Patent Application
20080002531
A general architecture that implements the various feature of the invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. The drawings and the associated descriptions are provided to illustrate embodiments of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
Various embodiments according to the invention will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. In general, according to one embodiment of the invention, an information recording apparatus comprising: a head unit which records data and detects a reflected light by irradiating a laser light onto a recording medium having a recorded area, an unrecorded area, and a management area; and a control unit which controls the head unit so that pattern data is recorded in the unrecorded area of the recording medium to perform finalizing process onto the recording medium, the finalizing process is interrupted in accordance with an interrupting instruction, and an interrupted position of the finalizing process is recorded in management information of the recording medium.
One embodiment of the present invention provides an information processing apparatus and an information processing method capable of performing interruption and resumption of finalizing process arbitrarily.
One embodiment of the present invention is an information recording apparatus including: a head unit (21) which records data and detects a reflected light by irradiating a laser light onto a recording medium (10) having a recorded area (R), an unrecorded area (T, m), and a management area (RMD); and a control unit (29) which controls the head unit so that pattern data is recorded onto the unrecorded area of the recording medium to perform finalizing process onto the recording medium, the finalizing process is interrupted in accordance with an interrupting instruction, and an interrupted position of the finalizing process is recorded into management information of the recording medium.
Accordingly, it is possible to arbitrarily interrupt and resume relatively time-consuming finalizing process. Further, because interruption information is stored in a disk, it is possible to complete the remaining finalizing process onto the disk on which finalizing process has been once interrupted with another recorder.
Hereinafter, embodiments of an information recording medium, an information recording apparatus, and an information recording method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<Optical Disk Recording/Reproducing System>
The information recording/reproducing system shown in
A device 16 such as an optical disk recorder or player has the optical disk apparatus 12 and the host unit 14 incorporated therein as shown in
On the other hand, in a system such as a personal computer, a personal computer serves as the host 14 as shown in
(Optical Disk Apparatus)
A method for reading recorded data and demodulating address signals etc. at that time in the RF signal processing circuit 27 and the address signal processing circuit 28 includes a slicing method and an partial response maximum likelihood (PRML) method. The optical disk apparatus 12 selects an optimum demodulation method in accordance with a size of a condensed beam spot formed by the optical disk D serving as an object for recording/reproducing and the PUH actuator 21. Examples of the slicing method include a method for binarizing the signal after performing linear waveform equalization onto a reproduction signal, and a method for binarizing a reproduction signal after equalizing the signal by a nonlinear equalizer called a limit equalizer which limits low-pass high amplitude components of a reproduction signal to a constant value.
As an PRML method as well, an optimum PR class, for example, PR(1, 2, 2, 21), PR(1, 2, 1), PR(1, 2, 2, 1), PR(3, 4, 4, 3), or the like is selected in response to a frequency characteristic of a reproduction signal. The address signal processing circuit 28 processes a detected signal to read physical address data denoting a recording position on the optical disk D and outputs the data to a controller 29. The controller 29 reads data such as user data at a desired position, or records data at a desired position on the basis of the address data. At that time, the data is converted into a recording waveform control signal suitable for recording onto an optical disk in the recording signal processing circuit 36. Based on the signal, an LD driving circuit (LDD) 25 causes a laser diode (LD) in the optical head 22 to emit light, so that the information is recorded on the optical disk D.
Further, a wavelength of the laser diode in the present embodiment is 405±15 nm. An NA value of an objective lens used for condensing light of the above-described wavelength onto the optical disk D in the optical head 22 is 0.65. Here, assume that the central intensity is “1” as an intensity distribution of incident radiation immediately before the incidence into the objective lens. In this case, the relative intensity in the vicinity of the objective lens (at the boarder position of the opening) is called “RIM Intensity”. Values of RIM Intensity in an HD DVD format are set to be 55 to 70%. An amount of wavefront aberration in the optical head 22 is optically designed so as to be 0.33 λ (0.33 λ or less) at a maximum with respect to a usable light wavelength λ.
<Optical Disk>
Next, the optical disk D which is handled by the information recording apparatus according to the invention will be hereinafter described in detail.
(Formatting of Optical Disk)
Here, CLV as a rotation control method is an abbreviation for a Constant linear velocity, and means a rotation control method in which a linear velocity is kept constant. ETM (Eight to Twelve modulation) is one of modulation methods, and intended to record signals such that data are converted into channel bits of 12-bit to which redundancy is provided every information bits of 8-bit. Providing redundancy in this way has spectacularly improved the reliability of recording/reproducing of information as compared with a case in which information bits are directly recorded onto the optical disk D.
(Layout of Information Areas)
The configuration of the areas in the layer is divided into a burst cutting area (BCA), a system lead-in or system lead-out area, a data lead-in or data lead-out area, a data area, and a middle area in order of the inner-peripheral side.
A BCA mark is recorded in advance into the BCA area in accordance with grooves of the substrate, separation of the reflection film, and changes in the recording medium. The BCA mark is a comb mark in which same information is arrayed radially, the mark being modulated in a circumferential direction of the optical disk D. A BCA code is modulated by an RZ modulation method to be recorded. It is necessary for a pulse with a narrow pulse width (=with a low reflectance) to be narrower than the half of a channel clock width of the modulated BCA code. Because the BCA mark has a same shape radially, there is no need to apply tracking thereto, which makes it possible to reproduce information by merely focusing thereon.
