FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an integrated plant for regeneration and recovering waste industrial and engine oils, such as marine oils (MOBILGARD M430 for the main propulsion engines, Devlac MX15W40 for the diesel generators, M-14G2CS for lubricating the stern tube, BARTRAN HV 68 for the blade control system of variable pitch propellers, CASTROL T 68 for lubricating the gas turbine of the main propulsion engine, OMALA 220 for lubricating the gear components), motor vehicle oils, oils for textile machinery, etc., comprising several units, and can also be used across various industries.
PRIOR ART
A plant for separating and purifying waste motor oils disclosed in RU191308U1 and published on Aug. 1, 2019 is known from the prior art. The plant for separating and purifying waste motor oils comprises lines with shut-off valves, a reservoir for waste oil, a centrifuge, gear pumps, an intermediate reservoir with magnetic plugs, a mixer, a heating element and a coagulant dispenser, an ultra-filtration module which includes housings with ultrafilters placed therein for separating waste oil into permeate and retentate. A flow-type heater and a vacuum water evaporator with a water collector are mounted in series between the waste oil reservoir and the centrifuge, and the ultra-filtration module is firmly attached to the vibrating platform, wherein the additive dispensers for decolorizing the purified oil are placed in the reservoirs with permeate.
A disadvantage of the technical solution disclosed above is its high accident rate and poor quality of oil purification due to the lack of automation, and high energy costs.
In addition, a prototype plant for regeneration of waste industrial oils disclosed in RU85900U1 and published on Aug. 20, 2009 is known from the prior art. Such plant for regeneration of waste industrial oils comprises a preliminary purification filter attached to a valve, an inlet oil pump, a degasser reservoir with inlet and outlet pipes (wherein the first outlet pipe is connected to a vacuum pump through a vapor separator/condenser, and the second one is connected to an outlet oil pump), an outlet filter, and an additive injection reservoir connected to the output of the plant. The plant is equipped with a heater and a device for generating a thin-layer flow of oil, wherein the input of such device is connected to the output of the inlet oil pump, and its output is connected to the inlet of the degasser reservoir, the input of the heater is connected to the output of the preliminary purification filter, its output is connected to the input of the inlet oil pump, and the output of the output oil pump is connected to the output of the plant through the output filter.
A disadvantage of the technical solution disclosed above is its high accident rate and poor quality of oil purification due to the lack of automation, and high energy costs.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The purpose of the claimed invention is to develop an efficient integrated plant for regeneration and recovering waste industrial and engine oils.
The technical result of the invention is the improved degree of purification of waste industrial and engine oils and safe operation of the plant.
Such technical result is achieved by the fact that the integrated plant for regeneration and recovering waste industrial and engine oils comprises a module for removing moisture and fuel fractions from the oil to be purified, which module is connected to a module for diagnostics and monitoring of the oil to be purified, a module for controlling the quality of the oil to be purified and a module for applying functional additives to the oil to be purified.
The module for removing moisture and fuel fractions from the oil to be purified comprises a housing, which accommodates the following:
- high-pressure hydraulic hoses with shut-off valves;
- a functional reservoir in the form of a truncated cone, which reservoir comprises a unit for feeding oil for purification, a unit for feeding oil to the functional reservoir, and a unit for feeding a vapor/air mixture from the functional reservoir, wherein an air filter is installed on the outer surface of the functional reservoir;
- a recirculation circuit, in which the functional reservoir is connected via high-pressure hydraulic hoses to a gear pump and a first fine filter mounted in series;
- a unit for feeding the oil to be purified into the module for applying functional additives to the oil to be purified, wherein the unit is connected to the recirculation circuit and placed after the gear pump;
- a unit for feeding the oil to be purified from the module for applying functional additives to the oil to be purified, wherein the unit is connected to the recirculation circuit and placed before the gear pump;
- a unit for feeding the oil to be purified from the unit for controlling the quality of the oil to be purified with a coarse filter, wherein the unit is connected to the unit for feeding the oil to the functional reservoir;
- a unit for feeding the oil to be purified to the unit for controlling the quality of the oil to be purified, wherein the unit is connected to the recirculation circuit and placed after the fine filter;
- a vapor/air line for feeding vapor/air mixture from the functional reservoir to the module for removing moisture and fuel fractions of the oil to be purified, which line comprises a second fine filter and an air compressor connected in series by means of high-pressure hydraulic hoses, wherein a drainage unit with a reservoir is mounted before the second fine filter.
The module for diagnostics and monitoring of the oil to be purified comprises a housing, which accommodates the following:
- high-pressure hydraulic hoses with shut-off valves;
- a reservoir for cooling and collecting the vapors of fuel fractions;
- a unit for feeding the vapor/air mixture to the reservoir for cooling and collecting the vapors of fuel fractions from the module for removing moisture and fuel fractions from the oil to be purified;
- a unit for feeding the fresh water to the reservoir for cooling and collecting the vapors of fuel fractions;
- a unit for feeding the coolant into the drainage system from the reservoir for cooling and collecting the vapors of fuel fractions;
- a unit for removing the vapors of fuel fractions from the reservoir for cooling and collecting the vapors of fuel fractions;
- first gas analyzer connected to an external air intake;
- second gas analyzer.
The module for applying functional additives to the oil to be purified comprises a housing, which accommodates the following:
- a reservoir for mixing regenerated oil with recovery additives, along with a unit for feeding the oil to be purified to the module for removing moisture and fuel fractions from oil to be purified;
- a reservoir with cleaning additive;
- a reservoir with an additive that maintains the lubricating properties of the oil;
- a reservoir with an additive with anti-foaming properties;
- a unit for feeding the oil to be purified from the module for removing moisture and fuel fractions from the oil to be purified to the reservoir for mixing the regenerated oil with recovery additives;
- high-pressure hydraulic hoses with shut-off valves, which hoses connect the said reservoirs with additives to the mixer of the oil to be regenerated and the additives of the unit for feeding the oil to be purified to the said reservoir for mixing the regenerated oil;
- a unit for feeding the oil to be purified to the module for removing moisture and fuel fractions of the oil to be purified.
