Intelligent automated assistant

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 10043516
  • Patent Number
    10,043,516
  • Date Filed
    Tuesday, December 20, 2016
    7 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, August 7, 2018
    6 years ago
Abstract
Systems and processes for operating an automated assistant are disclosed. In one example process, an electronic device provides an audio output via a speaker of the electronic device. While providing the audio output, the electronic device receives, via a microphone of the electronic device, a natural language speech input. The electronic device derives a representation of user intent based on the natural language speech input and the audio output, identifies a task based on the derived user intent; and performs the identified task.
Description
FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to intelligent systems, and more specifically, to providing voice-based interfaces for intelligent automated assistants.


BACKGROUND

An intelligent automated assistant can help users access content and perform tasks on an electronic device. In most cases, users rely, at least in part, on conventional, graphical user interfaces to interact with such devices. In some instances, however, an intelligent automated assistant may be implemented on an electronic device with limited or no display capabilities. Thus, the intelligent automated assistant may need to rely on auditory-based interfaces to interact with users.


BRIEF SUMMARY

Example methods are disclosed herein. An example method for operating an automated assistant includes: at an electronic device with a speaker and a microphone, providing, via the speaker of the electronic device, an audio output; while providing the audio output via the speaker of the electronic device, receiving, via the microphone of the electronic device, a natural language speech input; deriving a representation of user intent based on the natural language speech input and the audio output; identifying a task based on the derived user intent; and performing the identified task.


An example method for operating an automated assistant includes: at an electronic device with a microphone and a speaker, sampling, via the microphone of the electronic device, an audio input, wherein the audio input comprises a spoken trigger; in response to sampling the audio input, providing, via the speaker of the electronic device, an audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant. While providing the audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant, the electronic device receives a natural language speech input and derives a representation of user intent based on the natural language speech input. The electronic device performs a task based on the user intent.


An example method for operating an automated assistant includes: at an electronic device with a speaker, receiving a first natural language speech input indicative of content; providing, via the speaker, a first audio output, wherein the audio output comprises a plurality of formats for presenting the content; receiving a second natural language speech input indicative of a selection of a format of the plurality of formats; and providing, via the speaker, a second audio output comprising a presentation of the content in the selected format of the plurality of formats.


Example non-transitory computer readable storage media are disclosed herein. An example non-transitory computer readable storage medium stores one or more programs, the one or more programs comprising instructions, which when executed by one or more processors of an electronic device, cause the device to: provide, via a speaker of the electronic device, an audio output; while providing the audio output via the speaker of the electronic device, receive, via a microphone of the electronic device, a natural language speech input; derive a representation of user intent based on the natural language speech input and the audio output; identify a task based on the derived user intent; and perform the identified task.


An example non-transitory computer readable storage medium stores one or more programs, the one or more programs comprising instructions, which when executed by one or more processors of an electronic device, cause the device to: sample, via a microphone of the electronic device, an audio input, wherein the audio input comprises a spoken trigger; in response to sampling the audio input, provide, via a speaker of the electronic device, an audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant. The instructions further cause the device to: while providing the audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant, receive a natural language speech input and derive a representation of user intent based on the natural language speech input. The instructions further cause the device to perform a task based on the user intent.


An example non-transitory computer readable storage medium stores one or more programs, the one or more programs comprising instructions, which when executed by one or more processors of an electronic device, cause the device to: receive a first natural language speech input indicative of content; provide, via a speaker of the electronic device, a first audio output, wherein the audio output comprises a plurality of formats for presenting the content; receive a second natural language speech input indicative of a selection of a format of the plurality of formats; and provide, via the speaker, a second audio output comprising a presentation of the content in the selected format of the plurality of formats.


Example devices are disclosed herein. An example electronic device for operating an automated assistant comprises: one or more processors; a memory; a speaker; a microphone; and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for: providing, via the speaker of the electronic device, an audio output; while providing the audio output via the speaker of the electronic device, receiving, via the microphone of the electronic device, a natural language speech input; deriving a representation of user intent based on the natural language speech input and the audio output; identifying a task based on the derived user intent; and performing the identified task.


An example electronic device for operating an automated assistant comprises: one or more processors; a memory; a microphone; a speaker; and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for: sampling, via the microphone of the electronic device, an audio input, wherein the audio input comprises a spoken trigger; in response to sampling the audio input, providing, via the speaker of the electronic device, an audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant; while providing the audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant: receiving a natural language speech input; and deriving a representation of user intent based on the natural language speech input; and performing a task based on the user intent.


