The present invention claims priority to United Kingdom Patent Application No. 0214817.9, filed Jun. 27, 2002.
The present invention relates to a vehicle door latch mechanism. More particularly, the present invention relates to an inertia locking mechanism for a vehicle door latch incorporating an inertia device that is movable in response to vehicle acceleration to lock the latch.
During an impact with another body, vehicle passenger doors may deform. This deformation may cause components in a linkage between a door handle and a vehicle door latch to change their relative positions. This potentially results in an unwanted unlatching of the latch due to, for example, the linkage stretching and thus moving a release lever of the latch. In such a crash or impact situation, unlatching of vehicle passenger doors is undesirable because the latched doors provide a large proportion of the structural integrity of the vehicle, whereas unlatched doors do not. Additionally, unlatching of a door during an impact increases the risk of vehicle occupants being thrown from the vehicle, leading to an increased risk of injury.
The present invention seeks to overcome, or at least mitigate the problems of the prior art.
Accordingly, one embodiment of the present invention is a door latch mechanism for a vehicle comprising a release lever operable by a door handle and a transmission linkage having a resiliently biased inertia device. During normal operation, the inertia body is arranged to transmit unlatching movement from the release lever to release a latch bolt of the latch. If the vehicle undergoes acceleration (which includes both positive and negative acceleration values) above a predetermined level, the inertia of the inertia body in the latch mechanism causes an interruption to be created in the transmission linkage.
Another embodiment of the invention includes an inertia locking mechanism for a vehicle door latch having an electrical transmission signal path normally operable by a door handle to release a latch bolt of a vehicle door latch. The transmission path comprises an electrical component that causes an interruption in the transmission path if a vehicle undergoes acceleration above a predetermined level.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the drawings in which:
Referring to
Referring now to
An outside actuating lever 56 is pivotably connected to a release link connoctor 88 by a pin. The release link connector 88 extends from a pawl lifter (not shown). The pawl lifter rotates about a pin 89 and has a lost motion connection to the pawl 97 so that the pawl lifter is capable of disengaging the pawl 97 from the claw 95. The inside actuating lever 87 is similarly connected to the pawl lifter. The pawl lifter and the connector 88 rotate together about a pin 89. The pawl lifter is biased in a clockwise direction by a spring(not shown). Rotation of a man lock lever 86 in a clockwise direction causes actuating levers 56 and 87 to rotate clockwise by the action of a cam portion (not shown) of the main lock lever 86 and move to a locked position.
Actuating levers 56 and 87 are biased in an counter-clockwise direction by a spring (not shown) so that when the main lock lever 86 returns to the unlock position, the links 56 and 87 also return to their unlocked positions.
Referring to
An inertia body or device, such as an inertia pawl 32, is pivotally mounted to the release lever 14 by a pin 34 positioned between the pin 16 and aperture 18 on the release lever 14. The inertia pawl 32 is biased in a counter-clockwise direction. The inertia pawl 32 comprises a pawl tooth 36 arranged to engage the tooth 26 of the catch 24 via an end surface 38 of the inertia pawl 32 and an inner surface 40 of the catch tooth 26. The pawl tooth 36 further includes an inner surface 42 and the catch tooth 26 further includes an end surface 44.
A fixed projection 46 extends from the chassis 12 and is positioned to engage the ramp surface 30 during a pivoting motion of the release lever 14, as will be discussed in further detail below.
