Patent Application
20230150208
Induction cooking is a form of cooking that utilizes an electromagnetic radiation source, as opposed to thermal conduction from an open flame or electrical heating element, to heat a ferrous metal. Specifically, traditional induction cooking involves using a ferrous cooking vessel (e.g., a cooking vessel made up of a metal or alloy having iron therein) in conjunction with an electromagnetic radiation source. Upon activation, the electromagnetic radiation source emits electromagnetic waves or radiation that cause the ferrous cooking vessel to heat up, thereby heating the contents of the ferrous cooking vessel. As discussed throughout, the embodiments described herein represent a departure from traditional induction cooking and traditional uses of induction technology.
A cooking apparatus includes a non-ferrous cooking vessel configured to receive food. The cooking apparatus also includes a ferrous cooking vessel cover that is configured for placement over a top of the non-ferrous cooking vessel. The cooking apparatus also includes one or more induction heating elements suspended from the ferrous cooking vessel cover, and a radiation source. The radiation source is configured to deliver electromagnetic radiation to the ferrous cooking vessel cover and the one or more induction heating elements such that the ferrous cooking vessel cover and the one or more induction heating elements are heated.
In some embodiments, the one or more induction heating elements are suspended from the ferrous cooking vessel cover into the food within the non-ferrous cooking vessel. In at least one embodiment, the one or more induction heating elements are extendable and retractable such that a position of the one or more induction heating elements relative to the food is adjustable. In other embodiments, the cooking apparatus includes one or more side induction heating elements that extend inward from a sidewall of the non-ferrous cooking vessel.
In some embodiments, the cooking apparatus includes a handle for the ferrous cooking vessel cover, where the handle is non-ferrous. In some embodiments, the cooking apparatus includes a hinge configured to connect the ferrous cooking vessel cover to the non-ferrous cooking vessel. The hinge allows the ferrous cooking vessel cover to be positioned in a plurality of orientations relative to the non-ferrous cooking vessel. In one embodiment, the plurality of orientations include a fully open position, a fully closed position, and at least one intermediate position between the fully open position and the fully closed position.
In some embodiments, the ferrous cooking vessel cover comprises a multi-piece ferrous cooking vessel cover, where each piece of the multi-piece ferrous cooking vessel cover is attached to the non-ferrous cooking vessel by a hinge. In other embodiments, the ferrous cooking vessel cover comprises a multi-piece ferrous cooking vessel cover, where pieces of the multi-piece ferrous cooking vessel cover are connected to form an accordion style cover. In yet other embodiments, the ferrous cooking vessel cover comprises a multi-piece ferrous cooking vessel cover, where each piece of the multi-piece ferrous cooking vessel cover includes a handle that allows manipulation of the respective piece. In some embodiments, the cooking apparatus includes a frame at a top of the non-ferrous cooking vessel, where the frame is configured to receive the ferrous cooking vessel cover.
In some embodiments, the ferrous cooking vessel cover is transformable such that a size of the ferrous cooking vessel cover is adjustable. In such an embodiment, the ferrous cooking vessel cover can include a plurality of pieces, where each of the plurality of pieces includes a hinged extension that allows each of the plurality of pieces to transform in size. Alternatively, the ferrous cooking vessel cover can include a plurality of pieces, where each of the plurality of pieces includes a slidable extension that allows each of the plurality of pieces to transform in size.
In some embodiments, the ferrous cooking vessel cover is transformable such that a shape of the ferrous cooking vessel cover is adjustable. In such an embodiment, the ferrous cooking vessel cover can include a plurality of pieces, where each of the plurality of pieces includes a hinged portion that allows each of the plurality of pieces to transform in shape. Alternatively, the ferrous cooking vessel cover may include a plurality of pieces, where each of the plurality of pieces includes a slidable extension that allows each of the plurality of pieces to transform in shape.
In some embodiments, the cooking apparatus includes one or more openings in a sidewall of the non-ferrous cooking vessel, where each of the one or more openings is configured to receive an induction heating element. In some embodiments, the induction heating element in each of the one or more openings is extendable and retractable such that an amount of the induction heating element within the non-ferrous cooking vessel is adjustable.
An illustrative induction cooking system includes a non-ferrous first container that receives first contents and a second container sized to fit within the first container. The second container is composed of a ferromagnetic material such that the second container is heated in response to received electromagnetic radiation. An exterior surface of the second container is in contact with the first contents of the first container, and an interior surface of the second container is in contact with second contents placed within the second container.
In one embodiment, a volume of the first container is at least two times a volume of the second container. In another embodiment, a bottom of the first container includes a groove and a bottom of the second container includes a tongue that mates with the groove such that the second container is secured to the first bottom of the first container. In one embodiment, a bottom of the first container includes a receptacle configured to receive the second container. In such an embodiment, the receptacle can be the same shape as an exterior surface of the second container. Alternatively, the receptacle can be a different shape than the exterior surface of the second container.
In another embodiment, the second container includes a handle made from a non-ferromagnetic material. In one embodiment, the second container includes a lid, and the lid is composed of a non-ferromagnetic material. The system can also include a utensil mounted to the lid such that the utensil is in contact with the second contents of the second container. In one embodiment, the utensil is composed of the ferromagnetic material. In another embodiment, the utensil comprises a spoon. In one embodiment, the lid includes a threaded receptacle and the utensil includes a threaded end that mates with the threaded receptacle such that the utensil is removable. In another embodiment, the utensil has a first portion made from a non-ferromagnetic material and a second portion made from the ferromagnetic material, where the first portion is a handle of the utensil.
In one embodiment, the first container is composed of a non-ferromagnetic material. In another embodiment, the first container includes a first portion that is composed of a non-ferromagnetic material and a second portion that is composed of the ferromagnetic material. In such an embodiment, the second portion of the first container can be a band of the ferromagnetic material. In another embodiment, the band is embedded in the non-ferromagnetic material that forms the first portion such that a first side of the band is in contact with the non-ferromagnetic material and a second side of the band forms a portion of an interior surface of the first container. In an alternative embodiment, the band is surrounded by the non-ferromagnetic material that forms the first portion such that a first side of the band forms a portion of an exterior surface of the first container and a second side of the band forms a portion of an interior surface of the first container.
In another alternative embodiment, the second portion of the first container comprises a patch of the ferromagnetic material. In one implementation, the patch is embedded in the non-ferromagnetic material that forms the first portion such that a first side of the patch is in contact with the non-ferromagnetic material and a second side of the patch forms a portion of an interior surface of the first container. In another implementation, the patch is surrounded by the non-ferromagnetic material that forms the first portion such that a first side of the patch forms a portion of an exterior surface of the first container and a second side of the patch forms a portion of an interior surface of the first container.
The foregoing is a summary of the disclosure and thus by necessity contains simplifications, generalizations, and omissions of detail. Consequently, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be in any way limiting. Other aspects, features, and advantages of the devices and/or processes described herein, as defined by the claims, will become apparent in the detailed description set forth herein and taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It is noted that the above-referenced figures are representational, and that they are not intended to be limiting with respect to the form and/or shape of the various embodiments.
The present disclosure relates to applications of induction heating. For example, the present disclosure relates to induction cooking. Conventional induction cooking involves use of a cooking vessel made of a ferrous or similar material, where the cooking vessel receives electromagnetic energy from an electromagnetic radiation source. The electromagnetic energy from the electromagnetic radiation source heats the ferrous cooking vessel, which in turn causes the contents of the cooking vessel to cook. The present disclosure allows for induction cooking to take place in a cooking vessel that is made of a non-ferrous material. Specifically, to facilitate induction cooking using a non-ferrous cooking vessel, ferrous elements may be positioned on, around, or under the non-ferrous cooking vessel, incorporated into walls of the non-ferrous cooking vessel, form the lid/cover of the non-ferrous cooking vessel, used in conjunction with the non-ferrous cooking vessel etc. to facilitate the induction heating of the contents of the non-ferrous cooking vessel. In such implementations, the electromagnetic radiation from the electromagnetic radiation source travels to the ferrous elements of the non-ferrous cooking vessel to heat food in a strategic and targeted manner, as described in greater detail below.
Referring now to
Contents within the cooking vessel 110 are heated using a radiation source 130. In an illustrative embodiment, the radiation source 130 is a source of electromagnetic radiation. Furthermore, the distance between the radiation source 130 and the ferrous materials (e.g., the cooking cover 120) may be varied but kept within a commonly known range to effectively facilitate heating of the ferrous materials. Likewise, the positioning (e.g., orientation and angle) of the radiation source 130 relative to the ferrous materials (e.g., the cooking cover 120) may be varied to achieve a desired heating profile. As used herein, “heating profile” means the direction, angle, and intensity of heat that is desired to effectively and appropriately heat the contents of the cooking vessel 110.
Thus, electromagnetic radiation from the radiation source 130 is used to heat the ferrous portions of the induction cooking system 100, such as the cooking cover 120. The cooking cover 120 then transfers the heat to the contents of the cooking vessel 110 to heat the contents therein. Since the cooking vessel 110 is made of a non-ferrous material, the radiation source 130 does not heat the cooking vessel 110. The radiation source 130 only heats the cooking cover 120, which is ferrous in nature. By virtue of heating the contents of the cooking vessel 110 using the cooking cover 120, the contents (e.g., food) of the cooking vessel are strategically heated from the top, as opposed to the bottom.
