Patent Application
20180038109
This invention relates to roofing systems, in particular insulated roofing systems.
The background information discussed below is presented to better illustrate the novelty and usefulness of the present invention. This background information is not admitted prior art.
Various roofing systems are known both for flat and sloped roofs to insulate and waterproof the roof. On flat roofs the most common roofing system for waterproofing is a built up laminar structure comprising a plurality of felt layers with each layer or series of layers over-laid with a hot bituminous (tar) composition to bind the felt to the roof. A layer of gravel tops off the structure. However, this is a very labour intensive process and requires onsite machines and equipment (e.g. to provide the hot tar).
In recent years, as the advantages of applying insulation on the exterior as opposed to the interior of the roof deck have become known, the built up roof structure has been applied over insulation materials, typically sheets of insulation material. This created new problems as the insulating materials had poor mechanical properties, needed to be fastened to the roof deck, are subject to degradation by UV radiation and absorbed moisture. In addition such built up roof systems are very labour intensive making them less economical.
Numerous attempts have been made unsuccessfully to solve one or more of these problems. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,418,687 is directed for retro-fitting roofs, is field applied and non-modular. In particular, the foamed in place insulation described in this patent is designed to be applied over a roof deck or existing roof substrate and a rubber membrane is then glued over top of the sprayed insulation. Although this addresses some of the problems, a foamed-in place roofing installation is still very labour intensive to apply and requires spray foaming equipment on-site. Furthermore, when one spray-foams a large surface area there are often ripples, localized hills and valleys and other imperfections that are formed and which translate into corresponding ripples, hills, valleys and imperfections in the overlying rubber membrane. These imperfects can then trap water or other precipitation in localized areas, preventing desired run-off, and ultimately resulting in ponding and of such standing water seeping through cracks in the rubber membrane.
Additionally, even on roofs that are classified as being “flat” it may desirable to have a slight roof slope for water to run off. A typical minimum roof slope is 1% (⅛″ per 1′). However, minimum slope for a “flat” roof is often set by building code to 2%. However, even for an experienced and skilled spray-foam application worker, it is difficult to create a flat non-ponding surface using an on-site, foamed-in place insulation method. Moreover, it is very difficult, if not impossible, to create a slightly sloped roofing surface (from one side of the roof to another) using such an on-site, foamed-in place insulation method; especially in new construction wherein there is no pre-existing, pre-sloped roof deck. In such cases, the system and method of U.S. Pat. No. 6,418,687 will simply not work.
Therefore, what is needed is a modular roofing system which can be applied in new buildings, reduces on-site installation time, does not require a pre-existing, pre-sloped roof deck, does not require (or reduces the need for) on-site spay-foaming equipment, can be installed by unskilled laborers and can provide for an overall slope to the resulting roof structure.
In one aspect, the invention provides an insulated modular roof system for a roof structure, comprising a plurality of modular panels suitable for installation onto the roof structure, and a water-proof membrane. Each of the plurality of modular panels comprises a first planar member, an insulating layer covering substantially all of the first planar member and a second planar member suitable to cover substantially all of the insulating layer. Preferably, the insulated modular roof system further comprising a joint closure member and, when at least one pair of modular panels is placed in a generally abutting arrangement, the system further comprising a joint fill material, suitable for filling any empty space between a pair of abutting modular panels.
Referring to the drawings, several aspects of the present invention are illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in detail in the figures, wherein:
The following description is of preferred embodiments by way of example only and without limitation to the combination of features necessary for carrying the invention into effect. Reference is to be had to the Figures in which identical reference numbers identify similar components. The drawing figures are not necessarily to scale and certain features are shown in schematic or diagrammatic form in the interest of clarity and conciseness.
A first preferred embodiment of the insulated modular roof system 10 of the present invention is shown in
The use of “roofing”, “top,” and “bottom” are used herein as respective references to the orientation of the modular panel 20 on a substantially flat roofing structure RS, but there may be uses of the present disclosure where the modular panel 20 may be used in different orientations or on other parts of a building, such as in a substantially vertical orientation on the side of a building, used as siding. The term “up” and “down” may be used with respect to the ground. More specifically, the term “up” may be used to describe a vector that is normal to the ground and away from the ground. More specifically, the term “down” may be used to describe a vector that is normal to the ground and pointing toward the ground. A normal is a vector that is perpendicular to a surface such as the ground surface. In one embodiment, normal may be defined as a constituent being at +/−90 degrees with respect to a plane.
