120116489 | Khairkhahan et al. | May 2012 | A1 |
20120150251 | Giftakis et al. | Jun 2012 | A1 |
20120158111 | Khairkhahan et al. | Jun 2012 | A1 |
20120165827 | Khairkhahan et al. | Jun 2012 | A1 |
20120172690 | Anderson et al. | Jul 2012 | A1 |
20120172891 | Lee | Jul 2012 | A1 |
20120172892 | Grubac | Jul 2012 | A1 |
20120172942 | Berg | Jul 2012 | A1 |
20120197350 | Roberts et al. | Aug 2012 | A1 |
20120197373 | Khairkhahan et al. | Aug 2012 | A1 |
20120215285 | Tahmasian et al. | Aug 2012 | A1 |
20120232565 | Kveen et al. | Sep 2012 | A1 |
20120245665 | Friedman et al. | Sep 2012 | A1 |
20120277600 | Greenhut | Nov 2012 | A1 |
20120277606 | Ellingson et al. | Nov 2012 | A1 |
20120283795 | Stancer et al. | Nov 2012 | A1 |
20120283807 | Deterre et al. | Nov 2012 | A1 |
20120289776 | Keast et al. | Nov 2012 | A1 |
20120289815 | Keast et al. | Nov 2012 | A1 |
20120290021 | Saurkar et al. | Nov 2012 | A1 |
20120290025 | Keimel | Nov 2012 | A1 |
20120296381 | Matos | Nov 2012 | A1 |
20120303082 | Dong et al. | Nov 2012 | A1 |
20120316613 | Keefe et al. | Dec 2012 | A1 |
20130012151 | Hankins | Jan 2013 | A1 |
20130023975 | Locsin | Jan 2013 | A1 |
20130035748 | Bonner et al. | Feb 2013 | A1 |
20130041422 | Jacobson | Feb 2013 | A1 |
20130053908 | Smith et al. | Feb 2013 | A1 |
20130053915 | Holmstrom et al. | Feb 2013 | A1 |
20130053921 | Bonner et al. | Feb 2013 | A1 |
20130060298 | Splett et al. | Mar 2013 | A1 |
20130066169 | Rys et al. | Mar 2013 | A1 |
20130072770 | Rao et al. | Mar 2013 | A1 |
20130079798 | Tran et al. | Mar 2013 | A1 |
20130079861 | Reinert et al. | Mar 2013 | A1 |
20130085350 | Schugt et al. | Apr 2013 | A1 |
20130085403 | Gunderson et al. | Apr 2013 | A1 |
20130085550 | Polefko et al. | Apr 2013 | A1 |
20130096649 | Martin et al. | Apr 2013 | A1 |
20130103047 | Steingisser et al. | Apr 2013 | A1 |
20130103109 | Jacobson | Apr 2013 | A1 |
20130110008 | Bourget et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
20130110127 | Bornzin et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
20130110192 | Tran et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
20130110219 | Bornzin et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
20130116529 | Min et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
20130116738 | Samade et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
20130116740 | Bornzin et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
20130116741 | Bornzin et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
20130123872 | Bornzin et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
20130123875 | Varady et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
20130131591 | Berthiaume et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
20130131693 | Berthiaume et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
20130138006 | Bornzin et al. | May 2013 | A1 |
20130150695 | Biela et al. | Jun 2013 | A1 |
20130150911 | Perschbacher et al. | Jun 2013 | A1 |
20130150912 | Perschbacher et al. | Jun 2013 | A1 |
20130184776 | Shuros et al. | Jul 2013 | A1 |
20130192611 | Taepke, II et al. | Aug 2013 | A1 |
20130196703 | Masoud et al. | Aug 2013 | A1 |
20130197609 | Moore et al. | Aug 2013 | A1 |
20130231710 | Jacobson | Sep 2013 | A1 |
20130238072 | Deterre et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
