BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to an air break disconnect switch for high voltage electrical applications and, more particularly, to an in-line high voltage air break disconnect switch that mounts in-line with the transmission line conductor without the need of a group operated switch with associated ground supported mounting structure. Such an in-line high voltage disconnect switch hangs from and is supported by its associated transmission line.
One example of such an in-line high voltage disconnect switch is a vertical break disconnect switch currently manufactured and sold by Cleaveland/Price Inc., of Trafford, Pa., the present Assignee, as a type ILO-C, Hookstick Operated In-Line Transmission Switch. The switch is described in Cleaveland/Price Bulletin DB-1021611, entitled “Type ILO-C Hookstick Operated In-Line Transmission Switch 69 kV-230 kV 1200 A.”. The switch is rated 69 kV-230 kV, 1200 amperes. The Cleaveland/Price Inc. type ILO-C In-Line high voltage disconnect switch utilizes a manually operated hookstick for engaging an operating eye ring attached to the breakjaw end of the switch blade of the switch. The hookstick when engaged with the operating ring imparts rotation to the hinge end of the switch blade for opening and closing of the switch. The Cleaveland/Price Inc. type ILO-C In-Line high voltage disconnect switch is a single phase switch and is versatile and can serve many functions on a three phase system. The switch can be used to sectionalize long transmission lines, disconnect lines from substations, serve as a line tap switch, and serve as a temporary maintenance switch, for example. The Cleaveland/Price Inc. type ILO-C In-Line high voltage disconnect switch saves significant installation costs compared to a non-in-line switch installed via direct ground support mounting structure. The Cleaveland/Price Inc. type ILO-C high voltage disconnect switch allows for easy, cost efficient sectionalizing of high voltage transmission lines and isolation in high voltage substations. As a result of this, the type ILO-C In-Line high voltage disconnect switch has been used by electric utilities for many years to isolate transmission and substation circuits.
U.S. Pat. No. 9,881,755 B1 by Charles M. Cleaveland and issued to Cleaveland/Price Inc., the present assignee on Jan. 30, 2018, discloses a communication system controlled in-line motorized high voltage disconnect switch. The switch includes an elongated strain insulator supporting an elongated rotating switch blade having a hinge contact end and a break jaw contact end. The rotating switch blade is rotatable about a hinge pin at the hinge contact end during opening and closing of the switch. The switch includes a motor connected to an output shaft to cause the hinge end of the switch blade to rotate when energized to open or close the switch. A communication system actuates the motor to cause the switch to open and close as desired. The communication system may include a number of communication devices including a portable wireless hand-held control box for communicating with a switch mounted radio. The said Cleaveland/Price Inc. patent discloses embodiments of a vertical break and a side break in-line motorized high voltage disconnect switch. Both the vertical break and side break switches include an elongated switch blade that is rotatable at one end of the switch blade, i.e., about the hinge end. Reference is also made to U.S. Pat. No. 9,966,207 B1 by Charles M. Cleaveland and issued to Cleaveland/Price Inc., the present assignee on May 8, 2018, which also discloses a communication system controlled in-line motorized high voltage disconnect switch. The said U.S. Pat. No. 9,881,755 B1 and the said U.S. Pat. No. 9,966,207 B1 are both incorporated herein by reference in their entireties as though fully set forth.
It has been found that as such in-line motorized side break switches as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 9,881,755 B1 and 9,966,207 B1 go up in voltage, i.e., above 138 kV, it is difficult to keep the weight of the switch blade from putting an excessive torsional load on the transmission line which results in “rolling of the switch” mounted to the suspension insulator. This is caused by the side break switch blade embodiment, above 138 kV, opening generally horizontally to the ground and creating an excessive torque causing the “rolling of the switch”. It is the object of the present invention to provide a solution to this problem.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The problem of the described prior art side break in-line switch is solved with the present invention. The present invention provides a double break type high voltage disconnect switch which includes a horizontally rotating switch blade. The double break type high voltage disconnect switch is mounted in the transmission line in-line and includes a motor for operating the switch. The motor is mounted in the middle of and attached to the horizontally rotating switch blade, thereby the weight of the long switch blade is counterbalanced. This allows such an in-line mounted switch to operate with voltages 230 kV or higher, such as 500 kV.
The in-line double break disconnect switch includes a pair of ganged electrical insulators coaxially aligned with one another with each insulator having an end supported and attached to the transmission line in one embodiment. The other end of each insulator is retained and supported between a mechanical tie connection member such as upper and lower tie plates. The upper tie plate also supports the motor housing that houses the motor for operating the switch. A long horizontally rotating switch blade including a top blade and an oppositely disposed bottom blade positioned parallel to the top blade is supported in the longitudinal middle by the motor output shaft. The motor output shaft passes through the upper and lower tie plates. The transmission line tension load is carried by the two insulators that are joined at the tie plates by retaining pins mounted to the upper and lower tie plates. The insulator retaining pins are each attached with the upper and lower insulator tie plates. A pair of break jaws are included with each switch having a terminal connected in circuit with each transmission line end. Each break jaw makes electrical and physical contact with one end of the long switch blade upon closing of the long switch blade.
The in-line double break disconnect switch includes the long switch blade that is rotatable horizontally by the motor output shaft for final opening in an open non-conductive position 90 degrees to the transmission line and for final closing in a closed conductive position in line with the transmission line and in parallel spaced arrangement therewith. The joined pair of elongated strain insulators are coaxially aligned with one another in operation and are connected as mentioned near their inner ends to one another by the upper and lower tie plates. The joined pair of elongated strain insulators, in one embodiment, are suspended between the ends of the transmission line.
A drive assembly including the motor is operatively mounted to the upper tie plate of the switch. The motor output shaft is vertical and passes through a first opening in the upper tie plate between the inner ends of the ganged pair of elongated strain insulators. The lower tie plate is fastened to the above-mentioned pins that pass through the eye end-fitting on the end of each of the insulators. The lower tie plate includes a second opening. The output shaft of the motor passes through the second opening of the lower tie plate. The motor output shaft is fastened to the top of the long rotating switch blade in the middle of the long rotating switch blade. The weight of the switch blade is thereby counterbalanced with half of the weight on each side of the motor output shaft. This division of weight of the switch blade by the central placement of the connection of the motor output shaft creates a left section of the switch blade that extends on one side of the transmission line when opening by rotating horizontally while simultaneously a right section of the switch blade extends on the opposite side of the transmission line thereby resulting in counterbalancing of the switch blade and elimination of the described prior art “rolling of the switch”. This allows the in-line double break switch of the present invention to accommodate voltages such as 230 kV or higher, such as 500 kV.
The in-line double break switch of the present invention may be operated by a communication system that controls the switch mounted motor. A hookstick can also be used to operate the switch by rotating the worm of the worm gear of the motor drive assembly in the event the motor is inoperative. The communication system may include a plurality of communication devices such as radios. A switch mounted high powered radio can command the motor to open or close the switch for automating the utility system. The radio controlled motorized in-line double break switch is preferably powered by a solar charged battery which also powers the switch mounted radio and a remote terminal unit, i.e., RTU device. The RTU is a microprocessor-controlled electronic device that receives a radio signal and decodes the signal to operate a relay that energizes the motor to open or close the switch.
In a three-phase electric power installation the present invention provides in one embodiment three (3) motorized in-line double break switch disconnect switches, one for each phase, each with a battery and solar panel for charging the battery. A current transformer could also be used to charge the battery in addition to solar panels as long as current flows in the line. One phase can also be provided with a long range radio for long distance transmitting to an electric utility control room and all three phases can communicate with each other via three (3) short distance radios, one for each phase, which allow the three switches of this embodiment of a three-phase installation to be activated simultaneously.
The in-line double break disconnect switch of the present invention includes a switch mounted worm gear drive including a worm screw coupled to and activated by the switch motor. A worm gear is operatively attached to the motor output shaft which engages the elongated double break switch blade. When the in-line switch mounted motor is energized the worm gear rotates causing the double break switch blade member to rotate, as a result causing the switch blade to rotate about the axis of the motor output shaft to the open or the closed position. At both ends of the double break switch blade is a moving arc horn configured to contact a stationary arc horn when the switch is closed. The transmission line for each of the double break switches is cut in two or split at the switch. In one embodiment each in-line double break high voltage switch includes the ganged pair of polymer strain insulators which are provided with transmission line connection points at the outer end of each in the form of clevises and dead-end fittings for respectively mounting each cut end of the transmission line to the respective polymer insulator which carries the strain load of the line. The in-line double break disconnect switch of the present invention therefore hangs on the transmission line. The transmission line at a first cut end is electrically connected to a first switch break jaw terminal at the outer end of one of the elongated polymer insulators. The second cut end of the transmission line is electrically connected to a second switch break jaw terminal at the outer end of a second of the elongated polymer insulators of the ganged pair of elongated polymer insulators. In an alternative embodiment a third elongated polymer strain insulator is connected to the second elongated polymer insulator's outer end instead of the second elongated polymer insulator being connected to the second cut end of the transmission line for the purpose of suspending the switch from a utility pole.
The radio controlled in-line motorized double break disconnect switch of the present invention, when operable by a hookstick can include an eye ring operatively affixed to the worm so that the switch may still be manually turned with a hookstick or hot stick which engages the eye ring. This inclusion of the eye ring is desirable in case the motorized portion of the switch is inoperable electrically.
A housing is mounted to house the motor and other components of each in-line motorized double break disconnect switch. The housing encloses the worm drive and motor and other associated apparatus. For example, the housing can typically enclose and support devices such as, the battery, power and control boards, transformer, switch mounted radio and fuses. On the exterior of the housing one or more solar panels for powering the battery may be mounted. Also, one or more radio antennas can be mounted to the housing for communication.
The radio controlled in-line motorized double break high voltage disconnect switches of the present invention do not require a dedicated structure to mount them in a traditional manner, such as mounted to a metal framework, which results in advantageous commercial value for electric utilities that are automating their systems. By eliminating the traditional dedicated mounting support structures, obvious cost savings are realized by mounting the switch in the transmission line.
In an alternative embodiment, the above-mentioned three (3) short distance switch mounted radios may communicate with a short range radio housed in an enclosure at ground level which allows local operation of the three (3) motorized in-line high voltage double break disconnect switches from local controls at ground level and allows operation via the utility communication network between a ground level long distance radio and the utility control room radio. The ground level long range radio allows longer distance transmitting and a much larger solar panel mounted on the ground level enclosure, than switch mounted solar panels, allows collecting solar power in an area with little sun light or the long range radio mounted at ground level may be powered by a local AC source.
In other alternative embodiments, the radio controlled motorized in-line double break disconnect switch of the present invention may be used in a 3-way or 2-way switch assembly arrangement utilizing a utility pole for support in a three phase side by side switching arrangement or in a phase over phase, three phase arrangement. In a 3-way switch assembly arrangement, three of the radio controlled motorized in-line double break switches would be used per phase to route power in any one of three different directions. Each radio controlled motorized in-line double break switch includes a switch mounted short distance radio and each three phase arrangement also includes one long distance radio to communicate with the utility control room radio. In a ground level arrangement case, a short distance radio and the long distance radio will be housed in the ground level housing. The ground level long range radio will have the capability to communicate with an additional radio located at a distance in an electric utility control room. The three or two switches per phase may be radio controlled to open and close the switches simultaneously or independently as desired to route power in different directions or isolate a circuit for maintenance.