The module for quality control of the oil to be purified comprises a housing, which accommodates the following:
- high-pressure hydraulic hoses with shut-off valves;
- a reservoir for diagnostics and purification of the oil, along with a unit for feeding the oil to be purified to the module for removing moisture and fuel fractions from the oil to be purified;
- recirculation circuits of the reservoir for diagnostics and purification of oil, having a shared part of the high-pressure hydraulic hose, in which a gear pump and a unit for feeding waste oil to the unit for controlling the quality of the oil to be purified are accommodated; wherein, in the recirculation circuit, the reservoir for diagnostics and purification of oil is connected, through high-pressure hydraulic hoses, to a sensor for monitoring the insoluble impurities and concentration of cleaning additive, a magnetic filter and a sensor for monitoring the additive that maintains the lubricating properties of oil, a sensor for monitoring the additive with anti-foaming properties, which sensors are mounted in series; and, in the second recirculation circuit, the reservoir for diagnostics and purification of oil is connected, through high-pressure hydraulic hoses, to at least one centrifuge; and, in the third recirculation circuit, the reservoir for diagnostics and purification of oil is connected, through high-pressure hydraulic hoses, to the fine filter;
- a unit for feeding waste (contaminated) oil, passing through the shared part of the recirculation circuits line;
- a unit for feeding the oil to be purified to the module for removing moisture and fuel fractions from the oil to be purified, wherein the unit is connected to the recirculation circuit.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be better understood from a description, which is not restrictive and is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings that show the following:
FIG. 1. An integrated plant for regeneration and recovering the engine oil on ships.
FIG. 2. A module for removing moisture from the oil to be purified of the integrated plant for regeneration of and recovering the engine oil on ships.
FIG. 3. A module for diagnostics and monitoring of the oil to be purified of the integrated plant for regeneration of and recovering the engine oil on ships.
FIG. 4. A module for applying functional additives to the oil to be purified of the integrated plant for regeneration and recovering the engine oil on ships.
FIG. 5. A module for quality control of the oil to be purified of the integrated plant for regeneration and recovering the engine oil on ships.
10—module for removing moisture and fuel fractions from the oil to be purified; 1.10—functional reservoir of the module (10); 2.10—gear pump of the module (10); 3.10—air compressor of the module (10); 4.10—computer for controlling the workflows of the module (10); 5.10—touch screen monitor of the module (10); 6.10—fine filter of the module (10); 7.10—filter for cleaning the vapor/air mixture of the module (10); 8.10—moisture sensor of the module (10); 9.10—controllable electromagnetic valve of the module (10); 10.10—vacuum gauge of the module (10); 11.10—coarse filter of the module (10); 12.10, 13.10—controllable electromagnetic valves of the module (10) for feeding the oil to the module (10); 14.10—controllable electromagnetic valve of the module (10) for feeding the oil to the pump; 15.10—controllable electromagnetic valve of the module (10) for feeding the oil to the filter (6.10); 16.10—controllable electromagnetic valve of the module (10) for feeding the oil from the module (30); 17.10—controllable electromagnetic valve of the module (10) for feeding the oil to the module (30); 18.10—controllable electromagnetic valve of the module (10) for feeding the vapor/air mixture to the air compressor; 19.10—controllable electromagnetic valve of the module (10) for feeding the oil for recirculation; 20.10, 26.10—pressure reducing valves of the module (10); 21.10—valve for supplying air to the functional reservoir of the module (10); 22.10, 23.10, 24.10, 25.10, 47.10—connecting sleeves of the module (10); 27.10—oil filter contamination sensor of the module (10); 28.10—air filter of the module (10); 29.10, 30.10, 31.10, 32.10—level sensors of the module (10); 33.10—power switch of the module (10); 34.10—power plug of the module (10); 35.10—module (10) bus for controlling the module (30); 36.10—module (10) bus for controlling the module (20) and module (40); 37.10—connecting sleeve of the module (10) for feeding the oil from the system of the module (40); 38.10—connecting sleeve of the module (10) for feeding the oil from the module (10) to the system of the module (40); 39.10—connecting sleeve of the module (10) for feeding the oil from the module (30) to the module (10); 40.10—connecting sleeve of the module (10) for feeding the oil from the module (10) to the module (30); 41.10—valve for collecting samples from the module (10); 42.10—drain valve of the module (10); 43.10—connecting sleeve for removing vapor/air mixture of the module (10) either into the open air, or to the module (20); 44.10—electric heater of the module (10); 45.10—non-return/shut-off valve of the module (10); 46.10—reservoir of the module (10) for collecting the oil condensate; 48.10, 49.10—electric motors of the module (10).
20—module for diagnostics and monitoring of the oil to be purified; 1.20—reservoir of the module (20) for cooling and collecting the vapors of fuel fractions; 2.20—ejector of the module (20); 3.20—control unit of the module (20); 4.20—first gas analyzer; 5.20—second gas analyzer; 6.20—temperature sensor of the module (20); 7.20—low level sensor for the cooled water of the module (20); 8.20—high level sensor for the cooled water and low level sensor for the fuel fractions of the module (20); 9.20—high level sensor for the vapors of fuel fractions of the module (20); 10.20, 11.20, 12.20, 13.20—electromagnetic process control valves of the module (20); 14.20, 15.20, 16.20, 17.20, 18.20—connecting sleeves of the module (20) for connecting to the cooling system, drainage system, system for collecting the vapors of fuel fractions, vapor/air line of the module (10) and compressor of the module (10), respectively; 19—external air intake; 20.20—electrical connector of the module (20) to connect with the control system of the module (10) and power supply system of the module (20); 21.20—25.20—non-return/shut-off valves of the module (20).
