The invention relates to the field of inertia switches, frequently used in flashing light systems which are assembled as a part of footwear, personal accessories, and other articles of clothing. The wearer of the footwear or other article begins a sequence of flashing lights by moving, for instance, by walking or running. The lights begin flashing in one or more sequences, adding interest and fun to the sport or activity in which the wearer is engaged.
The present invention is directed to inertia or motion switches and the flashing light systems in which such switches may often be used. Flashing light systems typically have a housing or case, a power supply, such as a battery, a control circuit, and one or more lamps. The lamps may be incandescent lamps or may be light-emitting diodes (LEDs), or any other types of lamps. The control circuit may be an integrated circuit or other control device that is used to turn the lamps on and off. A switch is necessary to activate the flashing light system.
Included in the many types of switches used in the prior art are mercury switches, now recognized as dangerous, such as those depicted in U.S. Pat. No. 4,848,009. An inertia switch requiring a hinge, a hinge arm, and a weight may be used, as depicted in U.S. Pat. No. 5,477,435. This switch appears to be useful for activating only one or two LEDs at a time, as opposed to more than one LED, or a series of separated LEDs. Touch switches may be used, requiring a user to press or touch a switch to activate the flashing light system, as demonstrated in U.S. Pat. No. 6,525,487. This type of switch detracts from the enjoyment of the flashing light system, because the user must constantly press the switch in order to begin a flashing sequence. Because of these deficiencies in the prior art, better inertia switches are required. These switches are useful in a variety of applications, including flashing light systems in footwear, flashing light systems that may be assembled into a variety of personal accessories or clothing type items, and used in many other ways.
One aspect of the invention is an inertia switch comprising a first conductive spring and a second, smaller conductive spring held within the first spring. The switch also comprises a first contact connected to the first spring and a second contact connected to the second spring, and an insulating directional regulator having an axial extension for only a portion of its circumference, the insulating directional regulator held between the first and second springs. Another aspect of the invention is a method of controlling a flashing light system, the method comprising mounting a first conductive spring inside a second conductive spring, and placing an insulating directional regulator having an axial extension for only a portion of its circumference between the conductive springs to form an inertia switch for a flashing light system. The method also comprises activating the flashing light system by causing motion of at least one spring in the inertia switch.
Another aspect of the invention is an inertia switch comprising a first coil spring having a first diameter and mounted on a first contact and a second coil spring having a second diameter mounted on a second contact, the coil springs each being electrically conductive. The inertia switch also comprises an insulating housing mounting the first and second contacts and separating the first contact and the second contact by a fixed distance, wherein the distance is between the sum of the first and second diameters and one-half the sum of the first and second diameters. Another aspect of the invention is a method of controlling a flashing light system, the method comprising placing a first contact inside a first electrically conductive coil spring, and placing a second contact inside a second electrically conductive coil spring. The method also comprises mounting the first contact and first spring and the second contact and second spring inside an electrically insulating housing, wherein the first contact and second contact are separated by a fixed distance between the sum of the first and second diameters and one-half the sum of the first and second diameters, to form an inertia switch for a flashing light system, and activating the flashing light system by causing motion of at least one spring in the inertia switch.
Another aspect of the invention is an inertia switch comprising an insulating housing, a first contact maintained at a fixed position at a proximal end of the housing, and a conductive leaf spring and a second contact, the second contact maintained at a fixed position at a distal end of the spring within the housing. The inertia switch also comprises a conductive mass mounted on the spring near the first contact, wherein the switch is normally open and is closed by motion of a user flexing the leaf spring, causing the mass to contact the first contact.
Another aspect of the invention is an inertia switch comprising an insulating housing and a first and a second contact mounted side by side in the housing. The inertia switch also comprises a first magnet mounted to the housing, and a second magnet disposed within the housing, the first magnet and the second magnet opposed by a repulsive force between the magnets, wherein the switch is normally open and motion of the user causes the second magnet to move, contacting both contacts and closing the switch. Another aspect of the invention is a method of controlling a flashing light system, the method comprising mounting two conductors side by side in an insulating housing and placing a first magnet and a second magnet in the housing, the first magnet and the second magnet opposed by a repulsive force between the magnets, to form an inertia switch for a flashing light system. The method also comprises closing the inertia switch through motion of a user, causing the first magnet to contact both contacts simultaneously and activate the flashing light system.