Furthermore, in at least some embodiments and, as shown in
Additionally, for a given one of the cooking cover 120, the shape, size, and configuration of each of the induction heating elements 140 may vary from another one of the induction heating element. Likewise, the placement of each of the induction heating elements 140 may vary on the cooking cover 120. For example, in at least some embodiments, each of the induction heating elements 140 may be positioned equidistant from one another—whether closer to the center of the cooking cover 120 or closer to the periphery of the cooking cover. In other embodiments, the induction heating elements 140 need not be positioned equidistant from one another. Rather, the positioning of the induction heating elements 140 may vary depending upon the heating profile of the contents within the cooking vessel 110 that is desired.
Furthermore, in some embodiments and as shown, the induction heating elements 140 may be hung from the bottom of the cooking cover 120. Each of the induction heating elements 140 may be hung using a hook/loop attachment, magnetic attachment, other attachment mechanism, or integrally formed as a unitary piece of the cooking cover 120. By virtue of extending downwardly from the bottom of the cooking cover 120, the induction heating elements 140 extend into the cooking vessel 110 and, thus, may be positioned relative to the food/contents of the cooking vessel to strategically heat the contents of the cooking vessel. Additionally, in some embodiments, the induction heating elements 140 may be extendable/retractable such that they may be lowered into or raised above the contents of the cooking vessel 110, as desired. Such an extendable/retractable feature may be implemented using a telescoping induction heating element, by a segmented induction heating element in which portions can be added and removed, and/or by a hinged induction heating element in which hinged portions of the induction heating element can be raised or lowered.
While the induction heating elements 140 have been shown and described as extending downwardly from the cooking cover 120, in other embodiments, the induction heating elements may be provided to extend into the cooking vessel 110 from the sides of the cooking vessel or from the bottom of the cooking vessel. These additional ones of the induction heating elements 140 (e.g., the induction heating elements extending from the sides or bottom of the cooking vessel) may be provided in addition to or instead of the induction heating elements extending downwardly from the cooking cover 120.
In at least some embodiments, the cooking cover 120 also includes a handle 150. In at least some embodiments, the handle 150 is made from a heat resistant, non-ferrous material (e.g., wood, glass, ceramic, etc.) such that it is not directly heated as a result of the electromagnetic radiation that heats the rest of the cooking cover 120. The size, shape, configuration, placement, etc. of the handle 150 may vary in different embodiments, and is not limited to the example configuration illustrated in
While the induction cooking system 100 described above has been described as having the cooking vessel 110 that is made of a non-ferrous material and the cooking cover 120 that is made of a ferrous material, it is to be understood that in at least some embodiments, variations are contemplated. For example, in some embodiments, only portions of the cooking vessel 110 may be made of a non-ferrous material such that the cooking vessel 110 may be partly made of a ferrous material. Likewise, in some embodiments, only portions of the cooking cover 120 may be made of a ferrous material with the remaining portions of the cooking cover made of a non-ferrous material.
In general, the portions of the cooking vessel 110 and the cooking cover 120 that are ferrous and non-ferrous depend upon the heating profile of the contents of the vessel that is desired. Additionally, while the induction cooking system 100 has been described from the perspective of cooking food, it is to be understood that the present disclosure (including the embodiments described below) may be used in applications other than cooking. For example, the induction cooking system 100 may be used in any application that requires heating of any contents (food or non-food) within the cooking vessel 110 by using induction heat.
Turning now to
In at least some embodiments, the cooking cover 210 is made of a ferrous material and the cooking vessel 220 is made from a non-ferrous material. Thus, the cooking cover 220 generates heat upon receipt of electromagnetic energy from a radiation source 240. Similar to the radiation source 130, the radiation source 240 is a source capable of generating electromagnetic radiation for heating ferrous materials. Also similar to the radiation source 130, the positioning and orientation of the radiation source 240 may vary from one embodiment to another. Furthermore, as is known to those of skill in the art, the orientation of the ferrous material relative to the electromagnetic radiation affects the intensity of heat generated by the ferrous material (in this case the cooking cover 210). Thus, by virtue of varying the orientation of the cooking cover 210 relative to the radiation source 240, the heat generated by the cooking cover may be varied to vary the heat delivered to the contents of the cooking vessel 220.
Specifically, in
Furthermore, while not shown in
Referring specifically to
Furthermore, each piece of the cooking cover 310 may be individually manipulated to achieve various configurations and orientations relative to both the contents of the cooking vessel 320 and a radiation source 340. As discussed above, the angle of the ferrous material relative to the electromagnetic radiation from the radiation source 340 may be varied to vary the intensity of heat delivered to the cooking vessel 320. As such, a user may control the heat delivered to the contents of the cooking vessel 320 to a desired level by varying the angular positioning of one or both of the radiation source 340 and each piece of the cooking cover 310.
In at least some embodiments, each piece of the cooking cover 310 also includes a handle 350 that may be made of a non-ferrous material to facilitate opening and closing of the respective piece of the cooking cover. Each of the two pieces of the cooking cover 310 may also be detachable/removable from the cooking vessel 320 in some embodiments. Furthermore, the two pieces of the cooking cover 310 need not be of equal size. Rather, in some embodiments, one piece of the cooking cover 310 may be of a larger size than the other piece to further manipulate the heating profile. In another embodiment, the cooking cover 310 may include a plurality of handles for stylistic effect and/or for hanging the cooking cover 310. The handle(s) can be folded such that cooking vessels can be stacked upon one another with the cooking covers in place. The cooking cover may also be removable for storing, washing, and/or for use as a serving dish.
Also, in at least some embodiments, the cooking cover 310 and/or the cooking vessel 320 may have induction heating elements (e.g., similar to the induction heating elements 140 of
Turning now to
Furthermore, each of the two jointed portions 440 and 450 may be rolled/folded toward an outside edge 480 (see
While the accordion style cooking cover 410 has been described above as having the two jointed portions 440 and 450 and each of the jointed portions having a plurality of sections 420, other variations of the accordion style cooking cover are contemplated and considered within the scope of this present disclosure. For example, in an alternative embodiment, the accordion style cooking cover 410 may be a single hinged cover that gets rolled/folded towards a single edge/side of the cooking vessel 460. In other embodiments, the accordion style cooking cover 410 may be made of more than two of the jointed portions 440 and 450 and each of the jointed portions may include a plurality of sections (such as the plurality of sections 420) connected flexibly with respect to one another. Additionally, in some embodiments, the accordion style cooking cover 410 may not be attached to the cooking vessel 460 at all and may, rather, simply rest on top of the cooking vessel. Other variations/configurations of the accordion style cooking cover 410 are also envisioned, and the description is not intended to be limited by the specific configuration of
Furthermore, in at least some embodiments and as shown, each of the plurality of sections 420 of the accordion style cooking cover 410 are made of a ferrous material. In other embodiments, less than all of the plurality of sections 420 may be made of a ferrous material with the remaining ones of the plurality of sections being made of a non-ferrous material. Likewise, in at least some embodiments, at least a portion of the cooking vessel 460 may be made from a non-ferrous material. Again, the combination of the ferrous and non-ferrous material in the plurality of sections 420, as well as in the cooking vessel 460 depends upon the heating profile that is desired. By virtue of making at least some of the plurality of sections 420 of the accordion style cooking cover 410 of a ferrous material, the accordion style cooking cover may be heated by an electromagnetic radiation source 495, in a manner described above.
Moreover, while not shown, the induction cooking system 400 may be provided with one or more handles (e.g., similar to the handle 150 of
Turning now to
Furthermore, in at least some embodiments, the frame 520 may be designed to be detachable from the cooking vessel 510, or in some embodiments, the frame may be permanently mounted on the cooking vessel. Additionally, in at least some embodiments, the cooking vessel 510 may be made of a non-ferrous material, while in other embodiments, a portion of the cooking vessel may be made of a ferrous material. Again, the ferrous/non-ferrous material combination of the cooking vessel 510 and the frame 520 depends upon the heating profile that is desired. Furthermore, the size of the frame 520 may vary from one embodiment to another depending upon the size of the cover elements 540 that the frame may receive and support.
In at least some embodiments, the cover elements 540 may include a combination of ferrous elements 550 that are made of a ferrous material and non-ferrous elements 560 that are made of a non-ferrous material. In other embodiments, all of the cover elements 540 may be made of a ferrous material. Further, while
Furthermore, a user may arrange the ferrous elements 550, the non-ferrous elements 560, and the open spaces to achieve a desired heating profile. Also, the number of the cover elements 540, their shape, their placement/orientation are all variable subject to the desired cooking style and needs of the user. Moreover, in at least some embodiments, the cover elements 540 may be detachably connected in any of a variety of ways to the frame 520, while in other embodiments, the cover elements may be permanently attached or built-in to the frame. The cover elements 540 and particularly the ferrous elements 550 of the cover elements receive electromagnetic radiation from a radiation source 570. The radiation source 570 is similar to the radiation source 130, 240, 340, and 495.
Additionally, as discussed above, the induction cooking system 500 may include one of more handles and/or one or more induction heating elements, as described above in
Referring now to
The transformation of the cooking cover 600 from one configuration to another may be accomplished in a variety of ways. For example and in one embodiment, the cooking cover 600 includes a plurality of hinged portions (not shown) that allow the cooking cover to be configured into a plurality of distinct shapes by varying the shape and size of the hinged portions (e.g., by folding/unfolding the hinged portions similar to the accordion style cooking cover 410, discussed above). Thus, to transform the square cooking cover 610 into the circular cooking cover 620, a hinged corner portion of each of the corners of the square cooking cover may be folded inward onto/over a remainder of the cooking cover such that circular portions of the circular cooking cover 620 are obtained. The circular cooking cover 620 may be transformed back into the square cooking cover 610 by unfolding the previously folded hinged portions.
