Patent Application
20100052408
1. Field of Invention
The present invention relates to transporting system, more particularly, relates to a type of secure and efficient wheel assembly, a wheel rim transmission assembly, an energy exchanging arrangement used in transporting system, and a vehicle energy storage system, as well as corresponding methods for manufacturing and preparing such assemblies and arrangements in applications.
2. Description of Related Arts
Commonly, there are several drawbacks of wheels available in the market:
1. Poor security: the tires mounted to the wheel rim are subject to blowout accidents which cost and jeopardize human lives.
2. Inefficiency: as its name implied, efficiency refers to the working output of such wheel during a fixed period of time. For most pneumatic tires mounted to the wheel rim, the turning radius of such wheel is shortened in landing portion under a loaded pressure, however, the turning radius of remaining wheel portion are not shortened, instead, would been prolonged due to the increased pressure. As a result, the rotational wheel will have to overcome resistance force thus causing significant energy loss.
3. The wheel assembly is made of inferior materials, such as the air-tightness of the inner tube of the tire is not satisfied in most cases.
4. The structure of such wheel is not well designed, for example, the inner cavity and curvature of outer cover of the tire are not desired to prevent the turning radius of the wheel from being varied from time to time. And two side wall of outer cover of the tires are too high causing unnecessary raw material wasting.
5. Expensive costs: the landing circumferential surface of the tire outer cover is worn off easily, while two side walls of the outer cover are still of good shape, so the disposal of such tire is not an economic way.
6. Inconvenience: the tire inner tube should be refilled from time to time.
There are a plurality of drawbacks existed in prior art of transmission system, that is to say, the transmission system of vehicle wheels are not in an efficient way. Commonly, the driving force is applied on the center of the circle of a wheel, i.e. on the axial shaft of the wheel. However, the resistance is occurred from the circumferential edge of the wheel, i.e. the landing portion of the wheel. According to the wheel-axis mechanism and movable pulley mechanism, the conventional transmission designed is not appropriate. Needless to say, the conventional method is not efficient.
What is more, other conventional wheel transmission method, such rotational fans, propellers of vessels and airplanes, and blade wheel of the fluid pump are subject to this inherent inefficiency. To overcome such wheel transmission inefficiency, some attempt had been developed to a new motorcycle, wherein the dynamic force is applied on the peripheral edge of the front wheel. However, the dynamic force is not transmitted in an accurate manner thus consuming considerable energy and causing energy waste. In a long run, the friction between the tire and mechanical parts will reduce the life span of vehicle, and such design is not suitable for withstanding harsh conditions, such as not suitable for being mixed with water and mud. In addition, if the tire is less stuffed, the tire will be softened, the shortened turning radius will cause the transmission effect deteriorated.
In the traditional locomotives, the dynamic force is transferred by the connection rod which is coupled to the spokes of wheel, for driving the wheel into rotation. Since the locomotives had been collected in the museum, such transmission method had been abandoned. Those wheel chairs for those disabled people, an actuating wheel having proximate diameter with the driving wheel are provided at opposite side of the vehicle body for facilitating the vehicle operation. However, there are no such wheels applied in the motored vehicles. For those transmission utilizing electrical means, there existed some problems to be solved, such as high energy consumption, poor endurance.
The present invention refers to the energy supplying means, more particularly, relates to a method and apparatus for supplying energy to an electrical vehicle.
As its name implies, energy supplying refers to obtaining energy or power, including electricity, hydrogen, fuel gas, fuel oil, compressed air, etc. As a result, the charging and fueling process belong to energy supplying system. The public transportation and mobile communication are dependent on such energy supplying system to obtain necessary fuel, gas, electrical energy. However, conventional energy supplying system comprises a plurality of drawbacks; first of all, the recharging and the refueling process are not safe. Second, the charging process is time consuming. Third, the cruising continuality of vehicles is limited, for example, the electrical vehicle can cruise no more than 100 miles after fully charged. Fourth, the dynamic force is not sufficient. After a continuous operation, the electrical energy stored within the electrical vehicle will be weakened thus limiting the speed of such vehicle. Fifth, the energy sources are not universally applicable in different applications. Sixth, the conventional storage battery comprises a plurality separate battery units which are not convenient and user friendly.
Accordingly, in order to overcome above mentioned drawbacks, the present invention provides a wheel assembly.
1. a primary object of the present invention is to alter the stuffing materials of a wheel. According to the present invention, the stuffing materials are selected from a group consisting of fluid, solid, cream, semifluid, soft, or composition or compound of the above mentioned materials, or otherwise, mixture of above mentioned materials with water, or hydrated substances with above materials. Alternatively, the stuffing materials are made of oil or oil compounds. It is noted that the stuffing materials could be filled by compressed pressure until the stuffing materials occupy at least one third of the wheel volume, or fully filled in the internal cavity with the wheel, to achieve the desirable pressure.
The cream formed stuffing materials could be injected into the tire during the tire assembly process. Afterwards, the stuffing materials will be squeezed and pressurized by clamping board so as to bear a load. Therefore, such kind of tire could be formed as a solidly stuffed body, as well as the foamed inter tube of such kind of tire, so there is no gas inlet existed on the tire. Furthermore, the solid stuffing material could be used as the inner support which will be specified in the present invention.
The solid granular articles could be aggregated and sealed within the tire as the stuffing materials. The aggregating process could be embodied as bonding of liquefied substance so as to form colloid stuffing material within the wheel. It is noted that elastic solid substance could be used stuffing materials as well, such as foam, foamed materials, foamed rubber, and soft materials. The foamed stuffing materials are utilized as inner tube of conventional tire, and could be integrated with the outer cover via a binding interface. The stuffing materials, for instance, the liquid stuffing materials could comprises various additives, such as leak-proof fluid, tire-repairing fluid.
Generally, tires of different purposes have different stuffing materials. The stuffing materials according to the present invention have a number of apparent advantages, first of all, the water-tightness property of rubber and plastic are much better than the air-tightness. And the cumbersome and laborious air-refilling process could be eliminated, at the same time, the turning radius of the landing portion are kept unchangeable, so that the turning resistance will be reduced as well.
Second, such stuffing materials are preventative to tire blowout.
Third, even the tire was blowout, such fluid, cream and solid stuffing materials would not be exploded out like air nor cause a flat tire as well as a serious consequence. In addition, even a tire blowout accident happened, the car equipped with such wheel would still run in a normal shape.
