Integrated stabilizer in deisobutanizer for isomerization of hydrocarbons and product separation

Abstract

An isomerization method consists of a deisobutanizer column receives feed comprising n-butane. The deisobutanizer column delivers its bottoms a portion to a reboiler and another portion along with hydrogen is routed to a isomerization reactor and the reactor effluent is returned to the column. A stabilizer which is integrated with the column, an overhead stream used as a reflux and bottoms containing an iso-butane-rich stream that is the iso-butane product stream.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to isomerization of hydrocarbons and fractionation of the product effluent stream for effective separation of iso-paraffins from feedstock and more particularly relates to such isomerization processes that include an integrated stabilizer in fractionation section.

BACKGROUND

About 90% of the total butane consumption in the United States is in gasoline manufacture where n-butane is used directly as a blending component, and isobutane is either used for the production of high octane alkylate or for the production of isobutylene to make methyl tert-butyl ether. Chemical uses account for another 6-8% of the total butanes. Due to the recent increased demand for high octane gasoline and the federally regulated reduction of gasoline vapor pressure, there is the need to have a process that can effectively convert normal butane to isobutane to ultimately increase the production of high octane blending components.

As the boiling points of normal butane and isobutane are relatively close and a relatively pure isobutane product is desired, the deisobutanizer typically is operated with a high reflux ratio. Thus, the heat duty of the deisobutanizer is a significant component of the operating costs of a butane isomerization process, and the heat duty becomes increasingly significant as higher purity isobutane product streams are sought. Accordingly, improved normal butane isomerization processes are sought that have improved capital and operating cost.

The objective of the present invention is Methods and apparatuses for the isomerization of hydrocarbons and fractionation having reduced reflux demand and reboiler duty by Stabilizer integrated with deisobutanizer columns.

SUMMARY

An isomerization system consists of a deisobutanizer column receives feed comprising n-butane. The deisobutanizer column delivers its bottoms a portion to a reboiler and another portion along with hydrogen is routed to an isomerization reactor and the reactor effluent is returned to the column. A stabilizer which is integrated with the column, an overhead stream of stabilizer used as a reflux and bottoms containing an iso-butane-rich stream that is iso-butane product stream.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1—Typical scheme of iso-butane unit with stabilizer section; isomerization of n-butane to iso-butane by stabilizer integrated with deisobutanizer column;

FIG. 2—Stabilizer section in the bottom of the deisobutanizer; isomerization of n-butane to iso-butane by stabilizer integrated at the bottom of the deisobutanizer column;

FIG. 3—Typical scheme of isomerization unit with stabilizer section; isomerization of hydrocarbons i.e. n-butane, n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, to isomerate and heavy isomerate by stabilizer integrated with Catalytic distillation column;

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

An isomerization system consists of a deisobutanizer column receives feed comprising n-butane. The deisobutanizer column delivers its bottoms a portion to a reboiler and another portion along with hydrogen is routed to an isomerization reactor and the reactor effluent is returned to the column. A stabilizer which is integrated with the column, an overhead stream of stabilizer used as a reflux and bottoms containing an iso-butane-rich stream that is the iso-butane product stream.

Methods and apparatuses for the isomerization of hydrocarbons and fractionation of the product effluent stream. Stabilizer columns have been traditionally used in isomerization of hydrocarbons. The invention could provide an isomerization process having lower capital costs and lower utilities costs due to the integration of the stabilizer section into the rectification or reaction-rectification column. The reduction of reflux demand of the distillation column due to the heat exchange between stabilizer and distillation sections, the reduction of reboiler duty are the effects of the invention. Exemplary embodiments are provided below.

More specifically as shown in FIG. 1, n-C4 isomerization; stabilizer section integrated into the top of the deisobutanizer. One exemplary embodiment can be a process for isomerizing a feed stream including n-butane. The feed stream comprising of n-butane is sent to the deisobutanizer column. The deisobutanizer column delivers its bottoms a portion to a reboiler and another portion from its bottom or from a tray located above the bottom along after mixing with hydrogen is routed to a isomerization reactor and the reactor effluent is returned to the column . . . . The overhead stream of the deisobutanizer is partially used as reflux and partially sent to the stabilization section, which is integrated into the top of the deisobutanizer column. C1-C3 hydrocarbons are removed in the section and the bottom product contains at least 93% wt of isobutane. compared to traditional schemes, in which the reactor effluent is sent to the stabilizer column first, present scheme has lowered specific overall reflux demand and reboiler duty.

