This application is based upon and claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-069154 filed in Japan on Mar. 18, 2008, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to an information processing apparatus, information processing method and a computer readable medium for designing a GUI.
2. Description of the Related Art
In recent years, the GUI (Graphical User Interface) has become increasingly prevalent. In a GUI, graphics are heavily used to present information to a user such that the user can perform fundamental operations with only a pointing device.
The elements which constitute a GUI are created electronically. Thus, in order to create these elements, programming skill as well software tools, etc. are required. For this reason, quick development of the GUI is difficult.
On the other hand, in the initial stage of design and development of a GUI, an experimenter usually wants to only evaluate fundamental operations of a GUI. However, since the appearance of even initial GUI contents created electronically is good, the experimenter's mind is apt to focus on details of the graphic design instead of the fundamental issues which are important for the experimenter to review. Such details of the graphic design include the size of a font, the use of color of each part article, etc., which draw the attention of the experimenter.
Thus, in order reduce distraction paper prototyping is used in the initial stage in design and development of a GUI (for example, non-patenting reference 1 reference).
Specifically, before designing the GUI, paper prototyping is used to simulate the workflow of the GUI by producing hand-drawn GUI drawings for each scene created by user action. This type of usability test takes into account opinions of users and evaluates whether the specifications of the GUI are suitable before creation. Thus, mistakes of the design and correction of faults can be easily performed in the initial hand-drawn GUI stage before extensive programming begins which could be more difficult to correct. For this reason, the paper prototyping has the advantage of reduced development cost.
[Non-patenting reference 1] The “paper prototyping” Carolyn Snyder (work), Masaaki Kurosu(translation) Ohm-Sha Ltd.
However, the paper prototyping mentioned above has the problem that the substitution of the GUI drawings in the experiment is complicated. That is, although the GUI drawings for every scene can be easily created by hand-drawn work, it requires a great burden for an experimenter.
It is an object of the present invention to at least partially solve the problems in the conventional technology.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an information processing apparatus comprising an image acquiring block that acquires drawing images which are images on a plurality of pages of drawings prepared for every scene, an image storage that stores therein the respective drawing images, a thumbnail image producer that produces thumbnail images by reducing in sizes the respective drawing images, a list producer that produces a thumbnail list in which the respective thumbnail images are arranged respectively, a thumbnail outputting block that outputs the thumbnail list, an entered-information extractor that extracts entered information entered to the thumbnail list, an information recognizing block that recognizes, from the added information, both area positions defined in the thumbnail list and the thumbnail images linked from the area positions; and an information manager that manages both the recognized area positions and the thumbnail images linked from the area positions.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an information processing method comprising, an image acquiring that acquires drawing images which are images on a plurality of pages of drawings prepared for every scene, an image storing that stores therein the respective drawing images, a thumbnail image producing that produces thumbnail images by reducing in sizes the respective drawing images, a list producing that produces a thumbnail list in which the respective thumbnail images are arranged respectively, a thumbnail outputting that outputs the thumbnail list, an entered-information extracting that extracts entered information entered to the thumbnail list, an information recognizing that recognizes, from the added information, both area positions defined in the thumbnail list and the thumbnail images linked from the area positions; and an information managing that manages both the recognized area positions and the thumbnail images linked from the area positions.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer program product including computer program codes stored on a computer-readable recording medium which when executed on a computer cause the computer to execute the image processing method.
The above and other objects, features, advantages and technical and industrial significance of this invention will be better understood by reading the following detailed description of presently preferred embodiments of the invention, when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be explained below in detail with reference to accompanying drawings.
Digital document data created by computer 1 is transmitted to the printer 3 via the network 2. The digital document data is printed out by the printer 3. Moreover, the digital document data read via the scanner is transmitted to the computer 1 via the network 2.
Moreover, the computer 1 includes a bus controller 22 which controls data communication among the above components.
Various storage media may be used as the removable medium 16. The storage media includes a magnetic storage medium, such as a flexible disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape; a magneto-optical storage medium, such as an magneto-optical disc (MO); an optical storage medium, such as a compact disk (CD), a compact-disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), a compact-disk recordable (CD-R), a compact-disk rewritable (CR-RW), a digital-versatile-disk read-only memory (DVD-ROM), a digital-versatile-disk recordable (DVD-R), a digital-versatile-disk random-access memory (DVD-RAM), a digital-versatile-disk rewritable (DVD-RW), and a digital-versatile-disk rewritable (DVD-RW), and a semiconductor memory.