Other systems, methods, features, and advantages of the invention will be or will become apparent to one skilled in the art upon examination of the following figures and detailed description. All such additional systems, methods, features, and advantages are intended to be included within this description, within the scope of the invention, and protected by the accompanying claims.
Flashing light systems are used in footwear and other articles of clothing to add sparkle and interest, to enhance safety of the user, and to make physical activity fun. These activities may include walking, running, dancing or other sports. While shoes and footwear are the most popular applications for flashing light systems, such systems may also be used in other articles of clothing or accessories worn by people. These may include belts, back-packs, vests, safety-vests, hair clasps, hair clips, and the like.
Flashing light systems are typically actuated by a switch, such as a touch switch, a toggle switch, or an inertia switch. A flashing light system 10 is depicted in
The flashing light system depicted in
A more complex circuit for a flashing light system is depicted in
The triggering circuit 42 (in dashed lines) includes switches 21, 22, primary control transistor 47, capacitor 42a and resistor 42b. The emitter of primary control transistor 47 connects to the positive terminal of battery 12, while the collector of primary control transistor 47 is connected to resistor 48. As the voltage across resistor 48 and capacitor 42a rises, flash driver 43 receives a signal from triggering circuit 42 and generates output signals to the pulse generating circuit 41 through its outputs OUT1, OUT2 and OUT3. Decade counter 28 enables secondary control transistors 31, 33, 35, each turning on an LED, and enabling them to flash in desired patterns or sequences. Flash driver 43 or system 20 may also include a memory for storing patterns of flashing. Primary control transistor 39 acts as a switch, connected with its collector to the emitters of the LEDs 18 and with its emitter to the negative terminal of the power supply 12. Control resistor 37 limits the voltage to the gate of transistor 39 from pulse-generating circuit 41.
The other voltages from power supply 51 are also routed to other voltage supply transistors 54b. The voltages available from the collectors of supply transistors 54b are thus 3V, 4.5V and 6V, less a small voltage drop across the transistors themselves. Thus, the voltages at pins V1, V2, V3 and V4, in one example of this embodiment, are 3V, 3V, 4.5V and 6V. Other voltages may be used, with V2 and V3 preferably being different voltages.
The supply transistors 54b are controlled by control transistors 54a, connected to decade counter 54 through control resistors 54c, as shown. Power is routed from the upper V1–V4 pins connected to decade counter 54 to lower V1–V4 pins connected to the decade counter 53. Connections may be made by traces on a printed circuit board, or any other convenient method.
The system 30 is controlled by a switch 21, which may be an inertia switch, or may be a touch switch or a toggle switch, or other suitable switch. Switch 21 completes a circuit with primary gate or primary control transistor 57a through resistor 55. There is also a control circuit 56 with a capacitor 56a and a resistor 56b. Decade counter 53 receives voltage V1 at pin 16 and is otherwise connected as shown in
A user activates switch 21 and the flashing light system either by touching a touch switch, or activating an inertia switch, for instance, by walking or running. The control circuit 56 is then activated by charging capacitor 56a and turning on primary gate or primary control transistor 57a. Decade counters 53 and 54 are activated, and at least one LED will light up for a period of time until capacitor 56a is discharged. Decade counter 54 will turn on transistor 57b, while decade counter 53 will turn on secondary control transistors or gates 53a, 53b and 53c to flash LEDs 59a and 59b. In this example, it will be understood that more LEDs may also be connected, some with more than one power level such as LED 59a, and some LEDs may be connected only to a single power level, as shown with LED 59b. The system may then cause the LEDs to flash in a sequence. The LEDs may receive a greater voltage and illuminate more brightly, or a lesser voltage and illuminate less brightly. Of course, some LEDs may be designed for a higher voltage and used in the circuit depicted in
An improved inertia switch with magnets may be used in the flashing light systems described above.
