Patent Grant
10342227
The present invention is related to the field of pest, control and, more particularly, to plastic insect bait assemblies, especially for ants.
Numerous types of bait stations have been developed for attracting and killing insects, through provision of a supply of bait, normally one that is doped with an insecticide, and facilitating the application of the station at a location where it will attract and kill insects through ingestion of the edible bait. More specifically, various types of bait stations, of the type as identified, have been available for some time for attracting roaches, ants, and other type of pests.
For example, an integrally molded insect or ant bait stake is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,540,111 to Kraatz (“the '111 patent”), which is commonly owned by the assignee of the instant application. The full disclosure of the '111 patent is hereby expressly incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.
The ant bait stake of Kraatz is made of two halves that are essentially a mirror image of one another. Each half has an upper reservoir part and a stake segment. When the two halves are sealed together along abutting edges, the two reservoir parts form a whole reservoir that is filled with insecticide. The stake segments are also adhered to one another along their abutting surfaces to form a layered or laminated stake. The bottom of the stake is driven into the ground while the top of the stake extends slightly above the reservoir to form a top edge. The top edge provides a narrow surface that can be impacted, as by a hammer, to drive the stake into the ground. To open the reservoir and provide ants with access to the insecticide contained therein, the user must cut off one corner of the top edge to create an access channel into the reservoir.
Because the two mirror image halves form the insecticide reservoir, the seal between the halves needs to be perfect. Therefore, any defect during manufacturing that allows for a leak between the halves results in the device being unusable and a potential for harmful contamination. Further, the top edge of the stake must be of adequate stiffness and strength to withstand hammering or other application of force to drive the device into the ground. As a result, the user must rely on a separate opening device, such as a knife or scissors, to cut open one corner of the top edge.
Therefore, a need exists for an insect or ant bait stake that overcomes the foregoing drawbacks.
In view of the foregoing, the present invention is directed to an insect or ant bait stake having at least two components including an outer housing and an inner bait pack or reservoir that is separate from the outer housing. The invention is most often described hereinafter as an ant bait stake; however, it is understood that other small insect pests may also be advantageously drawn to the bait stake. Therefore, use of the term “ant bait stake” herein is not intended to limit the present invention to use of the stake for ants only but is intended to encompass any small pest insect.
According to a first embodiment, the outer housing has a main component and a minor component. The main component includes a bait pack compartment for receiving the bait pack, and a ground engaging stake that is integral with and extends below the bait pack compartment. The bait pack compartment includes a top plate having a flat upper surface and a bottom wall with a substantially flat bottom surface. The interior of the compartment receives the bait pack which has a stepped incline inside the bait pack to assist the ants in gaining access to the bait. The minor component includes a door coupled along one edge to the bait pack compartment of the main component by a living hinge. When the bait pack is positioned within the bait pack compartment, the door is pivoted on the living hinge and secured to the bait pack compartment of the main component to close off the bait pack compartment. Preferably the door includes an open slot or window which aligns with the stepped incline of the bait pack to allow the consumer to observe the ants climbing down and up the stepped incline of the bait pack.
The integral ground engaging stake extends below the bottom wall of the bait pack compartment and is configured as a V-shaped plate with a pointed tip to facilitate driving of the stake into the ground. The stake also includes ribs that extend generally perpendicular to the plate and increase the strength and buckling resistance of the stake. The top ends of the plate and ribs abut the bottom surface of the bait pack compartment bottom wall.
The flat upper surface of the top plate provides a stable surface for the consumer to push on when inserting the stake into the ground. The flat bottom surface of the bottom wall of the bait pack compartment acts as a positive stopping point for the depth of the stake when the stake is being inserted into the ground.
The bait pack compartment and the door include complementary structures that securely seal the bait pack compartment of the outer housing once the bait pack has been placed in the bait pack compartment and the door closed. Placement of the bait pack in the bait pack compartment is completed during manufacture so that the consumer does not have to undertake any assembly steps. The bait pack is preferably formed of clear or near-clear plastic and includes a neck portion with an access channel in the form of a break-away tab that extends outwardly of the side of the housing. By breaking off the tab, the access channel can be easily opened by the consumer without the need for any tools or other devices when the ant bait stake is ready for use. After the tab is removed, the outer edge of the reservoir neck portion protrudes only slightly from the side of the housing. When the insecticide in the ant bait stake has been consumed or the stake is made otherwise of limited effect, the consumer simply disposes of the entire ant bait stake as a unit.