An example electronic device comprises: one or more processors; a memory; a speaker; and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for: receiving a first natural language speech input indicative of content; providing, via the speaker, a first audio output, wherein the audio output comprises a plurality of formats for presenting the content; receiving a second natural language speech input indicative of a selection of a format of the plurality of formats; and providing, via the speaker, a second audio output comprising a presentation of the content in the selected format of the plurality of formats.


An example electronic device for operating an automated assistant comprises: a speaker; a microphone; and means for providing, via the speaker of the electronic device, an audio output; while providing the audio output via the speaker of the electronic device, means for receiving, via the microphone of the electronic device, a natural language speech input; means for deriving a representation of user intent based on the natural language speech input and the audio output; means for identifying a task based on the derived user intent; and means for performing the identified task.


An example electronic device for operating an automated assistant comprises: a microphone; a speaker; and means for sampling, via the microphone of the electronic device, an audio input, wherein the audio input comprises a spoken trigger; means for in response to sampling the audio input, providing, via the speaker of the electronic device, an audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant; while providing the audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant: means for receiving a natural language speech input; and means for deriving a representation of user intent based on the natural language speech input; and means for performing a task based on the user intent.


An example electronic device for operating an automated assistant comprises: a speaker; and means for receiving a first natural language speech input indicative of content; means for providing, via the speaker, a first audio output, wherein the audio output comprises a plurality of formats for presenting the content; means for receiving a second natural language speech input indicative of a selection of a format of the plurality of formats; and means for providing, via the speaker, a second audio output comprising a presentation of the content in the selected format of the plurality of formats.





DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

For a better understanding of the various described embodiments, reference should be made to the Detailed Description below, in conjunction with the following drawings in which like reference numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout the figures.



FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a system and environment for implementing a digital assistant according to various examples.



FIG. 2A is a block diagram illustrating a portable multifunction device implementing the client-side portion of a digital assistant in accordance with some embodiments.



FIG. 2B is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for event handling according to various examples.



FIG. 3 illustrates a portable multifunction device implementing the client-side portion of a digital assistant according to various examples.



FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface according to various examples.



FIG. 5A illustrates an exemplary user interface for a menu of applications on a portable multifunction device according to various examples.



FIG. 5B illustrates an exemplary user interface for a multifunction device with a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display according to various examples.



FIG. 6A illustrates a personal electronic device according to various examples.



FIG. 6B is a block diagram illustrating a personal electronic device according to various examples.



FIG. 7A is a block diagram illustrating a digital assistant system or a server portion thereof according to various examples.



FIG. 7B illustrates the functions of the digital assistant shown in FIG. 7A according to various examples.



FIG. 7C illustrates a portion of an ontology according to various examples.



FIGS. 8A-D illustrate an exemplary process for operating an intelligent automated assistant according to various examples.



FIGS. 9A-G illustrate an exemplary process for operating an intelligent automated assistant according to various examples.



FIGS. 10A-G illustrate an exemplary process for operating an intelligent automated assistant according to various examples.



FIGS. 11A-B illustrate a flowchart of an exemplary process for operating an intelligent automated assistant according to various examples.



FIGS. 12A-B illustrate a flowchart of an exemplary process for operating an intelligent automated assistant according to various examples.



FIGS. 13A-B illustrate a flowchart of an exemplary process for operating an intelligent automated assistant according to various examples.



FIG. 14 illustrates a functional block diagram of an electronic device according to various examples.



FIG. 15 illustrates a functional block diagram of an electronic device according to various examples.



FIG. 16 illustrates a functional block diagram of an electronic device according to various examples.





DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following description of the disclosure and embodiments, reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which it is shown by way of illustration of specific embodiments that can be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments and examples can be practiced and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure.


Techniques for providing voice-based interfaces of intelligent automated assistants are desirable. As described herein, described techniques improve the user's ability to interface with electronic devices, thereby enhancing productivity. Described techniques can reduce computational demand and battery power otherwise consumed as a result of redundant responses by electronic devices to user inputs.


Although the following description uses terms “first,” “second,” etc. to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by the terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first input could be termed a second input, and, similarly, a second input could be termed a first input, without departing from the scope of the various described examples. The first input and the second input can both be inputs and, in some cases, can be separate and different inputs.


The terminology used in the description of the various described examples herein is for the purpose of describing particular examples only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of the various described examples and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term “and/or” as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms “includes,” “including,” “comprises,” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.


The term “if” may be construed to mean “when” or “upon” or “in response to determining” or “in response to detecting,” depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase “if it is determined” or “if [a stated condition or event] is detected” may be construed to mean “upon determining” or “in response to determining” or “upon detecting [the stated condition or event]” or “in response to detecting [the stated condition or event],” depending on the context.