30—module for applying functional additives to the oil to be purified; 1.30—reservoir of the module (30) for mixing regenerated oil with recovery additives contained in reservoirs No 2,3,4; 2.30—reservoir of the module (30) with cleaning additive; 3.30—reservoir of the module (30) with an additive that maintains the lubricating properties of the oil; 4.30—reservoir of the module (30) with an additive with anti-foaming properties; 5.30—control unit of the module (30); 6.30—flow meter of the module (30); 7.30—mixer of the oil to be regenerated and the additives of the module (30); 8.30, 9.30, 10.30, 11.30, 12.30, —electromagnetic valves of the module (30) for automatic control of the process; 13.30—20.30—level sensors of the module (30); 21.30, 22.30—connecting sleeves of the module (30) to connect to the module (10); 23.30—electrical connector of the module (30) to connect with the control system of the module (10) and power supply system of the module (30); 24.30—28.30—non-return/shut-off valves of the module (30).
40—unit for controlling the quality of the oil to be purified; 1.40—connecting sleeve of the module (40) to connect to the system containing contaminated oil; 2.40, 3.40—connecting sleeves of the module (40) to connect to the module (10); 4.40—power supply and control bus of the module (40); 5.40—control unit of the module (40); 6.40—oil pump of the module (40); 7.40—electric motor of the pump; 8.40—reservoir of the module (40) for diagnostics and purification of the oil from insoluble impurities; 9.40—fine filter of the module (40); 10.40, 11.40—parallel-connected centrifuges of the module (40); 12.40—sensor of the module (40) for monitoring the insoluble impurities and concentrations of the cleaning additive; 13.40—magnetic filter and sensor for monitoring the additive of the module (40), which additive maintains the lubricating properties of the oil; 14.40—sensor of the module (40) for monitoring the additive with anti-foaming properties; 15.40, 16.40—level sensors of the module (40); 17.40, 18.40, 19.40—cut-off electromagnetic valves of the module (40); 20.40, 21.40, 22.40, 23.40, 24.40, 25.40, 26.40, 27.40, 32.40—electromagnetic process control valves of the module (40); 28.40—pressure reducing valve of the module (40); 29.40, 30.40, 31.40—non-return/shut-off valves of the module (40).
EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
An integrated plant for regeneration and recovering waste industrial and engine oils comprises a module (10) for removing moisture and fuel fractions from the oil to be purified, which module is connected to a module (20) for diagnostics and monitoring of the oil to be purified, a module (40) for controlling the quality of the oil to be purified and a module (30) for applying functional additives to the oil to be purified.
The module (10) for removing moisture and fuel fractions from the oil to be purified comprises a housing, which accommodates the following:
- high-pressure hydraulic hoses with shut-off valves;
- a functional reservoir (1.10) in the form of a truncated cone, which reservoir comprises a unit for feeding oil for purification, wherein such unit is made in the form of a pipe and is located in the lower part of the reservoir (1.10), a unit for feeding the oil to the functional reservoir (1.10), wherein the unit is made in the form of a pipe and located in the lower part of the reservoir (1.10) at a certain circumferential distance from the unit for feeding oil for purification, wherein an air filter (28.10) is mounted on the external surface (in the upper part) of the functional reservoir. The reservoir (1.10) also comprises the level sensors (29.10, 30.10, 31.10), a vacuum gauge (10.10), a valve (21.10) for supplying air to the functional reservoir (1.10) and an electrical heater (44.10);
- a recirculation circuit placed between the unit for feeding oil for purification and a unit for feeding oil to the functional reservoir (1.10), in which the functional reservoir (1.10) is connected, through high-pressure hydraulic hoses, to an oil pump (2.10) and the first fine filter (6.10) with an oil filter contamination sensor (27.10) mounted in series, wherein a recirculation circuit comprises a computer-controlled (4.10) electromagnetic valve (14.10) for feeding the oil to the pump (2.10), which valve is mounted before the pump (2.10), a computer-controlled (4.10) electromagnetic valve (15.10) for feeding the oil to the filter (6.10), which valve is mounted before the filter (6.10), T-bends (23.10, 24.10) placed in series after the filter (6.10), a computer (4.10) controllable electromagnetic valve (19.10), and a T-bend (22.10);
- a unit for feeding the oil to be purified to the module (30) for applying functional additives to the oil to be purified, wherein the unit is made in the form of a high-pressure hydraulic hose with computer-controlled (4.10) electromagnetic valve (17.10) and connecting sleeve (40.10) for feeding the oil from the module (10) to the module (30) connected to a recirculation circuit and placed after a pump (2.10);
- a unit for feeding the oil to be purified from the module (30) for applying functional additives to the oil to be purified, wherein the unit is made in the form of a high-pressure hydraulic hose with computer-controlled (4.10) electromagnetic valve (16.10) and connecting sleeve (39.10) for feeding the oil from the module (30) to the module (10), connected to a recirculation circuit and placed before a pump (2.10);
- a unit for feeding the oil to be purified from the module (40) for controlling the quality of the oil to be purified, wherein the unit is made in the form of a high-pressure hydraulic hose with a connecting sleeve (37.10) for feeding the oil from the system of the module (40) and a coarse filter (11.10) connected to a unit for feeding the oil to a functional reservoir (1.10) through a T-bend (22.10) with a moisture sensor (8.10), wherein the unit for feeding the oil to be purified from the module (40) comprises computer-controlled (4.10) electromagnetic valves (12.10, 13.10) for feeding the oil to the module (10), which electromagnetic valves are mounted in series;
- a unit for feeding the oil to be purified to the module (40) for controlling the quality of the oil to be purified, wherein the unit is placed after a fine filter and made in the form of a high-pressure hydraulic hose with the connecting sleeve (38.10) for feeding the oil from the module (10) to the system of the module (40), and is connected to a recirculation circuit through a T-bend (23.10), wherein the unit for feeding the oil to be purified to the module (40) comprises the following placed in series after a T-bend (23.10): a computer-controlled (4.10) electromagnetic valve (9.10), a non-return/shut-off valve (45.10), a T-bend (47.10) with a valve (41.10) for collecting the samples from the module (10);
- vapor/air line for feeding the vapor/air mixture from a functional reservoir (1.10) to the module (10) for removing moisture and fuel fractions from the oil to be purified, which line comprises second fine oil filter (7.10) and an air compressor (3.10) connected in series through high-pressure hydraulic hoses with the top pipe of the reservoir (1.10), wherein a T-bend (25.10) is installed before the filter (7.10) and a computer-controlled (4.10) electromagnetic valve for (18.10) feeding the vapor/air mixture to the air compressor (3.10) is installed after the filter (7.10), and a drainage unit made in the form of a high-pressure hydraulic hose with a pressure reducing valve (26.10) and reservoir (46.10) comprising the level sensors (32.10) and a drain valve (42.10) is installed before the filter (7.10), wherein the reservoir (46.10) is connected to the T-bend (25.10) through the said hydraulic hose.