According to a second embodiment, the outer housing and inner bait pack or reservoir have a substantially horizontal orientation in use. The housing includes a base member forming a bait pack compartment and a cover that is secured to the base member with a snap fit to enclose a bait pack in the bait pack compartment. As in the first embodiment, the bait pack includes at least one break-away tab having a neck portion with an access channel therein. The break-away tab extends outwardly of the side of the housing base member and is easily broken off by the user to open the access channel in the neck portion when the ant bait stake is ready for use. An integral ground-engaging stake projects downwardly from the lower surface of the housing base member and is substantially perpendicular thereto so that when the stake is pushed into the ground the housing lies substantially flat on the ground surface. The horizontal orientation of the housing with the bait pack therein places the access channel near ground level, making it very easy for ants crawling on the ground to find and enter the channel.
According to a third embodiment, the bait pack is slidably inserted into an opening formed in, or an open side of, an outer housing. The housing includes a bottom wall and a plurality of side walls that define a bait pack compartment. A ground-engaging stake extends downwardly from the bottom wall. The bait pack receiving compartment is accessible for insertion of the bait pack through an open top or an open side of the housing. The bait pack is held in place in the bait pack receiving compartment by a snug frictional fit between the outer edges of the bait pack and adjacent inner surfaces of the housing. The snug fit prevents the bait pack from falling out of the housing but also enables the user to remove and replace the bait pack while reusing the housing. At least one break-away tab having a neck portion with an access channel therein is formed in the side of the bait pack near the top thereof. The break-away tab extends outwardly from one of the side walls of the housing and is broken off by the user to open the access channel as in the previous embodiments.
According to a fourth embodiment, the housing has a slightly convex upper surface with a slightly concave lower surface that gives the housing a shell-type configuration. Extending downwardly from at least one edge of the shell-like housing is a ground engaging side wall that is preferably integral with the shell-like housing. A bait pack or reservoir is secured, against the concave lower surface of the housing, such as with a snap fit, and has at least one break-away tab including a neck portion with an access channel therein that extends outwardly through an opening in the ground-engaging side wall adjacent the shell-like housing's upper surface. In use, the ground engaging side wall or side walls are forced into the ground so that the generally convex upper surface of the shell-like housing has a horizontal orientation that is nearly flush with the ground surface. As in the second embodiment, the horizontal orientation of the housing and the bait pack places the access channel or channels of the bait pack near ground level, facilitating ant entry.
According to a fifth embodiment, the housing is configured as a substantially hollow capsule having a generally cylindrical upper portion with an open top and a conical lower portion with a pointed tip. Two opposing slits are formed in the side wall of the lower portion. The slits extend in a generally vertical orientation from an upper end near the cylindrical portion to a lower end that is spaced above the pointed tip. A bait pack having a generally rectangular shape is inserted into the open top and pushed downwardly into the conical lower portion. When fully inserted, the two bottom corners of the bait pack pass through the two opposing slits, respectively, to project outwardly from the conical lower portion at a point vertically spaced above the pointed tip, while the upper end of the bait pack projects above the rim of the cylindrical portion. The bait pack has at least one break-away tab including a neck portion with an access channel therein that extends outwardly from the bait pack upper end as in the other embodiments. In use, the cylindrical upper portion of the capsule and the upper end of the bait pack remain above the ground surface while the conical lower portion of the capsule, and the lower end of the bait pack inserted therein, are forced into the ground.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an insect or ant bait stake having a two-piece design including an outer housing and a separate reservoir or bait pack that is fully sealed prior to use to prevent any inadvertent release of its contained insecticide while being easily opened without tools prior to use of the bait stake and being disposable together with the housing when the bait stake is empty or otherwise no longer useful.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a molded polymer insect or ant bait stake in accordance with the preceding object in which the housing has a flat top panel that provides a stable surface for the consumer to press against, such as by stepping on, to force the bait stake into the ground, and having reinforcing structures so as to add sufficient strength to the stake during installation thereof.
