In-wall coin bank with novelty face

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 6651797
  • Patent Number
    6,651,797
  • Date Filed
    Friday, February 18, 2000
    24 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, November 25, 2003
    21 years ago
  • Inventors
  • Examiners
    • Walsh; Donald P.
    • Shapiro; Jeffrey A
    Agents
    • Clayton, Howarth & Cannon, P.C.
Abstract
An in-wall coin bank with novelty face. The bank features a novelty face with an entertainment feature. The entertainment feature responds when a deposit is made, amusing or entertaining the user. The face may be detachable, different types of faces with entertainment features are possible. Methods of using the bank for saving are also disclosed and claimed.
Description




BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION




1. The Field of the Invention




The present invention relates generally to devices for securely storing items of interest, and more particularly, but not entirely, to security devices for storing coins in an amusing or entertaining way.




2. Description of Related Art




It is common practice to store money or other items of interest in a secured fashion. It is well known to achieve this security by means of a safe, or a strongbox, which is attached to, or incorporated within another structure, such as a building wall, a post, or a freestanding masonry column. Examples of this type of construction can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 2,410,475 (granted Nov. 5, 1946 to Anderson), in U.S. Pat. No. 2,427,763 (granted Sep. 23, 1947 to Carper), in U.S. Pat. No. 1,805,759 (granted May 10, 1931 to Chamberlain), U.S. Pat. No. 1,869,302 (granted Jul. 26, 1932 to Brosnan), and U.S. Pat. No. 4,655,145 (granted Apr. 7, 1987 to Naylor)




It is noteworthy that none of the prior art known to applicant provides for an entertainment aspect in connection with a security storage device. All of the said prior art merely discloses safety boxes designed to secure and protect the items held inside, in various structurally unique ways but without evoking any amusement in particular. The exterior of the prior art devices is strictly functional. Applicant knows of no attempts to include an entertainment or amusement structure on the exterior of a security storage device.




The prior art thus has several inherent disadvantages. A secured storage device which includes only security features, is less appealing to consumers, as these are expensive specialty items which function only to securely store items. Further, such safes are often bulky, and take up a large volume compared to the storage space inside the safe. An in-wall safe takes up less space and can be hidden by a wall hanging. As a result consumers are less likely to purchase a freestanding storage device rather than lose home storage space, or take on the expense of an in-wall safe, often placing only the most economically valuable items in a safe deposit box.




There is thus a need for a secured storage device for household use, which preferably does not take up a large volume of space, can either be displayed or hidden, and which is useful for an entertainment purpose as well.




The present invention fulfills these needs by utilizing the methods and structural features described herein.




BRIEF SUMMARY AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION




It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a means to securely store items of interest suitable for household use.




It is another object of the present invention, in accordance with one aspect thereof to provide a means to securely store items of interest and which does not take up a substantial amount of household storage space.




It is also an object of the present invention, in accordance with one aspect thereof, to provide a means for securely storing items of interest, which features an entertainment aspect.




It is a further object of the present invention, in accordance with one aspect thereof, to provide a means for securely storing items of interest, while allowing those items to be viewed.




It is an additional object of the invention, in accordance with one aspect thereof, to provide a means for securely storing items of interest, such as coins, with an entertainment feature that encourages users to save those items.




The above objects and others not specifically recited are realized in specific illustrative embodiments of the present invention.




One such embodiment comprises a device for securely storing items of interest, which has a novelty face. A means for evoking a response of entertainment, or amusement, from the user is disposed on the novelty face. The device can be installed in a wall, allowing items of interest to be securely stored and the means for evoking a response of amusement to be accessible. This in-wall design allows the device to be used in households to securely hold items of interest while conserving storage space, and the entertainment feature encourages users to collect the items of interest. The invention also includes methods of using the device for storing items of interest in a secured manner.




Additional objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention without undue experimentation. The objects and advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instruments and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.











BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS




The above and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from a consideration of the subsequent detailed description presented in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:





FIG. 1

is a perspective view of a first embodiment of an in-wall coin bank, shown installed in a building wall, made in accordance with the principles of the present invention.





FIG. 1A

is a perspective view of the embodiment also shown in

FIG. 1

, with the detachable face of the embodiment removed.





FIG. 2

is a side view of the in-wall coin bank of FIG.


1


.




FIG.


3


and

FIG. 3A

are a front view and a side view of a detachable front with a transparent panel, which is a feature of the embodiment shown in

FIGS. 1 and 1A

;





FIG. 4

is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention, shown installed in a building wall.