The module (20) for diagnostics and monitoring of the oil to be purified comprises a housing, which accommodates the following:
- high-pressure hydraulic hoses with shut-off valves;
- a reservoir (1.20) for cooling and collecting the vapors of fuel fractions, which reservoir comprises a temperature sensor (6.20), a low level sensor for the cooled water (7.20), a high level sensor for the cooled water and low level sensor for the fuel fractions of the module (8.20), a high level sensor for the vapors of fuel fractions of the module (9.20).
- a unit for feeding the vapor/air mixture to a reservoir (1.20) for cooling and collecting the vapors of fuel fractions, wherein the unit is made in the form of a pipe connecting, through high-pressure hydraulic hoses with an ejector (2.20), the reservoir (1.20) for cooling and collecting the vapors of fuel fractions, along with feeding the vapor/air mixture from the module (10) for diagnostics and monitoring of the oil to be purified, wherein the ejector (2.20) has a pipe on the intake side, which pipe connects an electromagnetic valve (13.20) controllable through a control unit (3.20) and a connecting sleeve (17.20) to a hydraulic hose for connecting to vapor/air line through a valve (18.10) of the module (10), and on the discharge side, has a pipe with a connecting sleeve (18.20), which is connected, through a hydraulic hose, to a compressor (3.10) through a sleeve (43.10) of the module (10);
- a unit for feeding the fresh water to a reservoir (1.20) for cooling and collecting the vapors of fuel fractions, wherein the unit is made in the form of a pipe running through a high-pressure hydraulic hose and comprises an electromagnetic valve (11.20) controllable through a control unit (3.20) and a connecting sleeve (14.20) to connect to the cooling system;
- a unit for feeding the coolant into the drainage system from the reservoir (1.20) for cooling and collecting the vapors of fuel fractions through a high-pressure hydraulic hose, wherein the unit comprises the electromagnetic valves (10.20) controllable through a control unit (3.20) and a connecting sleeve (15.20) to connect to the drainage system;
- a unit for removing the vapors of fuel fractions from the reservoir (1.20) for cooling and collecting the vapors of fuel fractions through a high-pressure hydraulic hose, wherein the unit comprises the electromagnetic valves (12.20) controllable through a control unit (3.20) and a connecting sleeve (16.20) to connect to the drainage system;
- a first gas analyzer (4.20) connected to the external air intake, which is connected to the housing of the module (10). The first gas analyzer determines the vapor content of fuel fractions in the module 10;
- second gas analyzer (5.20) determines the vapor content of fuel fractions in module 20.
The module (30) for applying functional additives to the oil to be purified comprises a housing, which accommodates the following:
- a reservoir (1.30) for mixing regenerated oil with recovery additives with a unit for feeding the oil to be purified to the module (10) for removing moisture and fuel fractions from the oil to be purified, which reservoir comprises the level sensors (13.30, 14.30);
- a reservoir (2.30) with cleaning additive comprising the level sensors (15.30, 16.30);
- a reservoir (3.30) with an additive that maintains the lubricating properties of the oil comprising the level sensors (17.30, 18.30);
- a reservoir (4.30) with an additive with anti-foaming properties;
- a unit for feeding the oil to be purified from the module for removing moisture and fuel fractions from the oil to be purified to the reservoir (1.30) for mixing regenerated oil with recovery additives, wherein the unit comprises a mixer (7.30) of the oil to be regenerated and the additives, wherein the said unit is made in the form of a line of high-pressure hydraulic hoses with a connecting sleeve (22.30) to connect to the module (10), which sleeve is connected to the inlet pipe of the reservoir (1.30) and comprises a non-return/shut-off valve (27.30), an electromagnetic valve (12.30) and a mixer (7.30) installed in series, wherein the high-pressure hydraulic hoses from the reservoirs (2.30, 3.30, 4.30) are combined into a common line with a flow meter (6.10), which is connected to the unit for feeding the oil to be purified from the module (10) before the mixer (7.30);
- a high-pressure hydraulic hose of the reservoir (4.10,) which hose comprises an electromagnetic valve (11.30) controllable through a control unit (5.30) and non-return/shut-off valve (25.10), a high-pressure hydraulic hose reservoir (3.10,) comprising and electromagnetic valve (10.30) controllable through a control unit (5.30) and a non-return/shut-off valve (24.10), and a high-pressure hydraulic hose reservoir (2.10,) comprising an electromagnetic valve (9.30) controllable through a control unit (5.30) and a non-return/shut-off valve (26.10), wherein the said hydraulic hoses are connected to a shared hydraulic hose with a flow meter (6.30) to connect the said reservoirs (2.10, 3.10, 4.10) with the additives to the mixer (7.30) of the oil to be regenerated and the additives of the unit for feeding the oil to be purified to the said reservoir (1.30) for mixing the regenerated oil between the electromagnetic valve (12.30) controllable through a control unit (5.30) and the mixer (7.30);
- a unit for feeding the oil to be purified to the module (10) for removing moisture and fuel fractions from the oil to be purified, wherein the unit is made in the form of a high-pressure hydraulic hose with a connecting sleeve (21.30) to connect to the module (10), and comprises an electromagnetic valve (8.30) controllable through a control unit (5.30) and a non-return/shut-off valve (28.30) mounted in series.