A transmission lever 48 is further pivotally mounted to the pin 34 on the release lever 14. The transmission lever 48 is rotationally coupled with the inertia pawl 32 and is therefore also biased in a counter-clockwise direction by a biasing means, such as a tension spring 50. An abutment surface 52 is provided at the end of the transmission lever 48 remote from the pin 34 so that during normal operation, the abutment surface may contact a corresponding abutment surface 54 of an actuating lever 56 when the actuating lever is in an unlocked position as shown in
A projection 58 is provided on one face of the transmission lever 48. The projection 58 fits in a slot or recess 60 provided in the chassis 12. During normal operation, the projection 58 may slide along a linear slot portion 60a, which is arranged to extend substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the transmission lever 48. The projection is biased towards the upper surface of the slot portion 60a by a spring 50. However, the projection 58 may also move along an arcuate slot portion 60b as die transmission lever 48 pivots about the pin 34, coming to rest in the position shown in
Under normal operating conditions where the latch starts in a latched, unlocked condition, the latch operates as follows:
The vehicle user pulls on the outside door handle 20, causing the release lever 14 to pivot in a counter-clockwise direction against its biasing force. In turn, this causes transmission lever 48 to move from left to right as viewed in
After the impact occurs, a single pull on the outside door handle 20 causes the release lever 14 and the catch 24 to pivot about the pin 16. This pivoting motion causes the fixed projection 46 from the chassis 12 to contact the ramp surface 30 and forces the catch 24 to rotate counter-clockwise about the pin 28 relative to the release lever 14. As shown seen in
If the outside door handle 20 is pulled to its full extent of travel, the projection 58 on the transmission lever 48 will reach the position on the abutment surface 62 shown in
A subsequent pull on the outside door handle then enables the latch mechanism 10 to be released in the normal way, with the abutment surface 52 of the transmission lever contacting the abutment surface 54 of the actuation lever 56. This resetting feature of the transmission linkage enables the latch to be continue to be used normally even after an impact. In particular, it enables the door to be opened to enable emergency personnel to enter the vehicle if the vehicle occupants are injured in the impact (assuming that this is not prevented by excessive deformation of the door to which the latch is fitted).
As shown in
The inertia body 170 is resiliently biased in a counter-clockwise direction and is shown in its rest position in
The inertia body 170 further comprises an inertia mass portion 174 remote from pin 172.
During normal operation, a vehicle user pulls on the outside door handle 120, causing the transmission lever 148 to move substantially linearly towards the actuating lever 156 while being guided by the movement of the projection 158 on the transmission lever 148 in a slot portion 160a. The abutment surface 152 of the transmission lever 148 contacts the abutment surface 154 of the actuating lever 156 to actuate the actuating lever 156, thereby causing the latch to be released.
If the vehicle is involved in an impact, resulting in a transverse component of acceleration above a predetermined value, the inertia body 170 pivots about the pin 172 in a clockwise direction relative to the remainder of the latch. This occurs due to the tendency of the inertia mass portion 174 to remain stationary in the transverse direction while the rest of the vehicle accelerates. In the rest position, the spatial relationship between the upper surface 176 of the inertia body 170, the projection 158 on the transmission lever 148, the pin 172 and the slot 160 is such that the inertia mass portion 174 may rotate without interfering with the projection 158. Once the inertia body 170 has rotated, the transmission lever 148 rotates in a clockwise direction as indicated by arrow X under the influence of the spring 150 to come to rest in the position shown in
When the outside door handle 120 is then pulled, the projection 158 follows the surface 178 of the slot 160 in a direction shown by arrow Y in
It can be seen that in this embodiment, the slots 60 and 160 of the first two embodiments have been dispensed with. Instead, a projection 258 on the transmission lever 248 rests in normal use in a notch 280 provided on the inertia body 270. When a user pulls on the outside door handle 220, the transmission lever 248 moves from left to right to contact the actuating lever 256 while the projection 258 on the transmission lever 248 is retained within the notch 280. The inertia body 270 rotates during this movement against the biasing force of the torsion spring 284.
During an impact, the inertia body 270 rotates in a clockwise direction in a similar manner to the inertia body 170 of the second embodiment. This causes the projection 258 on the transmission lever 248 to leave the notch 280 and slide against the inertia body 270 in a direction shown by arrow X2 to attain the position shown in
A subsequent pull on the outside door handle 220 causes the inertia body 270 to rotate in a clockwise direction until the frictional resistance between the projection 258 and the surface 282 of the inertia body 270 and the biasing force of spring 250 is overcome so that the projection 258 slides back into the notch 280 on the inertia body 270. However, during this sliding motion and rotation of the inertia body 270, the abutment surface 252 on the transmission lever 248 avoids contacting the abutment surface 254 of the actuating lever 256. The latch 210 will unlatch only after the outside door handle is released, to return the transmission linkage back to the rest position shown in
In this embodiment, the slot 360 has a U-shaped configuration with substantially parallel, spaced linear slot portions 360a and 362 joined by a transverse slot portion 360b. As such, the slot configuration is similar to the slot configuration of the first embodiment except that the transverse portion 360b is angled toward the linear slot portion 362 to encourage the projection 358 on the transmission lever 348 to enter the linear slot portion 362 if the transmission lever 348 pivots from its rest position. However, in this embodiment, the pawl and catch mechanism of the first embodiment is dispensed with. Note that the fourth and fifth embodiments also eliminate a separate inertia body in the latch and use the transmission lever itself to act as the inertia device.