1. System and Environment



FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of system 100 according to various examples. In some examples, system 100 can implement a digital assistant. The terms “digital assistant,” “virtual assistant,” “intelligent automated assistant,” or “automatic digital assistant” can refer to any information processing system that interprets natural language input in spoken and/or textual form to infer user intent, and performs actions based on the inferred user intent. For example, to act on an inferred user intent, the system can perform one or more of the following: identifying a task flow with steps and parameters designed to accomplish the inferred user intent, inputting specific requirements from the inferred user intent into the task flow; executing the task flow by invoking programs, methods, services, APIs, or the like; and generating output responses to the user in an audible (e.g., speech) and/or visual form.


Specifically, a digital assistant can be capable of accepting a user request at least partially in the form of a natural language command, request, statement, narrative, and/or inquiry. Typically, the user request can seek either an informational answer or performance of a task by the digital assistant. A satisfactory response to the user request can be a provision of the requested informational answer, a performance of the requested task, or a combination of the two. For example, a user can ask the digital assistant a question, such as “Where am I right now?” Based on the user's current location, the digital assistant can answer, “You are in Central Park near the west gate.” The user can also request the performance of a task, for example, “Please invite my friends to my girlfriend's birthday party next week.” In response, the digital assistant can acknowledge the request by saying “Yes, right away,” and then send a suitable calendar invite on behalf of the user to each of the user's friends listed in the user's electronic address book. During performance of a requested task, the digital assistant can sometimes interact with the user in a continuous dialogue involving multiple exchanges of information over an extended period of time. There are numerous other ways of interacting with a digital assistant to request information or performance of various tasks. In addition to providing verbal responses and taking programmed actions, the digital assistant can also provide responses in other visual or audio forms, e.g., as text, alerts, music, videos, animations, etc.


As shown in FIG. 1, in some examples, a digital assistant can be implemented according to a client-server model. The digital assistant can include client-side portion 102 (hereafter “DA client 102”) executed on user device 104 and server-side portion 106 (hereafter “DA server 106”) executed on server system 108. DA client 102 can communicate with DA server 106 through one or more networks 110. DA client 102 can provide client-side functionalities such as user-facing input and output processing and communication with DA server 106. DA server 106 can provide server-side functionalities for any number of DA clients 102 each residing on a respective user device 104.


In some examples, DA server 106 can include client-facing I/O interface 112, one or more processing modules 114, data and models 116, and I/O interface to external services 118. The client-facing I/O interface 112 can facilitate the client-facing input and output processing for DA server 106. One or more processing modules 114 can utilize data and models 116 to process speech input and determine the user's intent based on natural language input. Further, one or more processing modules 114 perform task execution based on inferred user intent. In some examples, DA server 106 can communicate with external services 120 through network(s) 110 for task completion or information acquisition. I/O interface to external services 118 can facilitate such communications.


User device 104 can be any suitable electronic device. For example, user devices can be a portable multifunctional device (e.g., device 200, described below with reference to FIG. 2A), a multifunctional device (e.g., device 400, described below with reference to FIG. 4), or a personal electronic device (e.g., device 600, described below with reference to FIG. 6A-B.) A portable multifunctional device can be, for example, a mobile telephone that also contains other functions, such as PDA and/or music player functions. Specific examples of portable multifunction devices can include the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® devices from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. Other examples of portable multifunction devices can include, without limitation, laptop or tablet computers. Further, in some examples, user device 104 can be a non-portable multifunctional device. In particular, user device 104 can be a desktop computer, a game console, a television, or a television set-top box. In some examples, user device 104 can include a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch screen displays and/or touchpads). Further, user device 104 can optionally include one or more other physical user-interface devices, such as a physical keyboard, a mouse, and/or a joystick. Various examples of electronic devices, such as multifunctional devices, are described below in greater detail.


Examples of communication network(s) 110 can include local area networks (LAN) and wide area networks (WAN), e.g., the Internet. Communication network(s) 110 can be implemented using any known network protocol, including various wired or wireless protocols, such as, for example, Ethernet, Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, or any other suitable communication protocol.


Server system 108 can be implemented on one or more standalone data processing apparatus or a distributed network of computers. In some examples, server system 108 can also employ various virtual devices and/or services of third-party service providers (e.g., third-party cloud service providers) to provide the underlying computing resources and/or infrastructure resources of server system 108.