A module (40) for quality control of the oil to be purified comprises a housing, which accommodates the following:
- high-pressure hydraulic hoses with shut-off valves;
- a reservoir (8) for diagnostics and purification of the oil, along with the level sensors (15.40, 16.40) and a unit for feeding the oil to be purified from the module (10), wherein the unit is made in the form of a pipe connected to a high-pressure hydraulic hose and comprises a cut-off electromagnetic valve (19.40) controllable through a control unit (5.40) and a connecting sleeve (3.40) to connect to the module (10);
- recirculation circuits of the reservoir (8.40), having a shared part of the high-pressure hydraulic hose, in which part an oil pump (6.40) and a unit for feeding the waste oil to the module (40) are accommodated wherein, in the first recirculation circuit, a reservoir (8.40) for diagnostics and purification of oil through high-pressure hydraulic hoses is connected to the following mounted in series: a sensor (12.40) for monitoring the insoluble impurities and concentrations of the cleaning additive, a magnetic filter sensor for monitoring the additive (13.40) that maintains the lubricating properties of oil, a sensor (14.40) for monitoring the additive with anti-foaming properties, wherein the first recirculation circuit comprises an electromagnetic valve (20.40) controllable through a control unit (5.40) and mounted before the pump (6.40), electromagnetic valves (25.40, 27.40) controllable through a control unit (5.40) and mounted between the pump (6.40) and the sensor (12.40), and a non-return/shut-off valve (31.40) mounted after the sensor (14.40); in the second recirculation circuit, a reservoir (8.40) for diagnostics and purification of oil is connected, through high-pressure hydraulic hoses, to two parallel-connected centrifuges (10.40, 11.40), the number of which may be up to five, wherein the second recirculation circuit comprises an electromagnetic valve (20.40) controllable through a control unit (5.40) and mounted before the pump (6.40), and the electromagnetic valves (32.40, 27.40) controllable through a control unit (5.40) and mounted between the pump (6.40) and centrifuges (10.40, 11.40), and a non-return/shut-off valve (31.40) mounted after the centrifuges (10.40, 11.40); in the third recirculation circuit, a reservoir (8.40) for diagnostics and purification of oil is connected, through high-pressure hydraulic hoses, to the fine filter (9.40), wherein the third recirculation circuit comprises an electromagnetic valve (20.40) controllable through a control unit (5.40) and mounted before the pump (6.40), and the electromagnetic valves (26.40, 27.40) controllable through a control unit (5.40) and mounted between the pump (6.40) and the filter (9.40,) and a non-return/shut-off valve (31.40) mounted after the filter (9.40);
- a unit for feeding waste (contaminated) oil, passing through the shared part of the recirculation circuits line and is made in the form of a line from a high-pressure hydraulic hose comprising a connecting sleeve (1.40) to connect to the system containing contaminated oil, a cut-off electromagnetic valve (17.40) controllable through a control unit (5.40) and mounted before a pump (6.40) and an electromagnetic valve (21.40) controllable through a control unit (5.40).
- a unit for feeding the oil to be purified to the module (10), wherein the unit is connected to a recirculation circuit after the pump (6.40) and is made in the form of a line from a high-pressure hydraulic hose comprising a connecting sleeve (2.40) to connect to the system containing contaminated oil and a cut-off electromagnetic valve (18.40) controllable through a control unit (5.40).
The pumps (2.10, 6.40) relate to the volumetric-type pumps, such as gear pumps, screw pumps, roller-vane pumps, axial pumps and other pumps.
The claimed integrated plant for regeneration and recovering waste industrial and engine oils operates as follows (using the example of ship engine oil purification).
Before starting the claimed integrated plant, the modules (10, 20, 30, 40) are connected to each other:
- hydraulic section is connected using high-pressure hydraulic hoses that can withstand the pressure (P=410 psi or 27 kg/cm2), connecting sleeve (37.10) of the module (10) is connected to the connecting sleeve (2.40) of the module (40), connecting sleeve (38.40) of the module (10) is connected to the connecting sleeve (3.40) of the module (40), connecting sleeve (40.10) of the module (10) is connected to the connecting sleeve (22.30) of the module (30), connecting sleeve (39.10) of the module (10) is connected to the connecting sleeve (21.30) of the module (30), connecting sleeve (43.10) of the module (10) is connected to the connecting sleeve (17.20) of the module (20), connecting sleeve (18.20) of the module (20) is connected with controllable electromagnetic valve (18.10) for feeding vapor/air mixture of the module (10), connecting sleeve (14.20) of the unit for feeding the coolant into the drainage system of the module (20) is connected to the cooling system of the ship, connecting sleeve (15.20) of the unit for feeding fresh water to the reservoir (1.20) of the module (20) is connected to the cooling system of the ship, connecting sleeve (1.40) of the module (40) is connected to the oil system of the mechanism or engine containing the oil to be purified;
- electrical section is connected using the cables that can withstand the voltage of the electric current (380-440 V), a fiber optic cable is used for sensors to transmit more accurate signals for diagnostics: a control bus (35.10) of the module (10) is connected to the electrical connector (23.30) of the module (30), control bus (36.10) of the module (10) is connected to the electrical connector (20.20) of the module (20) and to the electrical bus (4.40) of the module (40), and the power plug (34.10) of the module (10) is connected to the power grid using a power switch (33);
- safety system: external air intake (19.10) of the gas analyzers (4.20) of the module (20) is placed in the housing of the module (10).