Information is recorded with embossed pits in the system lead-in or system lead-out area. The information is management information of the optical disk D such as identification information of a disk and a capacity of a data area. Further, a shortest mark length of the embossed pits in this area is a value double that in the data area. As a result, there is the feature that a normal data area is reproduced by using a PRML method, while in a system lead-in or system lead-out area, not only information can be demodulated even by using a slicing method, but also the reliability of reading of information is improved. Management information fundamental for reading information of the disk, information on copyright management, and the like are recorded in the system lead-in or system lead-out area. For this reason, it is important to improve the reliability of reading of information in the system lead-in or system lead-out area.
Next, grooves serving as races are formed in the recordable management zone in the same way as in the data area. Signals are recorded in this area at the same density as that in the data area. In the area arranged are a trial writing zone, a management zone for grasping a recording state of the data area, a tracking overrun zone for DPD tracking, a guard zone for keeping an interlayer crosstalk amount constant, and the like.
Data such as video data and user data are recorded in the data area.
(Interlayer Crosstalk)
Next, interlayer crosstalk of the optical disk D of the invention will be described. In the two-layer disk according to the invention, as shown in
The optical disk D according to the invention has a feature that providing clearances (recording-inhibited areas) as shown in
At that time, a recordable range in the layer 1 is a range in which the clearances on the both sides are subtracted from the recorded range in the layer 0. A width of the clearance can be determined by formula (1):
Clearance=Δr+e+Δs (1)
where, Δr is a relative deviation at an actual radial position with respect to the same designed radius of the layer 0 and the layer 1, the deviation occurring due to a manufacturing error etc.; e is an eccentric distance; and As is a radius of a beam spot formed on a layer which is not being reproduced.
(Detailed Layout)
A fifth blank zone Z23, a disk test zone Z22, a drive test zone Z21, and a guard track zone Z20 are arranged from the inside in the data lead-in or data lead-out area in the layer 1.
A blank zone is arranged for the purpose of drawing a boundary and ensuring a clearance, and has no data recorded thereon at all. A guard zone is a zone on which dummy data is recorded for measures against overrun of DPD tracking and interlayer crosstalk. A test zone is a zone on which trial writing for optimizing a recording waveform is performed before management information or user information is recorded on the optical disk D. A management zone and a management data copy zone each are a zone on which management information for managing a state of data in recording is recorded onto a data area.
The test zones Z12 and Z13 in the layer 0 are arranged at positions separated by the clearance (the first blank zone Z1) from the system lead-in or system lead-out area in order to avoid crosstalk at the system lead-in or system lead-out area. The test zones Z3 and Z4 and the management zones Z6 and Z7 in the layer 0 are arranged so as to be close to each other with the narrow blank zone Z5 interposed therebetween, and these areas are provided so as to overlap with the guard zone Z20 in the layer 1. The guard zone Z20 in the layer 1 has a width wider by the clearances at the both sides than a total of the widths of the test zones Z3 and Z4 and the widths of the management zones Z6 and Z7 in the layer 0. On the other hand, the test zones Z21 and Z22 in the layer 1 are provided so as to overlap with the guard zone Z2 in the layer 0, and have widths narrower by the clearances at the both sides than the guard zone Z2 in the layer 0.
Here, the optical disk apparatus 12 uniformly records dummy data onto the guard zone Z2, or retains the guard zone Z2 as is unrecorded regardless of recording of user data. In this way, the optical disk apparatus according to the invention has a feature that it is possible to stably write as a trial and to record management information by keeping a constant state such that the opposite layer overlapped with the test zones Z21 and Z22 and the management zones Z6 and Z7 is always in a recorded state or in an unrecorded state.
Next, the structures of the data areas Z10 and Z19 will be described. Data about a user are stored in the data areas Z10 and Z19, and a recording state of data is managed in units of RZone R. In the case where the user data have not reached the ends of the data areas Z10 and Z19 at the time of finalizing, terminators T are formed in the areas. A terminator T is a data area on which dummy data is to be recorded or has been recorded by finalizing process.
Next, a guard zone Z11, a drive test zone Z12, a disk test zone Z13, and a blank zone Z14 are arranged from the inside in the middle area in the layer 0. Similarly, a guard zone Z18, a drive test zone Z17, a disk test zone Z16, and a blank zone Z15 are arranged from the inside in the middle area in the layer 1.
In the same way as those at the system lead-in or system lead-out area, the guard zone Z2 is arranged in the opposite layer overlapped with the test zones Z21 and Z22, and a width of the guard zone Z2 is wider than the widths obtained by adding the widths of the clearances to the both sides of the test zones.
(Structure of Recorded Data)
The information stored and recorded in the optical disk D according to the invention is handled in units called sectors. A sector is composed of user data and header information, and 1 error correction code (ECC) block is composed of 32 or 16 sectors. User data is usually recorded in units of 1 ECC block.