FIG. 4A

is a perspective view of the embodiment also shown in

FIG. 4

, with the detachable face of the embodiment removed.





FIG. 5

is a schematic of a circuit useful for practicing one embodiment of the present invention;





FIG. 6

is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the present invention, which features a transparent face; and





FIG. 7

is a schematic, alternative embodiment of the in-wall coin bank, with a mechanical pivot arm.











DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION




For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles in accordance with the invention, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended. Any alterations and further modifications of the inventive features illustrated herein, and any additional applications of the principles of the invention as illustrated herein, which would normally occur to one skilled in the relevant art and having possession of this disclosure, are to be considered within the scope of the invention claimed.




Applicant's invention is a unique device and method for the secured storage of items of interest, such as coins. The present invention combines the ability to securely store items of interest with an entertainment, or amusement, feature resulting in a product preferable for household use. Installing the device in a wall of a home or building reduces the displacement of space. The entertainment feature allows the device to remain in open view, or even be displayed. This design includes the key components of a security box and in addition a novelty face that features an evoking means for evoking a response of amusement or entertainment from the user.




Referring to

FIGS. 1 and 1A

, there is shown a perspective view of a secured storage device in accordance with the present invention. It will be appreciated that many other embodiments are possible that are also in accordance with the present invention. The secured storage device with entertainment features, features a storage receptacle generally represented at


10


, preferably installed in a building wall


12


. The wall


12


may be a wall in a house or other building.




The storage receptacle


10


, shown in

FIGS. 1 and 1A

, has two key components: a secure storage container


14


, and a detachable face


16


. The face


16


is designed to include a means for evoking a response of entertainment or amusement from the user and may be replaced with other interchangeable faces. Several possible embodiments of the face are later discussed, but the face features a means for receiving an item of interest, represented in this embodiment as coin slot


17


. In the embodiment of

FIGS. 1 and 1A

, the face


16


is constructed so as to be detachable from the secure storage container


14


, and any means suitable for releasably attaching the face


16


to the secure storage container


14


may be used. It will be appreciated that embodiments wherein the face is nondetachable are also within the scope of the present invention. The secure storage container


14


, is constructed to releasably receive the items of interest, such that means are provided for receiving the items, and means are provided for selectively preventing the removal of the items.




In the embodiment shown in

FIGS. 1 and 1A

, the means for receiving the items is a coin entrance, represented at


24


, and the means for selectively preventing removal of items is the drawer


20


, which has a locking mechanism, not explicitly shown, but represented by the keyhole,


22


. Any means suitable for locking the secure storage container


14


may be used. When a user places an item of interest, in this case a coin, into coin slot


17


, a means to evoke a response of entertainment, or amusement, is activated, and the coin then moves through the face


16


into the secure storage container


14


through coin entrance


24


. In

FIG. 1

, the coin would fall under force of gravity into contact with bumper posts


46


, eventually falling from face entrance


23


through internal coin entrance


24


. When the user wants to retrieve the items, drawer


20


is unlocked and extended, allowing the items to be removed.




As shown in

FIG. 1A

, when the face


16


is removed, the front surface, represented at


18


, of the secure storage container


14


subsurface is exposed. This front surface


18


may be constructed so that it is substantially one color. This color may be made to be substantially the same color as wall


12


,such that the removal of the face


16


is less noticeable, increasing the security of the storage.





FIG. 2

shows a side view of the embodiment of

FIGS. 1 and 1A

. As

FIG. 2

illustrates, the secured storage device with entertainment features


10


is securely installed in wall


12


. The installation in

FIG. 2

has been accomplished by fastening the secure storage container


14


to the framing of wall


12


, secure storage container


14


is attached between stud


30


and an adjacent stud. Attachment may be done with any suitable means.




Reference will now be made to

FIG. 3

, which illustrates the detachable front face


16


of the embodiment of FIG.


1


. As shown in

FIG. 3

, the front face


16


is detachable, allowing for alternative faces to be installed on the secure storage container


14


. This allows a user to change the means for evoking a response of amusement of entertainment. Front face


16


features a means for receiving the item of interest, in the embodiment shown in

FIG. 3

this is accomplished by a coin slot


17


. Coin slot


17


allows a user to insert a coin along the most of the width of the face. Alternative embodiments of a means for receiving an item of interest include a coin slot which is moveable, a means for receiving printed currency and any other means known to those skilled in the art. When the user inserts a item, in this case a coin, into coin slot


17


, it enters the space between the front panel, represented at


42


, and the rear panel, represented at


44


, in the embodiment shown in

FIG. 3

, front panel


42


is transparent, allowing the movement of the coin to be observed by the user.