Once the integrated plant for regeneration and recovering waste industrial and engine oils is ready for operation, the engine oil pump or the circulation pump of the oil system is started, and the plant can be used for the oil purification both when the engine/system is running or is on standby. Next, the switch (33.10) of the module (10) is turned to its Start position. After that, the touch screen monitor is used to enter all desired parameters: maximum temperature (° C.) of the heater, moisture (%), maximum allowed concentration of the fuel fraction vapors (%), maximum allowed concentration of the insoluble impurities (%), operating cycle time, etc. Once the operation parameters are configured, an oil purification program is selected, for example, maximum cycle (purification from insoluble impurities, fuel fractions and water, oil recovery with deficient additives); next, the selected program is started and, only after that, the shut-off valves of the oil system, where the purification is carried out, are opened.
The oil is purified of insoluble impurities in the module (40); and, once the allowed concentrations of insoluble impurities are achieved, the oil from the module (40) is fed to the module (10) for diagnostics of oil in terms of its moisture and fuel fraction content. Following the diagnostics, the oil is purified of moisture and fuel fractions in accordance with the selected program using the module (20), where the fuel vapors are condensed, and condensed fuel vapors are collected, and the operating environment is tested using the gas analyzers (4.20, 5.20) of the integrated plant's safety system. Once the oil is purified of moisture and fuel fractions, the oil is tested in the module (40) in terms of its content of cleaning additives and, next, the oil is fed back to the module (10), where the oil recovery program specifies the concentration of the additive required for oil recovery. Next, the oil is fed to the module (30), where the oil is mixed with the additives, and the final mixing of the additive and the oil takes place in the operating reservoir of the module (10) which, in addition to other functions required for the operation, acts as a disperser. Once a certain number of cycles is performed, at the final stage, the regenerated and recovered oil must be processed and tested in terms of the oil recovery with the additives in the module 4 and, after that, the oil is fed either to the reservoir for storage or to the operating system of the engine for further use. The module (10) controls the entire integrated plant for regeneration of and recovering waste industrial and engine oils.
Below is the detailed description of the each module's operation.
The waste oil is fed using the pump (6.40), which is operated by the electric motor (7.40) controlled by the control unit (5.40), from the main engine system through high-pressure hose of the unit for feeding the waste oil to the module (40) connected to the engine through connecting sleeve (1.10), with opened controllable electromagnetic valves (17.40, 21.40) to the reservoir (8.40), while all other controllable electromagnetic valves of the module (40) are closed. When the reservoir (8.40) is full, this triggers the high level sensor (15.40) and controllable electromagnetic valves (17.40, 21.40) are closed, and the valves (20.40, 25.40, 27.40) are opened, and the oil from the reservoir (8.40) is fed to the first recirculation circuit, where the oil is pumped, in the recirculation mode, by the pump (6.40) and fed back to the reservoir (8.40) through non-return/shut-off valve (31.40), wherein the sensor (12.40) for monitoring the insoluble impurities and concentrations of cleaning additive, magnetic filter and the sensor for monitoring the additive that maintains the lubricating properties of the oil (13.40) and the sensor (14.40) for monitoring the additive with anti-foaming properties determine the corresponding parameters.
In the first recirculation circuit, the oil is pumped, in the recirculation mode, until the oil is fully tested in terms of insoluble impurities and the need for applying the appropriate additives. Once the complete data is received from the said sensors (12.40, 13.40, 14.40), such data is sent to the control unit (5.40) of module (40) to determine whether there is a need to apply the appropriate amount of additives required for recovering the oil in the module (30).
Based on the data received on insoluble impurities, the module (40) operates to pump the oil through the second recirculation circuit and, to do this, the controllable electromagnetic valve (25.40) is closed and the controllable electromagnetic valve (32.40) is opened, and the pump (6.40) is used to pump the oil through the centrifuges (10.40, 11.40), where the oil is purified of insoluble impurities and then, through non-return/shut-off valve (29.40), the oil is fed back to the reservoir (8.40). After several recirculation cycles in the second recirculation circuit, the controllable electromagnetic valve (32.40) is closed, and the controllable electromagnetic valve (25.40) is opened and the oil is fed to the first recirculation circuit, and the sensor (12.40) is used to determine the content of insoluble impurities. If the oil insufficiently purified, it is fed back to the second recirculation circuit for purification in centrifuges (10.40, 11.40).
When the required content level of insoluble impurities in the oil is reached, which can be ensured by the centrifuges, the controllable electromagnetic valve (26.40) is opened, while the controllable electromagnetic valves (25.40, 32.40) are closed, and the oil is fed to the third recirculation circuit and is pumped, in the recirculation mode, through the fine filter (9.40) and is fed back to the reservoir (8.40) through non-return/shut-off valve (30.40).
After several recirculation cycles in the third recirculation circuit, the oil is fed to the first recirculation circuit, where the sensor (12.40) is used to determine the content level of insoluble impurities. If the content level of insoluble impurities failed to reach the required level, which may be ensured by the filter (9.40), then the oil is fed back to the third recirculation circuit. Once the required content level of insoluble impurities in the oil is reached, the controllable electromagnetic valve (18.40) for feeding the oil to the module (10) is opened, and the controllable electromagnetic valve (27.40) is closed, and the oil is pumped, through high-pressure hydraulic hose connected using the connecting sleeve (2.40) to the module (10), to the module (10) for further diagnostics, regeneration or recovery and, once the oil in the reservoir (8.40) reaches the low level, this triggers the level sensor (16.40) of the reservoir (8.40), which stops the pump (6.40) and closes the valves (18.40, 20.40).
From the module (40), the oil is fed to the module (10) to the unit for feeding the oil to be purified from the module (40), wherein the oil, after passing through the coarse filter (11.10), controllable electromagnetic valves (12.10, 13.10) and the T-bend (22.10) with installed moisture sensor (8.10), is fed to the functional reservoir (1.10) and, once the functional reservoir (1.10) is filled, this triggers the high level sensor (31.10) and the electromagnetic valves (12.10, 13.10) will close.