A further object of the present invention is to provide an insect or ant bait stake in accordance with the preceding objects that includes a bottom wall with a flat bottom surface on the lower side of the bait pack compartment of the outer housing which provides a positive stopping point for the insertion depth of the stake into the ground.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an insect or ant bait stake in accordance with the preceding objects which has a separate bait pack with at least one break-away tab extending outside the housing to enable the consumer to easily create an opening into the bait pack through which ants can enter and exit without the need for any tools.
A still further object of the present invention is to provide an insect or ant bait stake in accordance with the preceding objects that is fully assembled and sealed during manufacture and disposed of as a unit after use.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a uniquely shaped insect or ant bait stake in accordance with the preceding objects that has a separate clear or near-clear plastic bait pack configured with a stepped interior in which the steps serve as landing areas for the ants as they move into and through the bait pack or reservoir to attain access to its insecticide, and an opening or window in the outer housing that enables the consumer to see the ants moving on the stepped interior.
Still a further object of the present invention is to provide an insect or ant bait stake in accordance with the preceding objects having a bait pack that is created using a flat piece of material off of roll stock that is folded in half, scored and then being fed through heating, forming and cutting dies to create the bait pack.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an insect or ant bait stake having a housing that is generally horizontal in use so as to be generally parallel with the ground, the horizontal orientation placing the access channel to the bait pack at or near ground level, making it very easy for ants crawling on the ground to find and enter the channel.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an insect or ant bait stake having a reusable housing and disposable bait packs that can be removed from and replaced in the housing by the user.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an insect or ant bait stake in accordance with the preceding object in which the bait packs are slidably received in the housing and retained therein with a snug frictional fit between the outer edges of the bait pack and adjacent inner surfaces of the housing.
A further object of the present invention is to provide an insect or ant bait stake in accordance with the preceding two objects in which the upper end of the bait pack is exposed or projects from the housing to facilitate removal and replacement of the bait pack.
A still further object of the present invention is to provide an insect or ant bait stake in accordance with the preceding three objects in which at least part of the bait pack is forced into the ground with a lower part of the housing.
Another object, of the present invention is to provide an insect bait stake that is not complex in structure and which can be manufactured at low cost and efficiently constructed, while being easy to use and effective in controlling ants and other insects.
These together with other objects and advantages which will become subsequently apparent reside in the details of construction and operation as more fully hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof, wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout.
In describing preferred embodiments of the invention illustrated in the drawings, specific terminology will be resorted to for the sake of clarity. However, the invention is not intended to be limited to the specific terms so selected and it is to be understood that each specific term includes all technical equivalents which operate in a similar manner to accomplish a similar purpose.
As shown in
The outer housing 12, shown in isolation in
The minor component 18 includes a door 30 coupled along one edge 32 to the bait pack compartment 20 of the main component 16 by a living hinge 34. When the bait pack 14 is positioned within the bait pack compartment 20 daring manufacture, the door 30 is pivoted on the living hinge 34 and secured to the main compartment 16 to seal the bait pack compartment 20. Preferably the door 30 includes a window 36 which allows the consumer to observe the ants climbing down the stepped incline 28 formed in the bait pack 14 as will be described hereinafter.
The bait pack compartment 20 includes a primary outer wall 40, a first side outer wall 42, a second side outer wall 44, the top plate 46 and the bottom wall 48. The terms “first” and “second” are intended only for clarity as either side could be designated the first side outer wall or the second side outer wall.
The first and second side outer walls 42, 44 are generally parallel with one another and spaced from one another by the top plate 46 and the bottom wall 48. Similarly, the top plate 46 and bottom wall 48 are generally parallel with one another and spaced from one another by the first and second side outer walls 42, 44. The four outer walls are each generally perpendicular to the primary outer wall 40. The wall 40 may be flat but is preferably slightly curved so that the outer side of the wall 40 is convex.
