The invention relates to a system for continuous molding of longitudinally slotted pipes from a flat material, having roll stands disposed one behind the other in the system direction, which stands each carry at least one roll, and to a method for continuous molding of longitudinally slotted pipes from a flat material, wherein the flat material is successively moved past multiple roll arrangements and bent accordingly.
A system and a method for continuous molding of longitudinally slotted pipes from a flat material is known from DE 31 50 382 C2, for example, whereby for this purpose, the flat material is pre-bent in U shape in a first roll stand, and then finish-formed by way of finishing rolls disposed in a subsequent roll stand. Likewise, EP 0 976 468 B1 and EP 0 250 594 B2 show such arrangements, whereby in the case of the latter, however, only one roll per roll stand are disposed one behind the other, which rolls can be positioned along a contour, within certain limits, in each instance, and the arrangement of the rolls, in each instance, varies from one roll stand to another. The first arrangement shows roll stands having two rolls disposed one behind the other in the system direction, which rolls are freely mounted on a roll support, so that they can follow a material movement within certain limits.
It is the task of the present invention to avoid possible markings on the product as much as possible.
As a solution, systems having the characteristics of claims 1 and 4 and methods having the characteristics of claims 6 to 8 are proposed. Further advantageous embodiments are found in the following description and in the dependent claims. In this connection, the invention is based on the fundamental recognition that the task can be pursued, in targeted manner, by means of stabilization of the rolls as such.
As a solution, a system for continuous molding of longitudinally slotted pipes from a flat material, having roll stands disposed one behind the other in the system direction, which stands each carry at least one roll, is proposed, wherein the system is characterized in that at least one of the roll stands has a roll support that carries at least three rolls disposed one behind the other in the system direction, and is mounted freely on the roll stand that carries the roll support, by way of roll positioning means having a degree of rotational freedom parallel to at least one roll axis of a roll carried by the roll support and/or perpendicular to the material running direction of at least one roll carried by the roll support. This makes it possible to distribute the local press-down pressure of the rolls carried by the roll support or of the rolls successively acting on the flat material as uniformly as possible to the flat material, and, in particular, to significantly reduce instabilities. In particular, force peaks caused by vibration and similar instabilities and, accordingly, possible markings on the product can be avoided, as compared with the system according to EP 0 976 468 B1. In this connection, it has been shown that possible corrugations or other irregularities of the material to be molded, which can be found in the material to be molded, are not reinforced by means of three or more rolls that are disposed on a freely positioning roll support or by means of three or more freely positioning rolls, because two of the rolls stabilize one another and the third roll, if the third roll arrives at such a corrugation or at such an irregularity.
In particular, it is advantageous if the roll support is freely mounted on the roll stand with regard to the aforementioned degree of rotational freedom. Accordingly, it is advantageous if the three rolls that act on the flat material successively can freely position themselves relative to one another. In this manner, the rolling force can be distributed as uniformly as possible to the two rolls, so that the force applied to the flat material by one of the two rolls can be minimized, thereby accordingly minimizing the risk of markings.
Free positioning or free mounting can take place, for example, by means of a rocker-like mounting of the roll support or also by means of hydraulic mounting in the form of a hydraulic scale.
Accordingly, it is advantageous if the two rolls that act successively are guided jointly, because in this way they can be positioned freely relative to one another, in relatively simple manner.
In this connection, it should be emphasized that the term “roll stand” should be understood to mean arrangements that absorb the rolling forces and counteract them, in such a manner that the roll positions are maintained to a predetermined degree during rolling. In this connection, the rolling forces can be introduced into the building that surrounds the system, on the one hand, or preferably can be neutralized by way of correspondingly ring-shaped roll stands or roll stands closed in some other manner.
The possibility of free positioning of the roll supports brings about the result, in the solution mentioned above, that the axes of the two rolls are rigidly connected with one another, on the one hand, but on the other hand force differences balance out by way of the free positioning ability, so that the rolling forces of these two rolls are averaged out and therefore introduced into the roll stand in torque-free manner.
Accordingly, a method for continuous molding of longitudinally slotted pipes from a flat material, wherein the flat material is successively moved past multiple roll arrangements and bent accordingly, is also proposed, wherein the method is characterized in that the rolling forces of at least three rolls that act on the flat material successively are introduced into the roll stand in averaged manner, and/or three successively acting rolls freely position themselves, relative to one another.