Next, the computer-controlled (4.10) electrical heater (44.10) is activated and the external air supply is configured to maintain the required vacuum parameters (required pressure) using the valve (21.10) for supplying air to the reservoir (1.10), wherein the external air is fed through the air filter (28.10) and, next, the computer-controlled (4.10) air compressor (3.10) driven by the electric motor (49.10) is activated to create vacuum inside the functional reservoir (1.10). The sensor (10.10) shows the parameters of vacuum (pressure) in the reservoir (1.10); a filter (7.10) is provided to capture any evaporated oil in the vapor/air line used for feeding the vapor/air mixture from the reservoir (1.10), wherein such vapor/air line is connected to the reservoir (46.10) with the drainage valve (42.10) and level sensor (32.10) of the drainage unit made in the form of high-pressure hydraulic hose with electromagnetic valve (26.10) connecting the reservoir (46.10) through a T-bend (25.10).
If the reservoir (46.10) is filled with the oil, this triggers the level sensor (32.10) and the integrated plant will stop until the issue of overfilling is resolved, and there is also a bypass line connected to the reservoir 46, which line comprises a safety valve (26.10) with a T-bend (25.10), which valve is configured for a certain pressure.
If the oil is fed to the vapor/air line (such as, in case of the level sensor's (31.10) failure), an excess pressure builds up in the filter (7.10), and the safety valve (26.10) configured to open at a certain pressure is opened, and the reservoir (46.10) is filled; when the reservoir (46.10) is filled, this triggers the level sensor (32.10) and on-board computer (4.10), which stops the module (10) and sends the signals to the control units (3.20, 5.30, 5.40), which stop the modules (20, 30, 40) and, as a result, the operation of the entire integrated plant is stopped.
Next, the electromagnetic valves (14.10, 15.10, 19.10) are opened, while the electromagnetic valves (9.10, 13.10, 16.10, 17.10, 20.10) are stopped, and the oil is fed from the reservoir (1), using the computer-controlled (4.10) pump (2.10) driven by the electric motor (48.10), to the filter (6.10) of the recirculation circuit and, after that, it is fed back to the reservoir (1.10). In the recirculation mode, the oil is pumped through the filter (6.10) until the moisture and vapor content of the fuel fractions in the oil reaches the required values, as determined by the moisture sensor (6.10), and moisture content in the oil is reduced by heating up the reservoir (1.10) and collecting the vapor/air mixture from the reservoir (1.10) to the module (20), and the vapor content of the fuel fractions in the oil is reduced by collecting the vapor/air mixture from the reservoir (1.10) to the module (20).
To collect the vapor/air mixture from the reservoir (1.10) to the module (20), the computer-controlled (4.10) electromagnetic valve (18.10) of the vapor/air line connected through the connecting sleeve (43.10) for removing the vapor/air mixture to the connecting sleeve (17.20) of high-pressure hydraulic hose of the unit for feeding the vapor/air mixture to the reservoir (1.20) for cooling and collecting the vapors of fuel fractions of the module (20). The external air intake (19.20) is connected to the gas analyzer (5.20) to determine the vapor content of fuel fractions and to the inner space of the module (10). Before the module (20) starts to operate, the reservoir (1.20) is filled with the cooling water using high-pressure hydraulic hose of the unit for feeding the fresh water to the level reached when the sensor (8.20) connected through the connecting sleeve (14.20) with the cooling system is triggered and, at that time, the valve (11.20) high-pressure hydraulic hose is automatically closed. The reservoir (1.10) is connected, using a high-pressure hydraulic hose unit for feeding the coolant into the drainage system, through a connecting sleeve (15.20) to the drainage system, and is connected, using a high-pressure hydraulic hose of the unit for removing the vapors of fuel fractions, through a connecting sleeve (16.20) to the reservoir or system for collecting the vapors of fuel fractions, and is connected, using a high-pressure hydraulic hose of the unit for feeding the vapor/air mixture, through a connecting sleeve (18.20) to the air compressor (3.10) of the module (10).
When the oil is being purified of vapors of fuel fractions in the module (10), the valve (10.10) is in its opened position to create the vacuum in the reservoir (1.10) of the module (10), and remove the vapors of fuel fractions from the functional reservoir (1.10) and, when the oil is being purified from the fuel fractions, the suction pipe of the compressor (3.10) is disconnected from the valves (18.10) and the air is taken from the external environment, and the ejector (2.20) creates the vacuum in the reservoir (1.10), which ensures the safe operation of the integrated plant.
When the compressor (3.10) is switched on, the computer (4.10) of the module (10) sends a signal to the control unit (3.2) of the module (20), and sends a signal to open the controllable electromagnetic valve (13.20) to create the vacuum in the functional reservoir (1.10) of the module (10) and feed the vapors of the fuel fractions to the module (20). This design is provided to make the operation of the integrated plant safe; if the vapor/air flow is fed directly through the compressor (3.10), the fuel vapors can be ignited by the heat of the operating compressor (3.10); and, in this case, the air flow generated by the compressor (3.10) causes the vapor/air mixture to be carried away, thereby, excluding its contact with the housing of the compressor (3.10); and the vapor/air mixture is fed to the reservoir (1.20) of the module (20) for collecting the vapors of fuel fractions and cooling down the vapor/air mixture.