(Content of Format Data in System Lead-In or System Lead-Out Area)
As a disk structure recorded are the number of layers in the format, information indicating a polarity whether a track goes toward from the inner-peripheral side to the outer-peripheral side, or goes toward the inner-peripheral side in each layer, and information indicating whether the layer is a read-only type, a write-once type, or a rewritable type. The number of the layers used here is not the number of layers possessed by the disk, but the number of layers in the format. Information indicating a density and a track pitch in a direction of tangent line of the disk is recorded as a recording density. Default starting address and ending address of the data area are recorded in the data area structure. Information indicating whether there is a BCA or not is recorded as a BCA identifier. Information indicating a recording speed at which recording onto the disk is possible is recorded as a recordable speed identification data. Further, extension information of a part version is recorded as an extended part version. A maximum linear velocity required for normally reproducing data recorded in the disk is recorded as a maximum playback speed. Types of the disk arranged in the layer 0 and the layer 1 are recorded as layer information.
As mark polarity information recorded is information indicating whether the reflectance of a recording mark is higher or lower than that of an unrecorded portion. When this is 00000000b, the reflectance of the recording mark is higher than that of the unrecorded portion, and when this is 10000000b, the reflectance of the recording mark is lower than that of the unrecorded portion. A standard recording speed is recorded as standard speed information. For example, 6.6 m/s. is recorded in the optical disk D of the embodiment.
Next, a value of rim intensity of the PUH at the time of determining recording waveform data is recorded as rim intensity information. A value of reproducing power required for reproducing the data area is specified as reproducing power information. All actual values of recording speeds to which the disk can respond are recorded as effective recording speed information. The reflectance after recording data onto the data area in the layer 0 is shown as data area reflectance (L).
Here, when the mark polarity information is 00000000b, the reflectance of the marked portion is recorded, and when the mark polarity information is 10000000b, the reflectance of the unmarked (space) portion is recorded. Next, as push-pull signal amplitude information (L) recorded are a value obtained by normalizing a push-pull signal in the layer 0 with a sum signal, and track information indicating a track to/from which recording/reproducing is performed. When the track information is 0b, signals are recorded/reproduced on grooves, while when the track information is 1b, signals are recorded/reproduced on land. Further, as on-track signal information (L) recorded is a value obtained by standardizing a sum signal level of an unrecorded portion in the data area in the layer 0 with a maximum reflection level in the system lead-in or system lead-out area. The data in the layer 1 are respectively recorded in the bytes from the data area reflectance information (L1) to the on-track signal information (L1).
Next, optimum recording waveform data for the layer 0 and the layer 1 recommended by a disk manufacturer are respectively recorded as recording waveform data (L) and (L1). The information include values such as a value of peak power and a value of bottom power of a recording waveform, and values at starting/ending positions of top, middle and final pulses.
(Contents of Format Information in Recordable Management Zone)
(Management Area)
In the recording management data copy zone, a copy of recording management data to be recorded in the recording management zone is recorded, for example, in the case where the management zone is extended or finalized, or the case where a disk is ejected from the optical disk apparatus 12. In the recording management zone, recording management data (RMD) denoting a recording state of the data area are sequentially recorded for each block or as one set of several blocks every time the content of data is changed. Because it is impossible to overwrite data onto a write-once type disk, data are successively written additionally on the following blank blocks every time the important content of the recording management data is updated. Accordingly, the data located most posterior is the most recent recording management data.
Information indicating a record format of data of an RMD is recorded as an RMD record format identifier. A state of a disk in definition, for example, as follows is denoted as disk state information. Assume that, for example, the disk is a write-once type. In this case, “00h” is recorded when the disk is in a blank state, “01h” is recorded when the disk has one border, and is in a finalized state, “02h” is recorded when the disk has user data recorded thereon and is finalized, “03h” is recorded when the disk is in a finalized state, and “11h” is recorded when the disk is in a state during formatting or finalizing. In addition, assume that the disk is a write-once type. In this case, the disk is in a blank state when the disk state information is “00h”, the disk has one border and is in a finalized state when the disk state information is “12h” or “22h”, the disk has user data recorded thereon and is not finalized when the disk state information is “13h” or “23h”, and the disk is in a state during formatting or finalizing when the disk state information is “11h” or “21h”.
Here, “h” shows that numeric characters are expressed by hexadecimal numbers.
Next, contents of the test zone layout information will be described. In some cases, a position of a test zone is changed due to extension or shifting. For this reason, a starting physical sector number, an ending physical sector number, or a size of the area of the most recent test zone (inner-peripheral test zone, outer-peripheral test zone, extended test zone) at that point in time is recorded in advance in the bytes thereof.
In Field 1 recorded are information on the optical disk apparatus 12 which has performed recording onto the optical disk D and information on the used test zone, and recording waveform data which can be recorded in a unique format by a drive. Those data are put together every 256 bytes, and are respectively named by #1, #2, and . . . . Although not illustrated, the data exists up to #4, and the remaining bytes are spares. Test zone usable address information are prepared independently with respect to respective areas for an inner-peripheral test zone, an outer-peripheral test zone, and an extended test zone, and are further prepared for each of the layers. Here, a final address in a test zone used for itself is recorded, or in an unused case, address information which has been stored is recorded. With the extended test zone being not extended, zeros are recorded entirely as the extended area usable address.
<Functions Provided to Optical Disk Apparatus/Host>
Next, functions of the optical disk apparatus 12 and the host 14 according to one embodiment of the invention will be described.