Fourth, since the fluid and solid stuffing materials could bearing a relative stronger loading force, the volume of such tire could be correspondingly reduced, so that the weight of the wheel is lighter.
2. Another object of the present invention is to provide a deeper steel ring and a shallow tire. In the prior art, the volumetric space of a steel-tired wheel are proportionally occupied by the rubber tire, while the steel ring (basin) only occupies a less volume, which generally, being less than one third of the whole volume of the wheel. The outer tire is mounted to steel ring by a chafer. Therefore, the volumetric space beyond the chafer could not be supported by the steel ring.
Here, the wheel volume refers to the inner volumetric space, i.e. the inside space formed between the steel support and the covered tire, wherein the stuffing materials could be filled in such volumetric space for maintain the volume of such wheel and provide the outer cover a certain rigidity. It is well known there are three sides of a typical tire, namely, two sidewalls and a landing circumferential surface. A higher sidewall will pose several drawbacks, first of all, the tire is susceptible to deformation, the turning radius of landing portion of the tire will be shortened thus causing considerable turning resistance. Second, if the tire is blowout, the tire is flatted immediately; the relatively changed height of such tires is apt to cause undesirable accidents. Finally, the higher side surfaces will consume larger amount of rubber and impose the manufacturing difficulties.
According to the present invention, a deeper steel ring is introduced for encasing two sidewall of the outer cover so as to create an inner cavity of such tire, i.e. volumetric space of the tire. Only a small fraction or no volumetric space of the wheel is not supported by the steel ring. The steel ring could be embodied as a pair of clamping boards sandwiching a tire. It is noted that two clamping board could be unevenly sized, and could be welded together, or affixed by fastening means, such as screws-bolts, closing collars and clipping rings. The volumetric space defined by such clamping board occupies at least half the total volumetric space. During the assembly process, the inner tube and outer cover of the tire are disposed between the clamping boards, and mounted to the steel ring. The inside cavity will exceed at least half the volumetric space of the steel-tire wheel. Or otherwise, the inner cavity defined by the outer cover is less than half of the total volumetric space of the wheel. Or otherwise, there is no inner cavity defined by the outer cover, so that the outer cover is defined as a flat tire. Or otherwise, the circumferential edge of the steel ring is lower than the outer cover, with a range from 0.5 cm to 5 cm. that is to say, the diameter of the steel ring shorter than the outer cover from 1 cm to 10 cm. as a result, the assembly and disassembly process could be simplified in comparison with prior art.
Furthermore, the deeper steel ring could provide the following advantages, such as, the outer cover are no more subject to easy deformation, and the radius of landing portion of such wheel are not shortened, at least, less shorted compared with the prior art so that the security of the rotational wheel could be ensured. On the other hand, since the two sidewalls of the outer cover of a tire are encased by the steel ring, i.e. at least half height of the outer cover is supported by the clamping board. As a result, the distance between the steel ring and the ground are within a range from 0.5 cm to 5 cm, so that the radius of such wheel would not shorten significantly during a tire blowout accident. Finally, since the size of the steel ring is relative enlarged, so that the manufacturing process could be simplified and the costs could be much cheaper.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a flat outer cover of a tire, wherein the cross section of the inner cavity of the outer cover is squared, or the flat underside of the outer cover is transversely flatted, or upwardly curved. The inner tube and the outer cover of the tire are correspondingly matched in shape. Under a loading pressure, the outer surface of the wheel is transversely flatted. The outer cover could be embodied as flat shape, so two sidewalls of the outer cover are eliminated. The circumferential surface is flatly shaped having a pair of parallel inside and outside edges, so that the turning radius of such wheel are maintain unchanged during a rotational motion.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a blowout-proof device. An inner support structure is provided for replacing the steel ring to protect the wheel from a blowout. The inner support refers to a reinforcing member disposed within the wheel, adapted to succeed the stuffing materials to bear the full loading after a blowout. It is noted that the inner support could be disposed within the inner tube or outer cover. If the inner support is disposed within the outer cover, the inner tube could be eliminated. In case the inner tube is disposed within an inner tube, the inner structure should be placed before the molding or assembling process of such inner tube. Or otherwise, foaming techniques could be applied in the molded wheel. For instance, polyurethane foaming techniques could be used for preparing such inner support. Or otherwise, the clamping boards are provided for supporting such wheel, such clamping board has a height being at least half the height of the sidewall of the outer cover. There is a distance between the ground and the clamping board edge, ranging between 0.5 and 5 cm, so as to protect the wheel from a blowout accident.
It is worth to mention that the clamping board could be embodied as round shape, meshed board, T-shaped, bag shape, spherical shape, ring shaped. The inner support could be transversely disposed along the wheel, or longitudinally disposed along the axis of the wheel, or randomly disposed within the wheel. There could be one or more inner supports disposed within the wheel for associating with the stuffing materials to bear a load. The inner support could be made of metal, plastic, foam material, rubber, soft substance, or any compound thereof. The volume of the inner support should be less than the volume of the inner cavity. After the inner support is disposed, a quantity of fluid should be filled into the wheel to pack the remaining volumetric space so as to achieve the desirable compressed pressure.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a membrane inner tube or a plastic tire. The inner tube comprises a tube body being made of at least 50% membrane materials, wherein the membrane materials include plastic film, rubber film, synthetic film, having a thickness less than or equal to 1 mm. The volume of the tube body, under a normal circumstance, is no less than the volumetric space of the inner cavity of such wheel. The circumference of tube body cross section is larger than the circumference of the cross section of the inner cavity. Or otherwise, the tube body is overlappedly coated, or bond with the inner wall of the outer cover of the tire. Or the tube body is barrel shaped, having one opening end and a closing end, wherein the air valve is disposed orienting towards the opening end. Or the tube body is embodied as a tube shape, with two ends being closed, wherein the air valve is disposed between two ends. Or finally otherwise, there is a penetrating slot connected with the air valve to tube body.
The inner tube could be prepared by pressure molding, wherein one or more flat plastic membranes are interconnected with each other. Alternatively, the inner tube could be prepared by spirally coupling plastic membrane strap. On the other hand, an elongate plastic film tube could be prepared first, with a marker at a predetermined interval. After such elongate plastic film is segmented into a plurality of pieces, different pieces could be connected by gluing means, or thermo-connecting means.
