The invention relates to an inhalation therapy device having an aerosol membrane generator and a mixing chamber as well as an inhalation valve.
Liquids containing medicaments, liquid medicaments or other liquids that can be used for therapy, for example saline solutions, can be nebulised with inhalation therapy devices of this type in order to present the patient with an aerosol for inhalation.
DE 199 53 317 A describes such an inhalation therapy device having a membrane aerosol generator, the membrane of which is caused to oscillate by an oscillation generator, whereby a liquid disposed on one side of the membrane is nebulised through said membrane and is released into a mixing chamber. In the mixing chamber, the aerosol mixes with ambient air during the inhalation process, which is supplied to the mixing chamber via an annular gap that is formed around a liquid storage container. A flat, annular inhalation valve is provided in the annular gap, which opens said annular gap during the inhalation phase and closes it during the exhalation phase.
When, in the known therapy nebuliser, the patient exhales into the device, even though a large part of the exhaled air directly reaches the surrounding environment via an exhalation valve provided in a mouthpiece of the device, the aerosol membrane generator and the region of the liquid storage container are, however, also exposed to some of the exhaled air. This leads to undesirable contaminations of the aerosol generator.
Against the background of this prior art, the problem to be solved by the invention is to describe an inhalation therapy device in which the inhalation valve is designed such that the risk of contamination of the aerosol membrane generator by the air exhaled by the patient during exhalation phases is reduced.
This problem is solved according to the invention by an inhalation therapy device having an aerosol membrane generator, a liquid storage container into which a liquid that can be used for therapy is fillable, a membrane which is connected with the liquid container on one side such that a liquid disposed in the liquid storage container contacts one side of said membrane, and an oscillation generator for generating oscillations, by means of which a liquid disposed in the liquid storage container is nebulised into an aerosol through openings in the membrane to the other side of said membrane. The inhalation therapy device according to the invention furthermore comprises a mixing chamber into which the aerosol membrane generator generates the aerosol, and an inhalation valve which allows the inflow of ambient air into the mixing chamber during inhalation phases and which prevents the aerosol from escaping from the mixing chamber during exhalation phases and which forms a wall section of the mixing chamber. The inhalation valve in turn comprises an aerosol passage, via which the aerosol generated by the membrane generator arrives in the mixing chamber, said aerosol passage being disposed with one section on a surface of the aerosol membrane generator so as to surround the membrane along at least one sealing line and extending in an opening manner into the mixing chamber, at least one breathing air through opening disposed in a region around the aerosol passage, and a valve element disposed in the region around the aerosol passage such that the valve element closes the at least one breathing air through opening in exhalation phases and opens it in inhalation phases.
The spatially adjacent arrangement of the aerosol passage, the breathing air through opening and the valve element creates an inhalation valve which is suitable as a wall section of the mixing chamber and can thereby be disposed in front of the membrane nebuliser. The parts of the complete device disposed outside of the mixing chamber are therefore better protected from contamination. The aerosol passage not only ensures that sealing of the mixing chamber occurs in the region around the membrane, but also effectively assists dispersion of the aerosol from the membrane into the mixing chamber. It is thereby advantageous that a reliable sealing at the surface of the aerosol generator can be ensured around the membrane by the aerosol passage. Furthermore, in the inhalation therapy device according to the invention, the breathing air is guided outside in relation to the aerosol passage, thereby protecting to a certain extent the aerosol entering into the mixing chamber via the aerosol passage such that an undesired impaction of aerosol particles or droplets on the wall of the mixing chamber is reduced.
A plurality of breathing air through openings are preferably provided, which are opened and closed by the one valve element or by several separate or connected valve elements.
A surrounding groove is provided for the simple retention of the valve element.
In order to reduce the risk of damage and to improve retention, the valve element comprises a bulge at the edge for retention in the surrounding groove.
In a preferred embodiment, the aerosol passage is pipe-shaped and the valve element is ring-shaped. The valve element then accommodates the pipe-shaped aerosol passage in the annular opening. In this case, the surrounding groove for accommodating the valve element is preferably provided in the outer surface of the pipe-shaped aerosol passage.
In a preferred embodiment, the pipe-shaped aerosol passage is formed by a cylindrical sleeve, disposed on the surface of which is a region accommodating the breathing air through openings, which extends essentially perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve. The sleeve is preferably disposed concentrically to the membrane. Adapting to this design, the valve element is configured in the shape of a circular ring and accommodates the cylindrical sleeve in the annular opening. The annular valve element correspondingly comprises a bulge at the edge of the annular opening for retention on the cylindrical sleeve. For fixation, the surrounding groove for accommodating the edge of the annular opening of the valve element is advantageously provided in the surface of the cylindrical sleeve.
In order to avoid damage and to assist sealing of the mixing chamber in the region of the membrane, the aerosol passage comprises a bulge in the region facing the surface of the aerosol membrane generator.
In a basic shape, the breathing air through openings extend essentially parallel to the aerosol passage. However, in an advantageous design, the breathing air through openings extend in a spiral manner in order to cause the air flowing in through the openings to swirl.
A design in which the breathing air through openings are formed as circular ring sections is basically preferred.
The inhalation valve is on the whole preferably designed with an edge section which is formed for retaining the inhalation valve, in particular for clamping between the aerosol generator and the mixing chamber.
The breathing air through openings are preferably designed to extend in a sloped manner such that the breathing air is guided away from the fixing point of the valve element. This thereby assists opening of the valve at the beginning of the inhalation phases and promotes an improved flow supply which leads to lower deposition rates, in particular on the mixing chamber walls.
Lower deposition rates are also achieved by a design in which the breathing air through openings are provided on all sides around the aerosol passage.
In a particular design, the region of the breathing air through openings is essentially disposed on a plane with the membrane.