When installed on a building or roof structure RS, a plurality of modular panels 20 will be placed in a generally abutting arrangement so as to substantially cover the desired surface area of the roof structure RS with the first planar members 22; see the arrangement of panels 20A, 20B, 20C and 20D in
In one embodiment of a modular panel 20, first planar member 22 is preferably made up ⅜ inch thick oriented strand board (OSB) sheets, measuring approximately 96 inches×48 inches (8 feet×4 feet) in length and width. The insulating layer 24 preferably has slightly smaller length and width dimensions than the first planar member 22, preferably measuring approximately 92 inches×44 inches in length and width. More preferably, the insulating layer 24 is mounted or placed substantially centered on the first planar member 22, thereby providing a circumferential space or gap region G around the insulating layer 24, revealing a portion of the first planar member 22 and preferably measuring approximately 2 inches wide, as illustrated in
Advantageously, modular panel 20 can be fastened or mounted to the roof structure RS via one or more fasteners 35 driven, mounted or screwed through first planar member 22 at a desired position along said gap region G, as illustrated in
Preferably, joint fill material 40 is subsequently provided or applied to the system 10, so as to substantially fill-in all of the gap region G between adjacent modular panels, once said panels have been fastened to the roofing structure RS; see
Advantageously, a roof or roofing structure RS may quickly be covered by a plurality of modular panels 20 arranged in abutting relation, each panel 20 mounted to the roofing structure via fasteners 35 in the gap region G and without the need for hot bituminous (tar) composition to bind the panels 20 to the roof. More advantageously, by mounting the modular panels 20 to the roof structure via the first planar member 22, and by closing the gap space G (and covering the fasteners 35) with joint fill material 40 the amount of heat loss through the system 10 is minimized as compared to cases where a modular panel 20 is mounted to the roof structure RS via a fastener that penetrates the first planar member 22, the insulating layer 24 and the second planar member 24. Instead, in the embodiment of
The second planar member is preferably made up ⅜ inch thick oriented strand board (OSB) sheets and preferably has slightly smaller length and width dimensions than the insulating layer 24 to which it is mounted, preferably measuring approximately 90 inches×42 inches in length and width. More preferably, the second planar member 26 is mounted or placed substantially centered on the insulating layer 24, thereby providing a circumferential ledge or shoulder region L (of exposed insulating layer 24) there-around, preferably measuring approximately 1 inch wide, as illustrated in
The insulating layer 24 and the joint fill material 40 are preferably a polyurethane foam insulation and, more preferably, is a closed cell foam. In other embodiments, the insulating layer 24 and joint fill material 40 may be comprised of a foamed synthetic resin made of polystyrene, polyethylene, acrylic resin, phenol resin, urea resin, epoxy resin, diallylphthalate resin, urethane resin and the like. Advantageously, the use of closed cell foam insulation in the insulating layer 24 and joint fill material 40 provides an air/vapor barrier inherent in the modular panel 20 and system 10, so as to efficiently insulate roofs and roof structures RS. More advantageously, if the same closed cell foam material is used for both the insulating layer 24 and the on-site applied joint fill material 40, the resulting system 10 will then have a monolithic type insulation formation from one modular panel (e.g. 20A) to the next panel (e.g. 20B). The invention thereby provides an insulated modular modular roofing system 10 that can be quickly installed on a roofing structure RS, with minimal on-site labour, with a desired slope S pre-manufactured in each modular panel 20 and with a continuous (inherent) vapour barrier across the modular panels 20 on the roofing structure RS. Advantageously, the invention may allow for the roofing of a building without the need for additional vapour control, such as separate polyethylene sheets that are typically used between a roof deck or roof structure and any overlying insulating material.