For example, the air valve is disposed on the steel ring, and not connected to the inner tube. Such as, the air inlet is disposed on the steel ring; an air valve is coupled to the air inlet. It is noted that rubber tube of the conventional air valve of the art is replaced by the film tube. The film tube could be flattened by the pressure from inner tube so as to shut off the air valve. Here, the film tube could be made of plastic film, rubber film, and synthetic film. The film tube could be prepared as a multilayer texture. It is noted that air valve should be a straight hole for facilitating the filling process of fluid or semi-fluid substance.
Alternatively, the plastic film and synthetic film could be overlappedly coated to the inner wall of the outer cover to form a film coating. The volume of such inner tube under a normal circumstance is larger or at least equal to the volume of the wheel. That is to say, the area surface of the inner tube is larger or equal to the area surface of the inner cavity of the wheel. A portion of the film inner tube could be overlapped within the wheel. Here, the normal pressure refers to the atmospheric pressure, i.e. the inside pressure and outside pressure of the tire is the same. During the filling process, the inner tube is free of pressure, the tension force are absorbed by the outer cover and is further limited with the volumetric space within the outer cover. The inner tube is not susceptible to blowout accidents. Furthermore, the air-tightness will not be affected by the tension force. The stuffing material is free of leakage, so there is not necessary to keep an air valve. Once the inner tube is stuffed, the life span will be enormously prolonged.
The outer cover could be made of plastics, or made of compound of plastic and rubber, or made of synthetic materials. If the outer cover is made of plastic, a rubber surface could be bond with the plastic outer cover. The steel ring is made of plastic of high rigidity, or made of compound materials combing plastic and metal. The plastic steel ring could be utilized as any vehicles required for light weight and cheaper costs.
Since the plastic outer cover comprises a rubber surface coat, as the tire wearing a shoe, so the exchanging process of the rubber surface is convenient. Furthermore, the outer cover and the surface coat could be bond together or removably attached, and fastened by the tension force. Or otherwise, the outer cover and the surface coat could be detachably engaged, so that the surface coat could be prepared by transparent, colored, opaque materials.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a tension band between the inner tube and outer cover. Within the art, the tension is bear exclusively by the outer cover of the tire, so that the outer cover is embodied to have a strong tension-resistant function. As a result, the cost of such outer cover is expensive, and the property of the wheel is affected by such outer cover, and the wheel is inevitably bulky. According to the present invention, a tension band is disposed between the inner tube and the outer cover for partially or entirely bearing the tension and bearing the pressure of the stuffing materials. The tension applied to the outer cover could be lessened, so that the lifespan of the outer cover could be prolonged. The tension band could be made of plastic, rubber, metal and any compound thereof. Furthermore, the tension band could be formed as gluing materials, metal meshed strip, fabric strip. It is noted that the tension band has a soft super-surface. The outer cover of the rubber tire could be adhered to the tension band, or otherwise, overlapped with the tension band by the inside tension.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a fluid injection apparatus for a steel-tired wheel, the fluid injection apparatus comprises an air pump (water pump), an injector, and a mud pump, which employs the mechanism well applied within the art.
Accordingly, the stuffing materials could be changed from time to time so that the load-bearing property of such steel-tired wheel could be improved, the volume of the tire is reduced and weight is lightened. The security could be guaranteed.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an efficient transmission method and apparatus to be used in trains, motored vehicles, motorcycles, bicycles, and for driving blades of fans, propellers, water pump, and air pump, as well as for driving entertaining wheels or wheeled toys.
The present invention provides a transmission method and apparatus for driving electrical vehicles, magnetized vehicles, air-driven vehicles, wherein the dynamic force provided by the engine is finally applied on peripheral edge of the wheel. The peripheral portion refers to a portion exceeding one third of the wheel diameter, and poisoned above the elevation of the center of the circle, or applied to the space beyond the circumferential edge of the wheel. Or otherwise, the stress mechanism or stress structure is positioned to railed wheel having peripheral portion. Or otherwise, a bearing gear is attached on the wheel axis, wherein the diameter of the bearing gear is at least no less than one third of the wheel diameter. Or otherwise, there is a drive gear defined on the axis of the wheel, and an inside-engaging ring is disposed on the steel ring, wherein the drive gear is adapted to drive the inside-engaging ring via an intermediate gear. Or otherwise, axis of the motor is further coupled with a drive gear which is directly engaging with the peripheral portion of the wheel. Or otherwise, the center axis of the drive gear is positioned beyond the wheel.
The rim transmission, as its name implies, refers the transmission means positioned on the peripheral portion of the wheel. For instance, the wheel of train comprise an enlarged wheel rim on which the transmission means is provided for driving the wheel rim as well as the main wheel into rotation. The rim transmission is well recognized as a kind of gear-transmission, pulley transmission, friction transmission, bar-linkage transmission, chain-linkage transmission, and combined transmission thereof. Within the art, the rim transmission is used for commuting bus, wherein the inside engaging ring is disposed along the inner wall of the steel ring of the wheel, one end of the transmission shaft is connected with a drive gear having a relatively smaller diameter for outputting a dynamic force. It is worth to mention that the diameter of the drive gear is larger than the diameter of the transmission shaft and of certain rigidity. One or more intermediate gear could be disposed between the drive gear and the inside engaging ring, and such intermediate gear could be positioned above the drive gear or parallel with the center axis of the drive gear to form an inside gear arrangement. The drive gear is capable of driving the intermediate gear, which in turn will drive the main wheel into rotation via the inside engaging ring.
While an electrical vehicle is moving, one electrical motor is capable of driving one or more wheel into motion, wherein the drive gear is coaxially coupled to a drive shaft of the motor to be driven so as to drive the wheel rim into rotation. Or otherwise, the main drive gear of the motor is extended into the steel ring, in which the inside engaging ring is defined, so that the drive gear is capable directly driving the steel ring into rotation. Or otherwise, the motor could be installed the vehicle body positioned adjacent to the wheels, or directly mounted to the drive axis. Accordingly, for most diesel engines, the transmission shaft could be shift from the center axis to the peripheral portion of a wheel.