The valve element is preferably produced from a resilient material. The inhalation valve is preferably also produced from a resilient material.
The invention is described in more detail in the following by means of an embodiment and referring to the figures.
The aerosol generator 2 of the embodiment according to
If the oscillation generator 7 is activated, i.e., for example, an alternating voltage is supplied to the piezo element, the membrane 6 is caused to oscillate such that the liquid 5 that is disposed in the liquid storage container and abuts the membrane 6 is guided through openings in the membrane to the other side of said membrane 6 and is nebulised there into an aerosol. The aerosol is released into the mixing chamber 3.
The embodiment shown in
During the inhalation phase, ambient air flows into the therapy device via air supply channels 8 that are formed in the aerosol membrane generator 2, and reaches the mixing chamber 3; the flow path of the supplied air is indicated in
According to the invention, an inhalation valve 20 is provided to control the supplied air, which allows ambient air to flow into the mixing chamber during the inhalation phases but which, however, prevents exhaled air from reaching the aerosol membrane generator 2 from the mixing chamber in exhalation phases. The inhalation valve 20 according to the invention therefore prevents the aerosol being transported out of the mixing chamber with the exhaled air in exhalation phases and prevents exhaled air from flowing into the aerosol membrane generator 2. In the aerosol generator 2, the area around the liquid container 4, in which other components, for example electrical connections for activating the piezo crystal, can often also be found, is thereby protected from exhaled air and thus from impurities which could enter the therapy device with the exhaled air. The inhalation valve 20 according to the invention therefore protects the interior of the aerosol generator 2 during the exhalation phases by closing the mixing chamber 3 towards the aerosol membrane generator 2.
The exhaled air is guided out of the mixing chamber 3 or mouthpiece 10 in another manner, for example via a mouthpiece valve 33 known per se, which comprises a mouthpiece valve opening 321 and a mouthpiece valve element 322. However, the operating mode of the mouthpiece valve will not be described in more detail here.
According to the invention, the inhalation valve 20, as shown in
The inhalation valve 20 comprises an aerosol passage 22 which allows the aerosol to arrive from the membrane into the mixing chamber. The inhalation valve 20 furthermore comprises one or more breathing air through openings 23, via which supplied air enters the mixing chamber in the inhalation phases and which are closed in the exhalation phases. The inhalation valve 20 comprises one or more valve elements 21 for this purpose. This basic construction is described as an example in more detail below by means of the embodiment according to
In one embodiment, the inhalation valve 20 comprises a cylindrical sleeve which represents the aerosol passage via which the aerosol released from the membrane flows into the mixing chamber 3. The sleeve is aligned to the membrane 6 and is preferably disposed concentrically to said membrane 6. One end face of the sleeve rests on a surface of the membrane generator 2, which surrounds the membrane 6. The mixing chamber is thereby sealed in the area around the membrane 6, which prevents air exhaled during the exhalation phases from flowing past the membrane 6.
The aerosol passage 22 basically comprises an area for this purpose which is disposed on a surface of the aerosol membrane generator 2 such that the membrane is enclosed along at least one sealing line 20a. The aerosol passage 22 of the inhalation valve 20 ensures in this manner on the one hand that the aerosol can arrive from the membrane 6 into the mixing chamber 3 and that on the other hand a sealing of the mixing chamber 3 occurs in the region of the aerosol membrane generator 2.
As can be seen from
The embodiment of the breathing air through openings 23 shown in
A valve element 21 is disposed on the side of the region of the breathing air through openings 23 facing the mixing chamber, which has an annular shape and is flat in the shown embodiment and which accommodates the cylindrical sleeve in its central annular opening. In addition to the position in which the valve element 21 closes the breathing air through openings 23,
In order to retain the valve element 21, the sleeve preferably comprises in the outer surface a surrounding groove 24 in which the inner edge of the annular opening of the valve element 21 is disposed. The edge of the annular opening is thereby provided with a bulge 26. This not only ensures a secure retention of the valve element 21 in the groove 24, but also protects the inner edge of the annular opening from damage during insertion.
In the embodiment shown in
It can furthermore be seen therefrom that the inhalation valve 20 according to the invention is preferably only configured from two parts. This is because one part comprises the sleeve, the region of the breathing air through openings 23, the transition region to the edge section 25 and the edge section 25 itself in one piece; the other part forms the valve element 21.
It can furthermore be seen from
The inventive inhalation valve 20 of this embodiment comprises an aerosol passage 22 which enables the aerosol released by the membrane to arrive in the mixing chamber 3. The aerosol passage 22 is basically a flat, funnel-shaped structure in this embodiment. The aerosol passage 22 comprises an area which lies on a surface of the aerosol membrane generator 2, according to
As regards the aerosol passage 22, one or more breathing air through openings 23 are formed in a region provided therefor. These openings are covered by a valve element 21 in the direction of the mixing chamber 3 such that the openings are opened during the inhalation phases and are closed during the exhalation phases. The details of the valve element 21 correspond to those of the valve element of the embodiment described above, and thus reference can be made at this point to the explanations given above.
A projection 24a is provided on the aerosol passage 22 according to
Furthermore, in the embodiment according to
Deviating from the embodiment according to
In addition to the sloping of the breathing air openings 23 shown in
Deviating from the embodiment according to
Deviating from the embodiment according to
In addition to the sloping of the breathing air openings 23 shown in
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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102 57 381 | Dec 2002 | DE | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/EP03/13959 | 12/9/2003 | WO | 00 | 9/12/2007 |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
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WO2004/052436 | 6/24/2004 | WO | A |
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Number | Date | Country |
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199 53 317 | Feb 2001 | DE |
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20080060640 A1 | Mar 2008 | US |