Another embodiment of the invention as shown in FIG. 2, n-C4 isomerization; stabilizer section integrated into the bottom of the deisobutanizer. Another exemplary embodiment can be a process for n-butane isomerizing. The stabilizer section is integrated into the bottom part of the deisobutanizer column. The feed stream comprising of n-butane is sent to the deisobutanizer column. The deisobutanizer column delivers its bottoms a portion to a reboiler and another portion from its bottom or from a tray located above the bottom after mixing with hydrogen is routed to a isomerization reactor. The output stream of the reactor is sent to the stabilizer section, where C1-C3 hydrocarbons are removed. The bottom stream of the stabilizer section is partially reboiled and partially sent to the deisobutanizer column. Commercial iC4 product is taken from the overhead stream of the deisobutanizer. heat integration between stabilizer section and bottom part of deisobutanizer column allows to lower the reboiler duty on the deisobutanizer column.

Another embodiment of the invention as shown in FIG. 3, Isomerization technology with integrated stabilizer section. Another exemplary embodiment is a process for isomerizing a C5-C6 and/or C6-C7 fractions. The process includes providing a hydrocarbon stream to the reaction-rectification column. The top product from the high pressure separator is returned into the column as reflux, another part is sent to the stabilization section integrated into the top of the reaction-rectification column. C1-C3 hydrocarbons are removed in the section, the bottom product which contains mostly branched C5+ hydrocarbons is admixed with isomerate product out of the column. Present invention provides lowered reflux demand due to the heat integration of stabilizer section and distillation part of the column.

A catalytic distillation column receives feed, wherein some part of the feed goes down through the catalytic distillation column to a reboiler and leaves the column as heavy isomerate. Light fraction of the feed goes upward through the catalytic distillation column. A stabilizer which is integrated with the column, an overhead stream used as a reflux after separating the lighter hydrocarbons through low pressure separator and bottoms of stabilizer containing an isomerate rich product stream, a portion is recycled to stabilizer after reboil through reboiler. the column overhead effluent is routed to high pressure separator, which splits the hydrocarbons and effluent hydrogen, where the hydrocarbons are routed to stabilizer in the column, which is integrated with top of the catalytic distillation column and effluent hydrogen recycled to column through compressor and dryer. The column has a side-draw product that is isomerate. The isomerate-rich stream is taken from a point selected from the side draw of an catalytic distillation column and or a bottom section of the stabilizer. The side draw isomerate-rich stream is vapor, liquid, or a combination thereof.

The stabilizer comprises an overhead cooler configured to condense vapors from the column and the stabilizer. A reflux stream from the overhead condenser is fed to a top tray of the stabilizer.

It will be appreciated that the system and process described herein are not limited to any particular temperature ranges, pressure ranges, flow rates, stream compositions, and the like. It is expected that the system and process, now that it is described, can be modified by one of ordinary skill in the art to be applicable to a variety of reactor effluent compositions and other conditions and parameters as necessary.

It will also be appreciated that the systems and processes described herein will have a number of technical and commercial advantages. Technical advantages include, but are not necessarily limited to:

Improvement of fractionation efficiency;

Reduced utility requirements;

Reduced overall energy requirements;

Reduced reflux demand;

Reduced reboiler duty; and

Reduced iso-butane loss from the system.

Commercial advantages include, but are not necessarily limited to:

20-30% less capital requirement as compared to the conventional column solutions;

Improvement in fractionation economics;

Less plot space (equipment footprint) requirement;

Advantages for plant upgrading/debottlenecking;

Overall improvement in the value of products; and

Alternative use of existing assets to improve overall economics of the plant.

In the foregoing specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. However, the specification is to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense. For example, equipment, columns, stabilizer, processes, reactants, n-paraffins, isoparaffins, products, isomerate, and operating conditions falling within the claimed or disclosed parameters, but not specifically identified or tried in a particular example, are expected to be within the scope of this invention.

The present invention may be practiced in the absence of an element not disclosed. In addition, the present invention may suitably comprise, consist or consist essentially of the elements disclosed. An isomerization system consists of a deisobutanizer column or catalytic distillation column receives feed comprising n-butane. The deisobutanizer column delivers its bottoms a portion to a reboiler and another portion along with hydrogen is routed to an isomerization reactor and the reactor effluent is returned to the column. A stabilizer which is integrated with the column, an overhead stream of stabilizer used as a reflux, lighter hydrocarbons i.e. C1-C3 hydrocarbons and bottoms containing an iso-butane-rich stream that is the iso-butane product stream.

