"Insulating Element From Mineral Fibers For Shipbuilding

Abstract

Insulating element from mineral fibers for shipbuilding with an insulating element in form of a plate or roll felt for shipbuilding the composition of the mineral fibers of the insulating element points an alkali/alkaline-earth mass ratio of the fiber structure of the insulating element is determined by an average geometrical fiber diameter of ≦4 μm and a surface weight of 0.8 through 4.3 kg/m and a binding agent portion above 0.5 until 4 weight %.

Description

Subsequently, embodiments of the invention will be described, based on the drawings. The figures show:

FIG. 1 schematically simplifies a fire-protection structure at a ship deck using of roll felt,

FIG. 2 in a representation, corresponding to FIG. 1, another execution form of the fire-protection structure using shaped parts,

FIG. 3 a diagram of a comparison attempt in the context of a heat conductivity test at 400° C.,

FIG. 4 a typical fiber histogram of a conventional rock wool,

FIG. 5 a typical fiber histogram of a conventional fiber glass, and

FIG. 6 a typical fiber histogram of the mineral wool according to invention.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, the number 1 designates a vessel's deck, which, on its lower section, is reinforced with frames 2. The frames 2 feature commonly a L profile and are attached with their extended flank at the lower section of the ship's deck 1, by means of the welded seams, not shown, so that the best possible moment of resistance of the profile may be utilized for reinforcing said ship's deck 1.

A fire protection construction of such an area of the vessel consists, in principle, in that the lower section of the vessel's deck 1 is being protected in such a fashion against fire below the vessel's deck 1, that the high fire temperature in the area above vessel's deck 1 results to the threshold temperature rate only after a predetermined period of time. It is understood that the fire protection construction must also physically continue to exist, since otherwise an undesired thermal passage would result with a consequent temperature increase.

In the example of FIG. 1, frames 2 are covered with mineral wool felt 3, produced in the centrifugation basket process with internal centrifugation. For a fire resistance category A15, a very light roll felt material 3 will suffice with an surface weight of 1.2 kg/m³, as an example, which was supplied as a roll with a compression ration of 1:3.5. The area between frames 2 is also covered by mineral wool material in the form of plates 4, produced by internal centrifugation. These units, in the exemplified case, also feature a surface weight of 1.2 kg/m². Both the felts 3, as well as the plates 4, are attached with adequate metal clips, as shown at 5 in FIGS. 1 and 2.

With the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the same cover construction is covered with plate-like mineral wool material, which was also produced by internal centrifugation. In this case, the frames 2 are insulated in the form represented, however by means of correspondingly cut plate sections 6 and 8, i.e. they are involved in a box-like fashion. In the intermediate area, intermediate plates 7 are introduced, and all elements are attached to the cover construction with adequate metal clips 5. The plate sections 6 through 8 may preferably be formed also as integral molded section, which is applied around the frames in such a way that in one operational step it embraces the frames without forming thermal bridges.

The plate material for plate sections 6, 7 and 8 features, in the example, a surface weight of 2.3 kg/m². With such a fire protecting construction, it is possible to attain the fire resistance category A60 without problems.

The material resistance in the event of fire is insured due to the fact that the mineral wool fibers are selected in such a way, that their point of fusion is located above 1.000° C. This will insure that also with fire resistance category A60, the insulating element of the invention is resistant, for a sufficiently extended period of time, i.e. one hour, against the fire temperatures.

In the version shown, the average geometrical fiber diameter is 3.2 μm and the binding agent content is 1.8 weight %.

The composition in weight % of the conventional insulating elements, i.e. molded section, produced from traditional rock wool, as well as insulating elements i.e. molded section, produced from traditional glass wool, results from Table 2, and the traditional rock wool, as well as the insulating element i.e. molded section of the invention, feature a melting point of at least 1000° C. according to DIN 4102, Part 17.

	TABLE 2
				Insulating elements
		Conventional	Conventional	according
	Material	rock wool	glass wool	to invention
	SiO2	57.2	65	41.2
	Al2O3	1.7	1.7	23.7
	Fe2O3	4.1	0.4	5.6
	TiO2	0.3		0.7
	CaO	22.8	7.8	14.4
	MgO	8.5	2.6	1.5
	Na2O	4.6	16.4	5.4
	K2O	0.8	0.6	5.2
	B2O3		5
	P2O5		0.15	0.75
	MnO		0.3	0.6
	SrO			0.5
	BaO			0.34
	Total	100	99.95	99.89

FIG. 3 features a measuring series of a heat conductivity test at 400° C. with the gross density in for of a diagram. The results of the measurements were determined according to DIN 52612-1 with a so called double-plate instrument.

It can be seen in a simple fashion from this diagram, which potential of economy is feasible, by utilizing the mineral wool of the invention, compared to conventional rock wool, the example featuring two gross densities of 65 and 90 kg/m³. The same heat conductivity capacity of 116 mW/mK, which is being attained with traditional rock wool with a gross density of 65 kg/m³, is being obtained with the mineral wool of the invention already with a gross density of approximately 45 kg/m³, i.e. with a weight economy of approximately 31%.

In an analogue fashion, with a gross density of 90 kg/M³ of conventional rock wool, a weight economy of approximately 33% is attained with the mineral wool of the present invention.

