This invention relates to electrically connecting together various components of a boiler heating system. More particularly, the present invention relates to a new and improved integrated wiring assembly and method which greatly facilitates electrically connecting the components of the boiler heating system and which aids in more quickly diagnosing problems associated with the components of the boiler heating system.
Boiler heating systems are widely used to heat residential and commercial buildings. A typical boiler heating system includes a boiler, pipes, radiators and water or similar heat transfer fluid. The boiler generates heat from a heat source, such as a resistive heating element or a combustion chamber in which fuel is burned. The heat is transferred to the water, and the heated water is then pumped through supply pipes to radiators located within the interior of a building. Heat from the heated water flowing through the radiators is transferred to the cooler air. The relatively cooler water from the radiator is then returned to the boiler through return pipes to be heated and circulated again through the radiator.
Particular areas of the building, referred to as zones, are heated independently of other zones in the building. Each zone is heated by at least one radiator. A zone valve controls the flow of heated water from the boiler to each radiator in that zone. A thermostat is located in each zone, and the thermostat controls the zone valve for that zone. In this way, each zone valve is controlled independently of the others to allow independent control of the heat within each different zone in the building.
The thermostat and the zone valve for each zone are connected in series with a transformer which provides electrical power to operate those components. The thermostat functions as a temperature responsive switch which closes when the measured temperature of the air falls below a selected temperature and which opens when the temperature is at or greater than the selected temperature. When the thermostat switch closes, electrical power is delivered to the zone valve, causing the zone valve to open, and the open zone valve conducts heated water through the supply pipes to the radiator within the zone. The flow of heated water through the radiator eventually heats up the air within the zone until the temperature of the air within the zone reaches or exceeds the selected temperature. At that point the switch of the thermostat opens, causing the zone valve to close. The closed zone valve terminates the flow of heated water through the radiator. Thus, the thermostat is closed and the zone valve for a particular zone is opened when the temperature within that zone is less than the selected temperature, and the thermostat is open and the zone valve for the particular zone is closed when the temperature within the zone is at or greater than the selected temperature. In this manner, the temperature in each particular zone is regulated and maintained at approximately the selected temperature.
The boiler may include a hot water storage tank in which a supply of hot water is always maintained. The boiler may also heat the hot water for delivery to the radiators whenever hot water is requested by a thermostat. The boiler includes a start switch which activates both the heat source and an internal pump to circulate the heated water. In a situation where the boiler includes a hot water storage tank, the start switch activates the internal pump to circulate the heated water through the zone valves to the radiators, and a separate thermostatic switch associated with the hot water storage tank may control the heat source of the boiler. In the situation where the boiler heats the hot water when the thermostat requests heat, the heat source of the boiler and the internal pump are activated simultaneously by the start switch. An end switch is connected to each zone valve, and the end switch closes when the zone valve is opened. The boiler start switch is connected in parallel with all of the end switches of the all of the zone valves. Connected in this manner, the start switch is closed and the internal pump (and possibly the heat source) are operated when any one of the zone valves is opened by the thermostat.
Properly connecting the end switches, the boiler start switch, the thermostats in each zone and the zone valves is typically one of the most difficult wiring tasks for a technician to learn. Many hours are typically expended in training technicians to properly wire the different components of the boiler heating system. One of the factors that contributes to the difficulty in learning to correctly connect the components of the boiler heating system is a lack of organization of the wires connecting the components. Usually, these wires are not labeled and often must be traced to the boiler start switch, the transformer, the thermostats and the zone valves, in order to determine which wires are connected to what components. Even experienced technicians can spend a significant amount of time determining the wiring configuration. The time spent trying to determine which roles the connecting wires in a boiler heating system play adds extra cost to service calls. The cost to install a typical boiler heating system is also more expensive due to the lack of organization and clear identification of the electrical conductors which connect the boiler heating system components.
The present invention pertains to an integrated boiler component wiring assembly which facilitates electrically connecting the components of a boiler heating system. The integrated wiring assembly reduces the amount of time required to electrically wire or connect the components of the boiler heating system. Diagnosing problems with the components of the boiler heating system is facilitated due to the organization of the wires and the ease with which electrical wires connected to the integrated wiring assembly can be identified. The costs of training technicians to wire the electrical connections of the boiler heating system components is also substantially reduced, due to the clarity and understanding of the electrical connections of the integrated wiring assembly. The costs of service calls involving malfunctioning components of the boiler heating system should also be reduced as a consequence of not having to trace the electrical conductors connecting the boiler components.