In deviation from the state of the art, in which the work must be done with relatively large roll diameters, in order not to allow the rolling forces to act on the flat material in point-like manner, and thereby to avoid markings on the product, smaller rolls can be disposed closely one behind the other by means of the arrangement of three or more rolls on a roll support or by means of averaged rolling forces introduced into the roll stand, so that ultimately, these rolls put less stress on the flat materials, in terms of their local stress, than would be possible in the case of large rolls, in which the existing cross-sectional surface is naturally filled up quickly, purely in terms of space. In particular, it is also possible to reduce the risk of vibration and similar instabilities. The overdetermination that appears to exist, at first, makes such an essential contribution to the increase in quiet running that markings can be very effectively prevented in this way.
Preferably, the two rolls that successively act on the flat material are articulated jointly, so that they essentially behave like one roll.
Furthermore, it should be explained in this connection that here, the term “system direction” refers to the average pass-through direction of the material through the system. In this connection, the system direction stands perpendicular to the transverse direction, which is essentially defined by cross-sections of the flat material that pass through the system at the same time. Accordingly, the expression “one behind the other in the system direction” refers to an arrangement through which a cross-section of the flat material passes successively.
Such a system also has a material running direction, not averaged but rather locally, in each instance, that is locally defined by means of the movement of a point of the flat material, in each instance. Aside from natural oscillations or uneven running that occur(s) in such rolling processes, the material running direction remains constant at a point of the system, once the system has been broken in.
Preferably, the three rolls carried by the roll support are disposed one behind the other in the material running direction, so that at least one material point of the flat material that touches a first roll of the two rolls disposed one behind the other in the system direction also touches the second roll of the two rolls disposed one behind the other in the system direction. This touching, however, does not necessarily have to happen at the same axial height of the two rolls, so that the support can stand at a slight slant with reference to the material running direction. In this manner, the rolling force that is applied by way of the common roll support can be distributed in the flat material even further.
In this connection, it has turned out that a roll support should not carry more than ten rolls disposed one behind the other in the system direction or that the rolling forces of not more than ten rolls successively acting on the flat material should be introduced into the roll stand, in averaged manner, and/or that not more than ten successively acting rolls should position themselves freely relative to one another, because otherwise, the advantages of free roll positioning or of the corresponding averaging no longer come to bear.
The risk of markings can furthermore be reduced in that the roll support is disposed on the roll stand that carries the roll support, by way of roll positioning means, with a degree of rotational freedom perpendicular to a roll axis of a roll carried by it and/or parallel to the material running direction of the roll belonging to this roll axis. In this manner, the rolls disposed on the roll support can be positioned as optimally as possible with regard to the local curvature of the flat material in the transverse direction, in order to thereby also guarantee the most uniform force distribution possible in this manner.
The latter can be implemented, in terms of process technology, particularly in very simple manner, if the roll support, with reference to a degree of rotational freedom, is freely mounted on the roll stand that carries the roll support, perpendicular to a roll axis of a roll carried by the roll support and/or parallel to the material running direction of the belonging to this roll axis. By means of this free mounting, the roll support can position itself in such a manner that forces acting on the rolls in cross-section are minimized, thereby ultimately accordingly also bringing about minimization of the local forces and therefore a corresponding reduction in markings. In this connection, it is understood that this embodiment can be utilized, even independent of the use of a roll support, for the purpose of having a roll automatically position itself, with reference to the cross-section of the flat material, in a manner that is as gentle on the material as possible.
Accordingly, a system for continuous molding of longitudinally slotted pipes from a flat material, having roll stands disposed one behind the other in the system direction, which carry at least one roll, in each instance, is advantageous, in which system at least one of the rolls is mounted freely on the roll stand that carries the roll, by way of roll positioning means having a degree of rotational freedom perpendicular to a roll axis and/or parallel to the material running direction of the roll belonging to this roll axis or parallel to the material running direction of a roll carried by the roll support.
Likewise, a method for continuous molding of longitudinally slotted pipes from a flat material is advantageous as a solution, wherein the flat material is successively moved past multiple roll arrangements and bent accordingly, and wherein the method is characterized in that at least one roll freely follows the rolling forces, in each instance, perpendicular to its roll axis and/or parallel to the material running direction of this roll.