In some examples, user device 104 can communicate with DA server 106 via second user device 122. Second user device 122 can be similar or identical to user device 104. For example, second user device 122 can be similar to devices 200, 400, or 600 described below with reference to FIGS. 2A, 4, and 6A-B. User device 104 can be configured to communicatively couple to second user device 122 via a direct communication connection, such as Bluetooth, NFC, BTLE, or the like, or via a wired or wireless network, such as a local Wi-Fi network. In some examples, second user device 122 can be configured to act as a proxy between user device 104 and DA server 106. For example, DA client 102 of user device 104 can be configured to transmit information (e.g., a user request received at user device 104) to DA server 106 via second user device 122. DA server 106 can process the information and return relevant data (e.g., data content responsive to the user request) to user device 104 via second user device 122.


In some examples, user device 104 can be configured to communicate abbreviated requests for data to second user device 122 to reduce the amount of information transmitted from user device 104. Second user device 122 can be configured to determine supplemental information to add to the abbreviated request to generate a complete request to transmit to DA server 106. This system architecture can advantageously allow user device 104 having limited communication capabilities and/or limited battery power (e.g., a watch or a similar compact electronic device) to access services provided by DA server 106 by using second user device 122, having greater communication capabilities and/or battery power (e.g., a mobile phone, laptop computer, tablet computer, or the like), as a proxy to DA server 106. While only two user devices 104 and 122 are shown in FIG. 1, it will be appreciated that system 100 can include any number and type of user devices configured in this proxy configuration to communicate with DA server system 106.


Although the digital assistant shown in FIG. 1 can include both a client-side portion (e.g., DA client 102) and a server-side portion (e.g., DA server 106), in some examples, the functions of a digital assistant can be implemented as a standalone application installed on a user device. In addition, the divisions of functionalities between the client and server portions of the digital assistant can vary in different implementations. For instance, in some examples, the DA client can be a thin-client that provides only user-facing input and output processing functions, and delegates all other functionalities of the digital assistant to a backend server.


2. Electronic Devices


Attention is now directed toward embodiments of electronic devices for implementing the client-side portion of a digital assistant. FIG. 2A is a block diagram illustrating portable multifunction device 200 with touch-sensitive display system 212 in accordance with some embodiments. Touch-sensitive display 212 is sometimes called a “touch screen” for convenience and is sometimes known as or called a “touch-sensitive display system.” Device 200 includes memory 202 (which optionally includes one or more computer-readable storage mediums), memory controller 222, one or more processing units (CPUs) 220, peripherals interface 218, RF circuitry 208, audio circuitry 210, speaker 211, microphone 213, input/output (I/O) subsystem 206, other input control devices 216, and external port 224. Device 200 optionally includes one or more optical sensors 264. Device 200 optionally includes one or more contact intensity sensors 265 for detecting intensity of contacts on device 200 (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system 212 of device 200). Device 200 optionally includes one or more tactile output generators 267 for generating tactile outputs on device 200 (e.g., generating tactile outputs on a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system 212 of device 200 or touchpad 455 of device 400). These components optionally communicate over one or more communication buses or signal lines 203.


As used in the specification and claims, the term “intensity” of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface refers to the force or pressure (force per unit area) of a contact (e.g., a finger contact) on the touch-sensitive surface, or to a substitute (proxy) for the force or pressure of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface. The intensity of a contact has a range of values that includes at least four distinct values and more typically includes hundreds of distinct values (e.g., at least 256). Intensity of a contact is, optionally, determined (or measured) using various approaches and various sensors or combinations of sensors. For example, one or more force sensors underneath or adjacent to the touch-sensitive surface are, optionally, used to measure force at various points on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, force measurements from multiple force sensors are combined (e.g., a weighted average) to determine an estimated force of a contact. Similarly, a pressure-sensitive tip of a stylus is, optionally, used to determine a pressure of the stylus on the touch-sensitive surface. Alternatively, the size of the contact area detected on the touch-sensitive surface and/or changes thereto, the capacitance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto, and/or the resistance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto are, optionally, used as a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are used directly to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is described in units corresponding to the substitute measurements). In some implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are converted to an estimated force or pressure, and the estimated force or pressure is used to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is a pressure threshold measured in units of pressure). Using the intensity of a contact as an attribute of a user input allows for user access to additional device functionality that may otherwise not be accessible by the user on a reduced-size device with limited real estate for displaying affordances (e.g., on a touch-sensitive display) and/or receiving user input (e.g., via a touch-sensitive display, a touch-sensitive surface, or a physical/mechanical control such as a knob or a button).