The thickness of the insulating layer 24 may be determined by the insulation value that is desired to be achieved by the system 10. For example, a 3.33 inch thick insulating layer 24 comprised of 2-pound polyurethane foam insulation, with the first and second planar member 22, 26 comprising ⅜ inch thick OSB sheets will typically provide an insulating value of R-20 to the modular panel 20 and the system 10. A 5.83 inch thick insulating layer 24 comprised of 2-pound polyurethane foam insulation, with the first and second planar member 22, 26 comprising ⅜ inch thick OSB sheets will typically provide an insulating value of R-35.
During manufacture of the modular panel 20, the insulating layer 24 may be mounted to the first planar member 22 using a suitable glue or adhesive. Or the insulating layer 24 may be sprayfoam-applied onto the first planar member 22 and then such sprayfoamed insulating layer 24 may cut or shaped to the desired thickness and slope S. This may be accomplished using a horizontal band saw or a horizontal fastwire foam cutter. The CUTLAS™ horizontal blade foam slitter is designed for slicing polyurethane foam into sheets of desired thickness and would be suitable for this application.
For example, a partially assembled modular panel 20, with a first planar member 22 measuring 4 feet×8 feet may have the insulating layer 24 sprayfoamed thereon to a minimum thickness (e.g. of at least 3.5 inches). This partially assembled modular panel 20 can then be moved through a CUTLAS™ horizontal blade foam slitter which is then set to cut off a thin top section of the sprayfoamed insulating layer 24 (e.g. to a height of 3.33 inches), thereby providing a smooth top surface, suitable to receive the second planar member. Alternatively, where a roof slope is desired, the CUTLAS™ horizontal blade foam slitter can be adjusted to cut the insulating layer 24 at a pre-set slope, resulting in a modular panel 20 that has that desired slope S with the insulating layer 24 having a first thickness (or height) H1 at one end of the panel 20a and a second thickness (or height) H2 at an opposing end 20b of the panel (see the embodiment of
Advantageously, by having a smoothly cut insulating layer 24, and by utilizing the second planar member 26, the water-proof member 28 on outside or top surface of the system 10 of modular panels 20 will be substantially smooth, thereby reducing or fully eliminating ponding or pooling of trapped water or other precipitation in localized areas. Furthermore, if a slight slope S has been provided by the modular panels 20, then water or other precipitation will generally be directed to quickly run off of the outside or top surface of the system 10.
One or more support members 50 may be provided in the modular panel 20, preferably between first and second planar member 22, 26, so as to offer additional structural support and/or mounting points for the second planar member 26. Support members 50 may be made of metal, galvanized metal, plastic, wood or other suitable material. Preferably, support members 50 are z-girts 50z. Advantageously, z-girt style support members 50, 50z provide anchor points for any fasteners 37 that may be used to mount second planar member 26 adjacent to the insulating layer 24. More advantageously, z-girts 50z provide anchor points for any fasteners 39 that may be used to mount or place any planar joint closure member(s) 30 between adjacent modular panels 20.
More preferably, z-girt support members 50z have a first end 51 and a second end 52, wherein first end 51 is positioned substantially in the gap space G adjacent first planar member 22, so that any fasteners 35 used to mount the modular panel 20 to the roof structure RS may be driven there-through; while second end 52 is spaced away from the gap space G and positioned substantially within the insulating layer 24. Advantageously, first end 51 provides additional support or backing for fasteners 35, while second end 52 provides a mounting point for fasteners 37 or fasteners 39, while also proving a thermal break between fasteners 35 and 37/39 (see
The water-proof membrane 28 is preferably an ethylene-propylene diene mar (EPDM) rubber membrane, but it may also be made of other suitable water-proof roofing material such as a membrane made from a variety of materials such as styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, polyisobutylene, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, chlorinated polyethylene, polyurea coating, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, or SBS modified bitumen roofing membrane.
In the embodiments where the water-proof membrane 28 is provided in sections on each modular panel 20 (e.g.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that various modifications to the invention as described herein will be possible without falling outside the scope of the invention. In the claims, the word “comprising” is used in its inclusive sense and does not exclude other elements being present. The indefinite article “a” before a claim feature does not exclude more than one of the features being present.