In data transmission, data is transmitted to the network interface 18 and the network interface 18 outputs a signal to the network 2. The network interface 18 judges whether the data received by the network interface 18 is necessary. Further, the network interface 18 captures the data if the data is necessary, and discards the data if the data is unnecessary. Transmission and reception of all data received from the network 2 is performed through the network interface 18.
In general, when a viewer turns on the power to the computer 1, the CPU 2 starts a program called a loader included in the BIOS in the ROM 3, which loads an operating system (OS) for managing hardware and software of the computer 1 into the RAM 14 from the HDD 15. Once the OS is started, the OS supports start of an application program which reads and stores information according to operation by the user. Windows (trademark of Microsoft Corporation) or UNIX (trademark of X/Open, Inc.) are representative examples of such an OS. An application program operates on the OS. The application program is not limited to an application program operating on a predetermined OS and may be an application program that causes the OS to execute a part of processing, or may be an application program included as a part of a group of program files constituting predetermined application software, OS, or the like.
In general, when the application program is to be installed, the application program is first recorded on the removable medium 16 and from there is installed in the HDD 15. Therefore, the removable medium 16 can be a recording medium that stores the application program. The application program may also be first obtained from an external source via, for example, the network interface 18 and then installed in the HDD 15.
In the computer 1, when the application program begins operating on the OS, the CPU 12 executes various kinds of arithmetic processing to centrally control the respective units according to the application program.
Hereinafter, of various kinds of calculation processing executed by the CPU 12 in the computer 1, characteristic processing according to the present embodiment will now be described.
In general, in an embodiment of the invention, the described characteristic possessing relates to paper prototyping in designing and developing a GUI. In this processing, two or more pages of GUI drawings, which were prepared for a scene and scanned by a scanner 4, are reduced in their sizes and produced as thumbnail pictures. Then, a thumbnail list sheet 100 shown in
Thumbnail list sheet 100, shown in
A storage such as the HDD 15 of the computer 1 stores, as application programs, a thumbnail list sheet creation program, a link setting program, and a drawing display program. Hence, when the thumbnail list sheet creation program, the link setting program, and the drawing display program, which are all operable on an operating system, are activated, the CPU 2 controls each necessary part of the apparatus based on these programs so as to execute a thumbnail list sheet creation process, a link setting process, and a drawing display process.
[Thumbnail List Sheet Creation Process]
The thumbnail list sheet creation process will now be described. As shown in
The image acquiring block 31 receives two or more pages of GUI drawings scanned by the scanner 4, and, thereby, acquires the pictures of the GUI drawings.
The image storage 32, which is disposed within a memory device such as a HDD 15 or a RAM 14, is used to store the images of GUI drawings scanned by the image acquiring block 31.
The thumbnail image producer 33 produces thumbnail images by reducing the images of each of the plurality of pages of GUI drawings scanned.
The list producer 34 produces a thumbnail list, in which the thumbnail images of the several sheets are arranged. The thumbnail list is produced in N-variations, each variation including, as a central element, a thumbnail image produced from an image of one of the GUI drawings.
However, it is not required that the thumbnail images of all GUI drawings scanned by the image acquiring block 31 are listed in the thumbnail list. Instead it is also possible that only select thumbnail images of GUI drawings are listed.
The layout information producer 35 produces N-variations of the layout information indicating, for each GUI drawing, where each page is arranged and at which position in the thumbnail list produced by the list producer 34.
The layout information storage 36, which is disposed within a memory device such as a HDD 15 or a RAM 14, is used to store layout information produced by the layout information producer 35.
The thumbnail outputting block 37 outputs information indicative of the thumbnail list to the printer 3, so that the printer 3 is able to print the thumbnail list sheet 100 shown in
In the thumbnail list sheet 100 shown in
In addition, as shown in
The thumbnail outputting block 37 also allows the printer 3 to further print additional thumbnail list sheets, in each of which, the GUI drawing at each of the second to N-th pages is arranged at a central part of each sheet.
