Patent Application
20160322742
Applicant claims priority under 35 U.S.C, §119 of German Application No 20 2015 102 167.4 filed Apr. 29, 2015, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an electric cable. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of the electric cable as a control line for a welding device, in particular in the automotive industry.
2. Prior art
Welding devices, in particular welding robots for automated industrial applications, require for their control electric cables which can withstand high stresses. It is required that such electric cables are flame-retardant according to different standards such as IEC 60332-2, VDE 0482-265-2-2 and EN 50265-2-2. Furthermore, they must be able to be withstand contact with welding beads, i.e. metal which melts and sprays during welding, over a long period of time
For the functional control of electric cables, control lights, such as, for example LEDs, can be provided on these. However, this control possibility has not existed for electric cables for welding devices until now. Even electric cables known today without control lights, which are used in welding devices, must be replaced regularly, as an exposure of cable wires occurs very often due to the rough conditions during welding. Conventional electric cables with control lights could not withstand these conditions even in the short term. It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide an electric cable which has a particularly high resistance to welding conditions and which can be used as a control line for a welding device, and which has at least one control light.
This object is solved by the electric cable according to the invention. This comprises at least one current brie having a first end and a second end, comprising several wires, a first plug connector which is arranged on the first end of the current line and at least one second plug connector which is arranged on the second end of the current line. Each wire has a wire insulation. All wire insulations are surrounded by a mutual coating and the coating is surrounded by an outer casing. The outer casing contains a perfluorocarbon and/or glass fibres. The plug connectors are each completely insert molded with the outer casing. At least one plug connector consists of a material which has, as component A, 98.0% by weight to 99.8% by weight of a polymer which is selected from the group consisting of polyurethane (PU), styrene butadiene block copolymers (SBS), perfluorocarbons and mixtures thereof, and which has as component B, 0.2% by weight to 2.0% by weight additives. The total of components A and B results in 100% by weight. The electric cable furthermore has a first connection nut which is arranged on the first plug connector and it has at least one second connection nut, which is arranged on a second plug connector. At least one light source is arranged in a first plug connector and/or in a second plug connector which consists of the material with components A and B. Each light source is configured in order to be supplied with electrical energy by means of at least one wire of the current line.
The arrangement according to the invention of the light source in a plug connector protects this from the conditions of a welding insert. The material of the plug connector thereby enables, on the one hand, an extraordinarily high resistance of the electric cable to the conditions of the welding insert. Therefore, it is in particular suitable for use as a control line for a welding device. On the other hand, this material, however, is also sufficiently translucent in order to enable a light emission of the light source through the plug connector. The material of the outer casing also has a high resistance to the conditions of a welding insert and a sufficient translucency.
The additives B were added to polymer A preferably as a master batch which contains no flame retardants. An opaquing effect of the flame retardant is hereby prevented. A sufficient flame resistance of the plug connector in order to withstand the conditions of a welding insert is already ensured by the inherent material properties of polymer A.
The material of the plug connector and of the outer casing is preferably not only translucent, but transparent. This enables a particularly good transmission of the light emitted by the light source through the plug connector.
An LED is preferred as a light source, as this has a high heat tolerance and emits only little heat itself. This is important as the material of the plug connector prevents the discharging of the heat.
The current line comprises at least two wires and preferably four wires. Therefore, it can be connected as a pole-rectified cable in which the magnetic fields of the four wires are partially compensated for The wires consist, in particular of Cu-ETP1 according to DIN EN 13602. They can, in addition to a function as control wires, supply the at least one light source with electrical energy.
The wire insulations preferably comprise a material which is selected from the group consisting of polyalkylenes, polyvinyl chloride and mixtures thereof. The coating preferably comprises a material which is selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, thermoplastic polyester elastomers, thermoplastic copolyesters and mixtures thereof. The following combinations of wire insulation material and coating material are particularly preferred: Wire insulation and coating made from polyvinyl chloride; wire insulation made from polyvinyl chloride and coating made from thermoplastic polyester elastomer; wire insulation made from polypropylene and coating made from polyurethane.
Optionally, an electrical shield can be arranged between the wire insulations and the coating. This preferably consists of metal fibres, particular preferably of nickel fibres.
The complete insert molding of the coating by the outer casing seals the transition between the current conductor and the plug connectors, in particular such that the electric cable according to the invention satisfies protection class IP67 according to the standard DIN EN 60529.