The coin then falls by gravity down through the space between the front panel


42


and the rear panel


44


. As it falls the coin encounters bumper posts


46


. Bumper posts


46


force the item to move laterally to continue to fall, the movement of the coin as it falls serving as the means to evoke a response of amusement from the user. After moving past the posts


46


, the item eventually falls into the coin receiver, represented at


48


, and the item is funneled by the coin receiver


48


into the coin entrance


24


, being received into the secure storage container


14


.




It will be appreciated that other structures are capable of performing the function of evoking a response of amusement or entertainment. Alternative examples include bumper posts with differing shapes, bumpers, ramps or other structures which the coin interacts with while passing through the front face, as well as any other suitable structures known to those skilled in the art. Bumper posts or other structures may be arranged to cause entertaining movement of the coin, or other item deposited. Such arrangements include patterns, vertical alignment of bumper posts, bumper posts disposed in rows where every other row of bumper posts is vertically aligned.




It will be further appreciated that the means for evoking a response of entertainment, or amusement, need not be accomplished by the use of gravity and fixed structures. Mechanical parts, such as throwing arms


80


(

FIG. 7

) and trapping fixtures among others known to those skilled in the art, which interact with the coin, or are activated by the insertion of the item, are included within the scope of the present invention. For example, the throwing arm


80


may pivot and include a pivotable cup


82


. Any suitable movement piece or structure may be used.




In addition to the coin receiver


48


of

FIG. 3

, alternative structures which are capable of performing the same function may be used for releasably receiving the item into the secure storage container


14


. An example of such an alternative structure is a coin receiver with multiple entry points for coins disposed throughout the space between the front panel


42


and back panel


44


, which would be in lieu of the coin receiver


48


of

FIG. 3. A

point value can be assigned to each entry point, allowing for the deposit of coins to serve as a game. It will be appreciated that any structure known to those skilled in the art which will serve to collect and move the coins or other items into the secure storage container


14


will suffice and is included within the scope of the present invention.




The means for evoking a response of entertainment or amusement need not directly interact with the coin, or other item deposited. The deposit may instead trigger movement of movable mechanical parts viewable through the transparent panel. The means may also simply be an image disposed behind the transparent panel on a distinctive background panel, such as a picturesque scene, a depiction from a popular movie, a depiction of a popular animated character, or a multicolored panel.




The present invention also includes a method of using a device in the manner of, or similar to, the embodiments shown in FIG.


1


and FIG.


3


. This method requires the construction of a secure storage receptacle with a frontal face, the frontal face having at least one transparent panel which allows the inner workings of the receptacle to be visible, the receptacle being installed in a wall, and the placing of items of interest into the receptacle, then observing the working of the inner receptacle workings which occur in response to the placement of the items.




An embodiment of this method is possible utilizing the device embodied in

FIGS. 1 through 3

. The secure storage receptacle


10


, is constructed in a building wall


12


, and it includes a front face


16


with at least one transparent front panel


42


. When a user deposits a coin into the coin slot


17


, the coin moves through the inner workings of the receptacle front face, and enters the secure storage container


14


, through the coin receiver


48


and coin entrance


24


. The coin is then releasably secured in the secured storage container


14


of

FIGS. 1 through 3

, from which the user can selectively remove it by means of a key or other suitable unlocking device. The present invention also includes a method of using the device for storage in this fashion, and of revealing the inner workings of the secured storage receptacle, by selecting a secured storage receptacle for in-wall installation rather than constructing one.




Reference will next be made to

FIGS. 4 and 4A

, which depict a perspective view of a second embodiment of a device in accordance with the present invention. This second embodiment of a storage receptacle


27


features a detachable front face


16


on which electronic means for evoking a response of entertainment, or amusement, generally represented at


61


, are disposed. It will be appreciated that alternative embodiments of a secured storage device which feature electronic means for evoking a response of entertainment, or amusement, viewable on the front face of the device are included in the present invention. The device is preferably installed in a wall but may instead be freestanding, and may include a detachable or a nondetachable front face, or other arrangements which are readily known or ascertainable to those skilled in the art.




In the embodiment shown in

FIG. 4 and 4A

, the user inserts an item of interest, preferably a coin, into coin slot


17


. This action then activates an amusement evoking electronic means


61


disposed on the front face


16


. This may occur by the activating of a microswitch in response to coin movement, or through the closing of a circuit by the coin as a conductor, or by any other suitable means known to those skilled in the art. The coin enters a secure storage container


14


, through coin entrance


24


(shown in FIG.