The optical disk apparatus 12 has a function of making a reply to the host 14 in accordance with a format determined in advance upon receipt of a command shown in the list of
(Interruptive/Resumption Instruction)
The data is composed of 12 bytes, and byte position 0 shows an operation code indicating the contents of an instruction. Here, the operation code indicates close actions.
An immediate bit indicating whether or not it is necessary to immediately make a reply to the instruction is allocated to the first byte at byte position 1. Here, when the instruction is received in a state that the immediate bit is 1b, the optical disk apparatus 12 makes a reply to the instruction immediately after the instruction even if the processing of the instruction is not completed. In a state that the immediate bit is 0b, the optical disk apparatus 12 makes a reply after the processing is entirely completed.
Identifiers indicating the details of the close actions are allocated to the three bytes at byte position 2. Here, when an identifier is “001b”, the optical disk apparatus 12 closes the RZone R as shown in
In the case where the optical disk apparatus 12 is not in a state of finalizing operation, and receives an instruction whose identifier is “111b”, i.e., an instruction to interrupt finalizing, the optical disk apparatus 12 makes a reply of “error”.
In the embodiment of the invention, exchanging of instructions between the optical disk 12 and the host 14 is made simple and easy by putting instructions to finalize, interrupt, and resume finalizing together into a same category instruction. However, even when operation codes themselves are separated from each other, it is possible to exchange the instructions and reports.
(Disk State Confirming Instruction)
When there is the inquiry of
In a case of an empty state in which no user data is recorded in the disk, both of a state of the last border and a disk state identifier are made to be 00b. In a case where user data is being recorded and the disk is recordable additionally, the both areas are made to be 01b. In a case of a disk on which finalizing has been completed, a state of the last border is made to be 11b, and a disk state identifier is made to be 10b. Moreover, in a case where the disk is in a finalizing-interrupted state, a state of the last border and a disk state identifier are made to be 11b and 11b, or 10b and 10b. Depending on the reply, the host 14 is allowed to know whether or not the disk is in a finalizing-interrupted state, and how much or how long it is necessary to record until the completion of finalizing.
(Method for Confirming Interruption Possible Function)
Although in the drawing, ECC block sizes are defined as units, numbers of physical sectors, times, or ratios may be described. When the optical disk apparatus 12 receives this instruction and has an interrupting function, the optical disk apparatus 12 confirms the state and the recording order of the optical disk D, and counts the number of ECC blocks up to a position where it is possible to interrupt for oneself, and reports a result thereof. The number of ECC blocks until the completion of finalizing is described at the end of the list. In practice, even in a case of a drive without an interrupting function, the number of ECC blocks until the completion of finalizing is described in the list.
In this way, even the optical disk apparatus 12 which does not actually have an interrupting function is capable of making a reply in the same manner as in the apparatus having an interrupting function, which improves the compatibility of the optical disk apparatus 12 from the standpoint of the host 14. In accordance with this instruction, the host 14 is allowed to estimate a recording amount or a time in which it is necessary to record onto the optical disk D at the time of finalizing, or a recording amount to be done until the completion of interruption or a time for recording at the time of executing interruption.
This instruction is expected to be issued in both timings before finalizing and during finalizing. In a case of a timing during finalizing, a currently-padding identifier may be arranged in place of the padding possible identifier in the configuration of
(Interrupted State Confirming Instruction)
In the reply, an error code is allocated to the first one byte, and it is described whether the reply is an error or a deferred error. Further, an error identifier is described in four bits at byte position 2, and a further fine identifier is described as an additional error identifier at byte position 12. Identifiers indicating that dummy data for interruption are in recording are described in these areas in process of interrupting. Further, information depending on an error identifier is shown at byte positions 15 to 17. In process of interrupting, described is a percentage of a recording amount from a current recording position until the completion of interruption when a recording amount of dummy data from a point in time when an instruction of interruption is received until the completion of interruption is defined as 100%.
<Finalizing Process>
Next, one example of finalizing process which is one embodiment of the information recording apparatus and the information recording method according to the invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
(State Transition of Optical Disk)
As shown in
When the recording of user data is completed, and an instruction of finalizing is issued from the host 14, the optical disk 12 starts a finalizing operation. At that time, the state of the disk is made to be in a finalizing state C3. When the finalizing is directly terminated without any problem, the disk is made to be in a finalized state C4.
On the other hand, when an instruction to interrupt finalizing is issued during finalizing, and the optical disk apparatus 12 is in a state that finalizing can be interrupted, the processing for interrupting finalizing is executed, and the disk is made to be in a finalizing-interrupted state C5. When an instruction to resume finalizing is issued, the optical disk apparatus 12 resumes finalizing, and the state of the disk is in the finalizing state C3.
Here, in the recording method according to the invention, a recording state of the disk in the finalizing-interrupted state C5 is limited, and information indicating a recording state is stored in the disk. For this reason, in the four states except for the finalizing state among the five states in
(Specific Procedure of Finalizing)
When the optical disk apparatus 12 records user data onto the optical disk D, the optical disk apparatus 12 records some of the first drive test zone Z3 and the second drive test zone Z12 to perform optimization of the recording conditions before the recording, and subsequently records user data.
When there occurs an event in which a certain amount of user data is recorded, or an RZone R is closed, recording management data are recorded in some of the recording management data copy zone Z6 and the recording management zone Z7.