20130238073 | Makdissi et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
20130253309 | Allan et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
20130253342 | Griswold et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
20130253343 | Waldhauser et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
20130253344 | Griswold et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
20130253345 | Griswold et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
20130253346 | Griswold et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
20130253347 | Griswold et al. | Sep 2013 | A1 |
20130261497 | Pertijs et al. | Oct 2013 | A1 |
20130265144 | Banna et al. | Oct 2013 | A1 |
20130268042 | Hastings et al. | Oct 2013 | A1 |
20130274828 | Willis | Oct 2013 | A1 |
20130274847 | Ostroff | Oct 2013 | A1 |
20130282070 | Cowan et al. | Oct 2013 | A1 |
20130282073 | Cowan et al. | Oct 2013 | A1 |
20130296727 | Sullivan et al. | Nov 2013 | A1 |
20130303872 | Taff et al. | Nov 2013 | A1 |
20130324825 | Ostroff et al. | Dec 2013 | A1 |
20130325081 | Karst et al. | Dec 2013 | A1 |
20130345770 | Dianaty et al. | Dec 2013 | A1 |
20140012344 | Hastings et al. | Jan 2014 | A1 |
20140018876 | Ostroff | Jan 2014 | A1 |
20140018877 | Demmer et al. | Jan 2014 | A1 |
20140031836 | Ollivier | Jan 2014 | A1 |
20140039570 | Carroll et al. | Feb 2014 | A1 |
20140039591 | Drasler et al. | Feb 2014 | A1 |
20140043146 | Makdissi et al. | Feb 2014 | A1 |
20140046395 | Regnier et al. | Feb 2014 | A1 |
20140046420 | Moore et al. | Feb 2014 | A1 |
20140058240 | Mothilal et al. | Feb 2014 | A1 |
20140058494 | Ostroff et al. | Feb 2014 | A1 |
20140074114 | Khairkhahan et al. | Mar 2014 | A1 |
20140074186 | Faltys et al. | Mar 2014 | A1 |
20140094891 | Pare et al. | Apr 2014 | A1 |
20140100624 | Ellingson | Apr 2014 | A1 |
20140100627 | Min | Apr 2014 | A1 |
20140107723 | Hou et al. | Apr 2014 | A1 |
20140121719 | Bonner et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
20140121720 | Bonner et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
20140121722 | Sheldon et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
20140128935 | Kumar et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
20140135865 | Hastings et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
20140142648 | Smith et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
20140148675 | Nordstrom et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
20140148815 | Wenzel et al. | May 2014 | A1 |
20140155950 | Hastings et al. | Jun 2014 | A1 |
20140169162 | Romano et al. | Jun 2014 | A1 |
20140172060 | Bornzin et al. | Jun 2014 | A1 |
20140180306 | Grubac et al. | Jun 2014 | A1 |
20140180366 | Edlund | Jun 2014 | A1 |
20140207149 | Hastings et al. | Jul 2014 | A1 |
20140207210 | Willis et al. | Jul 2014 | A1 |
20140214104 | Greenhut et al. | Jul 2014 | A1 |
20140222015 | Keast et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
20140222098 | Baru et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
20140222109 | Moulder | Aug 2014 | A1 |
20140228913 | Molin et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
20140236172 | Hastings et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
20140243848 | Auricchio et al. | Aug 2014 | A1 |
20140255298 | Cole et al. | Sep 2014 | A1 |