In accordance with these and other considerations, one aspect of the invention involves an integrated wiring assembly for connecting the components of a boiler heating system. The housing includes a elongated body, two opposite end connection sections and a plurality of intermediate zone connection sections between the end connection sections. Each end connection section includes a plurality of end connection terminals, and each zone connection section includes a plurality of zone connection terminals. Internal conductors connect the end connection terminals to the zone connection terminals, with each internal conductor connecting one end connection terminal with one zone connection terminal of each zone connection section. The zone valves and thermostats of one zone are connected to the zone connection terminals associated with each zone. The transformer and the boiler start switch are respectively connected to the end connection terminals to deliver electrical power to the components of each of the zones and to assure control of the boiler from each of the zones.
Another aspect of the invention involves a method of electrically connecting components of a boiler heating system using an integrated wiring assembly having four internal conductors. The method involves using the integrated wiring assembly to connect two leads of a transformer to a first two of the four internal conductors, connecting two leads of a boiler start switch to a second two of the four internal conductors, connecting a thermostat in series with a zone valve, connecting the remaining one lead of each of the thermostat and the zone valve between the first two of the four internal conductors, and connecting an end switch of the zone valve between the second two of the four internal conductors.
A more complete appreciation of the present invention and its scope may be obtained from the accompanying drawings, which are briefly summarized below, from the following detailed description of a presently preferred embodiment of the invention, and from the appended claims.
An integrated wiring assembly 10 which embodies the present invention is shown in
At least one radiator 28a-28n is present in each of the zones 14a-14n, respectively. The radiators 28a-28n heat the zones 14a-14n. The boiler 22 heats the water which is supplied to a hot water supply manifold 30 to each of the zone valves 16a-16n. The zone valves 16a-16n open and close to control the supply of hot water to the radiators 28a-28n through hot water supply pipes 32a-32n. The thermostats 18a-18n control the opening and closing of the zone valves 16a-16n. Heat is extracted from the hot water in the radiators 28a-28n to heat the air within the zones 14a-14n. The relatively cooler water leaving the radiators 28a-28n flows back to the boiler 22 through cold water return pipes 34a-34n which connect to a cold water return manifold 36.
Electrical power is supplied from the transformer 24 to each of the thermostats 18a-18n by two internal conductors 56a and 56b (
The integrated wiring assembly 10 facilitates creating the aforementioned electrical connections and thereby establishes the functionality between the various components of the boiler heating system 12. The manner in which the integrated wiring assembly accomplishes these functions is explained in connection with the details of the integrated wiring assembly 10 described below.
The integrated wiring assembly 10, shown in
Each of the zone connection sections 42a-42e includes five component zone connection terminals 46a-46e, as shown in
Mounting tabs 50a-50e are formed onto the housing 40 of the integrated wiring assembly and facilitate hanging or mounting the integrated housing 10 on the hot water supply manifold 30 and the hot water supply pipes 32a-32n, as shown in
The housing 40 defines an interior space 54 in which four internal conductors 56a-56d are located, as shown in
Two zone connection terminals 46a and 46c, which are representative of all of the zone connection terminals 46a-46e of each of the zone connection sections 42a-42e, are shown in detail in
Each of the terminal bodies 60a and 60c also defines threaded passageways 70a and 70c which receive the terminal screws 62a and 62c. Rotation of the set screws 62a and 62c causes them to move in or out of the threaded passageways 70a and 70c. The clamping cavities 64a and 64c intersect the threaded passageways 70a and 70c in the terminal bodies 60a and 60b, and allow the ends 72a and 72c of the terminal screws 62a and 62c to enter the clamping cavities 64a and 64c, respectively, when the set screws 62a and 62c are fully inserted into the threaded passageways 70a and 70c. Fully inserting the set screws 62a and 62c causes the ends 72a and 72c to clamp the exposed ends 66 of the wire leads 68 within the clamping cavities 64a and 64c, as shown by the end 72a of the terminal screw 62a clamping the exposed end 66 of wire lead 68. Clamping the exposed end of a wire lead within the clamping cavities 64a or 64c creates an electrical connection between those wire leads and the respective zone connection terminals 46a or 46c and also creates a mechanical connection to retain those wire leads in position.