The radio controlled motorized in-line double break disconnect switch of the present invention may also include a vacuum interrupter or a quick break whip in order to interrupt current. Another embodiment of the communication system to simultaneously operate all three phases together could be a fiber optic connection between phases or phase to ground, not shown in the drawings, instead of the use of radio control. Still another embodiment is a communication system using a hand held radio controller which can command the switch to open or close.
These and other aspects of the present invention will be further understood from the detailed description of the particular embodiments, drawings and claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the motorized in-line double break high voltage disconnect switch with a horizontally rotating switch blade of the present invention with the solar panels and long range and short range antennas shown and the switch shown in the closed position;
FIG. 2 is the same switch shown in FIG. 1 with the switch open;
FIG. 3 is a view of the same switch shown in FIG. 1 looking up from the ground to the underside of the switch;
FIG. 4 is same as FIG. 3 but with the switch open;
FIG. 5 is a partial frontal view of the in-line double break disconnect switch shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the present invention showing the components mounted within the housing with the front panel removed;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an in-line double break disconnect switch of the present invention carrying a vacuum interrupter, showing the switch in the closed position;
FIG. 7 is the same as FIG. 6 but the switch is partially open;
FIG. 8 is the same as FIG. 6 but the switch is completely open;
FIG. 9 is a schematic showing the present invention for the radio control embodiment with phases “A”, “B”, and “C” of the electric system in an end view with communication to a utility control room;
FIG. 10 is the same as FIG. 9, but a larger solar panel and the higher power long range radio and larger battery are disposed at ground level within a ground level enclosure and also shown is the utility control room for communication to the ground level enclosure;
FIG. 11 is a schematic showing the present invention for the hand-held controller embodiment with phases “A”, “B”, and “C” of the electric system in an end view;
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of one phase of the 3-way switching arrangement of the present invention supported by a utility pole with two switches closed and one switch open each carrying a vacuum interrupter;
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of one phase of the 2-way switching arrangement of the present invention supported by a utility pole with one switch closed and one switch open carrying vacuum interrupters and a conductor to transmit power to either switch; and,
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a three phase, phase over phase, 3-way switching arrangement utilizing three in-line double break disconnect switches per phase each switch shown in the closed position and each carrying a vacuum interrupter;
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS
With reference to FIGS. 1-4, there is shown a radio controlled motorized in-line high voltage double break disconnect switch 10 of the present invention operatively suspended by and between cable conductors 12a, 12b of the transmission line conductor 120. With reference to FIG. 1, the in-line double break disconnect switch 10 of the present invention includes a pair of ganged elongated coaxially aligned polymer strain insulators 14a, 14b. As can be seen in FIG. 4, the first polymer insulator 14a has mounted at its respective first end 25a and second end 25b first chain eye fittings 18a, 18b. The second polymer insulator 14b has mounted at its respective first end 27a and second end 27b second chain eye fittings 20a, 20b. The chain eye fittings 18a, 20a are attached respectively by clevises 46a, 46b and dead-end fittings 48a, 48b for respectively mounting each cut end of the transmission line 120, i.e., cable conductor 12a, 12b to the respective polymer insulator 14a, 14b which together carry the strain load of the transmission line. The in-line high voltage double break disconnect switch 10 of the present invention as a result hangs on and is suspended by the transmission line 120.