4


A). The electronic amusement evoking means may be audible, it may be visible, it may require or allow interaction from the user in the form of a game, or it may be a combination of some or all of the foregoing. Structures representative of such types of responses are shown in

FIGS. 4 and 4A

, in the form of a screen, represented at


60


, which is contained in the face


16


, and may be an LCD, LED, active matrix flat monitor, or any other type of display known in the art, suitable for use; the buttons, represented at


62


, which allow for user interaction with the electronic evoking means


61


, or alternative user input structures may be used; a window represented at


64


, and an associated display


68


which may be a display permanently mounted in the secure storage container


14


, that is viewable through window


64


of the face


16


(the display


68


may be an LCD or LED device, or any other suitable display device known to those skilled in the art); a speaker, represented at


70


, and a speaker vent, represented at


72


, which allows the speaker


70


to be permanently mounted in the secure storage container


14


and emit sounds audible to the user through the speaker vent


72


. A controller


65


, and power supply


66


, for the electronic evoking means are preferably a permanent part of the secure storage container


14


, and preferably communicate with the detachable face


16


through suitable electronic contacts as known to those of ordinary skill in the art.




The container


14


is preferably permanently secured within wall


12


, and includes the power supply elements and controller feature necessary to support the electronic workings of several interchangeable faces


16


. A dead space


25


is useable to store any necessary circuitry, power supply


66


, and the like.




The evoking means


61


for evoking a response of entertainment, or amusement from the user may be electronic as in the embodiment represented in

FIG. 4

, or it may instead constitute suitable mechanical movement. Alternatively, amusement may arise from the movement of the item of interest, as in the embodiment represented in

FIG. 3

, or it may be a combination of some or all of the foregoing, or it may be any other evoking means known or readily ascertainable to those skilled in the art. The presence of evoking means


61


encourages the user to save the items of interest. When the device


27


is installed in a wall, a user, such as a child, will be encouraged to save coins in the device and may other wise be entertained by the evoking means


61


.




The present invention further includes a method of constructing, or selecting, a secure storage receptacle with a frontal face and a secured security means. The method includes the step of installing the secure storage receptacle in a building wall. The user then places an item of interest into the secure storage receptacle, and observes the electronic feedback, in response to the item of interest being releasably secured.




One such preferred method comprises the steps of:




(a) constructing a storage receptacle having a frontal face and further including security means for selectively preventing removal of contents of said receptacle;




(b) incorporating at least one transparent panel into a frontal face of the storage receptacle, in a position and arrangement such that inner workings of said storage receptacle are revealed by said transparent panel to an observer;




(c) recessing the storage receptacle within a wall of a building; and




(d) placing one or more items of interest into the storage receptacle and observing inner workings of said receptacle that are caused in response to the placement of said one or more items of interest into said receptacle.




A further preferred method includes the steps of:




(a) constructing a storage receptacle having a frontal face and further including security means for selectively preventing removal of contents of said receptacle;




(b) incorporating electronic feedback means into a frontal face of the storage receptacle for providing electronically produced feedback to a user;




(c) recessing the storage receptacle within a wall of a building; and




(d) placing one or more items of interest into the storage receptacle and interacting with electronically produced feedback that is caused in response to the placement of said one or more items of interest into said receptacle.




One embodiment of these methods is possible using the embodiment of a device shown in

FIGS. 4 and 4A

. The storage receptacle


27


, is constructed and installed in building wall


12


. A user places an item of interest (preferably a coin) into coin slot


17


, this action activates electronic feedback, which is observed by the user. The feedback may be audible through speaker


70


, visual through display


68


or screen


60


, or a combination of audible and visual, it may also allow or require additional user input. The coin (not shown) enters the secured storage container


14


through coin entrance


24


. It will be appreciated that other embodiments of this method are possible and may use any suitable alternate structures known to those skilled in the art.




In

FIG. 5

is shown a schematic block diagram of control circuitry which may be used to operate the in-wall coin bank shown in

FIGS. 4 and 4A

. The components represented in

FIG. 5

are readily understandable to those of skill in the art of conventional circuitry control operations. The power source mentioned above is illustrated as block


66


. The power source


66


and input switching


51


are operatively connected to the controller


65


, which is operatively connected to speaker


58


, to removable front display


56


, and to permanent display


54


, as suggested above. Speaker


58


corresponds to speaker


70


of

FIG. 4A

, removable front display


56


corresponds to screen


60


of FIG.