20140257324 | Fain | Sep 2014 | A1 |
20140257422 | Herken | Sep 2014 | A1 |
20140257444 | Cole et al. | Sep 2014 | A1 |
20140276929 | Foster et al. | Sep 2014 | A1 |
20140303704 | Suwito et al. | Oct 2014 | A1 |
20140309706 | Jacobson | Oct 2014 | A1 |
20140343348 | Kaplan et al. | Nov 2014 | A1 |
20140371818 | Bond et al. | Dec 2014 | A1 |
20140379041 | Foster | Dec 2014 | A1 |
20150025612 | Haasl et al. | Jan 2015 | A1 |
20150039041 | Smith et al. | Feb 2015 | A1 |
20150045868 | Bonner et al. | Feb 2015 | A1 |
20150051609 | Schmidt et al. | Feb 2015 | A1 |
20150051610 | Schmidt et al. | Feb 2015 | A1 |
20150051611 | Schmidt et al. | Feb 2015 | A1 |
20150051612 | Schmidt et al. | Feb 2015 | A1 |
20150051613 | Schmidt et al. | Feb 2015 | A1 |
20150051614 | Schmidt et al. | Feb 2015 | A1 |
20150051615 | Schmidt et al. | Feb 2015 | A1 |
20150051616 | Haasl et al. | Feb 2015 | A1 |
20150051682 | Schmidt et al. | Feb 2015 | A1 |
20150057520 | Foster et al. | Feb 2015 | A1 |
20150057558 | Stahmann et al. | Feb 2015 | A1 |
20150057721 | Stahmann et al. | Feb 2015 | A1 |
20150088155 | Stahmann et al. | Mar 2015 | A1 |
20150088221 | Barr-Cohen | Mar 2015 | A1 |
20150105836 | Bonner et al. | Apr 2015 | A1 |
20150126854 | Keast et al. | May 2015 | A1 |
20150157861 | Aghassian | Jun 2015 | A1 |
20150157866 | Demmer et al. | Jun 2015 | A1 |
20150173655 | Demmer et al. | Jun 2015 | A1 |
20150190638 | Smith et al. | Jul 2015 | A1 |
20150196756 | Stahmann et al. | Jul 2015 | A1 |
20150196757 | Stahmann et al. | Jul 2015 | A1 |
20150196758 | Stahmann et al. | Jul 2015 | A1 |
20150196769 | Stahmann et al. | Jul 2015 | A1 |
20150217119 | Nikolski et al. | Aug 2015 | A1 |
20150221898 | Chi et al. | Aug 2015 | A1 |
20150224315 | Stahmann | Aug 2015 | A1 |
20150224320 | Stahmann | Aug 2015 | A1 |
20150230699 | Berul et al. | Aug 2015 | A1 |
20150238769 | Demmer et al. | Aug 2015 | A1 |
20150258345 | Smith et al. | Sep 2015 | A1 |
20150290468 | Zhang | Oct 2015 | A1 |
20150297905 | Greenhut et al. | Oct 2015 | A1 |
20150297907 | Zhang | Oct 2015 | A1 |
20150305637 | Greenhut et al. | Oct 2015 | A1 |
20150305638 | Zhang | Oct 2015 | A1 |
20150305639 | Greenhut et al. | Oct 2015 | A1 |
20150305640 | Reinke et al. | Oct 2015 | A1 |
20150305641 | Stadler et al. | Oct 2015 | A1 |
20150305642 | Reinke et al. | Oct 2015 | A1 |
20150306374 | Seifert et al. | Oct 2015 | A1 |
20150306375 | Marshall et al. | Oct 2015 | A1 |
20150306401 | Demmer et al. | Oct 2015 | A1 |
20150306406 | Crutchfield et al. | Oct 2015 | A1 |
20150306407 | Crutchfield et al. | Oct 2015 | A1 |
20150306408 | Greenhut et al. | Oct 2015 | A1 |
20150321016 | O'Brien et al. | Nov 2015 | A1 |
20150328448 | Richter et al. | Nov 2015 | A1 |
20150328459 | Chin et al. | Nov 2015 | A1 |
20150335884 | Khairkhahan et al. | Nov 2015 | A1 |
20160015322 | Anderson et al. | Jan 2016 | A1 |
20160023000 | Cho et al. | Jan 2016 | A1 |
20160030757 | Jacobson | Feb 2016 | A1 |
20160033177 | Barot et al. | Feb 2016 | A1 |
20160121127 | Klimovitch et al. | May 2016 | A1 |
20160121128 | Fishler et al. | May 2016 | A1 |
20160121129 | Persson et al. | May 2016 | A1 |
20160213919 | Suwito et al. | Jul 2016 | A1 |
20160213937 | Reinke et al. | Jul 2016 | A1 |
20160213939 | Carney et al. | Jul 2016 | A1 |
20160228026 | Jackson | Aug 2016 | A1 |