Another mechanism of transforming the cooking cover 600 from one configuration to another may include sliding cover sections (also not shown). In such embodiments, the cooking cover 600 includes a plurality of cover sections capable of sliding over or under neighboring cover sections. As such, the cover sections may be layered until the desired shape/configuration of the cooking cover 600 is attained. For example, to transform the square cooking cover 610 into the circular cooking cover 620, the corner sections of the square cooking cover 610 may be slid under or over neighboring cover sections until the cooking cover achieves a circular shape of the circular cooking cover 620.
In some embodiments, the cooking cover 600 itself may be made of a plurality of layered sections such that the square cooking cover 610 may be transformed into the circular cooking cover 620 by sliding cover sections in between an upper and a lower layer of the cooking cover to form the circular cooking cover. In yet other embodiments, the cooking cover 600 may include a frame (e.g., similar to the frame 520). The frame may be made out of various flexible frame portions that may be molded (e.g., by varying the frame portions relative to one another) into various shapes. The frame may be designed to receive various ferrous and non-ferrous cover elements (e.g., similar to the cover elements 540). The cover elements may themselves be made of flexible portions that may change shape to adapt to the shape of the frame or a variety of sizes of the cover elements may be provided to accommodate the various shapes that the frame may be molded into. Other such mechanisms of varying the shape of the cooking cover 600 are contemplated.
By virtue of using transformable cooking covers (e.g., the cooking cover 600), the present disclosure allows a user to convert existing non-ferrous cooking vessels of varying shapes into induction cooking systems at a minimal cost. In addition, by targeting electromagnetic radiation on top of the cooking vessel and cover, such transformable cooking covers can be used to convert an existing ferrous cooking vessel into an induction cooking system.
Again, it is to be understood that while the explanation above has been with respect to the square cooking cover 610 transforming into the circular cooking cover 620, in alternative embodiments, the cooking cover 600 may be configured from and into additional shapes, such as rectangular, triangular, hexagonal, etc.
Thus, the embodiments described herein allow significant flexibility to be achieved in the process of induction cooking. The cooking vessel may be non-ferrous and in any of a variety of shapes, including a cylinder, cube, parallelepiped, or other shape. By virtue of using the embodiments described herein, the cooking vessel does not need to be made from a special and expensive cooking metal. Additionally, a household (or commercial) kitchen may have a large number of cooking vessels that may be made of, for example, a heat resistant plastic. In one embodiment, these heat resistant plastic cooking vessels may be stackable and/or partially foldable. By virtue of using the embodiments described herein, foods cooked in such heat resistant plastic containers may be refrigerated or frozen in the same container in which the food is cooked (e.g., using the ferrous cooking covers described above). There is no need to transfer the food from a ferrous cooking pot to a different container, which is the norm in conventional cooking methods, thereby simplifying not only cooking, but also food storage, while reducing the numbers of dishes that need to be cleaned after cooking.
As discussed above, the cooking vessels described herein may be of various shapes and sizes, and may be formed of a heat resistant glass, plastic, or wood, for example. Other non-ferrous materials may also be used. In at least some embodiments, the cooking vessels may in fact include certain ferrous portions (e.g., incorporated within the cooking vessel during production). In other embodiments, existing non-ferrous cooking vessels may be transformed into induction heat suitable cooking vessels, as discussed below. The transformation of a cooking vessel unsuitable for induction cooking into a cooking vessel suitable for induction cooking may be achieved in a variety of ways. For example, in one embodiment, the cooking vessel may be configured to receive induction heating elements (e.g., ferrous pieces) at a plurality of different locations in and around the cooking vessel. In these cases, the walls of the cooking vessel may receive induction heating elements via hooks or other attachment mechanisms. The cooking vessel may also receive the induction heating elements through one or more openings and/or compartments in a wall of the cooking vessel.
Specifically referring now to
Notwithstanding the fact that the induction heating elements 710 have been shown in
In at least some embodiments, the cooking vessel 700 also includes slots 720 through which additional induction heating elements may be added to the cooking vessel to customize the heating profile of the cooking vessel.
In one embodiment, the slots 720 may be openings in a wall of the cooking vessel 700 into which induction heating elements may be placed into direct contact with the contents of the cooking vessel. The induction heating elements may be received within the openings of the slots 720 in any of a variety of ways that may be suitable. In some embodiments, the openings in the wall may include a door or other closable member to receive the induction heating elements. The slots 720 may, in some embodiments, also include notches in which the induction heating elements may be removably attached. In other embodiments, the slots 720 may be designed as compartments, which hold the induction heating elements. Doors may similarly be used to close the compartments such that the induction heating elements do not fall out if the cooking vessel 700 is moved. The induction heating elements may also be mounted via hooks or other attachment mechanisms in some embodiments. A combination of methods discussed above or other methods may be used to secure the induction heating elements. The embodiment of
As discussed above, “induction heating elements” pieces of metal subject to heating by induction, inserted or removed from a non-ferrous cooking vessel to enable heating to take place in a targeted and controlled manner. Specifically and as discussed in greater detail above, the “induction heating elements” may be composed of a material that may facilitate heating of the “induction heating elements” using an electromagnetic radiation source. Depending upon the application for which the “induction heating elements” are used, the “induction heating elements” may be designed to be suitable for that application. For example, if the “induction heating elements” are used for induction cooking, then the “induction heating elements” may be composed of a material or be positioned in a manner that is suitable for cooking and for being around food safely without poisoning the food.
Furthermore, in at least some embodiments, the same induction heating element(s) that are used to cook the food may be allowed to remain in the cooking vessel when the leftover food is refrigerated or frozen. When the food is to be reheated, the cooking vessel and induction heating element(s) may be simply placed on an induction stove (or other electromagnetic radiation source) for the radiation to heat the induction heating element(s), thereby reheating the food without the need to transfer the food from one container to another. The container in which the food is stored can be non-ferrous container such as coated cardboard. The user therefore does not have to utilize a cooking vessel that may be needed for other food preparation purposes in order to have this convenience.
Again and discussed above, the shape, size, and material of the cooking vessel 700 may vary from one embodiment to another. Additionally, the cooking vessel 700 need not always be a container type vessel. In at least some embodiments, the cooking vessel 700 may be a pan, bowl, or other type of non-ferrous vessel, or a tray as discussed in
Turning now to
Notwithstanding the fact that
Referring to
With respect to the induction heating element 910 in particular, it may be a mobile induction heating element capable of being positioned in a variety of positions. For example,
Additionally, in some embodiments, the induction heating element 910 is attached to the wall of the cooking vessel 900 via a hook and latch attachment (not shown) at an upper portion of the induction heating element that allows the induction heating element to rotate about a horizontal axis. As such, the induction heating element 910 is able to pivot from its position in
Furthermore, the orientation of the induction heating element 910 may be varied automatically by using a spring mechanism 930 attached to the induction heating element. The spring mechanism 930 includes a spring 940 attached to the induction heating element 910. In one embodiment, the spring mechanism 930 is configured to release the induction heating element 910 (e.g., to vary the orientation of the induction heating element) if a temperature in the cooking vessel 900 is, for example, less than a threshold temperature. The temperature in the cooking vessel 900 may be determined by a temperature sensor (not shown) in the cooking vessel, and the spring mechanism 930 may be automatically controlled by an actuator (also not shown) that is in communication with the temperature sensor. Upon receipt of a low temperature indication from the temperature sensor, the actuator may be configured to actuate the spring mechanism 930, which in turn may then move the induction heating element 910 from the orientation of
By virtue of adjusting the orientation of the induction heating element 910 with respect to the electromagnetic radiation source 920, the surface area of the induction heating element may be varied, thereby varying the heating intensity of the induction heating element. Specifically, the orientation of the induction heating element 910 relative to the electromagnetic radiation source 920 dictates the amount of heat generated by the induction heating element. For example, by orienting the induction heating element 910 into the position shown in
Notwithstanding the specific embodiment described above in
Thus, by enabling the induction heating element 910 to be moved into a variety of orientations relative to the electromagnetic radiation source 920, the embodiments of
Turning now to
Similar to the embodiments of
In other embodiments, other mechanisms of controlling the orientation of the induction heating element 1000 may be used. For example, in some embodiments, instead of using the screw 1040, control of the induction heating element 1000 may be effected through a bimetallic strip, through an electronic arm in communication with a temperature (or other) sensor, etc. Furthermore, a combination of the mechanisms described above may be used within a single embodiment of the cooking vessel 1020.
Referring now to
Additionally, the cooking bar 1120 may be stationary, or it may rotate, depending on the embodiment. In alternative embodiments, the cooking bar 1120 may be suspended in the cooking cage 1110 in a variety of ways, such as via hooks mounted to the cooking cage. Furthermore, in at least some embodiments, the walls of the cooking cage 1110 may be designed to expand and contract, either manually or electrically. In such embodiments, the walls of the cooking cage 1110 may be formed into an accordion shape that may be easily compressed to reduce the size of the cooking cage, or expanded to increase the size of the cooking cage. Alternatively, the cooking cage 1110 may have walls which slide horizontally into each other to further increase the flexibility of the cooking vessel 1100. With expandable or contractable configurations of the cooking cage 1110, the cooking bar 1120 may be configured to expand or contract as well. The cooking bar 1120 may be made to expand or contract in any of a variety of ways. For example, the cooking bar 1120 may be configured as portions of rods that slide within one another to vary the length thereof or the cooking bar may be made as an accordion structure itself, so it may be stretched or compressed as desired. Other mechanisms of varying the length of the cooking bar 1120 may be used in other embodiments.