The glass fibres of the outer coating preferably consist of E-glass yarn (CAS no. 65997-17-3).
The outer casing preferably contains no flame retardants. An opaquing effect of the flame retardant in the region of the plug connector is hereby prevented. A sufficient flame resistance of the outer casing in order to withstand the conditions of a welding insert is already ensured by the inherent material properties of the outer casing.
The connection nuts each preferably comprise a perfluorocarbon.
Perfluorocarbons are understood according to the invention in particular as perfluoroalkanes, perfluorocoalkylenes, perfluoroalkoxy polymers and copolymers of methacrylates and perfluoroalkyl acrylates. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoroethylene propylene (FEP) and mixtures thereof are preferred.
The plug connectors preferably comprise a polyurethane which is based on a polyester, a polyether or a polyester ether as a polyol. Among these, a polyether is particularly preferred. Furthermore, it is preferred that the plug connectors each consist of a material that has a hardness of at least Shore 50D according to the standards DIN 53505 and ISO 868. The tensile strength of the material preferably amounts to at least 45 MPa according to DIN 53504. Its elongation at break preferably amounts to at least 425% according to DIN 53504. Its tear resistance preferably amounts to at least 140 N/mm according to DIN ISO 34-1Bb, Its abrasion preferably amounts to a maximum of 35 mm3 according to DIN ISO 4649-A.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are explained in more detail in the subsequent description.
The resistance of cables to welding conditions was investigated in comparative examples (VB1 to VB7) and examples according to the invention (B1 and B2) of electric cables. The structure of such an electric cable is shown in three embodiments in
The wires 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d consisted in all examples of Cu-ETP1 and each had a cross-sectional area of 0.34 mm2. The materials M12 of the wire insulations 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, the materials M13 of the coatings 13, the materials M14 of the outer casings 14, the materials M2/3 of the plug connectors 2, 3a, 3b, 3c and the materials M4/5 of the connection nuts 4, 5 are listed in Table 1:
Here, PVC stands for polyvinyl chloride, PP for polypropylene, PU for polyurethane, FEP for perfluoroethylene propylene, TPE-E for a thermoplastic polyester elastomer, glass for E-glass fibre yarn and aramid for para-aramid,
All materials M14 which are marked with an * were slid over the coating 13 as a tube (VB1 VB4). In the example in which the material M14 is marked with a #, the coating 13 was enveloped with the outer casing 14 and the plug connectors 2, 3a, 3b, 3c were completely insert molded with the material M14 of the outer casing 14 (B4). In all examples in which the materials M14 are not marked with an * or a #, the outer casing 14 was slid over the coating 13 as a tube and the plug connectors 2, 3a, 3b, 3c were completely insert molded with the respective material M14 of the outer casing 14 (VB5-VB6, B1-B3).
PVC Y17 (Shore hardness 90-95A) was used as a PVC for the wire insulation. PVC YM3 (Shore hardness AB0-65) was used as a PVC for the coating. PP9Y (Shore hardness 54D) was used as a polypropylene. TPU 11YH1 (Shore hardness 54D) was used as a PU for the coating. All combinations of wire 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, wire insulation 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d and coating 13 were provided by Franz Binder GmbH+Co. Elektrische Bauelemente KG Neckarsulm, Germany, as manufactured current lines. WIGAFLEX SV 13 of Garnisch GmbH, Memmingen, Germany was used as E-glass fibre yarn. Kevlar® of the company E. I. du Pont de Nemours, Wilmington. USA was used as a para-aramid. Teflon of the company E.I du Pont de Nemours, Wilmington, USA was used as an FEP. Transparent Elastollan 1154D (Shore hardness 530, tensile strength 50 MPa, elongation at break 450%, tear resistance 150N/mm, abrasion 30 mm3) of the company BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany was used as a PU for the plug connectors 2, 3a, 3b, 3c. A flame retardant free coloured granulate was used as a master batch. The percent specifications each refer to 100 percent by weight of the total material of the polyurethane and master batch.
All investigated cables were used as a control line in an intrinsically known welding device in 62,200 consecutive welding cycles. Only the electric cables according to the invention of examples B1 and B2 withstood these experimental conditions without at least one of the wires thereby being exposed. Consequently, these have a particularly high resistance to welding conditions.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 2015 102 167.4 | Apr 2015 | DE | national |