In case of the transmission means is disposed on the peripheral portion of a train wheel, the stress or bearing portion will be positioned beyond the circumferential surface of the wheel, so the driving power could be significantly reduced. For those fans, propellers, a bearing gear could be coaxially disposed on the blade wheels to enable the rim transmission design.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a transmission method and apparatus, wherein the wheel comprises a bull wheel (large wheel) and a pony wheel (small wheel), the bull wheel is directly grounding formed, and the pony wheel is adapted for moving the vehicle body. It is noted that the pony wheel could be replaced by a trolley or a sliding block; alternatively, the bull wheel is functioned as a rotor of the wheel motor; or otherwise, the trolley or the sliding block, or the pony wheel is functioned as a stator of the wheel motor. Or otherwise, the wheel motor comprises a magnetized region; or otherwise, the wheel motor is adapted for driving the wheel rim; or otherwise, a vehicle, including electrical vehicle, wherein the motor for driving the vehicle is wheel motor or high speed motor, or varying-speed motor; or the electrical vehicle comprises an electricity quantity conversion device or an electrical shaft device.
It is noted that power efficiency of the rim transmission is limited by the predetermined length of the drive arm. The bull wheel, namely outside wheel or landing wheel, has a relative larger diameter in comparison with the pony wheel, and an inside cavity. The bull wheel is positioned outside the pony wheel so as to fully cover the pony wheel and bearing any dynamic force transferred from the pony wheel. The bull wheel is equipped with an outer cover. The bull wheel is moveably connected to the vehicle, that is to say the bull wheel is capable of move with respect to the vehicle body within a predetermined range. The bull wheel could transmit the power, and simultaneously be movable without derailing. The front-back movement of the bull wheel refers to the center axis of the bull wheel is shifting with respect to the vehicle body, while keep a stable elevation with respect to the ground during the rotational motion. Such front-back movement could be embodied by prolonging the round hole to form a slotted hole defined on the center axis of the wheel. There is several spacing method for limiting the bull wheel, one of such method is axis spacing, wherein a fixed shaft is provided to the bull wheel, and a slotted hole is defined on the vehicle body, so that the shaft is movable within the slotted hole for coupling the vehicle body.
Alternatively, a shaft is affixed to the vehicle body, the shaft is penetrating the center hole of the bull wheel and a slotted hole is defined on the bull wheel so that the shaft is restrictedly moveable within the slotted hole. Secondly, the peripheral spacing could be applied wherein the peripheral spacing device are provided to the vehicle body. Thirdly, the pony wheel spacing method introduces the spacing device on the pony wheel. For example, the pony wheel could be embedded into the grooves or ribs of the bull wheel to be affixed. The bull wheel and the pony wheel could be commonly located, wherein a pair of bull wheels is coaxially coupled through a pony wheel. The bull wheel should be of certain rigidity so that the spokes and supporting frame are not subject to deformation. The spoke structure of the bull wheel could be of plate type to strengthen the intensity and to enclose the interior. The transmission means is applied to the lower portion of the pony wheel. The pony wheel, also called inside wheel, is not adapted to be grounded. Here, the pony wheel refers to the small wheel being moveable within the bull wheel. The function of the pony wheel is to couple with the vehicle body and to bear the transmission force from the bull wheel, and finally driving the vehicle body moving along with the bull wheel. It is note that the pony wheel could be replaced by trolley or sliding block, wherein the trolley refers to the small sized vehicle disposed within the bull wheel and the sliding block refers to member having a sliding surface with respect to the bull wheel.
It is noted that diameter of the bull wheel and pony wheel are dependent according in applications. And the rolling mode of pony wheel within the bull wheel is of a variety of options. The first option is steel wheel rolling motion, like metal wheel rolled on a crawler track. The second option is tired wheel rolling motion, wherein the pony wheel comprises tires for facilitating the rolling motion. The third option is gear wheel rolling motion, wherein the bull wheel and pony wheel form an inside gear assembly. The fourth option is track rail rolling motion, wherein the pony wheel comprises a wheel edge being movably engaged on the rail defined on the bull wheel.
Here, the contacting surface between the pony wheel and bull wheel could be flat surface, or be of groove, ridge, rib, and teeth structure. The pony wheel is rotatably mounted to the vehicle body by the conventional coupling means for mounting the wheels to the vehicle body. Alternatively, there is an affixed shaft defined in the pony wheel, wherein the shaft is rotatable within the vehicle body. Or otherwise, the stationary axis is positioned within the vehicle body, the pony wheel or trolley is rotatable along the stationary axis. Or otherwise, the bull wheel and the pony wheel are fixedly connected; the sliding block replaces the pony wheel. While the gear structure is applied, the pony wheel could share the inside engaging ring of the bull wheel so as to form two inside gear assembly. The inside engaging ring employs the linkage chain structure, wherein the linkage chain is disposed within the bull wheel to replace the inside engaging ring, and the pony wheel is embodied as a curved sliding block, slidably moveable within the bull wheel. The trolley comprises a plurality of trolley wheels, spacedly allocated along the inner circumferential edge of the bull wheel. The bull wheel is not rotating along the axis, or leveraged along the axis, but leveraged by the pony wheel, so that the center axial shaft is front and back movable with respect to the vehicle body for ensuring the transmission requirement.
Compared with the traditional techniques, the transmission apparatus and method according to the present invention is energy efficient, power savable. As a result, the combustion engine or electrical engine could utilize less powered and less consumption motor to achieve desirable working output. The present invention welcomed for solving the energy crisis all around the world. Furthermore, the variety of transmission means mentioned in the present invention could be widely used in all applications, for example, for a common bus, only the change of the wheel will enable such rim transmission into embodiment.
Furthermore, the transmission efficiency of the bull wheel is impressive for solving the long time difficulty of lower efficiency of the electrical vehicles. The leveraged dynamic power further facilitates the maneuverability of such vehicles. In an inclined slope, the bull wheel will provide a relative energized power to overcome the steep slop and prolonged slope, and well control the advancing velocity of the vehicle. As a result, the brake function of conventional vehicle will be off the burden.
Accordingly, a primary object of the present invention is to provide a convenient and efficient energy supplying method and devices for embodying such energy supplying method. The present invention provides an energy conversion method so as to replace the conventional energy charging method. More specifically, the present invention provides a method for an energy-consuming body to obtain dynamic force energy, wherein the energy-consuming body refers to a main body supplied by energy to be performed, and the energy includes electrical power, fuel gas, fuel oil. Here, the electrical power includes energy from storage battery, dry battery, fuel cell battery, the fuel gas refers to combustible gas, and the fuel oil refers to combustible gas. So, the method provides an energy-consuming body comprises a universally sized energy container, and a plurality of energy exchanging stations provided along a route on which the energy-consuming body traveling, wherein each of the energy exchanging station reserves a plurality of fully charged energy container, so that when the energy-consuming body is docked in, the depleted energy container could be replaced by the fully charged energy container, and unloaded depleted energy container will be recharged at the energy exchanging station.
Accordingly, the charged energy container refers to the container having sufficient energy; the depleted energy container refers to the container having insufficient energy. The container refers to means for containing or controlling energy. The energy container comprises storage battery, dry battery, gas storage container, oxygen storage container or any power source for supplying electrical energy. In the present invention, the energy-consumption body equals to energy-obtaining body. As a result, the empty gas tank, depleted storage battery could be referred to depleted energy container.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for a vehicle or a vessel to obtain dynamic force energy, wherein the dynamic force energy refers to electrical power source for driving the vehicle and vessel into operation, comprising storage battery, dry battery, fuel cell battery, wherein the vehicle and vessel are provided with universally sized electrical power source, and a plurality of electricity charging station provided at a predetermined locations, each of the station has sufficient such electrical power source, so that when the vehicle and vessel are power shorted, the user could dock the vehicle and vessel into nearby electrical charging stations to replace the depleted power source with replenished power source. On the other hand, the depleted power source could be recharged at the electrical charging station.
According to the present invention, the energy power sources are exchanged at a plurality of energy exchanging stations, so that the depleted or shorted power source could be replenished. Or otherwise, the energy power source could be exchanged by power exchanging vehicles, a movable power exchanging station. Here, the power exchanging vehicle refers to a kind of vehicle for installing and delivering energy power source to energy-consuming vehicle. Here, the electrical power source refers to the electricity supplying means, such as storage battery.
Accordingly, such energy exchanging method could be analog to the method to exchange an empty fuel gas container with a full gas container at a gas station. Another approach is to exchange the vehicle. For example, if an electrical vehicle is energy shorted, the driver could drive such vehicle to a nearby energy exchanging station to change a new vehicle, instead of a fully charged energy power source.
Therefore, the conventional gas tank, fuel gas container of common vehicles could be prepared with a universal size and shape. In case of a car is short of gas, the driver could find a nearby energy exchanging station to exchange a new gas tank, rather than refill the gas tank. Preferably, such method is effective to reenergize vehicle driven by the compressed-gas. Generally, such kind of compressed-gas driven vehicle requires a long period of time to be refilled. Due to the energy exchanging method, the vehicle could be reenergized immediately at the energy exchanging station.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a replaceable battery, which is universally sized and shaped, being complied with standard so as to be used as a ready energy source in routine applications. The replaceable battery comprises an attaching coupler for detachably mouting to an energy-consuming body, an electrical coupler which is electrically connected with the energy-consuming body so as to outputting energy to the energy-consuming body, and a wheel assembly provided to the battery for facilitating the movement of the battery, and a casing for preventing the battery from being damaged.
Generally, the battery comprises two or more battery units combined together, or otherwise, comprises only one bulky battery unit. In addition, the battery of the present invention is a kind of replaceable battery disposed to a vehicle body. Unlike traditional vehicle battery having recharging device provided thereon, the replaceable battery is adapted to be detachably mounted to the vehicle body. Whenever the battery is energy shorted, the user could find a nearby energy station to remove such depleted battery and exchange a full charged battery.
The replaceable battery is of universal standard, i.e. all replaceable battery are universally sized, shaped and structured. The attaching arrangement is embodied as an instant attach/detach arrangement, which employs the weight or springing force for efficiently and timely positioning the battery to the vehicle body. It is noted that there are several coupling structure available for mounting the battery to the vehicle body, such as the battery is embodied as a drawer to be inserted into a receiving cavity defined on the vehicle body, or otherwise, the battery is detachably hanged to an engaging loop provided to the vehicle body, and so on.
Furthermore, the replaceable battery comprises a plurality of battery units, and an outer casing for fastening the battery units to form a single battery stack. The replace battery could be sealed off so as to block any impurity, water, dust and electricity leakage. Accordingly, the corresponding coupling structure and receiving space are provided at the vehicle body for efficiently and accurately receiving and affixing the replaceable battery.
It is noted that electricity outputting means of such replaceable battery are of universal standard too. That is to say, the electricity outputting plug of the battery, the plug socket received in the vehicle body, the plug/socket coupling rigidity and coupling manner should be standardized. What is more, the electricity outputting means of the battery should be coupled with a secure and reliable manner, so as to withstand an extensive and turbulent shaking.
It is well known that the energy obtaining method for electricity power source is recharging process. According to the present invention, the battery is recharged too. However, the recharging time, process, and location is different. According to the present invention, the recharging process could be arranged in a collective manner, a standardized manner with an industrial manufacturing scale. For instance, the recharging process could be arranged at a time avoiding the energy consumption peak time so as to improve the charging quality, optimally utilize the electricity energy.
Another object of the present invention is to provide vehicle, vessel, and airplane equipped with such replaceable power source, wherein the power source storage chamber are correspondingly sized, shaped, and structured to receive such replaceable power source. And the vehicles, vessels could be provided more than one power source supply units, so that when one of such power source supply unit is energy shorted, the reserving power source supply units could be activated to ensure a substantial power supply.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for supplying energy to rechargeable dry battery, wherein the depleted dry battery are collectively charged at a predetermined location, such as an energy exchanging station. As a result, the power charging process could be arranged at a power consumption valley time.
Another object of the present invention is to provide power driven bicycle, comprising a power source unit, wherein the power source unit could be a built-in power source, or a replaceable power source.
Accordingly, the present invention solves the conventional drawbacks of the energy charging process. The energy charging process is efficiently accomplished at the energy exchanging stations. Since the energy exchanging process is so prompted, the cruising continuality of the energy consuming body, such as a vehicle, could be significantly improved. Furthermore, the energy exchanging stations could be dispersedly allocated, so that energy exchanging body could be energized from time to time.
What is more, a lot of conventional energy consuming objects, such as mobile phones, electrical means, home electrical appliances, could be charged according to this method. The conventional charging device installed into the energy consuming body could be eliminated. Furthermore, the present invention provides an intermediate approach to solve the electricity of the combustive engine. And such charging process could be arranged at a power consumption valley time.