Furthermore, in at least some embodiments, in addition to or instead of the cooking bar 1120, the food 1130 may be supported by a ferrous or non-ferrous food tray (not shown), depending on the amount of desired heat. Liquids may also be cooked in this way using the cooking cage 1110, and the cooking cage may be configured such that the liquid is heated from any desired direction. Foods and liquids may also be cooked together, and in some embodiments the food may be held in a non-ferrous container inside the cooking cage 1110 or in a heat resistant bag that may be flexible.
The cooking cage 1110 also includes upper ferrous strips 1140 secured or otherwise attached to an upper portion of the cooking cage. The upper ferrous strips 1140 are configured to generate heat and heat the food 1130 from the top. In addition to the upper ferrous strips 1140, in at least some embodiments, the cooking cage 1110 also includes lower ferrous strips 1150 that are secured or otherwise attached to a bottom portion of the cooking cage for generating heat to heat the food 1130 from the bottom. The upper ferrous strips 1140 and the lower ferrous strips 1150 generate heat by virtue of receiving electromagnetic radiation from an electromagnetic radiation source 1160. In addition, the upper and lower ferrous strips are not homologous (i.e., the top and bottom strips do not line up with one another exactly). If the top and bottom strips were lined up exactly on top of one another, the electromagnetic radiation would be absorbed by the lower strips and would not reach the upper strips.
Similar to the cooking bar 1120, the upper ferrous strips 1140 and the lower ferrous strips 1150 may assume various different configurations. For example, the shape, size, thickness, angle, and orientation of each of the upper ferrous strips 1140 and each of the lower ferrous strips 1150 may vary from one embodiment to another, depending particularly upon the heating profile that is desired. Additionally, while in the present embodiment only two of the upper ferrous strips 1140 and two of the lower ferrous strips 1150 have been shown, this is merely exemplary. In other embodiments, more or less than two ferrous strips may be used in both the upper ferrous strips 1140 and the lower ferrous strips 1150. Furthermore, in at least some embodiments, additional ferrous strips may be provided on the side walls of the cooking cage 1110. The walls of the cooking cage 1110 are non-ferrous in at least some embodiments. The walls of the cooking cage 1110 may also include slots, brackets, etc. to hold the additional ferrous strips such that the food 1130 may be heated from the side.
Additionally, extendable heating elements (e.g., such as those described in
In at least some embodiments, the cooking cage 1110 may be provided with cooking covers such as those described in
Furthermore, in at least some embodiments, the upper ferrous strips 1140 and the lower ferrous strips 1150 may be separated from one another by a non-ferrous material 1170. For example, in at least some embodiments in which the non-ferrous material 1170 is used, the non-ferrous material is placed between the upper ferrous strips 1140 such that the cooking cage 1110 has a solid top surface. Similarly, the non-ferrous material 1170 is placed between the lower ferrous strips 1150 such that the cooking cage 1110 has a solid bottom surface. In alternative embodiments, the top and/or bottom of the cooking cage 1110 may be at least partially open.
As discussed above, in embodiments in which a cage structure is used, the upper ferrous strips 1140 are offset (i.e., not directly on top of) relative to the lower ferrous strips 1150. By virtue of offsetting the upper ferrous strips 1140 from the lower ferrous strips 1150, electromagnetic radiation from the electromagnetic radiation source 1160 may pass in between the lower ferrous strips and make contact with the upper ferrous strips, thereby making the heating of the upper ferrous strips more effective.
Additionally, in one embodiment, the bottom of the cooking cage 1110 has a frame into which the lower ferrous strips 1150 any non-ferrous material 1170 are placed or secured. As discussed above, the non-ferrous material 1170 between the lower ferrous strips 1150 allows electromagnetic radiation to pass right through to the upper ferrous strips 1140 that are placed directly above the lower non-ferrous material and thereby offset from the lower ferrous strips. The upper ferrous strips 1140 may also be mounted in a frame at the top of the cooking cage 1110. Thus, by providing the upper ferrous strips 1140, the lower ferrous strips 1150, and the cooking bar 1120, the food 1130 may be effectively and quickly cooked within the cooking cage 1110.
Turning now to
For example, when inserted into the wall of the cooking vessel 1210, the induction heating elements 1220 may absorb electromagnetic radiation from an electromagnetic radiation source 1240 to increase a temperature of the cooking vessel based on a temperature reading that is below a desired value. Similarly, the induction heating elements 1220 may be removed from the cooking vessel 1210 to maintain a desired temperature or reduce the temperature if the temperature gets too high.
Notwithstanding the fact that in the present embodiment, a single one of the induction heating elements 1220 inserted into a single one of the slot 1230 has been shown, this is merely exemplary. Rather, in other embodiments, multiple smaller ones of the induction heating elements 1220 may be inserted into the slot 1230. Similarly, multiple numbers of the slot 1230 may be used in some embodiments, with each of the slots having one or more of the induction heating elements 1220. Likewise, the size, shape, angle, and orientation of the induction heating elements 1220 and the slot 1230 may vary in some embodiments as well. Also, while the slot 1230 and the induction heating elements 1220 have been shown on only one wall of the cooking vessel 1210, in at least some embodiments, slots and induction heating elements may be provided on multiple walls of the cooking vessel. Additionally, when multiple numbers of the slot 1230 holding multiple numbers of the induction heating elements 1220 are used, the size, shape, angle, and orientation of each of the induction heating element may vary to achieve the desired heating profile. Furthermore, in such cases, the insertion and removal of the induction heating elements 1220 may be either manual, automatic, or a combination of both. In some embodiments, additional heating elements and handles (such as those discussed in
Thus, using the embodiments described herein, it is, again, apparent that a metal cooking vessel (e.g., ferrous cooking vessel) is no longer necessary to take advantage of induction cooking. Rather, non-ferrous containers and cooking vessels having automated and/or manual mobility aspects allow for much greater flexibility and control in induction cooking. Opening and closing of induction elements in the top or base of a container also allow for adding ingredients, placing ferrous and/or non-ferrous sections aside, etc. In addition, heating and then simmering, and other combinations, for example, become possible in the same container (i.e., while multiple containers are being heating via a single electromagnetic radiation source) without the need for multiple time-consuming transfers from one pot to another. Additionally, stirring while heating may become a simple automatic process since the non-ferrous container is more amenable to the addition of electrically controlled devices.
The embodiments described herein make possible targeted heating and cooking in a variety of circumstances outside of conventional food preparation. For example, a commercial food manufacturer may have a food product that consists of two or more distinct types of food, one or more of which are to be cooked and one or more of which are not to be cooked. Instead of preparing the foods separately and then packaging them in a multi-step process, the embodiments described herein make it possible to place ingredients/food into separate sections of a non-ferrous package, with the ingredients/food to be cooked in a compartment (or compartments) having a readily removable ferrous element attached thereto. Passing the package over an electromagnetic radiation source results in cooking of the desired food component(s), and not cooking the other food product(s). An assembly line of such packages may result in significant savings for the food manufacturer.
Turning now to
For facilitating the cooking of food in the second chamber 1320, the second chamber includes an induction heating element 1330 attached or otherwise mounted thereto. In at least some embodiments, the induction heating element 1330 is detachable from the second chamber 1320 after the contents of the second chamber have been cooked. Notwithstanding the fact that in the present embodiment, a single one of the induction heating element 1330 has been shown attached/mounted to the second chamber 1320, in other embodiments, more than one of the induction heating elements may be provided on one or more walls of the second chamber. Furthermore, the shape, size, angle, and orientation of the induction heating element 1330 may vary from one embodiment to another. Also, while the induction heating element 1330 has been shown as being attached/mounted to an outer surface of the wall of the second chamber 1320, in some embodiments, the induction heating element may be mounted to an inner surface of the wall of the second chamber.
Moreover, in at least some embodiments, an induction heating element may be provided on the first chamber 1310 as well when the first chamber includes contents that are to be cooked. The shape, size, orientation, number, angle, and area of attaching/mounting the induction heating element on the first chamber 1310 may vary from one embodiment to another.
By virtue of providing the induction heating element 1330 on the second chamber 1320, as the multi-chamber cooking package 1300 travels down a conveyor belt 1340 of an assembly line 1350, the multi-chamber cooking package may be made to pass over (or under, or by) an electromagnetic radiation source 1360 that heats the induction heating element 1330, thereby cooking the contents of the second chamber 1320. In alternative embodiments, multiple electromagnetic radiation sources may be used at a number of different locations and orientations on the conveyor belt 1340 relative to the multi-chamber cooking package 1300 to achieve a desired heating profile. The electromagnetic radiation source 1360 may itself be mobile or stationary. Thus, in some embodiments, the multi-chamber cooking package 1300 may be positioned in at least some embodiments, stationary position, while the electromagnetic radiation source 1360 may move relative to the multi-chamber cooking package to cook contents within the multi-chamber cooking package.
The multi-chamber cooking package of
To seal the parcel 1410 using induction heating, an induction heating element 1430 is placed on the seam 1420 and particularly, over the heat activated adhesive or plastic on the seam. As the parcel 1410 moves along a conveyor belt 1440 of an assembly line 1450, the parcel passes through (e.g., over, under, or by) an electromagnetic radiation source 1460, which causes the induction heating element 1430 to heat up and melt/activate the heat activated adhesive or plastic on the seam 1420, thereby sealing the seam of the parcel.
As the parcel 1410 moves further down the conveyor belt 1440, the heat activated adhesive or plastic cools and hardens forming a permanent seal over the seam 1420. In at least some embodiments, the induction heating element 1430 may be removed from the seam 1420 to be re-used, or left on, depending on the implementation.