The internal conductors 56a and 56c within the housing 40 are also electrically connected to the terminal bodies 60a and 60c, respectively. The internal conductors 56a and 56c are electrically connected to the terminal bodies 60a and 60c through conventional splicing mechanisms 74a and 74c which penetrate through exterior electrical insulation to reach the internal leads of the conductors 56a and 56c. The Internal conductors 56a, 56b, 56c and 56d (
The zone connection terminal 46e does not connect to any of the internal conductors 56a-56d. Instead, the zone connection terminal 46e serves as a junction terminal for connecting a wire lead from the thermostat in series with a wire lead from the zone valve in each zone, as is shown in
Two end connection terminals 48a and 48c, which are representative of all of the end connection terminals 48a-48d of both end connection sections 44a and 44b, are shown in detail in
The end connection terminals 48a-48d at one end connection section, for example end connection section 44a connects to the wire leads or conductors from the boiler start switch 20 and the transformer 24. Consequently, the wire leads 68 shown in
The internal connections of the integrated wiring assembly 10 to the thermostat, zone valves, and end switches is shown in
The end switches 38a-38n are electrically connected to the zone connection terminals 46c and 46d via end switch leads 82c and 82d. The boiler start switch 20 is connected to the end connection terminals 48c and 48d of end connection section 44a by start switch leads 84c and 84d. Each of the end switches 38a-38n is open when the corresponding one of the zone valves 16a-16n is closed. Likewise, each of the end switches 38a-38n is closed when the corresponding one of the zone valves 16a-16n is opened. Thus, when any one of the zone valves 16a-16n is open, an electrical connection is created between the internal conductors 56c and 56d through the end switch corresponding to that zone valve. The electrical connection between the internal conductors 56c and 56d when an end switch is closed completes a circuit through the start switch leads 84c and 84d and starts the boiler 22 and/or its circulation pump.
As an example of operation, the interaction between the various components of the boiler heating system 12 to heat the air within the exemplary zone 14a is next described. Similar operation exists with respect to the other zones 14b-14n. The thermostat 18a is preset to a preselected temperature. When the temperature of the air within the zone 14a falls beneath that preselected temperature, the internal temperature responsive switch within the thermostat 18a closes. Closing the temperature responsive switch causes the voltage potential across the internal conductors 56a and 56b to be conducted to the zone valve 16a which causes the zone valve 16a to open. As a result of the zone valve 16a opening, the end switch 38a closes. The closing of the end switch 38a causes an electrical connection between the internal conductors 56c and 56d, which starts the boiler 22 and/or its circulation pump. The starting of the boiler 22 causes water within the boiler 22 to be heated and also causes the circulation pump to pump the heated water to the hot water supply manifold 30. The heated water flows from the hot water supply manifold 30, through the open zone valve 16a and through the hot water supply pipe 32a to the radiator 28a. Heat is extracted from the heated water flowing through the radiator 28a thereby heating the air and cooling the water. The relatively cooler water from the radiator 28a flows back to the boiler 22 through the cold water return pipe 34a and the cold water return manifold 36.
As more and more heated water flows through the radiator 28a, the air within the zone 14a gets warmer and warmer until the temperature of the air within the zone 14a reaches the preselected temperature of the thermostat 18a. When the temperature of the air within the zone 14a reaches that preselected temperature, the temperature responsive switch of the thermostat 18a opens. Opening the temperature responsive switch of the thermostat 18a causes the zone valve 16a to close, which causes the end switch 38a to open, which in turn causes the start switch 20 to open and the boiler 22 to turn off, provided that none of the other end switches 38b-38n are still closed. In this manner, the boiler heating system 12 independently heats the various zones 14a-14n within the building.
The integrated wiring assembly 10 can substantially reduce the amount of time taken by a technician to wire the components of a boiler heating system. The integrated wiring assembly 10 removes the guess-work and confusion often involved when a technician attempts to wire components of a boiler heating system. Time spent training technicians to be proficient at installing and servicing problems with boiler heating systems is a significant cost. Significantly less training time is required for new technicians when they are trained to wire the components of a boiler heating system using the integrated wire housing 10. Use of the integrated wiring assembly 10 to connect the components of a boiler heating system also reduces the risk that a boiler heating system component will be damaged as a result of incorrectly connecting the component to the boiler heating system. The use of the integrated wiring assembly 10 results in a central location at which the electrical components of the boiler heating system are neatly wired. The neat and orderly wiring facilitates speedy problem determination and resolution concerning the boiler heating system. Many other advantages and improvements will become apparent upon fully comprehending the scope and significance of the present invention.
A presently preferred embodiment of the present invention and many of its improvements have been described with a degree of particularity. This description is a preferred example of implementing the invention, and is not necessarily intended to limit the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the following claims.
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