Integrated System for Monitoring the Allowable Heat Exposure Time for Firefighters

Abstract

The present invention relates to an integrated sensor for monitoring the allowable heat exposure time for firefighters, and to protective equipment containing such a sensor. More specifically, the invention concerns a system for providing a firefighter with improved information as to the firefighter's remaining safe fire exposure time. The system comprises: a sensor for monitoring ambient temperature, moisture transfer, and/or additional data relevant to the firefighter's remaining fire exposure time; a computer processor that is programmed to execute an algorithm for processing the sensed data to determine such remaining fire exposure time; and a warning notification system for communicating such remaining exposure time to the firefighter. In preferred embodiments, the sensor of the present invention monitors thermal conditions at the outer surface of protective equipment and generates information, preferably instantaneously, concerning the maximum allowable residence of an individual in a fire environment. In preferred embodiments, the sensor also records the exposure history and the predicted internal temperature evolution for off-line analysis, such as the analysis desired for the management of skin burns.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the ambient temperature and the body temperature of the firefighter.

FIG. 2 shows the circuit layout for a preferred sensor/processor/notification device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 illustrates the systems of the present invention incorporated into a firefighter fire-protective face mask. The Figure depicts the device as seen from the firefighter's perspective. The Protective Head Covering (1) is shown as a fire-protective flexible fabric folded upon itself; in use the covering would be unfolded to cover or protect the firefighter's hair and scalp. The Protective Head Covering is attached to the visor support (2) (comprising a seal member secured to an annular rim, which encloses and supports the transparent Visor (3)). The fire-protective face mask is held onto the firefighter using Fastening Straps (4), that are attached to the mask and attach to one another at the rear of the firefighter's head. An LED Warning Notification System (5) is shown attached to the internal nosepiece (6) of the mask. The illustrated LED Warning Notification System (5) comprises five LEDs (green LEDs are depicted as solid white circles, yellow LEDs are shown as solid gray circles; red LEDs are shown as solid black circles. The five LEDs are shown illuminated as they would be in a test mode.

FIG. 4 shows a comparison of data and calculations based on a simplified gear model.

FIG. 5 shows temperature evolution inside the gear for a 4 minutes exposure with gear surface temperature of 70° C., using calculations based on the model.

Claims

1. An apparatus for providing a firefighter with improved information as to remaining safe fire exposure time, comprising: (A) a sensor capable of monitoring a condition relevant to the firefighter's remaining fire exposure time;(B) a warning notification system capable of communicating remaining exposure time to the firefighter; and(C) a computer processor in communication with said sensor and said warning notification system, wherein said processor receives and processes output from said sensor to calculate said remaining exposure time, and activates said warning notification system to communicate said calculated remaining exposure time to said firefighter.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said monitored condition relevant to the firefighter's remaining fire exposure time is selected from the group consisting of ambient temperature, said firefighter's skin temperature and moisture transfer.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said sensor monitors said condition instantaneously, continuously, periodically, or after a triggering event.

4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said sensor additionally monitors exposure history and predicted internal temperature evolution.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said computer processor is capable of predicting temperature trajectories based on instantaneous thermal readings of ambient temperature.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said warning notification system comprises a plurality of LED lights.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said apparatus is integrated into the visor of said firefighter.

8. A firefighter fire-protective face mask comprising: (A) a fire-protective face plate providing protected visibility to the wearer, and extending across and cooperating with an annular rim;(B) a seal member secured to the annular rim and adapted for sealing engagement with the firefighter's face to form a breathing chamber; and(C) a warning notification system incorporated into said annular rim seal and capable of communicating remaining exposure time to the firefighter, wherein said communicated remaining exposure time is calculated by a computer processor in communication with a sensor, said sensor being capable of monitoring a condition relevant to the firefighter's remaining fire exposure time; wherein said processor receives and processes output from said sensor, and activates said warning notification system to communicate said calculated remaining exposure time to said firefighter.

9. The fire-protective face mask of claim 8, wherein said monitored condition relevant to the firefighter's remaining fire exposure time is selected from the group consisting of ambient temperature, said firefighter's skin temperature and moisture transfer.

10. The fire-protective face mask of claim 8, wherein said sensor monitors said condition instantaneously, continuously, periodically, or after a triggering event.

11. The fire-protective face mask of claim 9, wherein said sensor additionally monitors exposure history and predicted internal temperature evolution.

12. The fire-protective face mask of claim 8, wherein said computer processor is capable of predicting temperature trajectories based on instantaneous thermal readings of ambient temperature.

13. The fire-protective face mask of claim 8, wherein said warning notification system comprises a plurality of LED lights.