Notwithstanding the embodiment of the parcel 1410 shown in
The embodiments of
Turning now to
By virtue of using the induction heating element, the first body 1520 may be attached to the second body 1530 using induction heat. Specifically, the product 1510 is moved down a conveyor belt 1540 of an assembly line 1550 and as the product passes through (e.g., over, under, or by) an electromagnetic radiation source 1560, the electromagnetic radiation source heats the induction heating element. The heated induction heating element in turn melts/heats the adhesive or other material at the interface of the first body 1520 and the second body 1530 such that the first body is attached to the second body.
Again and as discussed in
Often it is necessary to add heat to a glue joint to disassemble an object. The embodiments may also be used to sever connections between bodies in alternative embodiments. For example, two items held together by solder or glue can be separated by placing an induction element at the joint and training an electromagnetic source on the element. Such a process is much safer than a flame. Also, the electromagnetic radiation source 1560 may be mobile or stationary. For example, in one embodiment, the electromagnetic radiation source can be a handheld battery powered unit. As noted above, use of a flame is dangerous and can damage the object being disassembled. In practice, a ferrous heating element is placed adjacent to the joint or encompassing the joint. Placing the radiation source proximate to the joint will help to ensure that only the joint is heated. Should there be ferrous metal near the joint, the process can be modified to avoid heating the nearby ferrous metal. Specifically, a long ferrous heating element can be used, with one end of the long ferrous heating element touching or encompassing the joint and the other end of the long ferrous heating element proximate to the radiation source. In such an implementation, the radiation source is more distant from the joint and the radiation can be targeted to heat the far end of the heating element. The remainder of the heating element (including the portion in contact with the joint) will heat via conduction such that the joint is heated for disassembly. In general, the above approaches can be used whenever something has to be melted.
Referring now to
Thus,
Notwithstanding the fact that in the present embodiment, the carbon fiber component 1620 is shown as being assembled to the plastic component 1630, this is merely exemplary. Rather, in other embodiments, any type of components (of any type of non-ferrous material) that are to be assembled together using screws or other type of fasteners capable of being heated may benefit from the embodiments described herein.
Specifically, to assemble the carbon fiber component 1620 and the plastic component 1630 using the screws 1640, an electromagnetic radiation source 1660 is used. In at least some embodiments, the electromagnetic radiation source 1660 is positioned under the holes 1650 causing the screws 1640 to heat up. As the screws 1640 heat up from the electromagnetic radiation source 1660, the screws expand and melt a portion of the carbon fiber component 1620 and a portion of the plastic component 1630 surrounding the screws. The melting of the carbon fiber component 1620 and the plastic component 1630 causes the plastic component to be attached to both the screws 1640 and the carbon fiber component. The carbon fiber component 1620 is, likewise, attached to the screws 1640 and the plastic component 1630, thereby assembling the carbon fiber component and the plastic component together.
While the electromagnetic radiation source 1660 has been shown as being positioned under the carbon fiber component 1620 and specifically under the holes 1650, the positioning of the electromagnetic radiation source may vary in other embodiments. For example, the electromagnetic radiation source 1660 may be positioned over, at the sides of, or at an angle relative to the holes 1650. Additionally, the electromagnetic radiation source 1660 may be mobile or stationary (relative to the product 1610) depending on the embodiment and specifically, the heat profile that is desired and the location/orientation of the screws 1640. The product 1610 may also be mobile or stationary relative to the electromagnetic radiation source 1660. In at least some other embodiments, one or more additional induction heating elements (i.e., in addition to the screws 1640) may be used to assist in melting the materials (e.g., the carbon fiber component 1620 and the plastic component 1630) together. Further, although not shown, one or both of the product 1610 and the electromagnetic radiation source 1660 may be positioned on a conveyor belt.
In addition to connecting or assembling components together, the embodiments described herein may also be used for food packaging. Specifically, the use of food packaging as an integral part of the heating/cooking process becomes possible using the embodiments described herein. Referring specifically to
The slots 1710 may be configured to receive a standard sized induction heating element (e.g., the induction heating elements 1720) or other piece of ferrous metal such that the food may be heated/cooked right in the package in which the food is purchased. As a result, the food may be conveniently cooked by placing the food packaging system 1700 on an induction cooktop (or other electromagnetic radiation source). In at least some embodiments, the food packaging system 1700 is made from a non-ferrous heat resistant material. In one embodiment, the food packaging system 1700 (as purchased) may include the induction heating elements 1720 in or around the packaging system such that the user does not have to place the induction heating elements into the food packaging system. In another embodiment, through placement of the induction heating elements 1720, only a portion of the food in the food packaging system 1700 is heated at a time, and the remaining food may be left in the food packaging system and placed in the refrigerator until the remaining food is to be reheated. This may all be done without removing the food from the food packaging system or needing to transfer to a pot to cook the food in. In another embodiment, the food packaging system 1700 itself may acts as a cooking vessel. For example, the food packaging system 1700 may include a dry food product which is to be cooked in water. Water may be added to the food packaging system 1700 and the food packaging system may be placed on an induction stove (or other electromagnetic radiation source) such that electromagnetic radiation heats one or more induction heating elements in or around the food packaging.
In at least some embodiments, the induction heating elements 1720 (and other induction heating elements described in this disclosure) may include a non-ferrous portion that does not get directly heated as a result of receiving electromagnetic radiation. The non-ferrous portion may be used to handle/remove an induction heating element that is hot. The non-ferrous portion may be made of ceramic or another heat resistant material, and may be in the form of a lip, an edge, a grip, a handle, etc.
Specifically,
It is to be understood that while the induction heating elements 1800, 1830, and 1860 have been shown and described as having a certain configuration, this is merely exemplary. In other embodiments, the proportion of the ferrous portion relative to the non-ferrous portion may vary in the induction heating elements. Likewise, the shape and size of the induction heating elements may vary from one embodiment to another depending upon what is desired. Additionally, the type of the non-ferrous portion (e.g., the non-inductive lip 1820, the non-inductive edge 1850, and the non-inductive grips 1880) may vary from one embodiment to another. For example, the induction heating element 1800 of
Turning now to
To use the bimetallic strip to control the circuit switches 1900, in at least some embodiments, at least a portion of the bimetallic strip is configured to bend in a predetermined direction in response to being heating by the electromagnetic radiation source. Bending in the predetermined direction may result in the bimetallic strip going from a linear state to a curved state, or from a curved state to a linear state, depending on the implementation. Such bending of the bimetallic strip may open/close an electrical circuit in response to application/removal of the electromagnetic radiation source heating the bimetallic strip (which heats up in the presence of this radiation) or removing the source of heat. This will turn the circuit switches 1900 on or off as desired.
Furthermore, the electromagnetic radiation source may be remotely controlled such that the bending of the bimetallic switch may be remotely controlled and the switch (e.g., the circuit switches 1900) may be turned on/off from a remote location. This adds flexibility to the ability to control the flow of current in a circuit. The on/off feature enables the control of all fluid motion. The use of targeted electromagnetic radiation (as opposed to relying solely on ambient temperature to enact a change in the bimetallic strip) greatly expands the utility of such bimetallic strips and enables the use of smaller versions, while demonstrating the bending effect as a result of temperature changes.
Thus,
Thus, the bimetallic strips 1920 and 1950 may be used to activate or deactivate a switch. Although not discussed specifically, such a switch circuit may, in addition to the bimetallic strip, also include resistors, capacitors, battery sources, etc. Other electrical components, although not shown or discussed, may be provided in the circuit switches 1900 in other embodiments.
The targeted heating of a ferrous metal via induction heating may also be used to form a detector device. For example, in one embodiment, a package may claim to only include food or edible material. A detection system may be used to check the package for ferrous material that is being smuggled in the package or that otherwise inadvertently made its way into the package. If the package is placed near an electromagnetic radiation source, the package increases in temperature, thereby providing an indication that the package includes ferrous material. The increase in temperature may be detected directly by placing a temperature sensor on or near the package, or indirectly based on emitted infrared radiation from the package. Such a method may eliminate the use of an X-ray detector (and its associated harmful rays) in at least some detection scenarios.
To that end,
Targeted induction heating may also be used to heat certain laboratory equipment used in experiments. Chemists, students, laboratory technicians, etc. often carry out experiments that require one or more contents of a test tube, flask, or other laboratory equipment to be heated. The contents of such equipment are traditionally heated by the chemist, student, lab technician, etc. holding the equipment over a Bunsen burner or other open flame. Use of such an open flame is dangerous, and may result in burns and/or unintentional fires. To improve safety, an induction heating element may be attached to or incorporated into the laboratory equipment.
For example, in one embodiment, an induction heating element may be implanted into the glass of the test tube, flask, or other laboratory equipment during production. Upon application of electromagnetic radiation, the implanted induction heating element heats the contents of the test tube, flask, or the other laboratory equipment safely without the need of a dangerous open flame.
Thus,
Also, while
Targeted induction heating may be used in a variety of other embodiments as well. Some of those embodiments are described below. For example, a narrow, targeted beam of electromagnetic radiation may also be used in colder climates to warm a car battery or other portion of a vehicle to facilitate easier starting of the vehicle. Specifically, a targeted electromagnetic radiation source may be placed proximate to a ferrous material positioned adjacent to the car battery. By emitting electromagnetic radiation, the electromagnetic radiation source may cause the ferrous material to heat up, thereby warming the battery and allowing the vehicle to start. In at least some embodiments, the electromagnetic radiation source may be powered from a wall outlet or other power source remote from the vehicle. Alternatively, the electromagnetic radiation source may be powered by the car battery itself or by a secondary battery associated with the electromagnetic radiation source.