In total, the free positioning ability also has the advantage, in the case of a suitable configuration of the overall system, that the system can be positioned or adjusted relatively easily, because angle deviations between work piece and rolls that almost cannot be avoided, as such, because of the relatively complex deformations of the work piece for continuous molding of longitudinally slotted pipes, in the event of a change in the positioning or adjustment, in the case of rigid guidance, are automatically equalized within corresponding limits, as the result of the free positioning ability. This advantage already occurs in the case of free positioning ability merely in one dimension, whereby a combination of the free positioning ability perpendicular and parallel to the roll axis or perpendicular and parallel to the material running direction, as described above, is correspondingly cumulatively advantageous.
The above-mentioned degrees of rotational freedom can be made available by means of suitable guides or rotary or ball joints of the system. In this connection, it is generally easier to implement this, in terms of mechanical engineering, if the two above-mentioned degrees of rotational freedom are represented in a separate guide device or in a separate rotary joint, in each instance. This is done in particularly simple manner, in terms of construction, by means of rotary joints having bearing surfaces in the shape of a circular ring, which can be implemented, for example, by means of a hinge bolt that carries a swivel head of the movable module, introduced into a fork. In contrast, the structural simplicity has the disadvantage—depending on the concrete conditions—that the axis of rotation is also found coaxial to the hinge bolt. Here, greater degrees of freedom are offered by suitable guides, such as linear guides having curved running surfaces, for example. Such arrangements make it possible to implement significantly more complex movement sequences of the modules relative to one another, in each instance, so that the axis of rotation, in particular, can also be selected more freely, and—in the case of more complex movement sequences—can also be selected to be displaceable as a function of the positioning position of the modules that are movable relative to one another.
In this connection, it should be emphasized that from a structural aspect, both roller bearings and slide bearings of any kind can be used as suitable bearings.
Depending on the position of the axis of rotation of the above-mentioned degrees of rotational freedom, the overall arrangement, with regard to the rotary joint or the guide, can be in an unstable equilibrium position, so that the risk exists, particularly in the case of high rolling forces, that the arrangement breaks out at the level of the guide or at the level of the rotary joint, and this can be triggered by means of process-immanent vibrations or the like, for example. In order to minimize this risk, the rolls can be selected to be wider than half their diameter, particularly actually wider than their diameter, on the one hand. The implementation of such wide rolls as such is diametrically opposed to the efforts of the state of the art, of using rolls having the greatest possible diameters in order to avoid or minimize markings, and stands in direct harmony with the solution mentioned initially, of distributing the rolling forces among multiple smaller rolls, disposed one behind the other, if applicable. Such wide rolls furthermore simplify disposing the rolls one behind the other in the material running direction and allowing an offset, in this connection.
As a further measure for counteracting such an unstable situation, the roll positioning means can have an axis of rotation, at least in one positioning position, which is represented on the other side of the flat material in a positioning position of the roll positioning means with regard to the degrees of rotational freedom, from the perspective of the corresponding roll. In this way, the roll stabilizes itself, so that process-immanent uneven running can ultimately be countered by the roll, in stable manner, in each instance.
It is understood that an axis of rotation represented in such a manner, and the diameter/length ratio of the rolls indicated above are advantageous, even independent of the other characteristics of the present invention, for a system or for a method for continuous molding of longitudinally slotted pipes from a flat material, having roll stands disposed one behind the other in the system direction, which stands carry at least one roll, in each instance, or having a flat material that is successively moved past multiple roll arrangements and bent accordingly.
Accordingly, it is also advantageous if the roll follows the rolling forces, in each instance, perpendicular to its roll axis and parallel to the material running direction of this roll, at least in one positioning position, with an axis of rotation represented on the other side of the flat material, from the perspective of the corresponding roll.
In the case of roll acting on the flat material successively, in particular, the two rolls are preferably guided, in at least one positioning position, with an axis of rotation represented on the other side of the flat material, from the perspective of the two rolls that act successively, in order to implement the advantages explained above.
It is furthermore understood that an axis of rotation represented on the other side of the flat material, from the perspective of the roll, does not necessarily need to be provided in all positioning positions, and not necessarily with regard to both degrees of rotational freedom mentioned above. This is particularly dependent on the other process parameters, such as the rolling forces, the geometries of the rolls, and the expected uneven running.