As used in the specification and claims, the term “tactile output” refers to physical displacement of a device relative to a previous position of the device, physical displacement of a component (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface) of a device relative to another component (e.g., housing) of the device, or displacement of the component relative to a center of mass of the device that will be detected by a user with the user's sense of touch. For example, in situations where the device or the component of the device is in contact with a surface of a user that is sensitive to touch (e.g., a finger, palm, or other part of a user's hand), the tactile output generated by the physical displacement will be interpreted by the user as a tactile sensation corresponding to a perceived change in physical characteristics of the device or the component of the device. For example, movement of a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch-sensitive display or trackpad) is, optionally, interpreted by the user as a “down click” or “up click” of a physical actuator button. In some cases, a user will feel a tactile sensation such as an “down click” or “up click” even when there is no movement of a physical actuator button associated with the touch-sensitive surface that is physically pressed (e.g., displaced) by the user's movements. As another example, movement of the touch-sensitive surface is, optionally, interpreted or sensed by the user as “roughness” of the touch-sensitive surface, even when there is no change in smoothness of the touch-sensitive surface. While such interpretations of touch by a user will be subject to the individualized sensory perceptions of the user, there are many sensory perceptions of touch that are common to a large majority of users. Thus, when a tactile output is described as corresponding to a particular sensory perception of a user (e.g., an “up click,” a “down click,” “roughness”), unless otherwise stated, the generated tactile output corresponds to physical displacement of the device or a component thereof that will generate the described sensory perception for a typical (or average) user.


It will be appreciated that device 200 is only one example of a portable multifunction device, and that device 200 optionally has more or fewer components than shown, optionally combines two or more components, or optionally has a different configuration or arrangement of the components. The various components shown in FIG. 2A are implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both hardware and software, including one or more signal processing and/or application-specific integrated circuits.


Memory 202 may include one or more computer-readable storage mediums. The computer-readable storage mediums may be tangible and non-transitory. Memory 202 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices. Memory controller 222 may control access to memory 202 by other components of device 200.


In some examples, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of memory 202 can be used to store instructions (e.g., for performing aspects of processes 1100-1300, described below) for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. In other examples, the instructions (e.g., for performing aspects of processes 1100-1300, described below) can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium (not shown) of the server system 108 or can be divided between the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of memory 202 and the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of server system 108. In the context of this document, a “non-transitory computer-readable storage medium” can be any medium that can contain or store the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.


Peripherals interface 218 can be used to couple input and output peripherals of the device to CPU 220 and memory 202. The one or more processors 220 run or execute various software programs and/or sets of instructions stored in memory 202 to perform various functions for device 200 and to process data. In some embodiments, peripherals interface 218, CPU 220, and memory controller 222 may be implemented on a single chip, such as chip 204. In some other embodiments, they may be implemented on separate chips.


RF (radio frequency) circuitry 208 receives and sends RF signals, also called electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry 208 converts electrical signals to/from electromagnetic signals and communicates with communications networks and other communications devices via the electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry 208 optionally includes well-known circuitry for performing these functions, including but not limited to an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC chipset, a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory, and so forth. RF circuitry 208 optionally communicates with networks, such as the Internet, also referred to as the World Wide Web (WWW), an intranet and/or a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, a wireless local area network (LAN) and/or a metropolitan area network (MAN), and other devices by wireless communication. The RF circuitry 208 optionally includes well-known circuitry for detecting near field communication (NFC) fields, such as by a short-range communication radio. The wireless communication optionally uses any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols, and technologies, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA), high-speed uplink packet access (HSUPA), Evolution, Data-Only (EV-DO), HSPA, HSPA+, Dual-Cell HSPA (DC-HSPDA), long term evolution (LTE), near field communication (NFC), wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy (BTLE), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11n, and/or IEEE 802.11ac), voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, a protocol for e mail (e.g., Internet message access protocol (IMAP) and/or post office protocol (POP)), instant messaging (e.g., extensible messaging and presence protocol (XMPP), Session Initiation Protocol for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE), Instant Messaging and Presence Service (IMPS)), and/or Short Message Service (SMS), or any other suitable communication protocol, including communication protocols not yet developed as of the filing date of this document.


Audio circuitry 210, speaker 211, and microphone 213 provide an audio interface between a user and device 200. Audio circuitry 210 receives audio data from peripherals interface 218, converts the audio data to an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to speaker 211. Speaker 211 converts the electrical signal to human-audible sound waves. Audio circuitry 210 also receives electrical signals converted by microphone 213 from sound waves. Audio circuitry 210 converts the electrical signal to audio data and transmits the audio data to peripherals interface 218 for processing. Audio data may be retrieved from and/or transmitted to memory 202 and/or RF circuitry 208 by peripherals interface 218. In some embodiments, audio circuitry 210 also includes a headset jack (e.g., 312, FIG. 3). The headset jack provides an interface between audio circuitry 210 and removable audio input/output peripherals, such as output-only headphones or a headset with both output (e.g., a headphone for one or both ears) and input (e.g., a microphone).