The present invention introduces a method for conserving the power network, electrical energy storage and conversion. It is well known there are energy consumption peak time and valley time. However, the energy supplying and conserving system are not arranged in such an energy consumption valley time.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for supplying and conserving valley time electricity energy to a storage battery, when the electricity demand is less than the electricity supply, the storage battery will be charged, on the other hand, if the electricity is more than the electricity supply, the storage battery will instead charge the power network. The reciprocal transferring process could be automatic, or be manually operated. It is noted that the storage battery is of giant size having a plurality of dry battery unit.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a power network energy conserving system, comprising a power network, a storage battery electrically connected with the power network, and an electrically charging device disposed between the power network and the storage battery, wherein during an electricity consumption peak, the storage battery is charged by the power network through the charging device, and during an electricity consumption valley, the storage battery is capable of supplying electricity energy to the power network.
Accordingly, the present invention broadens the application fields of the storage battery. The transportation means, mechanic equipment, illumination means, electrical appliances, could be charged by the storage battery.
Meanwhile, the power network could be disposed nearby the application locations for supplying electrical energy to storage battery, during a power consumption valley time, the storage batter could be automatically charged. For example, the punch machine could be provided with such storage battery, during a power consumption valley time, the storage battery is automatically charged so as to drive the punch machine into performance later. In addition, the vehicle could be supplied by the storage battery, which is replaceable at energy exchanging station.
These and other objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, the accompanying drawings, and the appended claims.
Referring to
The two sidewall of the outer cover 1 are relative shortly defined, so that only a smaller volumetric space are formed between two sidewalls of such outer cover 1. Preferably, the volumetric space formed between two sidewalls of the outer cover 1 occupy no more than one fifth of volumetric space of inner cavity of the wheel. Furthermore, the outer cover 1 could be defined as a flat shaped element, therefore no volumetric space could be formed at all by the outer cover 2.
Contrarily, the steel ring 2 defines a relatively larger volumetric space within the wheel, preferably, more than half of the whole volumetric space of the inner cavity. As a result, the circumferential edge of the steel ring 2 could be extending close to the ground in a range lower than 5 cm. In case of a blowout accidents happened, the circumferential edge of the steel ring could land easily without causing any uneven wheels so that the security could be ensured.
If the landing portion 4 is concavely curved up, the turning radius on the landing portion of the wheel, i.e. the height of h, should be correspondingly shortened. However, the radius of other portion of the wheel are not shortened; instead, a front portion should be prolonged. As a result, the rotational resistance will be increased. If the landing radius of the wheel are maintained unchangeable, other portion positioned adjacent to the landing portion are well above the ground, which is apt to be gravitating towards the ground, so as to facilitate the rolling motion of such wheel.
For the conventional air-filling steel-tired wheel, the landing portion is inevitably flatted, and the turning radius will be significantly shortened. According to the present invention, the landing portion will be laterally straightened, so that the turning resistance is reduced. It is noted that as the number of wheel increased, the loading pressure on each of the wheel will be lessened, so that the landing radius will be maintained at a stable level. The present invention just utilizes this mechanism.
The plastic membrane 3 could be changed to plastic membrane inner tube which is shaped and sized matching with the inner cavity defined by the outer cover 1. The thickness of the plastic membrane is no more than 1 mm. It is noted that volume of the inner tube under normal circumstance is larger than the volume of the inner cavity of the wheel, so that tension force from the stuffing materials will not cause the inner tube into deformation as well as damage. What is more, the stuffing materials are not protruded outside, so the permeability will well maintained.
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At the same time, a reinforcement arrangement could be used for the steel ring 202, such as binding or trimming process could be employed for protecting the steel ring edge, and a curved edge design is much desirable. Therefore, the bordering edge of the steel is not susceptible to be deformed or seriously damaged.
The inner tube 301 could be further divided into two or more parts for simplifying the assembly and maintenance. In case of a blowout accident happened, the inner tube could be utilized as temporary inner support. The stuffing materials for the inner tube could be selected from cream substance, gluing substance being pre-treated to be filled into such steel ring. The outer cover 11, encasing around the circumferential of the wheel, has certain rigidity and elasticity, and is tight contacted with the tension layer 302.
The chafer structure according the present invention refers to the interlocking structure coupling the outer cover and steel ring. The tension layer 302 is disposed between the inner tube and outer cover, and together with the outer cover, for encasing the inner tube so as to retain the pressure applied by the stuffing materials of the inner tube. It is noted that the retention layer could be adhered to the outer cover, so that when the outer cover is changed, the tension layer could be torn off from the outer cover to be reused. The tension layer 302 could be prepared by the techniques of manufacturing belt. Here, the outer cover 11 is flat shaped, so there is no inner cavity defined, and the tread is defined on the outer circumferential surface of the outer cover.
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As their name implied, the baggy inner support 13 is pocket shaped and the spherical inner support is sphere shaped. Such sub-inner tube could be disposed freely within the inner cavity, just acting a flowing medium for bearing load pressure and for preventing any blowout accident.
Furthermore, the inner support could be embodied as strap shaped, or segment shaped, so that such sub-inner support could be winded up within the inner cavity to function as an inner tube and an inner support. It is noted that stuffing materials filled into such sub-inner tube are as same as the stuffing materials of the present invention.
The bagged shaped inner support could be prepared by one or more, depending on different conditions. Such sub-inner tubes could be longitudinally or transversely disposed within the inner tube. The inner support could be employed to bearing the compressure, or used complementarily with other stuffing materials to achieve the bearing function. The tire as shown in
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The interface is defined between the inner tube and the outer cover. And the foamed inner support could be further divided into a plurality of sub-supports, or intermixed with fluid, semi-fluid stuffing materials to be embodied as stuffing member to be received into the inner cavity. It is noted only a small amount of stuffing fluid is needed for preparing the wheel.
The present invention further provides a method for preparing such inner support. First of all, an inner support strap is prepared, such inner support strap is elongate shaped, or spirally shaped, or disc shaped, having a length twice the circumferential length of the inner support. Afterwards, a predetermined length of such strap is segmented to be winded into a concaved groove defined along the inner circumference of the steel ring. The joint portion could be adhered, or directly prepared to form a single ring-shaped inner support. The outer cover employed by conventional vehicles has a curvature shaped cross section, which is not suitable for maintaining a stable turning radius. Here, according to the present invention, the cross section of the outer cover is rectangular shaped, so that the turning radius is maintained at a stable length.