Finally, FIGS. 4 and 5 feature the conventional rock wool, mentioned in the description, as well as conventional glass wool, featuring a typical fiber histogram of the insulating elements, and FIG. 6 features a histogram of fibers of the insulating elements of the invention.

The following table shows comparable essays between on the one side insulation elements made of conventional rock wool and elements according to invention indicated with IM and that in regard of the different fire resistance categories A15, A30 and A60 as well as differentiated into bulkhead and deck. The results of the table show that despite considerably reduced surface weight and significant reduced gross density, which is especially essential for the use of insulation elements in shipbuilding, the examination requirements of the fire resistance categories A15, A30 and A60 have been fulfilled by the IM insulation elements.

TABLE
					Examination	Loss
		Gross		Surface	fire	due
		density	Thickness	weight	resistance	burning
Type	Material	[kg/m3]	[mm]	[kg/m2]	category	[%]
A15	rock wool	45	50	2.25	fulfilled	1.8
Bulk-	IM	22	60	1.32	fulfilled	3
head
A15	rock wool	45	50	2.25	fulfilled	1.8
Deck	IM	22	60	1.32	fulfilled	3
A30	rock wool	45	50	2.25	fulfilled	1.8
Bulk-	IM	36	50	1.8	fulfilled	3
head
A30	rock wool	45	50	2.25	fulfilled	1.8
Deck	IM	36	50	1.8	fulfilled	3
A60	rock wool	100	60	6	fulfilled	1.5
Bulk-	IM	70	60	4.2	fulfilled	2.5
head
A60	rock wool	100	40	4	fulfilled	1.5
Deck	IM	48	50	2.4	fulfilled	2.5

Claims

1. Insulating element in the form of a plate or roll felt for shipbuilding, from mineral fibers, bound in a physiological agent, especially insulating element, utilized as fire and/or thermal-and/or sound protection, characterized in that the composition of the mineral fibers of the insulating element amounts to an alkali/alkaline-earth mass ratio of <1 and the fiber structure of the insulating element is determined exempt of beads as well as by an average geometrical fiber diameter of ≦4 μm, a surface weight of 0.8 through 4.3 kg/m2 and a portion of bonding agent, which referred to the fiber mass of the insulating elements is in the range above 0.5 through 4 weight %.

2. Insulating element according to claim 1, characterized in that the bonding agent is an organic bonding agent.

3. Insulating element according to claim 1, characterized in that the portion of the bonding agent, related to the fiber mass of the insulating element, lies within the range of 0.5 to 3 weight %, in particular 0.5 to 2 weight %.

4. Insulating element according to claim 1, particularly for the insulation of the ship deck, characterized in that the surface weight with a Fire Resistance Category A15 or similar amounts to 0.8 to 1.4 kg/m2, preferably 1.2 kg/m2, with a Fire Resistance Category A30 or similar, from 1.2 to 1.8 kg/m2, preferably 1.6 kg/m2, and with a Fire Resistance Category A60 or similar, 2.0 to 2.5 kg/m2, preferably 2.3 kg/m3.

5. Insulating element according to claim 1, particularly for the insulation ship bulkhead, characterized in that the weight per unit area with a Fire Resistance Category A15 or similar amounts from 0.8 to 1.4 kg/m2, preferably 1.2 kg/M2, with a Fire Resistance Category A30 or similar, from 2.3 to 3.0 kg/m2, preferably 2.7 kg/M2, and with a Fire Resistance Category A60 or similar, from 3.2 to 4.3 kg/m3, preferably 4.0 kg/m3.

6. Insulating element according to claim 1, by the fact characterized in that it features an λ-arithmetic procedure of <35 mW/mK.

7. Insulating element according to claim 1, by the fact characterized in that the bead portion in the fiber structure is <1%.

8. Insulating element according to claim 1, thereby characterized in that the insulating elements are compressible, at least for the purpose of their packing, in the minimum ratio of 1:2, in case of an upper gross density to 50 kg/m3 and in particular in the ratio of 1:3 in case of an upper gross density till 30 kg/m3.

9. Insulating element in the form of roll felt in accordance with preamble of claim 1, characterized in that the composition of the mineral fiber of the insulating element amounts to an alkali/alkaline-earth mass ratio of <1 and the fiber structure of the insulating element is determined by an average geometrical fiber diameter of ≦4 μm and the roll felt features the form of a stepped wire mat, whose utilization temperature is >500° C. with gross densities between 45 and 75 kg/m3, especially between 55 an 65 kg/M3, and a bonding agent content <2 weight %, especially between 0.5 and 1.5 weight %.

10. Insulating element according to claim 1, characterized in that the mineral fibers of the insulating element are manufactured by an internal centrifugation in the centrifuge basket procedure, with a temperature at the centrifugation basket of at least 1.100° C.

11. Insulating element according to claim 1, characterized in that it is designed for surpassing insulation of vessel's frames.

12. Molded section according to claim 11, characterized in that the molded section features a lamination, like an aluminum foil or a glass cloth fleece, being applied in such a manner around the frames that it encloses these units in one processing step exempt of a thermal bridge.

13. Insulating element and/or molded element according to claim 1, characterized in that the mineral fibers of the insulating element and/or molded element, correspond, regarding their solubility in a physiological environment, to the requirements of the European guideline 97/69/EG and/or the requirements of the German dangerous material regulation exp. IV NR. 22.

14. Insulating element and/or molded element according to claim 13, characterized by the following ranges of the chemical composition of the mineral fibers: