The present application and the resultant patent relate generally to turbo-machinery such as gas turbine engines and the like and more particularly relate to an improved inlet air pulse filtration system with pulse filters having a tapered section for increased filtration efficiency, a reduced pressure drop, and improved dust holding capacity.
Power generation equipment, such as a gas turbine engine, uses a large supply of intake air to support the combustion process. Various types of inlet air filtration systems thus may be used upstream of the compressor. Impure air laden with dust particles, salt, and other contaminants may damage the compressor blades and other types of power plant equipment via corrosion, erosion, and the like. Such damage may reduce the life expectancy and performance of the compressor and other types of equipment. To avoid these problems, the inlet air generally passes through a series of filters and screens to assist in removing the contaminants before they reach the compressor.
One type of inlet air filtration system includes the use of pulse filtration. A pulse filtration system generally includes a number of pulse filters. The pulse filters may have a conical section and a cylindrical section mounted together via a yoke assembly. The conical and cylindrical sections may be joined via a gasket and the like. The pulse filtration system may be self cleaning via a brief reverse pulse of pressurized air through the filters to dislodge dust particles therein.
The air entering into the pulse filters may come from the ambient through a weather hood. The ambient air entering the weather hood may take a number of turns to reach and pass through the pulse filters. A recirculation zone therefore may be produced about the entrance to the pulse filters. Such a recirculation zone may cause the incoming airflow to stagnate and increase the pressure losses across the filters. Overall system efficiency and power output may be a direct function of the inlet pressure drop caused herein.
There is thus a desire for an inlet air pulse filtration system with pulse filters having a reduced pressure drop thereacross. Such an improved inlet air filtration system would provide adequate and/or improved filtration with less of a pressure drop so as to improve overall system out put and efficiency.
The present application and the resultant patent thus provide an inlet air pulse filtration system. The inlet air pulse filtration system may include an inlet filter house and a number of pulse filters positioned therein. One or more of the pulse filters may include a conical section, a transitional section, and a tapered section.
The present application and the resultant patent further provide a pulse filter for use with an inlet filter system and a compressor. The pulse filter may include a conical section, a transitional section adjacent to the conical section, and a tapered section adjacent to the cylindrical section.
The present application and the resultant patent further provide an inlet air pulse filtration system. The inlet air pulse filtration system may include an inlet filter house and a number of pulse filters positioned therein. One or more of the pulse filters may include a conical section, a transitional section, a tapered section, and a pleated filter media. The tapered section may include an angle off of the horizontal of about negative five degrees (−5°) to about thirty degrees (30°).
These and other features and improvements of the present application and the resultant patent will become apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art upon review of the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the several drawings and the appended claims.
Referring now to the drawings, in which like numerals refer to like elements throughout the several view,
As is shown, the airflow path 25 takes a turn to reach the pulse filters 15 when entering the weather hood 20 and then multiple turns to pass through the pulse filters 15. The multiple turns and the blunt face 40 thus may combine to form one or more recirculation zones about the blunt face 40. The recirculation zones stagnates the airflow so as to increase the pressure drop across the pulse filters 15 The effectiveness of the filtration also may be reduced by the nonuniformmity in the airflow entering the pulse filters 15.
The inlet air pulse filtration system 100 also may include a weather hood 180 mounted on an inlet filter house 190 for the incoming flow of air 130 to pass therethrough. The weather hood 180 may prevent weather elements such as rain, snow, and the like from entering therein. The weather hood 180 and the inlet filter house 190 may be largely of conventional design. The inlet filter house 190 may have a number of pulse filters 200 mounted therein as will be described in more detail below. The pulse filters 200 remove dust and other types of contaminants and impurities from the incoming flow of air 130. Any number of the pulse filters 200 may be used herein in any orientation.
The flow of air 130 then may flow through a transition piece 210 and an inlet duct 220. A silencer section 230 and an inlet bleed heat system 240 also may be used therein. One or more screens 250 may be used to deflect larger types of contaminates or debris. The flow of air 130 then may pass through an inlet plenum 260 and into the compressor 120 for compression and combustion as described above. Other configurations and other components may be used herein. Many different types of operating parameters may be accommodated herein.
The tapered section 290 may have a tapered angle 300 off of the horizontal of about negative five degrees (−5°) to about thirty degrees (30°) or so. Other angles may be used herein. The tapered angle 300 may vary in specific application and operating parameters. The tapered angle 300 may be greater than an angle 305 off of the horizontal of the conical section 270. The tapered section 290 may lead to a blunt face 310. The blunt face 310 of the pulse filter 200 may be smaller in diameter than the blunt face 40 of the pulse filter 15. The pulse filter 200 may be a retrofit for the pulse filter 15 or the pulse filter 200 may be original equipment. Other components and other configurations may be used herein.
The pulse filter 200 may include a pleated filter media 320. The pleated filter media 320 may be made of any suitable material including glass or polytetraflouroethylene (PTFE) fibers and the like. Suitable membranes also may be used herein. Other types of materials may be used herein. A conventional air blast system with associated air piping also may be used herein so as to clean the pulse filters 200.
The use of the tapered section 290 thus provides the pulse filter 200 and the inlet air pulse filtration system 100 as a whole with enhanced filtration efficiency and effectiveness as well as reduced pressure losses thereacross. Specifically, the use of the tapered section 290 and the overall geometry of the pulse filters 200 described herein reduce the recirculation or stagnation zones about the entry to the pulse filter 200 as was found in previous designs. Instead, the incoming flow of air 130 entering into the pulse filters 200 described herein may interact easily with the tapered section 290 without requiring multiple turns. The pulse filters 200 described herein also have improved dust holding capacity given the lack of flow irregularities. The overall pressure drop across the pulse filters 200 thus may be reduced about twenty percent (20%) or more. Such a reduced pressure drop further provides overall increased power plant efficiency and output.
The use of the reverse taper section 340 thus provides the pulse filter 330 with further effectiveness and reduced overall pressure losses. Specifically, the reverse taper section 340 assist in providing a Venturi effect to the incoming flow of air 130 for improved flow therethrough.
It should be apparent that the foregoing relates only to certain embodiments of the present application and the resultant patent. Numerous changes and modifications may be made herein by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the general spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the following claims and the equivalents thereof.
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