When the recording of user data is changed over the layer 1, recording onto some of the third drive test zone Z17 and the fourth drive test zone Z21 is performed before the recording of user data onto the layer 1, so that recording conditions are optimized. In order to use those drive test zones Z17 and Z21, it is necessary to pad the first and second guard zones Z2 and Z11 in advance.
Accordingly, in many cases, the first and second guard zones Z2 and Z11 are in a state of being padded during recording data, as shown in
Here, when finalizing is started in the state of
(Method of Interruption)
Next, a method for interrupting finalizing and a state of a disk during interruption will be described. There are three types as interrupting process methods of the optical disk apparatus 12 according to one embodiment of the invention.
A first method is a method for immediately interrupting recording along the way of an area in recording when an instruction of interruption is issued. However, even in that case, recording is interrupted in units of ECC blocks. When interruption is performed in this method, the optical disk apparatus 12 describes a physical sector number PSN at which the interruption has been executed, into the recording management data of the optical disk D. These methods are mainly applied to the terminator T and the drive test zones Z12 and Z17.
A second method is a method for interrupting finalizing after recording onto an area in recording is completed, i.e., after padding is completed when an instruction of interruption is issued. When a reduction in the compatibility between apparatuses can be estimated in the case where recording is interrupted along the way of an area, the recording is terminated at a point in time when the area in recording is completed. At that time, 1b is described into only an area on which recording has been performed into the padding state information of the recording management data. In this way, it is possible to improve the compatibility of the recorded optical disk D. This method is mainly applied to the guard zones Z2, Z11, Z18, and Z20.
A third method is a method for performing interruption after padding to several zones is completed, or for performing finalizing through to completion when an instruction of interruption is issued. This method is used in, for example, a case where, when padding to the drive test zone Z3 in the layer 0 has been completed in the write-once type disk D, or when the rest is less than or equal to a given number of ECC blocks, finalizing is interrupted at a point in time when padding to the respective areas in the layer 0 is entirely performed, or a case where, when disk state information is finalized and padding to the recording management zone is completed, all the remaining areas are padded.
The former is a method for avoiding the following problem. Because there is no drive test zone in the layer 0, it is impossible for another optical disk apparatus 12 to optimize the recording when interruption is performed along the way of the layer 0 and the disk is ejected, which makes it impossible to resume finalizing.
The latter is a method executed because it is impossible to update recording management data, which makes it impossible to perform interruption.
(Interrupted State 1)
First, the first interruptive method will be described. For example, as shown in
When the optical disk apparatus 12 receives an instruction to interrupt finalizing during the recording of dummy data, the optical disk apparatus 12 interrupts the recording of dummy data at a border between ECC blocks along the way of the terminator T. Then, recording management data is newly recorded in the recording management zone Z7.
At that time, the disk state information is set to “11b” indicating that the disk D is in a finalizing-interrupted state, “1b” is set in bits indicating the first guard zone Z2 and the second guard zone Z11 for padding state information are in padding states, and “01b” indicating a padding state is set into a bit denoting a state of the terminator T. Moreover, as the final recorded PSN of the terminator T, a final PSN of the recorded dummy data is set. Accordingly, the interruption of finalizing is completed.
(Interrupted State 2)
Next, the second interruptive method will be described. For example, as shown in
At that time, disk state information is set to “11b” indicating that the disk D is in a finalizing-interrupted state, “1b” is set in bits indicating that the first guard zone Z2, the second guard zone Z11, and the third guard zone Z18 for padding state information are in padding states, and “11b” indicating that padding has been completed is set into a bit indicating a state of the terminator T. Accordingly, the interruption of finalizing is completed.
(Interrupted State 3)
Next, the third interruptive method will be described. Assume that, as shown in
(Procedure of Finalizing Interrupting Process)
Next, the procedure of finalizing interrupting process by the optical disk apparatus 12 will be described in detail hereinafter by use of the flowcharts of
First Interruption Flowchart
In the first interruption flowchart (
As a procedure of the finalizing interrupting process by the optical disk apparatus 12 according to the invention, it is assumed that, as shown in the flowchart of
On the other hand, when a finalizing operation is impossible, the optical disk apparatus 12 replies a report of an error indicating that a finalizing operation is impossible to the host 14 (step S24), which leads to abnormal termination (step S25).
The optical disk apparatus 12 sequentially records data onto necessary places including the terminator T, the guard zones Z2, Z11, Z18, and Z20, the drive test zones Z3, Z12, Z17, and Z21, the recording management data copy zone Z6, the recording management zone Z7, and the reference code zone Z9. When there is no interrupting instruction, the optical disk apparatus 12 completes the finalizing directly (steps S26 and S27).
However, when the optical disk apparatus 12 receives an instruction to interrupt finalizing (step S15), and further, an immediate bit of the instruction data is “1b”, the optical disk apparatus 12 determines whether or not it is possible to interrupt finalizing (step S16). When it is possible, the optical disk apparatus 12 makes a reply that the processing is normal (step S17).
On the other hand, even when it is impossible to interrupt finalizing, the optical disk apparatus 12 makes a reply that the processing is normal in the case where the optical disk apparatus 12 has a finalizing interrupting function (step S28). However, in this case, the finalizing is not interrupted, but the finalizing operation is continuously performed (step S29), and then, the finalizing is completed (step S30).