Another embodiment of an inertia switch 50 is depicted in
Another inertia spring switch is depicted in
Contacts 93a, 94a protrude through slots 92a in cap 92 and are soldered or otherwise assembled to a flashing light system to act as an inertia switch for the system.
Another embodiment of an inertia switch uses a double-spring arrangement, as depicted in
The springs and rods are assembled side-by-side in the housing, as shown in an end cross-section of a slightly different embodiment in
It has been found therefore, that the switch works better if the springs are separated in the housing by a distance greater than one diameter but less than two diameters. In a preferred embodiment, the springs are about 2 mm (0.08 inches) diameter and are separated by a little more than 2 mm (0.08 inches). If the springs are of different diameters, then the minimum separation is just more than one-half the sum of the two diameters, so that in the steady state the springs are not in contact; the maximum separation is just less than the sum of the two diameters. With these distances, coils can be brought into contact with vigorous shaking of the switch, caused by vigorous motion or movement by a person wearing shoes or another article into which the flashing light system and inertia switch is assembled.
While this embodiment features contacts 104a, 105a at opposite ends of the switch, other embodiments may also use two springs and rods, wherein the contacts are on the same side or end of the switch. Other designs may forego the use of springs in favor of thin solid or perforated cylinders of metal. Because the springs need only jostle and bounce as a whole, rather than bend or flex, cylinders will perform well in the application, as an insubstantial difference from the coil springs described above. All such designs are equivalents to the embodiment of
Another double-spring inertia switch 120 is depicted in
A closer view of directional regulator 125 is seen in
A partial cross-section of an assembled switch 120 is depicted in
In
The touching of the two springs is thus controlled in several ways: the diameters of the springs, especially the large spring, the clearance between the outside of the spring and the top or bottom of the housing, as well as the length (left and right in
Inertia switch 120 is thus seen to have several variables which may be used to regulate contact between the springs, including the diameter and length of the springs, relative to one another and to the size and proportion of the directional regulator. Another way to control the contact is to rotate the regulator. So long as the circumferential extension is somewhat less than 360 degrees, switch 120 can thus be sensitive to the angular orientation of the regulator. Switch 120 is thus a directional sensing switch, with the switch sensitive to movement of at least one spring in the direction opposite to the orientation of an extension of regulator 125.
In addition to designing the orientation of the regulator, the thickness in one or more areas of the regulator, and the height of the shelf in the housing, may all be used to regulate the performance of inertia switch 120. The thickness of the regular may thus be used to control the radial separation of the springs from one another. In addition, the flexural stiffness and length of the springs in comparison to the regulator will determine the relative sensitivity of switch 120. Yet another way is to control the distance of both the larger and smaller spring from the housing and the closure. Yet another way is to control the distance either or both springs extend from the support shelf 121a of the regulator, if any. Either spring may thus be designed to have a greater freedom of movement or a lesser freedom of movement, to spring about to a greater or a lesser extent as a user moves and walks.
There are many applications for illuminating systems using inertia switches as described above. Such illuminating systems may be used on a variety of personal clothing and accessories.
Other accessories which may desirably employ embodiments of a flashing light system include the hairpiece of
The above descriptions demonstrate that the new inertia switches may take on a variety of forms. The switches may be made in many configurations, allowing a designer freedom in designing and configuring the switches. The switches may be manufactured and installed to take advantage of directional sensitivity, and may also be assembled with a variety of techniques. These inertia switches are small and may be designed for the amount of current or voltage carrying capacity needed by selecting appropriate materials and thicknesses for current or voltage paths. These switches thus enable better flashing light systems, adding to the interest, fun, and safety of physical activity and exercise when using footwear or other personal accessories with flashing light systems.
It is intended that the foregoing detailed description be regarded as illustrative rather than limiting, and that it be understood that it is the following claims, including all equivalents, that are intended to define the spirit and scope of this invention. Any of the several improvements may be used in combination with other features, whether or not explicitly described as such. Other embodiments are possible within the scope of this invention and will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. For instance, while some circuits have been described using single-color LEDs, bi-color or tri-color LEDs may also be used. While many of the circuits are useful in flashing light systems with a single battery or voltage source, more than one battery may be used, such as two or even three batteries, acting alone as voltage sources or connected in series for a higher voltage. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific details, representative embodiments, and illustrated examples in this description. Accordingly, the invention is not to be restricted except in light as necessitated by the accompanying claims and their equivalents.