Another application of targeted induction heating may involve verification of the authenticity of an item, such as of an enclosed/sealed package/item (e.g., a pill bottle), to help combat fraudulent reproduction and copying. For example, to authenticate an enclosed item, a detection unit may be incorporated into the enclosed item. In at least some embodiments, the detection unit may be incorporated into a small, sealed chamber of the enclosed item. The detection unit may itself be a sealed unit having a dye, paint, stain, ink, or other marking material therein. The marking material may vary in color and consistency. The walls of the detection unit may be made of plastic and ferrous elements may be incorporated inside the plastic walls along with the marking material. Alternatively, at least a portion of the detection unit walls may be made from ferrous materials.
When the enclosed item is exposed to electromagnetic radiation from an electromagnetic radiation source, the ferrous materials in the detection unit heats up and melts the plastic portion(s) of the walls of the detection unit, releasing the marking material. The small, sealed chamber that forms part of the enclosed item and that contains the detection unit may be placed in an innocuous place within the enclosed item. The small, sealed chamber may also include a small viewing window such that an end user or the authorities are able to view the marking material when it is released in response to electromagnetic radiation, thereby verifying the authenticity of the enclosed item without having to break/tamper/specifically inspect the enclosed item. The viewing window may form at least a portion of an exterior wall of the enclosed item, in at least some embodiments.
Thus, an end user or authorities may activate the detection unit with electromagnetic radiation to verify the authenticity of the enclosed item without having to open the enclosed item. Specifically, a replica or knock off of the enclosed item is likely not to include the small, sealed chamber or the detection unit which includes the ferrous material and marking material that is to be released upon exposure to electromagnetic radiation. The location of the detection unit and/or color of the marking material will be provided from the manufacturer to the end user, such that the user knows where to look for the marking material and what color the marking material should be. If the marking material appears in the correct location and is the correct color, the user may be confident that the enclosed item is authentic, before opening the enclosed item.
Such an authenticating system may be used to combat the proliferation of counterfeit drugs. Any duplicate packaging may appear the same on the outside, but is likely not to have the embedded detection unit which releases the marking material. In one embodiment, the detection unit may be configured such that the opening of the enclosed item triggers the release of the marking material. For example, the detection unit holding the marking material may include a detachable lid that is connected (by a wire, etc.) to a lid of the enclosed item such that the lid of the detection unit is opened when the lid of the enclosed item is opened, thereby releasing the marking material. Thus, if the end user receives the enclosed item with the marking material already visible, the end user may be alerted that the enclosed item may have been tampered with.
These embodiments provide advantages over the use of conventional authenticity messages, which are visible only under ultraviolet (UV) light. Use of light activated messages to show authenticity is subject to unauthorized inspection by third parties without alerting the end user that the inspection was performed. In the disclosed embodiments, inspection via electromagnetic radiation by a third party is apparent to the end user because the marking material has become visible by an unauthorized inspection prior to the enclosed item being received by the end user. The embedded detection unit may also be used for identification, selection, and detection purposes, in addition to protecting against tampering and counterfeiting as discussed above. The embedded detection unit may be of a variety of shapes and sizes, and multiple embedded detection units may be used simultaneously in a single enclosed item. In addition, the walls of the detection unit may be formed from meltable materials other than plastic.
The embodiments described herein have a multitude of applications which improve both safety and convenience. The ability to heat objects without a flame decreases the likelihood of a fire and burns. The ability to specifically and effortlessly place heating elements in any location/orientation relative to food improves user convenience and cooking options. With recent advances in battery and other energy source technology, an induction cooktop or heating system may be made portable. Additionally, the embodiments described herein no longer require a user to heat a metal pot to heat contents of the pot. Rather, electromagnetic energy may be directed to one or more induction heating elements, which in turn act as the heat source for heating the contents of the pot.
Small, localized induction heating systems may be placed in hotel rooms, in workplace lunch rooms, in college dormitories, in parks, at rest areas, on hiking trails, in campgrounds, etc. Induction heating systems may also be plug in units and/or include batteries or other portable power sources, depending on the embodiment. The induction heating systems may be free of charge or pay to use units. Travelers, hikers, etc. may use the portable induction heating systems without the need to have a pot or other cooking container. Rather, the user may have (or be provided with) one or more induction heating elements that may be used to heat food in any number of containers. Turning on the electromagnetic radiation source of the induction heating system allows the food to cook without the risk of contamination from food of other users, as may happen, for example, when using a microwave oven. Microwave ovens also require cleaning and removal of food residue from previous users, and such maintenance is avoided with the user of the induction heating systems described herein. There is also low or no risk of fire when using a small, localized induction heating system.
Hospitals and other healthcare facilities may also use small, localized induction heating systems to warm up foods in a targeted and/or differential manner for the convenience of patients and staff. Caterers who are out on the road will similarly find convenience in the use of small, localized induction heating systems. Large quantities of food may be brought to a catered event, and a number of small induction heating systems may be used to carry out all of the heating operations needed to prepare and maintain a heated meal, with much less effort and a great deal more safety than in traditional preparation methods.
An induction heating system may also be added to a vehicle, such as a car, semi, truck, boat, all-terrain vehicle, etc. The engine and/or battery of the vehicle may act as a power source for the electromagnetic radiation source and the induction heating system may be used for cooking during outdoors events such as a tailgate party, picnic, etc. Additionally, the induction heating source may be used to generate heat in the vehicle for use in colder climates. This allows cooking and/or heating to be performed without the use of flames and dangerous fuels such as propane, lighter fluid, gasoline, etc.
The systems described herein may also be used in cold environments to heat articles of clothing. For example, an article of clothing may include ferric threads in at least a portion of the fabric. A layer of ferrous material can also be placed on one or more layers of non-ferrous material to form the cloth, or the cloth can be impregnated with ferrous particles (including ferrous nanoparticles). The ferrous particles can also be placed in paint, which can be applied to the cloth. Clothing can be formed from the cloth using standard procedures. Upon receipt of electromagnetic radiation, the ferric threads may generate heat, which is transferred to the wearer of the article of clothing. In alternative embodiments, induction heating elements other than ferric thread, such as ferric plates, ferric buttons, ferric fashion accessories, etc. may be incorporated on or into clothing to provide heat to the user. This allows the individual to not rely as much on dangerous space heaters, bonfires, etc. to stay warm. The electromagnetic radiation used to heat the induction clothing may come from a stationary source. Alternatively, as one example, vehicles may include electromagnetic sources that may activate the induction clothing from a distance as the vehicle passes by a wearer of the induction clothing. For example, construction workers, traffic officers, etc. may be able to heat themselves by utilizing electromagnetic radiation from passing vehicles. Similarly, such electromagnetic sources may be placed along sidewalks, trails, etc. such that passersby may be heated as they pass.
The systems described herein may also be used for cooking and/or heating during camping. For example, an induction heating source in conjunction with induction heating elements in a tent or other enclosing sleeping space is much safer that the use of gases such as propane, which may result in oxygen depletion and death. Thus, this may be applied to field use for both military personnel and civilians.
The systems described herein also provide for safer remote preparation of food. For example, a user may set a timer to have an induction hot plate begin heating inductive elements (which in turn heat food) while the user is on his/her way home from work. This process is safer than using electric cooktop, crock pot, or other electrical apparatus that may cause a fire when the user is not present. In one embodiment, a heat or temperature sensor may be incorporated into or placed near one or more of the induction heating elements. If the temperature sensor determines that the temperature exceeds a safe operating threshold temperature, the sensor may send a signal to cause the electromagnetic radiation source to shut down, thereby cooling the temperature of the heating element and reducing the risk of fire.
The systems described herein may also be used with robotic features for remote cooking or other applications using the robotic features. For example, a robotic arm may be incorporated into or near a refrigerator. The robotic arm may be configured to automatically take a container of food from the refrigerator (at a predetermined time) and place the food container near an induction heating system such that the food is heated. The robotic arm may also be configured to place induction heating elements into the food container. Alternatively, the food container may come with the induction heating elements already therein, or the user may place the induction heating elements in the food container in advance. As such, the food may remain cold for most of the day, but may be heated while the user is on his/her way home such the user comes home to a heated meal.
In one embodiment, the induction cooking system may be incorporated into an insulated portion of the refrigerator, and the robotic arm may move the food from a cold storage portion of the refrigerator into the insulated portion of the refrigerator at a predetermined time. The robotic arm (or other associated computing system) may then activate an electromagnetic radiation source such that the food in the insulated portion of the refrigerator is heated, allowing the user to come home to a hot meal that is already prepared. Again, the robotic arm may position induction heating elements in or around the food container and/or the insulated portion of the refrigerator. Alternatively, the induction heating elements may be placed by the user.
In another embodiment, a spoon or other utensil fashioned out of ferrous metal can serve as the heating element. A non-ferrous food container of appropriate size is placed adjacent to or on top of the electromagnetic source. When the spoon is placed in the container and the radiation source turned on, the metal of the spoon heats up, thereby causing the food in the container to heat up. In one configuration, the handle of the spoon is made of non-ferrous material such as wood, plastic, or ceramic such that the handle can be held without being burned. This concept is readily extended to other utensils of various sizes. In alternative embodiments, the utensil can be made entirely of metal which will heat up in the presence of the electromagnetic radiation. In another alternative embodiment, the utensil can be made from sections of ferrous metal in a substrate of non-ferrous material, or any other combination.