Thus, if an impact occurs to a vehicle on which a latch of this embodiment is fitted, the transmission lever 348 pivots clockwise in the transverse portion 360b of the slot as shown in
Once the acceleration has ceased, the release lever 314 returns to its normal rest position, freeing the projection 358 and allowing the transmission lever 348 to pivot counter-clockwise back to the rest position shown in
A fifth embodiment of the present invention is shown in
The car 501 includes a battery 504 and an emergency power source 505, either of which may power a controller 503, such as a microprocessor controller, via a resistor 506. The battery 504 and the emergency power source 505 are also capable of powering a motor 502 of the latch 511 via a power circuit 508 and transistor 507 to lift the pawl 597 and thus release a latch bolt (not shown) of the latch.
The controller 503 is connected to a transistor or relay 507 by a signal path 521. The controller 503 determines the locked state of the latch in response to inputs from, for example, remote keyless entry devices, key barrels, or door sill buttons (not shown).
Where the signal path 521 passes through the door, a normally open switch 520 is connected to the door outside handles so that pulling on the handle closes the switch 520.
The signal path 521 further includes an accelerometer-type switch 548 that is normally closed, but which opens when the vehicle is subjected to a transverse acceleration above a predetermined threshold value. The accelerometer 548 may be in the form of a ball-in-tube type device or any other known suitable means of breaking an electrical circuit in response to acceleration above a predetermined level. The accelerometer 548 acts as the inertia body in this embodiment.
As illustrated in
In operation, when an impact occurs, the accelerometer, which is normally closed, opens and breaks the signals circuit 521, thus preventing a “high” signal from reaching a relay 507. This prevents the motor 502 from being powered to lift the pawl 597 and release the latch (regardless of the locked condition of latch 511). Once the acceleration ceases, the accelerometer 548 returns to its normally closed position, thus enabling the latch 511 to be released by operation of the outside handle (if unlocked).
While this electrical operation has been described in described in relation to the outside door handle, a similar signal path including an accelerometer may be provided for the signaling of electrical power release from an inside handle.
Where the latch is power unlatched under normal circumstances, but is provided with a mechanical release facility for back-up in the event of an electrical malfunction, the inertia locking system of the sixth embodiment may be combined with one of the mechanical inertia locking mechanisms of any of the first to the fifth embodiments to ensure that unwanted unlatching may not occur either electrically or mechanically in the event of an impact.
It should be appreciated that the various orientations and directions used to describe the position of various components and the movement of components are for ease of reference only. In practice, the latch may be installed in a number of different positions provided the orientation ensures that acceleration or deceleration will result in the latch operating as described above. As such, the terms used in this disclosure should not be construed as limiting.
It will be appreciated that numerous changes may be made within the scope of the present invention. For example, the person skilled in the art will appreciate that numerous alternative configurations of components may be used to achieve a break or freewheel in the transmission path that is subsequently resettable. The inertia of the transmission lever or the separate inertia device (e.g., the inertia body 170) may be adjusted by altering the mass or length of the lever arm. Interchangeable masses may be attached to the transmission lever or inertia body to achieve this. Additionally, components may be provided to block rather than break the transmission pat to interrupt the path. Furthermore, a similar arrangement may be used to provide such a block or break in the transmission path from the inside door handle to the latch bolt, although in normal circumstances it is less likely for deformations of the door in an impact to cause unlatching by virtue of the movement of the inside door handle relative to the latch mechanism. In certain circumstances it may not be necessary for the mechanism to be resettable.
It should be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments of the invention described herein may be employed in practicing the invention. It is intended that the following claims define the scope of the invention and that the method and apparatus within the scope of these claims and their equivalents be covered thereby.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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0214817 | Jun 2002 | GB | national |
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20040046400 A1 | Mar 2004 | US |