As shown by reference to FIGS. 1 and 5, the ganged elongated polymer strain insulators 14a, 14b are coaxially aligned with one another along axis “X” of the switch 10. They are joined to each other by being mounted to a mechanical tie connection member 11. The mechanical tie connection member 11 can comprise an upper insulator tie plate 16a and a lower insulator tie plate 16b. The ganged polymer strain insulators 14a, 14b are mounted between upper insulator tie plate 16a and lower insulator tie plate 16b. Insulators 14a and 14b also are secured to plate 16a by multiple U-bolts 15a and 15b. FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show the U-bolts 15a and 15b also connect the mounting brackets 82a and 82b to the opposite end of insulators 14a and 14b. The upper tie plate 16a supports a motor housing 30 that houses a motor 32 and other control and communication components described subsequently. As seen in FIG. 5, the motor 32 is carried on a motor mounting plate 31 secured by bolts 33 to plate 16a. The motor 32 may be a type AC/DC having a ¾ horsepower rating, for example. A long horizontally rotating switch blade 34 is provided and includes a top blade 36a and an oppositely disposed bottom blade 36b positioned parallel to the top blade 36a. The top blade 36a is attached to the bottom blade 36b by blade connecting pins 39, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 4. The top blade 36a, bottom blade 36b and blade connecting pins 39 are all preferably made of copper or stainless steel. The long horizontally rotating switch blade 34 is supported by a vertical motor output shaft 38 that is driven by the motor 32. The motor output shaft 38 is mounted to the top plate 44 of the top blade 36a with the “Y” axis thereof passing midway between longitudinal ends 40a, 40b of the switch blade 34 as shown in FIG. 4. The long switch blade 34 is therefore gravitationally balanced and horizontally rotatable by the motor output shaft 38 for final opening in an open non-conductive position, such as shown, in FIG. 4, 90 degrees to the transmission line cable conductors, 12a, 12b. For final closing in a closed conductive position it is aligned at 0 degrees to the transmission line cable conductors, 12a, 12b and spaced parallel to them. As a result of this arrangement the weight of the long switch blade 34 is counter balanced during opening of the switch and prevents tilting of the switch blade 34 vertically. As can be seen from FIG. 4, with the switch open, the weight of left section 54a of the long switch blade 34 counter balances the weight of the right section 54b, thus eliminating the prior art problem of “rolling of the switch” about the conductor 120.
Referring to FIG. 5, the switch blade 34 of the in-line double break switch 10 includes a worm gear drive 70 which includes a worm screw 72 mounted to motor shaft 35. The worm screw 72 is coupled to and activated by the switch motor 32. A worm gear 74 is operatively attached to the motor output shaft 38. When the in-line switch mounted motor 32 is energized the worm gear 74 rotates causing rotation of the long switch blade 34 about the axis “Y” of the motor output shaft 38 to fully open or close the switch 10, see FIG. 4.
As can be seen in FIG. 4, the motor output shaft 38 passes through first motor shaft aperture 42a in the upper insulator tie plate 16a. The motor output shaft 38 then passes through the second motor shaft aperture 42b in the lower insulator tie plate 16b. The motor output shaft 38 is attached to a top blade plate 44. The top blade plate 44 is attached to top blade 36a as shown in FIG. 5.
As can be seen in FIG. 5. a first insulator retaining pin 22a is mounted to the upper insulator tie plate 16a and extends through a first chain eye aperture 24a in the first chain eye fitting 18b. The first insulator retaining pin 22a then extends through a hole in first lower insulator tie plate 16b. The first insulator retaining pin 22a may be threaded at the end that passes through the first lower insulator tie plate 16b. First nut 28a engages the threading of first insulator retaining pin 22a. Likewise, a second insulator retaining pin 22b is mounted to the upper tie plate 16a and extends through a second chain eye aperture 24b in the second insulator chain eye fitting 20b. The second insulator retaining pin 22b then extends through a hole in the second lower insulator tie plate 16b. The second insulator retaining pin 22b may also be threaded at the end that passes through the hole in the second lower insulator tie plate 16b, as shown in FIG. 5. Second nut 28b engages the threading of the second insulator retaining pin 22b.