This situation may include, for example, a case after the recording management data has been recorded, or a case in which the optical disk apparatus 12 carries out recording so as to be over the area on which interruption is possible. When the optical disk apparatus 12 has no finalizing interrupting function, the optical disk apparatus 12 replies an error indicating that finalizing is in the process, or an error indicating a warning that the instruction is wrong, to the host 14, and executes the finalizing operation directly through to completion.
The optical disk apparatus 12 having entered the finalizing interruptive operation reports the completion of the process to the host 14 (step S17), and confirms a current recording state (step S18). Here, when the area being currently recorded is an area, such as the terminator T, on which it is possible to immediately stop recording (step S19), the optical disk apparatus 12 terminates the recording at the border of ECC blocks (step S20). Then, recording management data indicating the PSN is recorded on the optical disk D and the finalizing process is interrupted (step S22), and the finalizing process is completed (step S23).
Namely, a position at which the finalizing process is interrupted is recorded as disk state information at byte position 2BP in Filed 0 of recording management data RMD of the disk D. This is recorded in a form as the padding state information in
Padding information is information indicating whether or not the respective areas on the optical disk D have data recorded thereon, i.e., have been padded. The respective bits in the information are allocated to the respective areas, and “1b” indicates that padding has been performed while “0b” indicates padding has not been performed. Further, with respect to 15 and 16 bits, “00b” indicates that the area is unrecorded, “01b” indicates that the area is in recording, and “10b” indicates that padding has been performed.
On the other hand, when it is impossible to immediately interrupt recording, such as a case where a guard zone is in recording (step S19), the optical disk apparatus 12 carries out the recording onto the area through to completion (step S20). Thereafter, padding state information on the recorded area is set to “1b”, and recording management data is recorded onto the optical disk D, which completes the interruption of finalizing (step S21).
Second Interruption Flowchart
In the second interruption flowchart (
As a procedure of the finalizing interrupting process by the optical disk apparatus 12 according to the invention, it is assumed that, as shown in the flowchart of
On the other hand, when a finalizing operation is impossible, the optical disk apparatus 12 replies a report of an error indicating that a finalizing operation is impossible (step S58), which leads to abnormal termination (step S59).
Here, when the optical disk apparatus 12 receives an instruction to acquire information on a time required for interruption of finalizing from the host 14 (step S45), the optical disk apparatus 12 confirms a current finalizing status (step S46). Then, the optical disk apparatus 12 replies the information on a time required for interruption of finalizing to the host 14 in accordance with the confirmed result (step S47). Thereafter, the optical disk apparatus 12 continues the finalizing operation (step S48).
Note that, in the host device, as will be described later in
Next, the optical disk apparatus 12 sequentially carries out recording onto necessary places including the terminator T, the guard zones Z2, Z11, Z18, and Z20, the drive test zones Z3, Z12, Z17, and Z21, the recording management data copy zone Z6, the recording management zone Z7, and the reference code zone Z9. When there is no interrupting instruction (step S49), the optical disk apparatus 12 completes the finalizing directly (steps S60 and S61).
However, when the optical disk apparatus 12 receives an instruction to interrupt finalizing, and moreover, an immediate bit of the instruction data is “1b” (step S49), the optical disk apparatus 12 determines whether or not it is possible to interrupt finalizing (step S50). When it is possible, the optical disk apparatus 12 makes a reply that the processing is normal (step S51).
On the other hand, when it is impossible to interrupt finalizing, the optical disk apparatus 12 makes a reply that the processing is normal in the case where the optical disk apparatus 12 has a finalizing interrupting function (step S62). However, in this case, the finalizing is not interrupted, but the finalizing operation is continuously performed (step S63), and then, the finalizing is completed (step S64). 208 This situation may include, for example, a case after the recording management data has been recorded, or a case in which the optical disk apparatus 12 carries out recording so as to be over the area in which interruption is possible. When the optical disk apparatus 12 has no finalizing interrupting function, the optical disk apparatus 12 replies an error indicating that finalizing is in the process, or an error indicating a warning that the instruction is wrong, to the host 14, and executes the finalizing operation directly through to completion.
The optical disk apparatus 12 having entered the finalizing interruptive operation reports the completion of the process to the host 14 (step S51), and confirms a current recording state (step S52). Here, when the area being currently recorded is an area, such as the terminator T, on which it is possible to immediately stop recording (step S53), the optical disk apparatus 12 terminates the recording at the border of ECC blocks (step S54). Then, the recording management data indicating the PSN is recorded on the optical disk D, and the finalizing is interrupted (step S56), and the finalizing process is completed (step S57).
On the other hand, when it is impossible to immediately interrupt recording, such as a case in which a guard zone is in recording (step S53), the optical disk apparatus 12 carries out recording onto the area through to completion (step S54). Thereafter, padding state information on the recorded area is set to “1b”, and recording management data is recorded onto the optical disk D, which completes the interruption of finalizing (step S55).
In the second flowchart, information on a time required for interruption of finalizing is acquired along the way, and is used, which makes it possible for a user to know how long it takes for the finalizing interrupting process.