As shown in the enlarged partial views of
The first side outer wall 42 is coupled to the door 30 by the living hinge 34, best seen in
Each end of the second side outer wall 44 has an upwardly projecting member 74 formed adjacent a respective one of the upper backing ledge 54 and the lower backing ledge 64. Each projecting member 74 is spaced from its respective backing ledge 54, 64 by a narrow channel 78 (see
The door 30 has a primary door panel 82, a first door side panel 84 and a second door side panel 86. The first and second door side panels 84, 86 are generally parallel with one another and separated by the primary door panel 82. The primary door panel 82 may be flat but is preferably slightly curved so that an outer side of the primary door panel is convex. Preferably, the inner surface of the primary door panel 82 has ridges 81 that assist in locating the bait pack and also strengthen the door. As with the bait pack compartment walls, the terms “first” and “second” may be assigned to either side panel. However, having identified the first and second bait pack compartment walls in the manner discussed above, the first and second door side panels have been designated as set forth herein in order for their positioning to correspond with the first and second side outer walls 42, 44. Further, as used, hereinafter with respect to other components, the terms “first” and “second” are similarly assigned to correspond in position with other elements already so defined.
The primary door panel 82 has an upper edge 88 with an upper ledge 90 and a lower edge 92 with a lower ledge 94. As previously noted, the terms “upper” and “lower” refer to the positioning of the edges and their respective ledges relative to one another when the device is in use. The upper ledge 90 of the primary door panel 82 comes into abutment with the shoulder 52 on the inner side of the top plate 46 of the bait pack compartment 20 when the door is closed, thereby preventing the door from being pushed in. In a similar manner, the lower ledge 94 of the primary door panel comes into abutment with the shoulder (not shown) on the inner side of the bottom wall 48 of the bait pack compartment when the door is closed. The upper and lower edges 88, 92 are generally parallel with one another.
The first door side panel 84 is coupled to the first side outer wall 42 of the bait pack compartment 20 by the living hinge 34. The second door side panel 86 has a door cutout 100 in proximity to the upper edge 88 of the primary door panel 82. The door cutout 100 is preferably semicircular. A generally rectangular door cutout 102 is formed adjacent and on either side of the semicircular door cutout 100. The second door side panel 86 also has a first projecting clip 104 adjacent the upper edge 88 of the primary door panel and a second projecting clip 106 adjacent the lower edge 92 of the primary door pane 1. Each of the projecting clips 104, 106 has a hooked end 108.
Closing of the door is illustrated in the sequence shown in
Extending inwardly from the inner side of the primary outer wall 40 of the bait pack compartment 20 are two bait pack locating ribs 120, 130 (see
As shown in
When the two sides are sealed along their edges to form a single bait pack compartment, one of the bait pack halves constitutes an inner half and the other constitutes an outer half. As used herein the “inner” half is that side of the bait pack that is placed into abutment with the inner surface of the bait pack compartment, while the “outer” half is that side of the bait pack that is adjacent the door when the door is closed to seal the bait pack compartment 20.
The well 140 is generally rectangular and includes a primary wall 150, a first side wall 152, a second side wall 154, an upper wall 156 and a lower wall 158. The first and second side walls 152, 154 are generally parallel with one another and spaced from one another by the upper and lower walls 156, 158. Similarly, the upper and lower walls 156, 158 are generally parallel with one another and spaced from one another by the first and second side walls 152, 154. Each of the four walls is generally perpendicular to the primary wall 150. An interior view of the well 140 is shown in
According to one method of manufacture, the bait pack 14 is formed by folding a flat piece of film material 200 along a folding line 202 as shown in
As shown in
When the device is ready for use, the neck portion 142 projects from the first side wall 152 of the well 140 adjacent the corner formed by the intersection of the well first side wall 152 and the well upper wall 156 (see
The semi-circular projection 162 on the outer surface of the second side wall 154, formed during manufacture as described above is received within the semicircular cutout 122 formed in the first bait pack locating rib 120. While the projection 162 is a by-product of the manufacturing process, necessitating the cutout 122 in the first bait pack locating rib 120, the projection in conjunction with the cutout may also serve to secure the positioning of the bait pack 14 within the bait pack compartment 20.
Since only the inner half of the bait pack is received within the bait pack compartment, the outer half of the bait pack may be constructed without the molded semi-circular projection, i.e., the outer half of the bait pack does not have to be a mirror image of the inner half. A bait pack having differently shaped sides would be produced using a different pre-formed mold as would be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art. However, it is preferred that the two halves have identical structure for greater ease and simplicity in manufacture.