The vapors of fuel fractions from the module (10) are fed to the functional reservoir (1.20) of the module (20), where they condensate at the contact with the water and accumulate at the water surface; and, after the high level sensor (9) is triggered, the electromagnetic valve (12.20) controlled by the control unit (3.20) is opened, and the vapors of fuel fractions move, on their own, to the reservoir or the system for collecting the vapors of fuel fractions; and, in this case, the level in reservoir (1.20) becomes lower and, when the level sensor (8.20) is triggered, the electromagnetic valve (12.20) is closed. When the coolant reaches the temperature, at which the vapors of fuel fractions cannot condensate, the feeding of the vapors of fuels fractions from the module (10) is stopped by closing the electromagnetic valves (18.10) at a signal sent by the temperature sensor (6.20). The fuel fractions accumulated in the reservoir (1.20) are fed to the reservoir or system for collecting the vapors of fuel fractions in accordance with the process described earlier, after which the electromagnetic valve (10.20) controlled by the control unit (3.20) is opened and the coolant is fed to the drainage system and, as the level in the reservoir becomes lower, the electromagnetic valve (10.20) is closed after the triggering of the sensor (7.20). Next, the electromagnetic valve (11.20) is opened and the reservoir (1.20) is filled with the coolant and, when the sensor (8.20) is triggered, the electromagnetic valve (11.20) is closed, and the feeding of vapors of fuel fractions from the module (10) resumes by opening the electromagnetic valves (18.10). The opening and closing cycles are repeated until the oil is completely purified of vapors of fuel fractions in the reservoir (1.10) of the module (10).
Once the moisture and the vapors of fuel fractions are removed from the oil, and based on the information received earlier from the module (40) on the need to apply an appropriate amount of required additives, the computer (4.10) of the module (10) sends a signal to the control unit (3.30) of the module (30) to apply the additives to the operating reservoir (1.30) so that they can be mixed with the oil. To mix the oil with the additives, the controllable electromagnetic valves (15.10, 19.10) of the module (10) are closed, and the controllable electromagnetic valve (17.10) of the module (10) is opened, and the controllable electromagnetic valve (12.30) of the module (30) is opened to fill the reservoir (1.30) for mixing regenerated oil with recovery additives of the module (30), and the oil from the module (10) is fed to the reservoir (1.30) of the module (30). When the reservoir (1.30) is filled, this triggers the low level sensor (13.30) of the reservoir (1.30), and the controllable electromagnetic valve (9.30), and/or controllable electromagnetic valve (10.30), and/or controllable electromagnetic valve (11.30) is/are opened, depending on the additive required for application to the oil to be recovered from the reservoir (2.30) with the cleaning additive, and/or the reservoir (3.30) with an additive that maintains the lubricating properties of the oil, and/or the reservoir (4.30) with an additive with anti-foaming properties, and the flow meter (6.30) is used to record the required amount of the additive to apply when filling the reservoir (1.30). When the high level sensor (14.30) of the reservoir (1.30) is triggered, the control unit (5.30) of the module (30) sends a signal to the on-board computer (4.10) of the module (10) to close the controllable electromagnetic valve (14.10) and open the electromagnetic valve (16.10), and the control unit (5.30) also sends a signal to open the electromagnetic valve (8.30); and, next, the oil is mixed; to do this, the pump (2.10) of the module (10) pumps the oil with the additives through the following recirculation circuit: reservoir (1.30)—electromagnetic valve (8.30)—electromagnetic valve (16.10)—electromagnetic valve (17.10)—electromagnetic valve (12.30)—mixer (7.30) of the oil to be regenerated and additives—reservoir (1.30), wherein the oil and the additive are mixed in the mixer (7.30). Once the mixing of oil with the functional additives reaches a certain number of operating cycles, the electromagnetic valve (8.30) is closed, and the reservoir (1.30) is filled to the level that triggers the level sensor (14.30), and the electromagnetic valve (12.30) is closed; next, the valve (8.30) is opened and the oil is fed to the functional reservoir (1.10) of the module (10); next, the electromagnetic valve (9.10) is opened and the electromagnetic valve (17.10) is closed, and the oil is fed to the functional reservoir (1.10) of the module (10) to be dispersed in a heated state. Once the reservoir (1.30) of the module (30) is drained, this triggers the level sensor (13.30) and the electromagnetic valve (8.30) is closed. Next, following the dispersion in the module (10), the recovered oil is fed from the functional reservoir (1.10) to the reservoir (8.40) for diagnostics and purification of the oil from insoluble impurities in the module (40), and the system of the module (40) conducts the control test using the sensors (12.40, 13.40, 14.40) of the first recirculation circuit, as described above. Once the on-board computer (4.10) of the module (10) processes all information, which was sent by the control unit (5.40) of the module (40) and which was received by the unit (5.40) from the sensors (12.40, 13.40, 14.40), and positively determines that the oil was recovered and regenerated, the on-board computer (4.10) sends a signal to the unit (5.40) to open the electromagnetic valves (17.40, 20.40) of the module (40), while the electromagnetic valves (18.40, 21.40, 27.40) are closed, and the oil is fed by the pump (6.40) of the module (40), through the valve (17.40), back to the system where it was taken from for regeneration and recovery. If the gas analyzer (4.20) finds any leak of the vapors of fuel fractions in the housing of the module (10) or the gas analyzer (5.20) finds any leak of the vapors of fuel fractions in the housing of the module (20), the control unit (3.20) of the module (20) sends a signal to the on-board computer (4.10), which will stop the operation of the module (10) and will send signals to the control units (3.20, 5.30, 5.40), which will stop the operation of the modules (20, 30, 40) and, therefore, the operation of the entire integrated plant will stop.
The integrated plant is fully automated, including both the diagnostics of the industrial and engine oil to be regenerated and recovered, and the safety system that monitors the maximum allowed values of fuel vapors in the operating environment. Also, the design and structural characteristics of the units and components of the integrated plant's modules, the clear interactions between all modules of the integrated plant, the monitoring over the operating parameters of both the integrated plant in general and the parameters of the oil to be purified, the monitoring over the undesirable impurities content (insoluble impurities, water, fuel), as well as desired (functional) additives, allow to improve the degree of oil purification and recovery up to 99.9% and enhance the safety of the integrated plant.
The invention has been disclosed above with reference to its particular embodiment. Other embodiments of the invention that do not change the essence of the invention as disclosed in this description may also be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the invention should be considered limited in scope only by the claims below.
Patent Application
20250171706