I/O subsystem 206 couples input/output peripherals on device 200, such as touch screen 212 and other input control devices 216, to peripherals interface 218. I/O subsystem 206 optionally includes display controller 256, optical sensor controller 258, intensity sensor controller 259, haptic feedback controller 261, and one or more input controllers 260 for other input or control devices. The one or more input controllers 260 receive/send electrical signals from/to other input control devices 216. The other input control devices 216 optionally include physical buttons (e.g., push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, slider switches, joysticks, click wheels, and so forth. In some alternate embodiments, input controller(s) 260 are, optionally, coupled to any (or none) of the following: a keyboard, an infrared port, a USB port, and a pointer device such as a mouse. The one or more buttons (e.g., 308, FIG. 3) optionally include an up/down button for volume control of speaker 211 and/or microphone 213. The one or more buttons optionally include a push button (e.g., 306, FIG. 3).


A quick press of the push button may disengage a lock of touch screen 212 or begin a process that uses gestures on the touch screen to unlock the device, as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/322,549, “Unlocking a Device by Performing Gestures on an Unlock Image,” filed Dec. 23, 2005, U.S. Pat. No. 7,657,849, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. A longer press of the push button (e.g., 306) may turn power to device 200 on or off. The user may be able to customize a functionality of one or more of the buttons. Touch screen 212 is used to implement virtual or soft buttons and one or more soft keyboards.


Touch-sensitive display 212 provides an input interface and an output interface between the device and a user. Display controller 256 receives and/or sends electrical signals from/to touch screen 212. Touch screen 212 displays visual output to the user. The visual output may include graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof (collectively termed “graphics”). In some embodiments, some or all of the visual output may correspond to user-interface objects.


Touch screen 212 has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor, or set of sensors that accepts input from the user based on haptic and/or tactile contact. Touch screen 212 and display controller 256 (along with any associated modules and/or sets of instructions in memory 202) detect contact (and any movement or breaking of the contact) on touch screen 212 and convert the detected contact into interaction with user-interface objects (e.g., one or more soft keys, icons, web pages, or images) that are displayed on touch screen 212. In an exemplary embodiment, a point of contact between touch screen 212 and the user corresponds to a finger of the user.


Touch screen 212 may use LCD (liquid crystal display) technology, LPD (light emitting polymer display) technology, or LED (light emitting diode) technology, although other display technologies may be used in other embodiments. Touch screen 212 and display controller 256 may detect contact and any movement or breaking thereof using any of a plurality of touch sensing technologies now known or later developed, including but not limited to capacitive, resistive, infrared, and surface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximity sensor arrays or other elements for determining one or more points of contact with touch screen 212. In an exemplary embodiment, projected mutual capacitance sensing technology is used, such as that found in the iPhone® and iPod Touch® from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.


A touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of touch screen 212 may be analogous to the multi-touch sensitive touchpads described in the following U.S. Pat. No. 6,323,846 (Westerman et al.), U.S. Pat. No. 6,570,557 (Westerman et al.), and/or U.S. Pat. No. 6,677,932 (Westerman), and/or U.S. Patent Publication 2002/0015024A1, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. However, touch screen 212 displays visual output from device 200, whereas touch-sensitive touchpads do not provide visual output.


A touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of touch screen 212 may be as described in the following applications: (1) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/381,313, “Multipoint Touch Surface Controller,” filed May 2, 2006; (2) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/840,862, “Multipoint Touchscreen,” filed May 6, 2004; (3) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/903,964, “Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jul. 30, 2004; (4) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/048,264, “Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jan. 31, 2005; (5) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/038,590, “Mode-Based Graphical User Interfaces For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jan. 18, 2005; (6) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/228,758, “Virtual Input Device Placement On A Touch Screen User Interface,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; (7) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/228,700, “Operation Of A Computer With A Touch Screen Interface,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; (8) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/228,737, “Activating Virtual Keys Of A Touch-Screen Virtual Keyboard,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; and (9) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/367,749, “Multi-Functional Hand-Held Device,” filed Mar. 3, 2006. All of these applications are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.