Number | Name | Date | Kind |
---|---|---|---|
1597823 | Randolph | Aug 1926 | A |
1933243 | Merolis et al. | Oct 1933 | A |
2572760 | Rikelman | Oct 1951 | A |
2634407 | Johnson | Apr 1953 | A |
2671209 | Habib | Mar 1954 | A |
2671847 | Lerch | Mar 1954 | A |
2816284 | Campanell | Dec 1957 | A |
2849819 | Murphy et al. | Sep 1958 | A |
2931893 | Arias et al. | Apr 1960 | A |
2959892 | Johnson | Nov 1960 | A |
2976622 | Shearouse | Mar 1961 | A |
3008038 | Dickens et al. | Nov 1961 | A |
3053949 | Johnson | Sep 1962 | A |
3070907 | Rocco | Jan 1963 | A |
3564232 | Ellerbe | Feb 1971 | A |
3731022 | Loftus | May 1973 | A |
3800133 | Duval | Mar 1974 | A |
3893247 | Dana, III | Jul 1975 | A |
3946505 | Dana, III | Mar 1976 | A |
4014115 | Reichert | Mar 1977 | A |
4020572 | Chiaramonte, Jr. | May 1977 | A |
4128861 | Pelengaris | Dec 1978 | A |
4130951 | Powell | Dec 1978 | A |
4158922 | Dana, III | Jun 1979 | A |
4231079 | Heminover | Oct 1980 | A |
4253253 | McCormick | Mar 1981 | A |
4298917 | Ware | Nov 1981 | A |
4308572 | Davidson et al. | Dec 1981 | A |
4329549 | Breed | May 1982 | A |
4350853 | Ganyard | Sep 1982 | A |
4412205 | Von Kemenczky | Oct 1983 | A |
4450326 | Ledger | May 1984 | A |
4459645 | Glatter | Jul 1984 | A |
4588387 | Swenson | May 1986 | A |
4639563 | Gunther | Jan 1987 | A |
4701146 | Swenson | Oct 1987 | A |
4800469 | Leon | Jan 1989 | A |
4848009 | Rodgers | Jul 1989 | A |
4870325 | Kazar | Sep 1989 | A |
4897947 | Kass-Pious | Feb 1990 | A |
4948929 | Fukushima | Aug 1990 | A |
4995294 | Kashio et al. | Feb 1991 | A |
5016144 | DiMaggio | May 1991 | A |
5033212 | Evanyk | Jul 1991 | A |
5052131 | Rondini | Oct 1991 | A |
5113325 | Eisenbraun | May 1992 | A |
5188447 | Chiang et al. | Feb 1993 | A |
5285586 | Goldston et al. | Feb 1994 | A |
5303131 | Wu | Apr 1994 | A |
5303485 | Goldston et al. | Apr 1994 | A |
5313187 | Choi et al. | May 1994 | A |
5343190 | Rodgers | Aug 1994 | A |
5353441 | Lazorchak | Oct 1994 | A |
5357697 | Lin | Oct 1994 | A |
5371662 | Shen-Ko | Dec 1994 | A |
5381615 | MacMillan | Jan 1995 | A |
5393943 | Furukawa et al. | Feb 1995 | A |
5396720 | Hwang et al. | Mar 1995 | A |
5400232 | Wong | Mar 1995 | A |
5406724 | Lin | Apr 1995 | A |
5408764 | Wut | Apr 1995 | A |
5419061 | Barrocas | May 1995 | A |
5422628 | Rodgers | Jun 1995 | A |
5438488 | Dion | Aug 1995 | A |
5438493 | Tseng | Aug 1995 | A |
5455749 | Ferber | Oct 1995 | A |
5456032 | Matsumoto et al. | Oct 1995 | A |
5457900 | Roy | Oct 1995 | A |
5461188 | Drago et al. | Oct 1995 | A |
5463260 | Ono | Oct 1995 | A |
5463537 | Trattner et al. | Oct 1995 | A |
5465197 | Chien | Nov 1995 | A |