The pre-formed mold used to create the bait pack disclosed herein is shaped to form the stepped incline 164 of each half. After blow-molding of the bait pack, the stepped inclines 164 extend toward one another but do not extend fully across the interior of the wells so that there is a space between the two stepped inclines 164. The space is desirable to provide for manufacturing tolerances and also to prevent possible trapping of the bait as might occur if the inclines were in abutment with one another.
The stepped inclines 164 extend from the access channel 143 at the upper end of the first side wall 152, adjacent the well upper corner, downwardly to the lower wall 158 of the well adjacent the well corner that is diagonal to the well upper corner. The stepped inclines 164 make it easier for the ants to move from the access channel 143 in the neck portion 142 down into the bottom of the well 140 and then back up. The stepped inclines 164 also reduce the chances that the ants will drown which is desirable as it is intended that the worker ants consume the bait and then survive long enough to carry the liquid back to the nest and deliver a dose to the rest of the ant colony.
The stepped incline 164 in each half of the bait pack forms a correspondingly stepped recess 166 in the outer surface of the primary wall 150. The window 36 in the door 30 is preferably shaped to correspond with the stepped recess 166 in the primary wall 150 of the well 140, enabling the consumer to watch the ants as they move down and up the incline inside the well and/or to monitor a level of insecticide in the well. Because only the outer half of the bait pack is visible through the window 36 in the door 30, the primary wall 150 of the inner half of the bait pack may be constructed without the stepped recess 166, i.e., the outer half of the bait pack does not have to be a mirror image of the inner half. However, as already noted, it is preferred that the two halves have identical structure to simplify manufacture.
To place the bait pack in the bait pack compartment, the inner half of the bait pack is received within the bait pack compartment, while the outer half of the bait pack faces outwardly and will be adjacent the inner surface of the primary door panel 82 when the door is closed (see
When the door is closed, the neck portion on the outer half of the bait pack is received within the door cutout 100 while that portion 145 of the outer edge 144 of the bait pack that surrounds the outer end 141 of the neck portion 142 is received within the generally rectangular cutouts 102 formed adjacent and on either side of the door cutout 100. The bait pack is thereby locked in position within the bait pack compartment.
When sealed prior to use, the break-away tab 160 extends outwardly from the side of the halt pack (see
The integral ground engaging stake 22 extends below the bait pack compartment 20 and is configured as a V-shaped plate 181 with a pointed tip 182 to facilitate driving of the stake into the ground. The stake includes ribs 184 that are generally perpendicular to the plate 181 in order to increase the strength and buckling resistance of the stake 22. The top ends of the ribs abut the bottom wall 48 of the bait pack compartment 20. The bottom wall 48 of the bait pack compartment provides a flat surface 186 that acts as a positive stopping point for the depth of the stake when the stake is inserted into the ground. The flat upper surface 26 of the top plate 46 provides a stable surface for the consumer to push on when inserting the stake into the ground.
The two-part design of the ant and insect bait stake according to the first embodiment of the present invention ensures that the bait pack, which is separate from the stake housing and enclosed therein, is fully sealed prior to use to prevent any inadvertent release of its contained insecticide. The break-away tab allows the consumer to easily open the bait pack without tools prior to use of the bait stake. After the bait is depleted, the housing and bait pack are easily and neatly disposed of as a unit.
A second embodiment of the ant or insect bait stake according to the present invention, generally designated by reference numeral 250, is shown in
The housing 252 includes a base member 256 having a generally planar bottom wall 258 and upwardly directed side walls 260 that together define a bait pack compartment, generally designated by reference numeral 262.