Touch screen 212 may have a video resolution in excess of 100 dpi. In some embodiments, the touch screen has a video resolution of approximately 160 dpi. The user may make contact with touch screen 212 using any suitable object or appendage, such as a stylus, a finger, and so forth. In some embodiments, the user interface is designed to work primarily with finger-based contacts and gestures, which can be less precise than stylus-based input due to the larger area of contact of a finger on the touch screen. In some embodiments, the device translates the rough finger-based input into a precise pointer/cursor position or command for performing the actions desired by the user.


In some embodiments, in addition to the touch screen, device 200 may include a touchpad (not shown) for activating or deactivating particular functions. In some embodiments, the touchpad is a touch-sensitive area of the device that, unlike the touch screen, does not display visual output. The touchpad may be a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from touch screen 212 or an extension of the touch-sensitive surface formed by the touch screen.


Device 200 also includes power system 262 for powering the various components. Power system 262 may include a power management system, one or more power sources (e.g., battery, alternating current (AC)), a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator (e.g., a light-emitting diode (LED)) and any other components associated with the generation, management and distribution of power in portable devices.


Device 200 may also include one or more optical sensors 264. FIG. 2A shows an optical sensor coupled to optical sensor controller 258 in I/O subsystem 206. Optical sensor 264 may include charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistors. Optical sensor 264 receives light from the environment, projected through one or more lenses, and converts the light to data representing an image. In conjunction with imaging module 243 (also called a camera module), optical sensor 264 may capture still images or video. In some embodiments, an optical sensor is located on the back of device 200, opposite touch screen display 212 on the front of the device so that the touch screen display may be used as a viewfinder for still and/or video image acquisition. In some embodiments, an optical sensor is located on the front of the device so that the user's image may be obtained for video conferencing while the user views the other video conference participants on the touch screen display. In some embodiments, the position of optical sensor 264 can be changed by the user (e.g., by rotating the lens and the sensor in the device housing) so that a single optical sensor 264 may be used along with the touch screen display for both video conferencing and still and/or video image acquisition.


Device 200 optionally also includes one or more contact intensity sensors 265. FIG. 2A shows a contact intensity sensor coupled to intensity sensor controller 259 in I/O subsystem 206. Contact intensity sensor 265 optionally includes one or more piezoresistive strain gauges, capacitive force sensors, electric force sensors, piezoelectric force sensors, optical force sensors, capacitive touch-sensitive surfaces, or other intensity sensors (e.g., sensors used to measure the force (or pressure) of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface). Contact intensity sensor 265 receives contact intensity information (e.g., pressure information or a proxy for pressure information) from the environment. In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system 212). In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is located on the back of device 200, opposite touch screen display 212, which is located on the front of device 200.


Device 200 may also include one or more proximity sensors 266. FIG. 2A shows proximity sensor 266 coupled to peripherals interface 218. Alternately, proximity sensor 266 may be coupled to input controller 260 in I/O subsystem 206. Proximity sensor 266 may perform as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/241,839, “Proximity Detector In Handheld Device”; Ser. No. 11/240,788, “Proximity Detector In Handheld Device”; Ser. No. 11/620,702, “Using Ambient Light Sensor To Augment Proximity Sensor Output”; Ser. No. 11/586,862, “Automated Response To And Sensing Of User Activity In Portable Devices”; and Ser. No. 11/638,251, “Methods And Systems For Automatic Configuration Of Peripherals,” which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. In some embodiments, the proximity sensor turns off and disables touch screen 212 when the multifunction device is placed near the user's ear (e.g., when the user is making a phone call).


Device 200 optionally also includes one or more tactile output generators 267. FIG. 2A shows a tactile output generator coupled to haptic feedback controller 261 in I/O subsystem 206. Tactile output generator 267 optionally includes one or more electroacoustic devices such as speakers or other audio components and/or electromechanical devices that convert energy into linear motion such as a motor, solenoid, electroactive polymer, piezoelectric actuator, electrostatic actuator, or other tactile output generating component (e.g., a component that converts electrical signals into tactile outputs on the device). Contact intensity sensor 265 receives tactile feedback generation instructions from haptic feedback module 233 and generates tactile outputs on device 200 that are capable of being sensed by a user of device 200. In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system 212) and, optionally, generates a tactile output by moving the touch-sensitive surface vertically (e.g., in/out of a surface of device 200) or laterally (e.g., back and forth in the same plane as a surface of device 200). In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator sensor is located on the back of device 200, opposite touch screen display 212, which is located on the front of device 200.


