Patent Application
20210108838
This disclosure relates to an inter-stage connector for a compressor having at least two stages. The compressor may a refrigerant compressor, which may be used in a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) chiller system, for example.
Refrigerant compressors are used to circulate refrigerant in a chiller via a refrigerant loop. Refrigerant loops are known to include a condenser, an expansion device, and an evaporator. The compressor compresses the fluid, which then travels to a condenser, which in turn cools and condenses the fluid. The refrigerant then goes to an expansion device, which decreases the pressure of the fluid, and to the evaporator, where the fluid is vaporized, completing a refrigeration cycle.
Many refrigerant compressors are centrifugal compressors and have an electric motor that drives at least one impeller to pressurize refrigerant. The at least one impeller is mounted to a rotatable shaft.
A refrigerant compressor according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a first radial compression stage arranged along an axis, a second radial compression stage arranged along the axis, and a connector fluidly connecting an outlet of the first radial compression stage to an inlet of the second radial compression stage, the connector having a plurality of sections arranged about the axis.
In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing refrigerant compressor, the first and second radial compression stages are arranged within a housing, and the plurality of sections extend outside the housing.
In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing refrigerant compressor, the connector is integrated with an exterior of the housing.
In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing refrigerant compressor, the plurality of sections comprises three sections spaced 120° apart from one another about the axis.
In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing refrigerant compressor, each of the plurality of sections comprises a channel that communicates fluid from the outlet to the inlet.
In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing refrigerant compressor, each channel includes a first radial portion near the outlet, a second radial portion near the inlet, and an axial portion extending between the first and second radial portions.
In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing refrigerant compressor, a pocket is formed in each channel between the outlet and the inlet.
In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing refrigerant compressor, the pressure pocket is arranged between the first radial portion and the axial portion.
In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing refrigerant compressor, the first and second compression stages are configured to compress a fluid, wherein the fluid is a refrigerant.
In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing refrigerant compressor, the first radial compression stage includes a first impeller arranged on a shaft and the second radial compression stage includes a second impeller arranged on the shaft.
In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing refrigerant compressor, fluid is configured to flow into the first radial compression stage in a first direction and the fluid is configured to flow into the inlet of the second radial compression stage in a second direction that is opposite the first direction.
In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing refrigerant compressor, the refrigerant compressor is used in a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) chiller system.
A refrigerant system according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a main refrigerant loop including a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and an expansion device. The compressor includes a first radial compression stage arranged along an axis, a second radial compression stage arranged along the axis, and a connector fluidly connecting an outlet of the first radial compression stage to an inlet of the second radial compression stage, the connector having a plurality of sections arranged about the axis.
In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing refrigerant system, fluid is configured to flow into the first radial compression stage in a first direction and the fluid is configured to flow into the inlet of the second radial compression stage in a second direction that is opposite the first direction.
In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing refrigerant system, the first radial compression stage includes a first impeller arranged on a shaft and the second radial compression stage includes a second impeller arranged on the shaft.
In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing refrigerant system, each of the plurality of sections comprises a channel that communicates fluid from the outlet to the inlet.
In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing refrigerant system, each channel includes a first radial portion near the outlet, a second radial portion near the inlet, and an axial portion extending between the first and second radial portions.
In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing refrigerant system, a pocket is formed in each channel between the outlet and the inlet.
In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing refrigerant system, the pocket is arranged between the first radial portion and the axial portion.
In a further non-limiting embodiment of the foregoing refrigerant system, the first and second radial compression stages are arranged within a housing, and the plurality of sections extend outside the housing.
In this example, the compression stages 22, 24 each include an impeller 26, 28, respectively, rotatable about the axis A via a motor 30. In this example, the motor 30 is an electric motor arranged about the axis A, and the impellers 26, 28 are rotatably coupled and directly connected to a shaft 31 which is configured to be rotatably driven about the axis A by the motor 30. The impellers 26, 28 are mounted adjacent opposite ends of the shaft 31. This arrangement may be referred to as a back-to-back impeller arrangement. In a back-to-back arrangement, fluid F flows into the first compression stage 22 in a first direction and fluid F flows into the second compression stage 24 in a second direction that is opposite the first direction. The shaft 31 may be rotatably supported by magnetic bearings or by other bearings, such as gas bearings including static and dynamic gas bearings like foil bearings or rigid grooved bearings. The first and second compression stages 22, 24 are arranged within a housing 29.
With continued reference to
The connector 32 has a first end 34 arranged at an outlet 36 of the first compression stage 22. The connector 32 has a second end 38 arranged at an inlet 40 of the second compression stage 24. The connector 32 generally includes a first radial portion 42 near the outlet 36 and a second radial portion 44 near the inlet 40. The first and second radial portions 42, 44 extend substantially perpendicular to the axis A. An axial portion 46 extends between the first and second radial portions 42, 44. The axial portion 46 extends substantially parallel to the axis A. A first curved portion 48 connects the first radial portion 42 and the axial portion 46. A second curved portion 50 connects the axial portion 46 and the second radial portion 44. This connector arrangement provides a smooth channel for fluid F to flow from the first compression stage 22 to the second compression stage 24.
The connector 32 includes three channels 52 extending between the first and second compression stages 22, 24. The three channels 52 converge at the second end 38 of the connector 32, near the second compression stage 24. The connector 32 may be integrated with the housing 29, in one example. In another example, the connector 32 is attached to the housing 29, such as via bolts.
The integrated connector 32 provides a smooth transition for fluid to flow from the outlet 36 of the first compression stage 22 to the inlet 40 of the second compression stage 24. This may improve aerodynamic performance and reduce head loss. The channels 52 are designed to aerodynamically guide the flow of fluid F without creating large separations.
It should be understood that terms such as “axial” and “radial” are used above with reference to the normal operational attitude of a compressor. Further, these terms have been used herein for purposes of explanation, and should not be considered otherwise limiting. Terms such “generally,” “about,” and “substantially” are not intended to be boundaryless terms, and should be interpreted consistent with the way one skilled in the art would interpret those terms.
Although the different examples have the specific components shown in the illustrations, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to those particular combinations. It is possible to use some of the components or features from one of the examples in combination with features or components from another one of the examples.
One of ordinary skill in this art would understand that the above-described embodiments are exemplary and non-limiting. That is, modifications of this disclosure would come within the scope of the claims. Accordingly, the following claims should be studied to determine their true scope and content.