4


and permanent display


54


corresponds to display


70


of FIG.


4


A. Input switching block


51


may correspond to any input device, either a deposit initiated input or an input from a component such as button


62


.




The block layout design of

FIG. 5

illustrates the conventional nature of the hardware necessary to render the in-wall coin bank of

FIGS. 4 and 4A

operative. Those having ordinary skill in the art can program the controller


65


in various conventional ways to create an output through the speaker and displays that evoke a response of entertainment or amusement, upon the input of a coin, or even spontaneously without coin input. An example is the input of a coin being counted by the controller, which audibly or visually provides the value of the coin, or the total value of the deposit, or the total value of coins in stored in the bank


27


. An alternative example is the use of the button inputs


62


to allow a user to play an electronic game. The operation sequence of the components illustrated in

FIG. 5

necessary to achieve the performance characteristics described herein is readily ascertainable by those of ordinary skill without undue experimentation.




Another embodiment of a device in accordance with the present invention is shown in FIG.


6


. As represented in

FIG. 6

, this embodiment features a front face


16


which is transparent and also serves as the front surface of the secure storage container


14


. The securing is done by any suitable locking mechanism, indicated here by the keyhole


22


. In the

FIG. 6

embodiment, the evoking of a response of entertainment, or amusement, is accomplished by the display of the items of interest within the secure storage container


14


. For the embodiment shown in

FIG. 6

, the preferred items are coins, which are received into the secure storage container


14


through coin slot


17


. The coins fill the secure storage container


14


and are visible through the transparent face


16


. The displayed pile of coins may serve to encourage saving and otherwise evoke a response of amusement from the user, similar to the common practice of saving coins in a large bottle.




It will be appreciated that the embodiments discussed above demonstrate that present invention fulfills the objects of providing a means for securely storing items of interest; that is suitable for household use; includes an entertainment feature, which may allow the items of interest to be viewed while securely stored; and does not use a substantial amount of household storage space. It will be further appreciated that the entertainment feature encourages user's to save items of interest with the means of the present invention.




It is to be understood that the above-described arrangements are only illustrative of the application of the principles of the present invention. Numerous modifications and alternative arrangements may be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims are intended to cover such modifications and arrangements. Thus, while the present invention has been shown in the drawings and fully described above with particularity and detail in connection with what is presently deemed to be the most practical and preferred embodiment(s) of the invention, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that numerous modifications, including, but not limited to, variations in size, materials, shape, form, function and manner of operation, assembly and use may be made without departing from the principles and concepts set forth herein.