In order to increase even running, and, in particular, also to increase the stability in freely positioning rolls and roll supports, spring arrangement that act in the movement direction or a corresponding suspension of the roll positioning means can be provided, so that the rolls or the roll supports always strive to reach a zero position. For this purpose, mechanical spring suspensions of any kind can be used. Likewise, however, hydraulic or pneumatic spring devices are also possible, accordingly. In the case of a switch in the flat material, in particular, it can thereby be ensured in relatively simple manner that new flat material can run into the system without problems.
It is understood that the characteristics of the solutions described above and in the claims can also be combined, if applicable, in order to be able to implement the advantages cumulatively, accordingly.
Further advantages, goals, and properties of the present invention will be explained using the following description of exemplary embodiments, which are particularly shown also in the attached drawing. The drawing shows:
In the systems for continuous molding of longitudinally slotted pipes 10 from a flat material 15 shown in
As is directly evident, the system shown in
In this connection, it is understood that suitable systems or arrangements can be selected in accordance with the material properties of the flat material 15 as well as the dimensioning of the pipe 10, whereby in particular, the arrangements according to
It is furthermore understood that the pipe 10 can subsequently be passed on to further processing, particularly, for example, welding of the slot that has still remained open.
The system direction 31 ultimately represents approximately an average value of the pass-through direction of the flat material 15 through the system, whereby ultimately, a cross-section of the flat material successively moves past the roll stands 45 and the rolls 40, as a result of the process. However, the individual material points of such a cross-section have different material running directions 32, in accordance with the bending process, whereby it can be assumed that aside from process-related variations, every material point of the flat material 15 that is identically disposed at the same system height, in terms of cross-section, will also have the same material running direction 32. Wherever the rolls 40 come into contact with the flat material 15, in each instance, a material running direction 32 of the roll 40, in each instance, or at the roll 40, in each instance, follows directly. A corresponding material running direction is also indicated schematically in
In detail, the roll arrangements according to
Both arrangements shown in
In this connection, in the arrangements according to
The fork 52 carries an intermediate support 54, in each instance, whereby this is implemented by a rotary hinge bolt 57 in the exemplary embodiment according to
As is directly comprehensible, the rotary hinge bolt 57 brings about an axis of rotation 35 of the intermediate support 54, including the modules carried by it, which axis is aligned coaxial to the rotary hinge bolt 57. Depending on the curvature of the two rotary guide surfaces 58 on the fork 52 and the intermediate support 54 of the exemplary embodiment shown in
The degree of rotational freedom 33 of the rotary joint situated between the fork 52 and intermediate support 54 of the exemplary embodiment according to
The roll support 48 is mounted on the intermediate support 54 by way of rotary guide surfaces 58 (not explicitly shown in the exemplary embodiment according to
In this connection, a rotary bolt, not numbered, is disposed in the side plates 56 of the exemplary embodiment shown in
In the exemplary embodiment according to
As is directly evident, the axis of rotation 35 of the degree of rotational freedom 34 is aligned parallel to the material running direction 32 in the case of this exemplary embodiment, as well.
It is understood that the intermediate support 54 and/or the roll support 48 can easily be biased by means of suitable spring arrangements, which bring about, for example, a return pull into a neutral position, in each instance, in such a manner that they tend to spring back into a correspondingly determined neutral position, in each instance. Such springs can be mechanical springs, for example, which act parallel to the guide direction. Likewise, pressure springs or also hydraulic or pneumatic arrangements, for example at the front and the back, can act on the intermediate support, in order to bring about a corresponding positioning behavior.
The arrangement shown in
In deviation from the arrangement according to
Such spring means 60 can, however, also be implemented differently, for example by means of flat helical springs, by means of pneumatic springs or by means of other devices that have a resetting effect, and can also be provided with regard to the degree of rotational freedom 34. It is also understood that corresponding spring means 60 can also be provided in the arrangement according to
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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10 2011 114 847.0 | Oct 2011 | DE | national |
10 2011 117 166.9 | Oct 2011 | DE | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/DE2012/000970 | 10/5/2012 | WO | 00 | 4/4/2014 |