In another embodiment, a ferrous heating element can be placed in the wall of a non-ferrous food container such that at least a portion of the ferrous heating element is external to the food container and at least a portion of the ferrous heating element is internal to the food container. Placing the radiation source outside of the container will result in the exterior portion of the heating element quickly heating up, thereby heating the interior portion of the heating element via conduction such that the contents of the food container are heated. Any number of such heating elements can be used, in different areas of the container, and the heating elements can be of different sizes. The heating elements can be permanently mounted to the food container in one implementation. Alternatively, the heating elements can be adjustable such that the amount of the heating element which is internal/external to the food container can be altered by sliding the heating element further into (or out of) the food container. The heating elements may also be entirely removable from the food container. In such an embodiment, a plug component can be used to fill the hole which was previously occupied by a removed heating element.
In current practice, following the path of physical/chemical processes in a living animal or plant (such as blood or other fluid flow) is difficult and often involves the use of radioactive tracers, fluorescent molecules, etc. In another embodiment, dietary or other iron may be injected into the blood stream or other fluid path of a living entity and, upon being subject to electromagnetic radiation, the injected iron generates a safe level of heat. One or more heat detectors may be placed on or near the subject to identify areas of the subject that are being heated as a result of the injected iron. The one or more heat detectors are associated with a processing device that receives indications of detected heat and tracks the progression or location of the injected iron in the subject based on the detected heat. As a result, ongoing processes in living things may be followed without the need for radioactive tracking systems that are in current use.
The induction systems described herein may also be used for internal detection. For example, an induction technique may be used to detect the presence of (ferrous) shrapnel in an injured soldier. Specifically, electromagnetic radiation may be targeted to an injury site and heat detectors may be placed on/near the patient to determine whether there is an increase in heat due to the shrapnel within the patient. Additionally, it has been established that at least some bacterial infections involve the cooperation of bacteria to grow and form a large bacterial infection site, as opposed to remaining a collection of individual bacteria particles spread throughout an organism. Iron is an important component of bacterial growth. As such, an induction system may be used to pinpoint regions of bacterial infection. Specifically, electromagnetic radiation may be passed through an area of an organism such that iron in a bacterial infection emanates heat. Heat detectors may then be used to identify areas emanating heat to pinpoint the location of the infection.
The induction systems described herein may also be used to study animal learning. Current tests that explore animal learning capabilities often involve the imposition of hunger on the animal with the utilization of food as a reward for performing some task such as completing a maze. Induction heating elements may similarly be used to study animal learning. For example, an animal may be placed into a cage in a cold environment, where a portion of the cage is made of ferrous material that generates heat when subjected to an electromagnetic radiation. The cage may include the ferrous material in the form of spaced out strips of metal that may be moved around by the animal. As an example, the spaced out strips of metal may be in a portion of a roof of the cage and observers may determine how long it takes the animal to realize that it receives heat if it stands proximate to the spaced out strips. Observers may also determine whether the animal has the intelligence to manipulate the strips (i.e., move them all together into a single unit) to increase the heat in a given area of the cage, etc. Observers may also determine whether one animal is capable of teaching another animal how to manipulate the metal strips for a warming effect.
The embodiments described herein make it possible to create heat in a desired and targeted location without the use of convection, conduction, or heat radiation. Rather, electromagnetic radiation, which passes through tissue, food, plant matter, plastics, and non-ferrous metal, may be used to heat ferrous metal placed in the location of choice. The ferrous metal may have any shape, dimension, or state, including solid or liquid. The heating of the ferrous metal may be completely controlled for purposes of schedule, duration, repetition, and number of events for a given time period. Further, the level of heating may be modulated by the nature of the electromagnetic radiation sent by the electromagnetic radiation source. This enables the control and function at a distance not possible in the past.
The techniques described herein may also be used to conduct targeted pinpoint heating in both living entities and inanimate objects. For example, placing a small amount of metal into an entity/object and then passing electromagnetic radiation through the metal may allow for selection, control, and in some instances, self-repair. This differential reception of electromagnetic radiation, which appears as heat may also be used to destroy unwanted tissue, or heal and revive other tissue as the case may be. For example, consider a device implanted in living tissue which on occasion requires a current flow, but not so often as to justify an implanted battery or complicated receiver. Such a device may be powered using induction heat by placing a thermocouple wire in a desired location, where one end of the thermocouple wire is surrounded by additional ferrous material. Passing electromagnetic radiation through the thermocouple wire induces a temperature gradient, which in turn generates the desired current to provide power to the device, to perform nerve stimulation/treatment, accelerate healing, etc.
In another embodiment and as discussed above, a bimetallic strip may be placed in a location which is not readily accessible and used to complete a circuit or interrupt a circuit, as discussed herein. Sending electromagnetic radiation at a desired time heats the bimetallic strip, causing it to bend and thereby control the circuit. This principle may also be extended to opening and closing a valve by heating it using induction heat by surrounding it with ferrous material and causing a desired expansion. Expansion of this kind may be used to control an enclosed fluid, which in turn may be used to direct the flow of other liquids. The same principle may be used to melt a fuse in a circuit in order to begin a function or operation, for example, to interrupt an ongoing circuit at a predetermined time. Heat applied at a distance may also be used to induce adhesion of heat reactive adhesive in an industrial setting, promote healing in a living body, and stimulate a repair that requires heat.
The danger of the inadvertent triggering of the induction devices described herein due to stray radiation is low. For example, many individuals wear and/or carry ferrous metal without having the metal heat up as a result of stray radiation in the environment. To implement the induction devices described herein, strong, precisely directed electromagnetic radiation is used. In rare circumstances, it may be desirable to implement protective measures on the induction devices to prevent the effect of stray radiation, as is done relative to pacemakers, for example.
There are many applications for the induction methods described herein, including use of a ferrous paper-like wrapper attached to an electromagnetic source to heat food in any location, including at a user's desk, in a kitchen or lunchroom, in a restaurant, etc. In the farming industry, the methods described herein may be used to prevent frost from damaging plants by placing ferrous material in or around plants and causing the ferrous material to selectively heat the plants by applying the appropriate amount of electromagnetic radiation. Induction heating may also be used in blankets, clothes, etc. to heat humans and animals.
As discussed throughout, the ability to transmit heat remotely without the need for conduction, convection, or heat radiation provides advantages relative to safety, and does not require the installation of wires to conduct electricity. Additionally, the ability to heat an object or area at a distance without any effect on the intervening substance has a large number of applications. For example, systems which require a cycle or a given order of operations may use remote and targeted induction heating. A lighted sign, for example, may have portions that light up at certain times and/or in a certain order. Targeted electromagnetic radiation may be used to activate ferrous switches in the sign, thereby causing the appropriate portion to light up at the appropriate time.
Similarly, an otherwise non-metallic motor may utilize ferrous components to generate heat and/or a spark at appropriate times during the motor's cycle. The control of such targeted induction systems may be computerized such that a user may precisely program the timing and location of electromagnetic radiation to achieve the desired result. As an example, a teacher or salesperson may use induction heat to selectively light a whiteboard, sign, display, etc. to help make a point or highlight a given area.
Additionally, experiments and processes that need intermittent heat, but that require isolation from the ambient environment may also utilize induction to provide the heat. For example, contents of an experiment requiring isolation may be housed in a plurality of sealed, non-ferrous containers. A ferrous element may be inserted into or attached to one or more of the non-ferrous containers that requires intermittent heat to complete the experiment. The ferrous element(s) may be selectively heated at appropriate times to deliver heat without unsealing or otherwise disturbing the contents of the experiment. Crystal growth and cell growth are examples of experiments/procedures that may utilize heat at a distance to facilitate the growth. Heat may also be applied to a substance (such as a PVC pipe) such that the substance is more inclined to emit chemicals. For example, such heating may be used in conjunction with spectroscopy to improve the emissions of a substance so that the emissions are more readily detectable.
Induction heat may also be used to assist with surgical procedures that utilize heat. For example, heat operations featuring ablations may utilize heat that is physically transferred from outside to within the target area. In such a procedure, a small ferrous target may be placed with great precision prior to surgery and may be monitored during the surgery. In the context of atrial fibrillation, the inserted ferrous target may be monitored over many heart cycles, and may be used to transfer heat to a target area to perform an ablation without distress to the patient. The ferrous target may easily be removed once the heat need for the operation is delivered.
Remote and targeted heating may also be used to protect objects and systems that are not readily accessible. For example, ferrous elements may be selectively placed near or around plastic pipes that carry water, and may be used to prevent the pipes from freezing during cold weather conditions. Such pipes may be underground or within walls, and may be otherwise very difficult to access directly. In one embodiment, a computerized system may control the heating of such pipes, and may be configured to automatically activate induction heating of the pipes when the temperature drops below a certain threshold, such as the freezing point.
As discussed herein, clothing may also take advantage of induction heating through the incorporation of ferrous threads that are interwoven into non-ferrous materials. When proximate to an electromagnetic radiation source, the clothing may be heated, providing warmth to the wearer. Such electromagnetic radiation sources may be used in public areas such as bus stops and other areas where individuals are exposed to the elements. Electromagnetic radiation sources for use in heating clothing may also be placed indoors and/or on public transportation such as buses, trains, planes, etc.
Induction heating may also be used to protect trees and plants from unusually cold temperatures. For example, ferrous elements may be placed proximate to the roots of a tree or other plant, and may thereby be used to maintain the roots at a given temperature so that the plant does not die. Such a process may be very beneficial in a tree nursery in which a cold snap likely causes significant losses. In one embodiment, the pots of potted plants, such as flower pots, may include or be made from ferrous material such that the pot may be heated, thereby heating the soil within the pot and the roots of any plants in the pot. For example, a flower pot can be constructed with ferrous metal inserted into the walls of the container or surrounding the walls of the container. A radiation source can be programmed to automatically turn on when a low temperature threshold is reached such that the plants can be safely warmed with no safety concerns and no wires which may become excessively hot. Specifically, radiation travels to the element in or surrounding the flower pot, and heats the pot, which in turn warms the plants. This concept can be extended to large containers for plants, to greenhouses, and to tree roots. Animal cages can similarly be heated. Induction heating may also be used to warm a bee hive without disturbing the bees.