5477435 | Rapisarda | Dec 1995 | A |
5477437 | Lach | Dec 1995 | A |
5483759 | Silverman | Jan 1996 | A |
5485358 | Chien | Jan 1996 | A |
5490338 | Hwang et al. | Feb 1996 | A |
5495136 | Chiang et al. | Feb 1996 | A |
5495682 | Chen | Mar 1996 | A |
5500635 | Mott | Mar 1996 | A |
5508899 | McCormick | Apr 1996 | A |
5546681 | Goldston et al. | Aug 1996 | A |
5550721 | Rapisarda | Aug 1996 | A |
5566479 | Gray et al. | Oct 1996 | A |
5575554 | Guritz | Nov 1996 | A |
5577828 | Nadel et al. | Nov 1996 | A |
5599088 | Chien | Feb 1997 | A |
5604999 | Barker | Feb 1997 | A |
5614700 | Moss et al. | Mar 1997 | A |
5644858 | Bemis | Jul 1997 | A |
5663614 | Weng et al. | Sep 1997 | A |
5664665 | Kobayashi et al. | Sep 1997 | A |
5683164 | Chien | Nov 1997 | A |
5709464 | Tseng | Jan 1998 | A |
5732486 | Rapisarda | Mar 1998 | A |
5746499 | Ratcliffe et al. | May 1998 | A |
5746500 | Chien | May 1998 | A |
5754064 | Chien | May 1998 | A |
5758946 | Chen | Jun 1998 | A |
5786553 | Zakutin | Jul 1998 | A |
5789716 | Wang | Aug 1998 | A |
5812063 | Weng et al. | Sep 1998 | A |
5813148 | Guerra | Sep 1998 | A |
5866987 | Wut | Feb 1999 | A |
5877664 | Jackson, Jr. | Mar 1999 | A |
5883347 | Malesko et al. | Mar 1999 | A |
5892193 | Norton | Apr 1999 | A |
5894201 | Wong | Apr 1999 | A |
5903103 | Garner | May 1999 | A |
5932975 | Wut | Aug 1999 | A |
5934784 | Dion | Aug 1999 | A |
5955712 | Zakutin | Sep 1999 | A |
5969311 | Mader | Oct 1999 | A |
5969479 | Wong | Oct 1999 | A |
6012822 | Robinson | Jan 2000 | A |
6060673 | Jackman | May 2000 | A |
6065851 | So | May 2000 | A |
6104140 | Wut et al. | Aug 2000 | A |
6130593 | Van Zeeland | Oct 2000 | A |
6145999 | Van Derlande | Nov 2000 | A |
6164794 | Rodgers | Dec 2000 | A |
RE37220 | Rapisarda et al. | Jun 2001 | E |
6280045 | Anteby et al. | Aug 2001 | B1 |
6334692 | Hsueh | Jan 2002 | B1 |
6335498 | James et al. | Jan 2002 | B1 |
6348766 | Ohishi et al. | Feb 2002 | B1 |
6354712 | Anteby | Mar 2002 | B1 |
6360615 | Smela | Mar 2002 | B1 |
6408545 | Song | Jun 2002 | B1 |
6525487 | Wei | Feb 2003 | B2 |
6619812 | Rapisarda | Sep 2003 | B2 |
20030137852 | Rapisarda | Jul 2003 | A1 |
Number | Date | Country |
---|---|---|
2094892 | Feb 1992 | CN |
2148388 | Dec 1993 | CN |
2196897 | May 1995 | CN |
0 121 026 | Oct 1984 | EP |
0 335 467 | Oct 1989 | EP |
0 773 529 | May 1997 | EP |
1 519 388 | Jul 1978 | GB |
2 361 624 | Oct 2001 | GB |
54-133766 | Oct 1979 | JP |
55-80376 | Jun 1980 | JP |
5-21188 | Jan 1993 | JP |
10232635 | Sep 1998 | JP |
2000182402 | Jun 2000 | JP |
WO 9311681 | Jun 1993 | WO |
Number | Date | Country | |
---|---|---|---|
20050011737 A1 | Jan 2005 | US |