As shown in
After this, as shown in
[Link Setting Process]
A process for setting the link will now be described. As shown in
The added-information extractor 41 reads in, via the scanner 4, the thumbnail list sheet 100 onto which is included the necessary addition of information (i.e., area information and link information, which will be described later). This extractor 41 then calculates a difference between the newly read-in information and the layout information currently stored in the layout information storage 36, which is determined using the code symbol 200 found on the thumbnail list sheet 100. Specifically this determined layout information indicates arrangement correspondence between the respective positional parts of the thumbnail list and the GUI drawings for each of the plural pages. Calculating the difference makes it possible to extract any new information (i.e., area information and link information) added to the thumbnail list sheet 100.
The information recognizing block 42 recognizes, from the information extracted by the added-information extractor 41, both area positions (i.e., area information) defined for the respective pages and the thumbnail images (i.e., link information) linked from the area positions. As shown in
In addition, on the assumption that, as shown in
The information manager 43, which is formed out of the HDD 15, RAM 14, or others, manages the area information and the link information, which are the area positions and the pages linked from the area positions, which are recognized by the information recognizing block 42.
As described, the area information and the link information are recognized on the basis of the assumption that the area information and the link information are depicted on the thumbnail images of the GUI drawings arranged at the specific in-page positions. As a result, similarly to a case where those pieces of information are defined on one sheet, it is possible to treat the area information and the link information which are defined on the plurality of thumbnail list sheets 100 in a partitioned manner.
[Drawing Display Process]
A process for displaying drawings will now be described. As shown in
The drawing display block 51 enables the display 19 to display the GUI drawing at the first page, which is stored in the image storage 32.
The instruction receiving block 52 responds to an operator's input action performed with the input device such as the keyboard 20, the mouse 21 or other input device. In response to such an action, the instruction receiving block 52 receives information showing a specific location on the GUI drawing which is now displayed by the display 19.
When the instruction receiving block 52 receives the information showing the specific location on the GUI drawing, the link acquiring block 53 determines whether or not the specific location is managed as the area information by the information manager 43. When the specific location is managed, the link acquiring block 53 acquires from the information manger 43 a linked destination which corresponds to the area information.
The display changing block 54 changes displayed contents of the display 19 to the GUI drawing according to a thumbnail image to be linked, which is acquired by the link acquiring block 53.
For example, in an example shown in
In this way, it is possible to provide electronic contents in an interactive manner, in which the display screen is switched automatically in response to operator's selections on the apparatus.
According to the present embodiment, drawing images, which are images of a plurality of pages of drawings prepared for every scene, are acquired and stored in the image storage. In addition, respective drawing image are reduced in their sizes to produce thumbnail images, and a thumbnail list is produced in which the thumbnail images are arranged. When information is added to this thumbnail list, added information is extracted, and the extracted added information is used to recognize both area positions defined in the thumbnail list and thumbnail images linked from the area positions. The recognized results, i.e., the area positions and the thumbnail images are managed by the formation manager. In the state where the display represents the drawing images stored in the image storage, the apparatus receives information indicative of the fact that a specific location on the displayed drawing images is specified. In this case, provided that the specified location corresponds to one of the area positions managed in the information manager, a thumbnail image to be linked from the corresponding area position is acquired from the information manager. Based on the acquired thumbnail image, the displayed contents on the display are changed to the drawing image according to the linked thumbnail image. Hence, the plurality of pages of drawing images, prepared for every scene, can be hand-written images, for example. In this case, thanks to the use of hand writing, the drawing images can be prepared in an easy and quick manner. In addition, hyperlinks can be overlaid on these hand drawn images easily. Accordingly, it is possible to easily produce a prototype of contents which are displayed interactively.
Additionally, in the thumbnail list sheet 100, a plurality of pages of GUI drawings are arranged at the specific positions, such as a central part or an upper part of the sheet. This arrangement makes it easier to realize the links among the pages (that is, among the GUI drawings). Hence it is possible to improve both the visibility during work for adding link information and the accuracy of the area and link information recognized by the information recognizing block 42.
Incidentally, in the present embodiment, the thumbnail list sheet 100 shown in
Hence, confirming the thumbnail list and setting the area and link information can be realized on the computer 1.
The present invention is not limited to the specifically disclosed embodiments, and variations and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2008-069154 | Mar 2008 | JP | national |