Claims
  • 1. A coin bank for protecting and safekeeping coins, said coin bank comprising:a slot for receiving said coins therethrough; a container for releasably receiving the coins thereinto, said container including a coin entrance leading to said container, and security means for selectively preventing removal of said coins from said container; a plurality of bumper posts positioned between said slot and said container, said plurality of bumper posts defining a plurality of travel paths for said coins; a frontal face, said frontal face including a transparent panel for allowing movement of said coins to be observed by a user as the coins move along said travel paths; electronic means for producing an observable output, wherein the electronic means further comprises an audible output means for producing an audible sound responsive to coin movement when at least one coin travels along one of the travel paths defined by the bumper posts, for evoking a response of entertainment, or amusement from the user; wherein the plurality of bumper posts extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to said frontal face; wherein the plurality of bumper posts are disposed in horizontal rows, wherein the bumper posts in said horizontal rows align vertically with bumper posts in every other row, and wherein the bumper posts in said horizontal rows are displaced from vertical alignment with bumper posts in adjacent horizontal rows; wherein said transparent panel is planar and configured to extend parallel to a wall of a building; wherein said coin bank further comprises a background panel arranged in a parallel orientation with respect to said transparent panel; wherein said plurality of bumper posts reside between said transparent panel and said background panel such that said bumper posts extend from said background panel to said front panel to thereby reside sandwiched between said background panel and said front panel and wherein said bumper posts thereby extend in a perpendicular orientation with respect to said background panel and said front panel; wherein the transparent panel, background panel, and bumper posts collectively comprise a means for causing a visible, manipulative movement of coins having diverted lateral coin movement combined with downward vertical coin movement such that when said coins are inserted into said slot, said coins fall into contact with at least some of said bumper posts causing the coins to visibly move both downwardly and laterally toward said container in a manner configured to evoke a reaction of interest or amusement; wherein said coin bank further comprises a distinctive image disposed on the frontal face; wherein the distinctive image is selected from the group consisting of: a picturesque scene; a depiction from a popular movie; a depiction of a popular animated character; and a multicolored panel; wherein said coin bank further comprises calculating means for calculating the value of the coins received into the container; wherein the calculating means further comprises means for calculating the total value of the coins deposited; wherein said coin bank further comprises display means for displaying an amount calculated; wherein said plurality of bumper posts each comprise a cylindrical configuration, and wherein said plurality of bumper posts are exposed to be contacted by said coins around an entire circumference of said bumper posts; and wherein said slot extends along a majority width of said coin bank such that said coins can be deposited at various locations along the width of said coin bank.
  • 2. The coin bank of claim 1, wherein the calculating means further comprises means for calculating the value of a coin deposited.
  • 3. The coin bank of claim 1, wherein said coin bank further comprises means for audibly outputting an amount calculated.
US Referenced Citations (75)
Number Name Date Kind
503942 Buchanan Aug 1893 A
508019 Hunter Nov 1893 A
508922 Davis Nov 1893 A
641861 Huestis Jan 1900 A
1805759 Chamberlain May 1931 A
1869302 Brosnan Jul 1932 A
2010877 Morell Aug 1935 A
2410475 Anderson Nov 1946 A
2427763 Carper Sep 1947 A
2508146 D'Elia May 1950 A
2771707 Ginsberg Nov 1956 A
3375912 Weitzman Apr 1968 A
3783986 Bolen Jan 1974 A
3825265 Pitkanen et al. Jul 1974 A
4186977 Gilvoich et al. Feb 1980 A
4278033 Sobel Jul 1981 A
4324059 Baum Apr 1982 A
4454670 Bachmann et al. Jun 1984 A
4502584 Lambiris Mar 1985 A
4510381 Fukatsu Apr 1985 A
4579213 Rhine et al. Apr 1986 A
4655145 Naylor Apr 1987 A
4679684 Glaser Jul 1987 A
4762512 Divnick Aug 1988 A
4800823 Hyatt Jan 1989 A
4871055 Poythress et al. Oct 1989 A
4919250 Olson et al. Apr 1990 A
4966304 Kelly Oct 1990 A
4973109 Diedrich Nov 1990 A
4976376 Williams Dec 1990 A
4998612 Halsey et al. Mar 1991 A
5029863 Krawczyk et al. Jul 1991 A
5056342 Prinz Oct 1991 A
5090589 Brandes et al. Feb 1992 A
5090699 Friedman Feb 1992 A
5114772 Vives et al. May 1992 A
5133441 Brown Jul 1992 A
5176238 Deglau Jan 1993 A
5204658 Beauquey Apr 1993 A
5220631 Grippin Jun 1993 A
5282765 Suzuki Feb 1994 A
5288233 Green Feb 1994 A
5301942 Lacrosse Apr 1994 A
5358248 Jankosky Oct 1994 A
5360134 Falk et al. Nov 1994 A
5363984 Laird, III Nov 1994 A
5383297 Summerville et al. Jan 1995 A
5385225 Chen et al. Jan 1995 A
5472074 Milcetic Dec 1995 A
5513853 Crompton et al. May 1996 A
5607102 Walsh et al. Mar 1997 A
5615123 Davidson et al. Mar 1997 A
5732852 Baker et al. Mar 1998 A
5732878 Schroder et al. Mar 1998 A
5782378 Hart et al. Jul 1998 A
5877969 Gerber Mar 1999 A
5887696 Goetz Mar 1999 A
5888115 Shoemaker et al. Mar 1999 A
5890439 McGunn Apr 1999 A
5901589 Cordero May 1999 A
5905246 Fajkowski May 1999 A
5911299 Aspnes et al. Jun 1999 A
5975275 Keith et al. Nov 1999 A
6056620 Tobin May 2000 A
6116977 Tanny et al. Sep 2000 A
6135261 Noell, Jr. et al. Oct 2000 A
6138814 Miller et al. Oct 2000 A
6155453 Coleman et al. Dec 2000 A
6196371 Martin et al. Mar 2001 B1
6227970 Shimizu et al. May 2001 B1
6267663 Nottingham et al. Jul 2001 B1
6283268 Fletcher et al. Sep 2001 B1
6298973 Meade et al. Oct 2001 B1
6386538 Mejia May 2002 B1
6505774 Fulcher et al. Jan 2003 B1