The in-line double break disconnect switch 10 of the present invention also includes a pair of break jaws 50a, 50b, as shown in FIG. 3. Each break jaw 50a, 50b makes electrical and physical contact with the switch blade at top blade 36a and bottom blade 36b contact area of the long switch blade 34 upon closing of the long switch blade 34, as can be seen by reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, for example. The double break switch 10 also includes jumpers 37a, 37b. Jumper 37a is attached in circuit between the one cable conductor 12a and one break jaw terminal 51a. The other jumper 37b is attached in circuit between the other cable conductor 12b and the other break jaw terminal 51b.
At both ends of blade 34 of the switch 10 is mounted respectively moving arc horns 78a, 78b, as can be seen in FIG. 2. The moving arc horns 78a, 78b are configured to respectively and operatively contact stationary arc horns 80a, 80b. As seen in FIG. 3, one stationary arc horn 80a is mounted to one mounting bracket 82a and the other stationary arc horn 80b is mounted to another mounting bracket 82b. The break jaw terminals 51a, 51b are also respectively mounted to mounting brackets 82a, 82b as can be seen by reference to FIG. 3, for example. Ice shields 84a and 84b are desirably included to shield the break jaws 50a, 50b from ice build up that would impair switch opening and closing. One ice shield 84a is preferably mounted over the one break jaw 50a and the other ice shield 84b is mounted over the other break jaw 50b as shown in FIG. 3. The one mounting bracket 82b supports the one ice shield 84b and the other mounting bracket 82a supports the other ice shield 84a as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4.
FIG. 5 shows the radio controlled motorized in-line high voltage double break disconnect switch 10 of the present invention with the housing 30 having a front panel 58a removed to expose the interior of the housing 30. The radio controlled motorized in-line double break switch 10 may include a communication system 59. The communication system 59 may in one embodiment include a high power radio 60 and a low power radio 62 which can be mounted in the housing 30 as shown in FIG. 5. The high power radio 60 in one embodiment can communicate directly with a utility control room 105 with high power radio 106 as shown in FIG. 10 via antenna 108. The switch mounted high power radio 60 can receive a command from high power radio 106 to operate the motor 32 to open or close the switch 10. Alternatively, as mentioned previously, a hookstick, not shown in the drawings, can also be used to operate the switch by manually engaging an eye ring 64 shown in FIG. 1 to rotate the motor shaft 38. The eye ring 64 is operatively attached to the worm screw 72 so that the motor shaft 38 may still be manually turned with a hookstick or hot stick, not shown in the drawings, that engages the eye ring 64. This inclusion of the eye ring 64 is desirable in case the motorized portion of the switch is inoperable electrically.
The double break switch 10 preferably includes a solar charged switch mounted battery 66 for powering the motor 32, the switch mounted high power radio 60, if used, and low power radio 62 as shown in FIG. 5. A fuse 76 may also be housed in the housing for protecting the motor circuit. The solar charged switch mounted battery 66 also powers a remote terminal unit 71, i.e. RTU device, mounted to power board 68. A remote terminal unit (RTU) such as manufactured and sold by Cleaveland/Price Inc. as model no. RTU 3212 may be used for this application. A solar panel 86 is mounted on the housing 30 such as shown in FIG. 5 and is used for charging the battery 66.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an in-line double break disconnect switch 10 of the present invention carrying a vacuum interrupter 87 showing the switch 10 in the closed position. FIG. 7 is the same as FIG. 6 with the switch 10 partially open. FIG. 8 is the same as FIG. 6 but the switch is completely open. The vacuum interrupter 87 is attached proximate to the mounting bracket 82a. A spring loaded arc horn assembly 91a is attached at the opposite end of the switch 10 to mounting bracket 82b. As can seen in FIG. 7, as the switch blade 34 opens, moving arc horn 78a contacts trip arm 89 of the vacuum interrupter 87. At the same time, moving arc horn 78b contacts spring loaded arc horn bar 91b which follows the blade 34 as it opens. Also attached proximate to the mounting bracket 82a is a counter balance weight 93 for balancing the weight of the vacuum interrupter 87, which puts a torsional load on the cable conductor 12a. Such a vacuum interrupter device including multiple vacuum bottles connected in series circuit arrangement to extinguish an arc are well known, such as described in U.S. Pat. No.: 4,492,835 to John L. Turner, issued Jan. 8, 1985. As the blade 34 rotates the trip arm 89 of the vacuum interrupter 87 is contacted by the moving arc horn 78a for tripping the internal mechanism of the vacuum interrupter 87 and while likewise the spring loaded arc horn bar 91b is contacted by the moving arc horn 78b for maintaining the electric current path through the vacuum interrupter 87 until the vacuum interrupter 87 trips open the circuit. The internal mechanism of the vacuum interrupter 87 is not shown in the drawings. The housing 92 of the vacuum interrupter 87 contains the internal mechanism, that actuates the vacuum bottles, not shown in the drawings, contained within the housing 92 to interrupt the current flowing through conductor 120. After interruption occurs, continued rotation of blade 34, as shown in FIG. 8, allows spring loaded trip arm 89 and spring loaded arc horn bar 91b to return to their initial position ready for close operation.