Remote induction heating may also be used by rescue workers to help warm individuals that are trapped or otherwise inaccessible. For example, workers trapped in a mine may have or be provided with ferrous material to receive heat. Targeted electromagnetic radiation may then be used to heat the ferrous material. Similarly, individuals trapped under snow and ice may receive heat via electromagnetic radiation if they are equipped with ferrous material.
The concept of delivering heat into a living body has a number of uses. For example, drug delivery may be facilitated via induction. A drug may be at least partly encased by a small amount of ferrous metal, and may be released by a burst of electromagnetic radiation that is configured to melt the small amount of metal. The drug may be delivered into a tumor, for example. No other sources of thermal energy currently in use has such a little of a disturbing impact on the intervening tissue. Targeted induction heating may also be used to enhance vascular permeability, and may even be used to transcend the blood-brain barrier as medical technology improves.
Heat may also be used to change the physical properties of objects such as electrical resistance, length, hardness, etc. The embodiments described herein enable a new level of control in devices made of plastics and other non-ferrous materials. Such devices may include a ferrous element at a key location to serve as an active control. For example, consider two wooden surfaces which are intended to be joined or kept together in certain circumstances and kept apart in other circumstances. One of the wooden surfaces may include a ferrous pin or rod attached thereto, and the other wooden surface may include a plastic receptacle into which the pin or rod fits in a cool (i.e., unheated) condition. Upon heating, the rod or pin increases in diameter such that the rod or pin does not fit into the plastic receptacle. When the heat is removed, the diameter of the rod or pin decreases, thereby allowing it to fit into the plastic receptacle.
Thus,
In some instances, it is desirable or necessary for two chemicals to be combined at a specific time and/or location which are not accessible or convenient. In an embodiment, the chemicals are placed in adjacent containers or in adjacent parts of the same container, and are separated by an interface which can be melted by the addition of heat. At this interface, a ferrous element of appropriate size is placed and an electromagnetic radiation source is placed nearby. At the appropriate time, the radiation source is turned on, causing the ferrous element to heat up and melt the interface such that the chemicals are combined.
All applications needing heat can be designed to receive such heat using the combination of a radiation source and a ferrous element or material. For example, a thermocouple can be heated in this way, with induction at one end to create a current or control a switch in a circuit. Similarly, a stirling engine can use such induction heating as a source of heat in certain applications where other sources of heat are neither convenient nor safe. The ability to target and control the location and intensity of heating also makes the embodiments described herein useful in situations where it is desirable to dry liquids. This would include wet paint on small (or even large) areas, chemical reactions, biological specimens, liquid surface protectant that has been applied to a surface, and/or any other areas where a warm environment at a specific location will induce a more rapid drying.
In another illustrative embodiment, the electromagnetic (heating) elements described herein can be incorporated into various components to provide controlled heating. For example, the heating elements can be included in utensils such as a mixing spoon, a spatula, a whisk, etc. The heating element that forms the utensil can be at least partially covered by a material that will not melt in response to heating of the utensil, such as plastic, ceramic, silicon, etc. In one embodiment, the heating element that forms the utensil can move relative to the cover (or lid) material such that the heating element can extend from and retract into the cover material.
In an illustrative embodiment, a silicon (or other material) seal can be used at the interface between the utensil element 2310 and the handle 2305 such that food and other material is unable to enter the handle 2305. Upon application of electromagnetic radiation to the utensil, the utensil element 2310 is heated, which allows for heat transfer to the food that is in contact with the utensil 2300.
In another embodiment, the heating element that forms the utensil can be entirely covered by a material (e.g., plastic) that is non-metallic and that transfers heat from the heating element to the food in which the utensil is being used. The full covering of the heating element allows the user to cook his/her food without exposing the food to metal, while still being able to use the utensil to assist with the heating/cooking of the food.
In another embodiment, a cooking vessel can have heating elements that extend through the sidewall(s) of the cooking vessel and that allow the user to control an insertion depth of the heating element into the cooking vessel.
As shown, in one embodiment, each of the retractable heating elements 2405 includes a ferromagnetic heating element 2410 and a handle 2415 mounted to an end of the ferromagnetic heating element 2410. The ferromagnetic heating element 2410 can be in the form of a rod and can have varying lengths and shapes. For example, a cross-sectional shape of the rod can be circular, square, triangular, etc. Upon application of electromagnetic radiation, as discussed herein, the rods heat up to heat contents of the cooking vessel 2400. The handle 2415 of each retractable heating element can be made from a non-ferrous material (ceramic, plastic, silicon, etc.) such that a user is able to manipulate the retractable heating element without getting burned. The handle 2415 allows the user to control the insertion depth of the rod, and thereby control the cooking of the vessel contents.
Another embodiment is directed to an induction heating system that includes a non-ferromagnetic container (or partially non-ferromagnetic container) and a ferromagnetic container that is sized to fit within the non-ferromagnetic container. Upon application of electromagnetic radiation from a source (as discussed herein), the ferromagnetic container heats any contents thereof, along with any contents of the non-ferromagnetic (or partially non-ferromagnetic) container. In this way, the contents of the two containers can be kept separate, while still being heated on a single burner of a stovetop or other cooking apparatus.
As the ferromagnetic container 2505 receives the radiation, the ferromagnetic container 2505 and its contents are heated. Additionally, any contents of the non-ferromagnetic (or partially non-ferromagnetic) container 2500 are also heated as a result of the increase in temperature of the ferromagnetic container 2505. Any ferromagnetic material incorporated into the container 2500 can also contribute to heating of the contents of the container 2500. In an illustrative embodiment, the ferromagnetic container 2505 is significantly smaller than the non-ferromagnetic (or partially non-ferromagnetic) container such that the contents of the ferromagnetic container get hotter more rapidly than the contents of the non-ferromagnetic (or partially non-ferromagnetic) container 2500. For example, a volume of the non-ferromagnetic (or partially non-ferromagnetic) container 2500 can be at least two times (i.e., double) the volume of the ferromagnetic container 2505 in one embodiment. Once food preparation is complete, the ferromagnetic container 2505 can be removed by tongs. Alternatively, the ferromagnetic container 2505 can include a non-ferromagnetic handle 2510 that does not get heated and that allows for safe, easy removal. In one embodiment, the non-ferromagnetic (or partially non-ferromagnetic) container 2500 can be the cooking vessel 2400 with retractable heating elements 2405, as described with reference to
While the non-ferromagnetic portions 2610 are shown as bands (
In one embodiment, instead of being formed in the bottom of the cooking container, the receptacles to receive ferromagnetic elements and/or containers can be formed in an insert that rests on the bottom of the cooking container.
Still referring to
In another, related embodiment, a utensil (e.g., spoon, fork, knife, etc.) can have a non-ferromagnetic handle and a ferromagnetic body that extends from the non-ferromagnetic handle. Alternatively, the ferromagnetic body of the utensil can be coated by a non-ferromagnetic material. In this way, the utensil enables continuous heating of food/liquid, even while the food/liquid is being consumed. For example, heat afficionados may enjoy the experience of a hot cup of coffee that is not cooled as a result of an externally inserted spoon, since the spoon can generate heat and keep the coffee warm. Additionally, some foods are prepared in ceramic lined ovens or containers where the ceramic has been heated over a period of time from the outside. Inserting ferromagnetic elements inside the ceramic would enable it to be heated both from the outside as well as from the inside.
It is noted that the ferromagnetic heating elements described herein need not be solid metal, but can instead be formed from non-ferromagnetic material that is coated with a ferromagnetic skin of metal. Such a configuration can be used to lessen the weight of the elements, and also the amount of ferromagnetic material that is needed to form the heating elements.
In some embodiments, control of the heating elements described herein may be implemented at least in part as computer-readable instructions stored on a computer-readable medium, such as a computer memory or storage device. Upon execution of the computer-readable instructions by a processor, the computer-readable instructions may cause the computing device to perform the operations by directing the radiation source to begin in a desired fashion.
The foregoing description of illustrative embodiments has been presented for purposes of illustration and of description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or limiting with respect to the precise form disclosed, and modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of the disclosed embodiments. The foregoing description of illustrative embodiments has been presented for purposes of illustration and of description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or limiting with respect to the precise form disclosed, and modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of the disclosed embodiments.
The present application is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/039,166 filed on Jul. 18, 2018, which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/422,585, filed on Feb. 2, 2017, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/207,567, filed on Jul. 12, 2016, which in turn claims priority to each of U.S. Provisional Patent App. No. 62/194,021, filed on Jul. 17, 2015, U.S. Provisional Patent App. No. 62/196,161, filed on Jul. 23, 2015, U.S. Provisional Patent App. No. 62/206,080, filed on Aug. 17, 2015, U.S. Provisional Patent App. No. 62/303,667, filed on Mar. 4, 2016, and U.S. Provisional Patent App. No. 62/312,917, filed on Mar. 24, 2016, all of which are incorporated by reference herein in their respective entireties.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62194021 | Jul 2015 | US | |
| 62196161 | Jul 2015 | US | |
| 62303667 | Mar 2016 | US | |
| 62312917 | Mar 2016 | US | |
| 62206080 | Aug 2015 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 15422585 | Feb 2017 | US |
| Child | 16039166 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 15207567 | Jul 2016 | US |
| Child | 15422585 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 16039166 | Jul 2018 | US |
| Child | 18156021 | US |