The words “comprising” and “comprises” as used throughout the claims, are to be interpreted to mean “including but not limited to” and “includes but not limited to”, respectively.

As used herein, the word “substantially” shall mean “being largely but not wholly that which is specified.”

As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

As used herein, the term “about” in reference to a given parameter is inclusive of the stated value and has the meaning dictated by the context (e.g., it includes the degree of error associated with measurement of the given parameter).

As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Claims

1. An isomerization n-paraffins comprising: a deisobutanizer column receives feed comprising n-paraffins containing feedstock, it delivers a portion to a reboiler;an isomerization reactor receives another portion from deisobutanizer column bottom or from a tray located above the bottom after mixing with hydrogen and the reactor effluent is returned to the column;a stabilizer which is integrated with the column, an overhead stream used as a reflux and bottoms containing an isomerate rich stream that is isomerate product stream;a separator which receives the column overhead stream, which splits the hydrocarbons into at least two streams, wherein the first stream is routed to deisobutanizer column as its reflux, and the rest streams are routed to the stabilizer;where the stabilizer separates the reactor effluent into product streams comprising: an isomerate product stream, anda lighter hydrocarbon product stream.

2. The isomerization n-paraffins of claim 1 where at least a portion of the isomerate product stream is recycled to the stabilizer in a recycle stream.

3. The isomerization n-paraffins of claim 1 where the stabilizer separates the isomerate effluent into branched C4+ hydrocarbons, and lighter hydrocarbon product stream along with hydrogen.

4. The isomerization n-paraffins of claim 1 further comprising an intermediate reboiler in a bottom section of the reboiler, and where the isomerate product stream is a heating medium in the intermediate reboiler.

5. A method for isomerization of n-butane comprises: n-butane-rich fraction is a feed to the deisobutanizer column containing stabilizer;a reactor effluent is a feed to a deisobutanizer column containing stabilizer;the deisobutanizer column delivers its bottoms a portion to a reboiler and another portion after mixing with hydrogen is routed to an isomerization reactor and the reactor effluent is returned to the stabilizer;the stabilizer integrated with column of the deisobutanizer column;the stabilizer has an overhead light hydrocarbons that is C1-C3 hydrocarbons and hydrogen;the column has an overhead product withdrawn from the column and/or stabilizer that is isomerate stream that is the iso-butane product stream.

6. The method of claim 5 where the overhead iso-butane-rich stream is a recycle stream to the deisobutanizer column.

7. The method of claim 5 further comprising an intermediate reboiler in a bottom section of the deisobutanizer.

8. An isomerization method for n-paraffin's comprising: a catalytic distillation column receives feed comprising n-paraffins, which catalytic distillation column delivers its bottoms a portion to a reboiler and another portion is a heavy isomerate; a stabilizer which is integrated with the column, an overhead stream used as a reflux after separating the lighter hydrocarbons through low pressure separator and bottoms of stabilizer containing an isomerate rich product stream, a portion is recycled to stabilizer after reboiling through reboiler;the column overhead effluent is routed to high pressure separator, which splits the hydrocarbons and effluent hydrogen, where the hydrocarbons are routed to stabilizer in the column, which is integrated with top of the deisobutanizer column;the column has a side-draw product that is isomerate;where the stabilizer separates the reactor effluent into product streams comprising: an isomerate product stream, anda light hydrocarbon stream.

9. The isomerization method of claim 8 where the feed is C5-C6, C6-C7, C5-C7 fractions.

10. The isomerization method of claim 8 where the lighter hydrocarbon product stream containing C1-C3 hydrocarbons.

11. The isomerization method of claim 8 where the isomerate product stream is branched C4+ hydrocarbons.

12. The isomerization method of claim 8 further comprising an intermediate reboiler in a bottom section of the reboiler, and where the isomerate product stream is a heating medium in the intermediate reboiler.

13. The isomerization method of claim 8 where the stabilizer at or near the top or near the bottom of the column.

14. The isomerization method of claim 8 where the isomerate-rich stream is taken from a point selected from the side draw of the catalytic distillation column and or a bottom section of the stabilizer.

15. The isomerization method of claim 8 where the side draw that is isomerate-rich stream is selected from the group consisting of vapor, liquid, or a combination thereof.

16. The isomerization method of claim 8 where the isomerate-rich stream is a branched C4+ hydrocarbons.