FIG. 9 shows schematically elevation views of three radio controlled motorized in-line double break disconnect switches 10 of the present invention. The double break disconnect switch 10 of this embodiment is operatively arranged in each of the phases “A”, “B”, and “C” of an electric utility system. Each switch 10 of the three phases “A”, “B”, and “C” may contain, as mentioned, a switch mounted low power radio 62, as also shown in FIG. 5, which utilizes attached low power radio antenna 88, shown in FIG. 1 also, (actually mounted to the front panel 58a—removed in FIG. 5 to show interior components) to communicate with the other phases. Also, one of the switches 10 is provided with a high power radio 60 and a first high power antenna 90, as shown in phase “B” of FIG. 9 for long distance communicating to a control room 105. In this embodiment first high power antenna 90 can be used for distance receiving and transmitting directly to control room 105 by communicating with high power radio 106 via control room antenna 108. The control room antenna 108 can be mounted on the utility control room 105. The utility control room 105 may be located at a substantial distance from the switches 10, such as 50 miles. The three switches 10 mounted in the three phases “A”, “B”, and “C” communicate with each other via the three low power radios 62 using low power antennas 88; which allow the three switches 10 of the three phases “A”, “B”, and “C” to be actuated simultaneously. The present invention is also very beneficial for electric utilities because there is no need for a dedicated ground support structure to mount switches in a traditional manner.
FIG. 10 shows schematically, in another embodiment, elevation views of three radio controlled motorized in-line double break disconnect switches 10, which like the previous embodiment shown in FIG. 9, are each operatively arranged on the phases “A”, “B”, and “C” of an electric utility system. Each switch 10 of the three phases “A”, “B”, and “C” may contain, as mentioned, a switch mounted low power radio 62, as also shown in FIG. 5, which utilizes attached low power radio antenna 88 to at least communicate with the other phases. A utility room operator at the utility control room 105 may open or close the switch 10 by transmitting a radio command from the high power antenna 108 to the ground level antenna 104 mounted on ground level enclosure 112, for example, and high power transceiver 60a which communicates from antenna 90a to the switch antenna 90, which as shown in FIG. 10, is mounted in phase “B” of the three phase switching arrangement which is connected to the high power transceiver/radio 60 carried by the switch in phase “B”. The signal is translated via the RTU, i.e., remote terminal unit, to operate the contacts, not shown, on the control board 63 which energizes the motor 32 to rotate motor shaft 38 in one direction or the opposite direction to open or close the switch 10.
FIG. 10 also shows an additional embodiment, where a larger solar panel 110 can be mounted as shown to the ground level enclosure 112. The larger solar panel 110 is useful for areas with less sun to power a large ground level battery 116 which can power the high powered transceiver 60a, which can communicate open and close status information to control room 105.