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Alternatively, the middle portion of the outer cover could be thickened for achieving such compensating effects. Conclusively, such kind of chafer arrangement could efficiently ensure vehicles equipped with such wheel operable under varying circumstances, and maximally increase the landing area.
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Due to the inside pressure, the coupling joint is capable of coupling with each other during applications. Accordingly, the outer cover of such wheel could be prepared as well, and the foamed inner support could be prepared by such method as well.
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It is well known within the art that tire-repairing injection fluid could be filled into the tire for sealing off the small openings. It is noted that at least one third of the volumetric space will be filled into such injecting fluid.
However, the conventional injecting fluid only is functioned as energy saving function, not for bearing pressure as frame support. Conclusively, the present invention provides a steel-tired wheel, combining support, heat transferring, security, efficacy function together.
Referring to
The outer baffle plate A9 is adapted to ward off the dust, dirt or any impurity so as to protect the gear assembly, and to position and decorate the transmission arrangement. The inner baffle plate A8 and outer baffle plate A9 both comprise reinforcement ribs, tucked edge and draw bead for further improving the rigidity and overall performance. Each of the inner and outer baffle plate has four screw-bolt holes A10, for receiving the screw. The outer baffle plate further comprises a sealing edge A11, which is selected from a group consisting of rubber edge, film edge or gluing edge, being soft and friction proof so as to block dirt and water into the steel basin. The transmission arrangement further comprises bearing device A7.
As the Figs illustrated, the ultimate force will be applied on the upper rim of the wheel so as to drive the wheel into rotation. The upper portion of the wheel, ranging from the inside engaging ring to the circle center, is functioned as a power arm. On the other hand, the lower portion of the wheel, ranging from the circle center to the circumferential edge, is functioned as a resisting arm. Since the power arm is shorter than the resisting arm, the power consumption could not be saved according to the leverage mechanism. Compared with the prior art which employs the shaft radius as a resisting arm, the present invention employs the wheel radius as the resisting arm to reduce the energy consumption. The intermediate gear A3 is disposed above the elevation of the main drive gear A2.
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The outer baffle plate A18 has a large slot A16 and a small slot A17 defined thereon, respectively for inserting the vehicle shaft A12 and the transmission shaft A15. It is noted that the transmission shaft A15 could be the shaft of an electrical motor. The transmission gear A14 is rotatable above the wheel so as to form a wheel rim transmission device. In
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The transmission gear is positioned above the rear wheel A38, i.e. the upward side of the landing portion, so that the wheel-axis and active pulley mechanism could be substantially utilized to save the energy consumption. After the rotational speed is increased, the speed of the wheel will be increased as well. Alternatively, the electrical motor could be disposed to the transmission gear, to directly driving the rear wheel A38. The spokes of wheel are not shown in the Figure.
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The force bearing point could be disposed beyond the wheel rim, for example, the wheel rim of the train wheel. The radius of the center circle A53 is one third of the diameter of the wheel A52, and is positioned above the line cd. That is to say, any point of the region beyond the center circle could be embodied as dynamic force bearing point. The line ab is the elevated center line of the wheel. The area adjacent to the elevated center line could be employed as the bearing point. As shown in the Fig, the height of h.sub.1 is one third of the height h.sub.2, thus indicating any area well above the one third of the height of the wheel could be used as the force bearing point to receive the driving force.
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Accordingly, the conventional positioning means, such as positioning groove, projected ridge, and upward stopper could be defined on the trolley wheels to ensure the trolley disposed at a fixed position with the bull wheel. Furthermore, the trolley wheel comprises chafers for moveably and longitudinally engaging with the bull wheel.
What is more, the trolley could be replaced by the sliding block, which is slidely moveable with respect to the bull wheel. The lubricating means could be used for facilitating the sliding movement. It is noted that the volume of the trolley frame could be increased to extend the circle center of the bull wheel, so that the electrical motor and transmission gear could be installed thereon. However, only the trolley wheels are fixed to the bull wheel, while the trolley frame is not fixed to the bull wheel A54 for affecting the movement of the bull wheel A54.
Meanwhile, the trolley frame could be functioned to position the bull wheel wherein the trolley frame comprises grooves which is shaped and sized mating the projected tongue defined on the bull wheel A54, so that by inserting the projected tongue into the grooves, the bull wheel A54 is capable of being positioned by the trolley frame. Under a normal circumstance, the project tongue and the groove are not engaged, wherein a clearance is defined therebetween, however, under an abnormal circumstance, the groove will block the projected tongue from going further so as to longitudinally or axially position the bull wheel.
There is a plurality of transmission mode applied to the bull wheel. For instance, one vehicle could comprise only one bull wheel, that is to say, only one of the wheels of the vehicle is driven by the bull wheel. Or otherwise, the vehicle comprises a plurality of bull wheel functioning together to drive the vehicle into movement. In case of more than two bull wheels are utilized, the bull wheels could be coaxially arranged or disposed on separated shaft. For instance, common bicycles and cars have a front and a rear shaft.
It is noted that two bull wheels could be axially aligned with a same orientation. The bull wheel comprises a follower gear being affixed to the bull wheel at opposed side or a single side so as to replace the bull wheel for receiving a transmission force. Alternatively, the follower gear is coupled to the axial shaft of the bull wheel, not being grounded for only bearing the dynamic force.
The diameter of the follower gear is less than the diameter of the bull wheel so that the follower gear could be easily detached from the bull wheel. Alternatively, the follower gear is fixedly coupled to one side of the bull wheel, wherein the diameter is identical or close to the diameter of the bull wheel. In the wheeled chair for those disabled people, the follower gear is functioned as the hand actuating wheel for driving the bull wheel into rotation, wherein the trolley is disposed within the bull wheel and the seat is attached onto the trolley.
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Accordingly, the gear structure of the present invention includes a variety of gear structure, such as straight gear, slanted gear, and columned gear. Here, the trolley A63 is round shaped and removably coupled with the bull wheel for positioning the bull wheel as mentioned above. The shaft of the trolley could be positioned along the vertical center line. As shown in
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The transmission gear sliding on the rectangular shaft could be adjusted by resilient member. If the resilient member is positioned biasing against the transmission gear, a manual adjustment could be applied. By uplifting or dropping the transmission shaft, wherein the retaining force will be reduced while the transmission shaft is uplifted and the retaining force will be increased while the transmission shaft is dropped. It is noted that the transmission gear is movably coupled to the base. The manual adjustment and the automatic adjustment could be combined together to achieve a desirable function.