Third Interruption Flowchart
In the third interruption flowchart (
As a procedure of the finalizing interrupting process by the optical disk apparatus 12 according to the invention, it is assumed that, as shown in the flowchart of
On the other hand, when a finalizing operation is not possible, the optical disk apparatus 12 replies a report of an error indicating that a finalizing operation is impossible (step S74), and the processing is abnormal termination (step S75).
The optical disk apparatus 12 sequentially carries out recording onto necessary places including the terminator T, the guard zones Z2, Z11, Z18, and Z20, the drive test zones Z3, Z12, Z17, and Z21, the recording management data copy zone Z6, the recording management zone Z7, and the reference code zone Z9. When there is no interrupting instruction, the optical disk apparatus 12 completes finalizing directly (steps S88 and S89).
However, when the optical disk apparatus 12 receives an instruction to interrupt finalizing (step S75), and moreover, an immediate bit of the instruction data is “1b”, the optical disk apparatus 12 determines whether or not it is possible to interrupt finalizing (step S76). When it is possible, the optical disk apparatus 12 makes a reply that the processing is normal (step S77).
On the other hand, when it is impossible to interrupt finalizing, the optical disk apparatus 12 makes a reply that the processing is normal in the case where the optical disk apparatus 12 has a finalizing interrupting function (step S90). However, in this case, the finalizing is not interrupted, but the finalizing operation is continuously performed (step S91), and then, the finalizing is completed (step S92).
This situation may include, for example, a case after the recording management data has been recorded, or a case in which the optical disk apparatus 12 carries out recording so as to be over the area in which interruption is possible. When the optical disk apparatus 12 has no finalizing interrupting function, the optical disk apparatus 12 replies an error indicating that finalizing is in the process, or an error indicating a warning that the instruction is wrong to the host 14, and executes the finalizing operation directly through to completion.
The optical disk apparatus 12 having entered the finalizing interruptive operation reports the completion of the process to the host 14 (step S77), and confirms a current recording state (step S78).
The optical disk apparatus 12 confirms a current state of the disk when the interrupting process is started, and sets a time required for interruption in a memory (step S79). Here, when an instruction to confirm an interrupted state as shown in
Note that, in the host 14, as will be described later in
These processes of padding are continued until recording onto predetermined areas are completed (step S83). Then, at a point in time when the finalizing process is completed, the recording management data is updated (step S84), and interruption of the finalizing process is completed (step S85).
(Writing Software GUI: Interruption)
Writing software and functions of a recorder according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described. The writing software according to the invention is installed as, for example, PC software in a PC 18 in
Here, the host 14 according to the invention has a function of receiving an order to interrupt finalizing from a user, for example, a function allocated to a button on a GUI as shown in
Further, the host 14 has a function of issuing an interrupting instruction to the optical disk apparatus 12 in response to an order to interrupt finalizing from a user, and a function of instructing to confirm an interrupting function and to confirm an interrupted state of the optical disk apparatus 12 during interruption or immediately before interruption.
Here, the GUI shown in
Further, the GUI shown in
Further, the GUI shown in
Here, when a reply from the optical disk apparatus 12 is one as shown in
(Processing of Resuming Finalizing Optical Disk in Finalizing Interrupting Process)
Next, with reference to the flowchart in
The host 14 confirms a status of the optical disk apparatus 12 periodically in accordance with a structural state inquiry instruction or the like (step S101). When the optical disk D is inserted, the host 14 acquires a type thereof or information of a recording state (step S102). Then, the host 14 carries out a report on type confirmation information of the disk/apparatus (step S103), a receipt of an instruction to confirm a state of the disk (step S104), and a report on disk state confirmation information (step S105).
Then, when the inserted optical disk D is a write-once type disk, and in a finalizing-interrupted state, it is impossible to additionally record user data. For this reason, the host 14 performs processes of enabling a writing function of the host, of displaying that it is impossible to write on a GUI, or the like.
Moreover, when the inserted optical disk D is in a finalizing-interrupted state depending on a situation (step S106), a display giving a suggestion to resume finalizing as in
When the inserted optical disk D is in a finalizing-interrupted state, the host 14 can display how long a time required for finalizing is by utilizing, for example, a reply to an instruction of
In other words, the padding state information recorded as disk state information at byte position 2BP in Field 0 of the recording management data RMD of the optical disk D is read out, and areas to be finalized are determined on the basis of the information to perform padding.
At that time, it is preferable to display a GUI as shown in
Further, the padding information is information indicating whether or not the respective areas in the optical disk D have data recorded thereon, i.e., have been padded. The respective bits in the information are allocated to the respective areas, and “1b” indicates that the area has been padded while “0b” indicates that the area has not been padded. With respect to 15 and 16 bits, “00b” indicates that the area is unrecorded, “01b” indicates that the area is in recording, and “10b” indicates that the area has been padded.
In this way, the host 14 (or the optical disk apparatus) according to the invention has a function of warning a user that the disk is an optical disk in a finalizing-interrupted state when the optical disk D is inserted and ejected, and of urging the user to resume and perform finalizing process again.
As another embodiment, a controller 29 of the information recording apparatus preferably functions as follows. That is, when a new recording medium D is given, management information RMD on the recording medium are automatically read out by a head unit, and when it is detected that finalizing process on the recording medium is interrupted on the basis of the management information RMD, the controller 29 automatically resumes the finalizing process onto the recording medium even without any instructive signal.