20160310726 | Demmer | Oct 2016 | A1 |
20160317825 | Jacobson | Nov 2016 | A1 |
20160367823 | Cowan et al. | Dec 2016 | A1 |
20170014629 | Ghosh et al. | Jan 2017 | A1 |
20170035315 | Jackson | Feb 2017 | A1 |
20170043173 | Sharma et al. | Feb 2017 | A1 |
20170043174 | Greenhut et al. | Feb 2017 | A1 |
20170106185 | Orts | Apr 2017 | A1 |
20170189681 | Anderson | Jul 2017 | A1 |
20170209689 | Chen | Jul 2017 | A1 |
20170281261 | Shuros et al. | Oct 2017 | A1 |
20170281952 | Shuros et al. | Oct 2017 | A1 |
20170281953 | Min et al. | Oct 2017 | A1 |
20170281955 | Maile et al. | Oct 2017 | A1 |
20170312531 | Sawchuk | Nov 2017 | A1 |
20180256902 | Toy et al. | Sep 2018 | A1 |
20180256909 | Smith et al. | Sep 2018 | A1 |
20180264262 | Haasl et al. | Sep 2018 | A1 |
20180264270 | Koop et al. | Sep 2018 | A1 |
20180264272 | Haasl et al. | Sep 2018 | A1 |
20180264273 | Haasl et al. | Sep 2018 | A1 |
20180264274 | Haasl et al. | Sep 2018 | A1 |
20180339160 | Carroll | Nov 2018 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
2008279789 | Oct 2011 | AU |
2008329620 | May 2014 | AU |
2014203793 | Jul 2014 | AU |
1003904 | Jan 1977 | CA |
202933393 | May 2013 | CN |
0362611 | Apr 1990 | EP |
503823 | Sep 1992 | EP |
1702648 | Sep 2006 | EP |
1904166 | Jun 2011 | EP |
2471452 | Jul 2012 | EP |
2433675 | Jan 2013 | EP |
2441491 | Jan 2013 | EP |
2452721 | Nov 2013 | EP |
2662113 | Nov 2013 | EP |
1948296 | Jan 2014 | EP |
2760541 | May 2016 | EP |
2833966 | May 2016 | EP |
2000051373 | Feb 2000 | JP |
2002502640 | Jan 2002 | JP |
2004512105 | Apr 2004 | JP |
2005508208 | Mar 2005 | JP |
2005245215 | Sep 2005 | JP |
2008540040 | Nov 2008 | JP |
5199867 | Feb 2013 | JP |
9500202 | Jan 1995 | WO |
9636134 | Nov 1996 | WO |
9724981 | Jul 1997 | WO |
9826840 | Jun 1998 | WO |
9939867 | Aug 1999 | WO |
0234330 | May 2002 | WO |
02098282 | Dec 2002 | WO |
2005000206 | Jan 2005 | WO |
2005042089 | May 2005 | WO |
2006065394 | Jun 2006 | WO |
2006086435 | Aug 2006 | WO |
2006113659 | Oct 2006 | WO |
2006124833 | Nov 2006 | WO |
2007073435 | Jun 2007 | WO |
2007075974 | Jul 2007 | WO |
2009006531 | Jan 2009 | WO |
2012054102 | Apr 2012 | WO |
2013080038 | Jun 2013 | WO |
2013098644 | Jul 2013 | WO |
2013184787 | Dec 2013 | WO |
2014120769 | Aug 2014 | WO |
Entry |
---|
US 8,886,318 B2, 11/2014, Jacobson et al. (withdrawn) |
“Instructions for Use System 1, Leadless Cardiac Pacemaker (LCP) and Delivery Catheter,” Nanostim Leadless Pacemakers, pp. 1-28, 2013. |
Hachisuka et al., “Development and Performance Analysis of an Intra-Body Communication Device,” The 12th International Conference on Solid State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems, vol. 4A1.3, pp. 1722-1725, 2003. |
Seyedi et al., “A Survey on Intrabody Communications for Body Area Network Application,” IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering,vol. 60(8): 2067-2079, 2013. |
Spickler et al., “Totally Self-Contained Intracardiac Pacemaker,” Journal of Electrocardiology, vol. 3(3&4): 324-331, 1970. |
Wegmüller, “Intra-Body Communication for Biomedical Sensor Networks,” Diss. ETH, No. 17323, 1-173, 2007. |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20180280685 A1 | Oct 2018 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
62480741 | Apr 2017 | US |