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For the motor operation mechanism, the bull wheel A54 is functioned as a rotor, namely, outer rotor, and the pony gear A63 is functioned as stator, namely, inner stator. The bull wheel and pony wheel are prepared according to the rotor-stator structure. The shaft A60 is electrically charged by an electric brush. Only within the magnetic region, the rotor will be electrically charged to generate magnetic force. There is winding coil provided to the stator within the magnetic region. Certainly, the bull wheel and the pony wheel could be prepared according to the rotor manufacturing procedure, wherein the bull wheel is embodied as a rotor and the pony wheel is embodied as a stator. The magnetic force is generated along the circumferential portion of the bull wheel and pony wheel, for driving the bull wheel into rotation.
The magnetized bull wheel design eliminates the mechanic structure and enables the transmission system environment friendly, and more importantly, isolates the transmission system with outside. As shown in
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It is noted that the electrical motor could be installed to the vehicle body too. The spring B7 and the sliding plate B8 is disposed under the energy-consuming vehicle, wherein the sliding B8 is directly contacting with the energy-consuming vehicle so as to transferably load a fraction of the weight of the energy-consuming vehicle to the attaching coupler B3, which in turn transfers the weight load to the wheel assembly B1. Here, the electrical power outputting wire is adapted not only for outputting electrical energy, but also for carrying a plurality of signal lines so as to indicate information of the electrical power source vehicle to the energy-consuming vehicle. Whenever the information indicated the energy power of the energy exchanging vehicle is shorted or insufficient, the user of the energy-consuming vehicle could find another energy exchanging power source vehicle or energy exchanging station to charge the vehicle.
Due to the fact that the coupler and electricity outputting means are conveniently detachable, the charging process could be simplified. What is more, the energy exchanging vehicle could be embodied as a trailer dragged by a bicycle, or installed to a vessel to form a power source ship for supplying energy to vessels. Conclusively, the energy exchanging vehicle must be electrically connected with an energy-consuming vehicle for charging the energy-consuming vehicle. It is noted that the energy exchanging vehicle could be used for loading passenger and cargos, and the electrical motor could be installed to such electrical power source vehicle.
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To strengthen the intensity of the plug-socket structure, the plug could be prolonged and intensified so as to prevent any unwanted damage and loose connection. Furthermore, the energy power source could be divided into a plurality of types and standard for different applications, such as sedan standard, truck standard, bicycle standard, and universal standard. As a result, the battery of different brand could be interchangeably used so as to provide convenience to users.
Conclusively, the conventional coupling arrangement, plug-socket structure could be used in the present invention. There is no prior art disclosing any dry battery being used for supplying energy power to transportation means. According to the present invention, the energy-consuming vehicle could be driven by a dry battery, after the dry battery is energy shorted or depleted, the user could exchange such shorted dry battery at a predetermined energy exchanging stations to get a brand new dry battery. As a result, the depleted dry battery could be collectively reclaimed and treated with an industrial scale. And more importantly, the dry battery could be accessible to the user everywhere.
Furthermore, the energy supplying method according to the present invention could be applied to electrical appliance, illumination equipment, entertainment facilities.
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Alternatively, the energy consuming vehicle comprise a plurality of power source cavities, one of which is functioned as a storage cavity, so that when such energy consumption vehicle is stopped to be recharged, the battery removing and mounting procedure could be processed simultaneously. What is more, the energy consumption vehicle could be designed to have an automatic load/unload device for detach and attach such power source to the vehicle. For instance, a plurality of storage battery is stacked to form a battery unit, which is affixed to the bottom of the vehicle by an elastic hook. During the exchange procedure, the user could press a control button to open the elastic hook to release the depleted battery. Meanwhile, the fully charged batteries are supplied to the storage cavity, to be fastened by the resilient hook.
Here, it is noted that the resilient hook could be embodied as a sliding plate, or could be operated by electrical means, mechanic means, hydraulic means and air actuating means. The power source is tightly associated with relative means, so that the power source could be conveniently unloaded from the vehicle body.
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Here, the electrical groove B19 is another type of electrical coupling means wherein the whole elongated groove is embodied as an electrical outputting terminals, so one side of such electrical groove is applied as an anode, the opposed electrical groove is applied as a cathode. As a result, the electrical power source could be electrically connected through the electrical groove B19. The electrical receiving structure of the vehicle body could be embodied as a resilient member, being contacted with the electrical groove B19 in face to face manner.
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In short, the electrical vehicle comprises at least two power source chamber disposed at a lower portion of the electrical vehicle. During an energy exchanging process, the depleted power source could be unloaded from the chamber, and a fully charged power source could be loaded through another chamber. As a result, there is always a power source chamber being empty. Or otherwise, whenever a power source is energy shorted, an unload arrangement will automatically nudge such depleted power source into a releasing port so as to empty a space to load a fully charged power source.
One skilled in the art will understand that the embodiment of the present invention as shown in the drawings and described above is exemplary only and not intended to be limiting.
It will thus be seen that the objects of the present invention have been fully and effectively accomplished. Its embodiments have been shown and described for the purposes of illustrating the functional and structural principles of the present invention and is subject to change without departure form such principles. Therefore, this invention includes all modifications encompassed within the spirit and scope of the following claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 02126699.9 | Jul 2002 | CN | national |
| 02278550.7 | Jul 2002 | CN | national |
| 02278978.2 | Aug 2002 | CN | national |
| 03116364.5 | Apr 2003 | CN | national |
The present application is a continuation application of the U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/514,466 filed on Nov. 10, 2004 that is an US national stage of the PCT application No. PCT/CN03/00520 filed on Jul. 1, 2003, which claims the priorities of the Chinese patent applications No. 02126699.9 filed on Jul. 28, 2002, No. 02278550.7 filed on Jul. 30, 2002, No. 02278978.2 filed on Aug. 30, 2002 and No. 03116364.5 filed on Apr. 9, 2003, all applications are incorporated herein by reference.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 10514466 | Nov 2004 | US |
| Child | 12550564 | US |