(Flowchart of Software Side Interrupting Process)
Next, a software side interrupting process will be described in detail by use of the flowchart of
Namely, it is preferable that the operations of the finalizing process described above are provided as, not only functions of the optical disk apparatus 12 as described above, but also functions of the host 14 connected to the optical disk apparatus 12. It is also preferable that the operations of the finalizing process are provided as functions of a computer program for use in the host 14.
As shown in
Subsequently, the host 14 transmits an instruction to confirm a state of the apparatus periodically to the optical disk apparatus 12 (step S124). A status of the finalizing process is replied in response to the instruction from the optical disk apparatus 12 (step S125).
On the other hand, the host 14 updates the display on the GUI and the indicator display of the process in accordance with the reply (step S126). When there is no request to interrupt finalizing from the user (step S127), the finalizing is directly completed (step S128). When the finalizing is completed, the host 14 displays the completion of finalizing (step S129).
On the other hand, when there is a request to interrupt finalizing (step S127), the host 14 transmits an instruction to interrupt finalizing to the optical disk apparatus 12 (step S130). When the host 14 issues an instruction whose immediate is 1b, the host 14 receives a report of the completion of the process if the optical disk apparatus 12 normally operates (step S131).
Then, the host 14 transmits an instruction to confirm a state of the apparatus periodically to the optical disk apparatus 12 (step S132). This instruction has a bit configuration as shown in, for example,
When it is confirmed that the finalizing interrupting process is completed in accordance with the reply from the optical disk apparatus 12 (step S135), the host 14 changes the GUI to complete the interruption of finalizing (step S136).
(Interruption of Finalizing When Extended Guard Zones are Formed)
Next, an example of an interrupted state other than the three interrupted states in
An interrupted state (4) in the case where a reserved zone (A) is provided and a third extended guard zone (B) corresponding thereto is provided, will be described with reference to
The portion corresponding to the (B) in the drawing is an area substantially overlapping with the portion of the (A), and an area extended to the outer-peripheral side by a length of a clearance. This is an area called the third extended guard zone.
When there is an instruction of finalizing, the optical disk apparatus 12 sequentially executes recording such as recording of the terminator T, padding of an unrecorded area of the reserved RZone R, and recording of the second extended guard zone (B).
As shown in
Assume that, as shown in
(Interruption of Finalizing When Middle Area is Extended)
Next, with reference to
In a case of
For example, when an instruction of interruption is received in the process of recording onto the first extended guard zone, the recording onto the first extended guard zone is performed until the end, and the padding state information is updated, which leads to the completion of the interruption. Here, there are no bits allocated for the first extended guard zone to the padding state information. However, when the first and second extended guard zones are prepared, the information at bit position 7 denotes a state of, not the third guard zone, but the first extended guard zone. Accordingly, when there is the first extended guard zone, 0b is stored when the first extended guard zone is unrecorded while 1b is stored when padding has been completed, regardless of a recording state of the third guard zone.
Next, an interrupted state (5) when the second extended guard zone (C), the first extended guard zone (F), and the extended blank zone (G) are formed will be described with reference to
In a case of
For example, when an instruction of interruption is received in the process of recording onto the first extended guard zone, the recording onto the first extended guard zone is performed until the end, and the padding state information is updated, which leads to the interruption is completed.
(Interruption of Finalizing When Finalizing is Performed with Final Position of Data Recording Along the Way of Layer 0)
Next, a finalizing-interrupted state (6) and an interrupted state (6) when finalizing is performed with the final position of data recording along the way of layer 0 will be described with reference to
First, an interrupted state (7) shown in
When there is an instruction of finalizing with user data being still along the way of the layer 0 as shown in
Next, an interrupted state (7) shown in
When the recording has been made to progress up to the outer periphery of the data area Z10 in the layer 0 to a significant extent as shown in
In this case, when a command to interrupt finalizing is received in the process of recording onto the second guard zone, the optical disk apparatus 12 needs to pad the second guard zone Z11 until the end as shown in
<Other Functions of Host>
In the above descriptions, the procedure in which the host 14 interrupts or resumes finalizing in response to an instruction from the user has been described. However, as another embodiment, in an apparatus which needs management of electricity such as a notebook personal computer or a camcorder, the host 14 monitors electricity of the apparatus, and the host 14 has a function of issuing an instruction to interrupt finalizing to the optical disk apparatus 12 to thereby interrupt finalizing when the electricity is less than a given value. Even in this case, there is the advantage that the method for interrupting finalizing according to the invention is available for a drive which is not a drive having interrupted resumption of finalizing onto an interrupted disk.
Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments as is, and at the stage of implementing the invention, the components may be modified and implemented within a range which does not deviate from the gist of the present invention. Further, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining of the plurality of components disclosed in the above-described embodiments. For example, several components may be eliminated from all the components shown in the embodiments. Moreover, components covering different embodiments may be appropriately combined.
While certain embodiments of the inventions have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the inventions. Indeed, the novel methods and systems described herein may be embodied in a variety of other forms; furthermore, various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form of the methods and systems described herein may be made without departing from the spirit of the inventions. The accompanying claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such forms or modifications as would fall within the scope and spirit of the inventions.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2006-182334 | Jun 2006 | JP | national |