As in the first embodiment, the bait pack includes at least one break-away tab, generally designated by reference numeral 275, having a neck portion 270 with an access channel 268 therein that extends outwardly through a cutout 267 in the side of the housing base member 256. As shown, the housing base member 256 can have two cutouts to accommodate bait packs having a dual access configuration (see
A ground-engaging stake 266 projects downwardly from the lower surface of the bottom wall 258 of the housing base member 256 and is substantially perpendicular thereto so that when the stake is pushed into the ground, the housing 252 has a substantially horizontal orientation in use, lying substantially flat on the ground surface. The horizontal orientation of the housing 252 and the bait pack 254 therein places the access channel 268 in the tab 275 of the bait pack near ground level, making it very easy for ants crawling on the ground to find and enter the channel 268. The stake 266 may be integral with the housing base member or removably attached thereto. The stake can be configured to be removable or folded, such as along a living hinge to a position parallel with the base member for more compact shipping and storage of the bait stake prior to use thereof. With such a configuration, the stake would include a locking structure to ensure that the stake is held in the vertical position and will not fold when the user pushes it into the ground.
A third embodiment of the ant or insect bait stake according to the present invention, generally designated by reference numeral 350, is shown in
With reference to
The bait pack 354 is slidably inserted through the open top 362 of the housing as shown by the arrow 370 in
The bait pack 354 fits in the bait pack compartment 366 with a snug frictional fit between the somewhat flexible side edges 390 of the bait pack and inner surfaces 391 of the side walls 360 of the housing 352. The snug fit prevents inadvertent separation of the bait pack and housing during normal handling thereof. The bait pack may, however, be grasped along its upper edge 374 and pulled out by the user and replaced with a new bait pack as necessary.
In the alternate design configuration of the bait stake 350a shown in
The further alternate design configuration of the bait stake 350b shown in
A fourth embodiment of the bait stake, generally designated by reference numeral 450, is shown in
As shown in
In both bait stakes 450 and 450a, the bait pack 454 or reservoir is secured against the concave lower surface 458, 458a of the shell-like housing 452, 452a, such as with a snap fit, and includes at least one break-away tab having a neck portion 476 with an access channel 478 therein. In the embodiments shown in
In use, the ground engaging side wall or side walls 460, 461 of bait stakes 450, 450a are forced into the ground so that the generally flat but slightly convex upper surface of the shell-like housing has a horizontal orientation that is nearly flush with the ground surface. As in the second embodiment, the horizontal orientation of the housing and the bait pack secured to the underside thereof places the access channel or channels of the bait pack near ground level, facilitating ant entry.
A fifth embodiment of a bait stake according to the present invention and generally designated by reference numeral 550 is shown in
The housing 552 is configured as a substantially hollow capsule having a generally cylindrical upper portion 556 with an open top 558 and a conical lower portion 560 with a pointed tip 562. Two opposing slits 564 are formed in the side wall of the lower portion 560. The slits 564 extend in a generally vertical orientation from an upper end 566 near the cylindrical portion 556 of the housing 552 to a lower end 568. The lower end 568 of the slits 564 is spaced above the pointed tip 562.
In the configuration shown in
In use, the cylindrical upper portion 556 of the capsule and the upper end 572 of the bait pack generally remains above the ground. The conical lower portion 560 of the capsule, aided by the pointed tip 562, provides the necessary rigidity to the bait pack 554 such that the lower end with bottom corners 568, 570 of the bait pack can be forced into the ground along with the housing. By pushing the entire housing into the ground, the access channel is brought near to ground level for ease of ant access while the bait pack is securely protected and held in place by both the housing and the ground into which it has been pushed, making the bait stake 550 very stable in use.
While not shown, the capsule housing and bait pack may be configured such that the bait pack does not project out of the sides or top of the housing. Instead, the bait pack may have a generally conical lower end and be fully contained within the housing, with only an outwardly extending tab near a top of the bait pack. If the top of the housing is open as shown in
The foregoing descriptions and drawings should be considered as illustrative only of the principles of the invention. The invention may be configured in a variety of shapes and sizes and is not limited by the dimensions of the preferred embodiment. Numerous applications of the present invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, it is not desired to limit the invention to the specific examples disclosed or the exact construction and operation shown and described. Rather, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention.
This is a continuation-in-part application of co-pending U.S. application Ser. No. 13/897,224, filed May 17, 2013, and hereby claims the priority thereof to which it is entitled.
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| Number | Date | Country |
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| 2002-320437 | Nov 2002 | JP |
| 2011-010629 | Jan 2011 | JP |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20160095302 A1 | Apr 2016 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 13897224 | May 2013 | US |
| Child | 14873542 | US |