A current transformer 69, shown in FIG. 5, may be mounted around the bottom blade switch conductor 36b and can be used to provide additional power to charge the battery 66 as long as current flows in the conductor 36b when the switch is closed. The current transformer 69 has leads 69a, 69b which provides power to power board 68 to charge battery 66.
FIG. 11 shows another embodiment whereby a utility worker can open or close the switch 10 by way of sending a radio command from the hand-held controller 94, via antenna 88a, to the three phase switching arrangement communicating via antennas 88 on each switch and the signal is translated via the RTU, i.e., remote terminal unit, to operate relay contacts, not shown, on the control board 63 which energizes the motor 32 to rotate the switch blade 34 in one direction or the other to open or close the switch 10. As shown in FIG. 5, the power board 68 takes power from the solar panel 86 and charges the battery 66 at a rate that does not over charge the battery to run the motor 12 at 125 VDC. As mentioned the power board 68 includes an inverter, not shown, that converts 12 VDC to AC. A transformer, not shown in the drawings, raises the voltage to 125 VAC which is rectified by the power board 68 to 125 VDC. The fuse 76 protects the circuit. The low power radio 62 shown in FIG. 5 in each phase receives a communication from the hand-held controller 94 to open simultaneously all three switches 10 or otherwise as desired. The hand-held controller 94 may include a momentary button 96 and a light 98 for indicating power is on, as shown in FIG. 11. The hand-held controller 94 may also include an open button 100 and a close button 102 for opening and closing the switches 10. Of course, other controls can be added to the hand-held controller 94, such as light 127 which indicates that the battery 66 is low on voltage to the point that the switch will not operate and light 128 which indicates that the radio is communicating.
FIG. 12 shows one phase of a three phase installation of a 3-way switching arrangement of the present invention supported by a utility pole 118. The switching arrangement shown in FIG. 12 includes three double break motorized in-line switches, which in this embodiment are identified as switches 10a, 10b and 10c, which are each suspended in part by the utility pole 118. The transmission line cable conductors 12a, 12b result from cutting a first transmission line 120. The cable conductors 12a, 12b are attached respectively to switches 10a and 10b with a second transmission line 122 attached to switch 10c. FIG. 12 shows switches 10a and 10c in the closed position while switch 10b is in the open position. Also, three additional polymer strain insulators 124 suspend each switch 10a, 10b, 10c to the pole 118, via traditional hardware. Jumpers 126 electrically connect switches 10a, 10b and 10c together. Thus, power can be routed in three different directions. This arrangement would also work for a 2-way switching arrangement, shown in FIG. 13 which is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 12 except without switch 10c but with line 122 feeding switch 10a or 10b, if switch 10b were to be closed and switch 10a opened. These switching arrangements form a two way or three way switch array. For further reference regarding two-way or three-way high voltage switching see U.S. Pat. No. 9,355,797 B1, entitled Unitized Phase Over Phase Two-Way or Three-Way High Voltage Switch Assembly with One Vacuum Interrupter Per Phase, issued Mar. 29, 2015, by Charles M. Cleaveland and which is assigned to the present Assignee, Cleaveland/Price Inc. and which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety as though fully set forth.
FIG. 14 shows the present invention in a three phase “A”, “B”, and “C”, phase over phase array, mounted to a utility pole 118. Each of the phases “A”, “B”, and “C” includes a three-way switching arrangement. A two-way three phase switching arrangement is also feasible and similar to FIG. 13 but is not shown in the drawings. For further reference in this regard see the previously mentioned U.S. Pat. No. 9,355,797 B1. Each phase includes, for example, three radio controlled in-line double break switches 10a, 10b, and 10c of the present invention configured as shown in FIG. 14. Each of the switches includes the vacuum interrupter 87 as previously described. All nine (9) switches are shown in the closed position.
The embodiments disclosed are merely some examples of the various ways in which the invention can be practiced and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Patent Grant
10622175