Device 200 may also include one or more accelerometers 268. FIG. 2A shows accelerometer 268 coupled to peripherals interface 218. Alternately, accelerometer 268 may be coupled to an input controller 260 in I/O subsystem 206. Accelerometer 268 may perform as described in U.S. Patent Publication No. 20050190059, “Acceleration-based Theft Detection System for Portable Electronic Devices,” and U.S. Patent Publication No. 20060017692, “Methods And Apparatuses For Operating A Portable Device Based On An Accelerometer,” both of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. In some embodiments, information is displayed on the touch screen display in a portrait view or a landscape view based on an analysis of data received from the one or more accelerometers. Device 200 optionally includes, in addition to accelerometer(s) 268, a magnetometer (not shown) and a GPS (or GLONASS or other global navigation system) receiver (not shown) for obtaining information concerning the location and orientation (e.g., portrait or landscape) of device 200.


In some embodiments, the software components stored in memory 202 include operating system 226, communication module (or set of instructions) 228, contact/motion module (or set of instructions) 230, graphics module (or set of instructions) 232, text input module (or set of instructions) 234, Global Positioning System (GPS) module (or set of instructions) 235, Digital Assistant Client Module 229, and applications (or sets of instructions) 236. Further, memory 202 can store data and models, such as user data and models 231. Furthermore, in some embodiments, memory 202 (FIG. 2A) or 470 (FIG. 4) stores device/global internal state 257, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 4. Device/global internal state 257 includes one or more of: active application state, indicating which applications, if any, are currently active; display state, indicating what applications, views or other information occupy various regions of touch screen display 212; sensor state, including information obtained from the device's various sensors and input control devices 216; and location information concerning the device's location and/or attitude.


Operating system 226 (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, iOS, WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includes various software components and/or drivers for controlling and managing general system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.) and facilitates communication between various hardware and software components.


Communication module 228 facilitates communication with other devices over one or more external ports 224 and also includes various software components for handling data received by RF circuitry 208 and/or external port 224. External port 224 (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, etc.) is adapted for coupling directly to other devices or indirectly over a network (e.g., the Internet, wireless LAN, etc.). In some embodiments, the external port is a multi-pin (e.g., 30-pin) connector that is the same as, or similar to and/or compatible with, the 30-pin connector used on iPod® (trademark of Apple Inc.) devices.


Contact/motion module 230 optionally detects contact with touch screen 212 (in conjunction with display controller 256) and other touch-sensitive devices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel). Contact/motion module 230 includes various software components for performing various operations related to detection of contact, such as determining if contact has occurred (e.g., detecting a finger-down event), determining an intensity of the contact (e.g., the force or pressure of the contact or a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact), determining if there is movement of the contact and tracking the movement across the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., detecting one or more finger-dragging events), and determining if the contact has ceased (e.g., detecting a finger-up event or a break in contact). Contact/motion module 230 receives contact data from the touch-sensitive surface. Determining movement of the point of contact, which is represented by a series of contact data, optionally includes determining speed (magnitude), velocity (magnitude and direction), and/or an acceleration (a change in magnitude and/or direction) of the point of contact. These operations are, optionally, applied to single contacts (e.g., one finger contacts) or to multiple simultaneous contacts (e.g., “multitouch”/multiple finger contacts). In some embodiments, contact/motion module 230 and display controller 256 detect contact on a touchpad.


In some embodiments, contact/motion module 230 uses a set of one or more intensity thresholds to determine whether an operation has been performed by a user (e.g., to determine whether a user has “clicked” on an icon). In some embodiments, at least a subset of the intensity thresholds are determined in accordance with software parameters (e.g., the intensity thresholds are not determined by the activation thresholds of particular physical actuators and can be adjusted without changing the physical hardware of device 200). For example, a mouse “click” threshold of a trackpad or touch screen display can be set to any of a large range of predefined threshold values without changing the trackpad or touch screen display hardware. Additionally, in some implementations, a user of the device is provided with software settings for adjusting one or more of the set of intensity thresholds (e.g., by adjusting individual intensity thresholds and/or by adjusting a plurality of intensity thresholds at once with a system-level click “intensity” parameter).


Contact/motion module 230 optionally detects a gesture input by a user. Different gestures on the touch-sensitive surface have different contact patterns (e.g., different motions, timings, and/or intensities of detected contacts). Thus, a gesture is, optionally, detected by detecting a particular contact pattern. For example, detecting a finger tap gesture includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detecting a finger-up (liftoff) event at the same position (or substantially the same position) as the finger-down event (e.g., at the position of an icon). As another example, detecting a finger swipe gesture on the touch-sensitive surface includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detecting one or more finger-dragging events, and subsequently followed by detecting a finger-up (liftoff) event.


Graphics module 232 includes various known software components for rendering and displaying graphics on touch screen 212 or other display, including components for changing the visual impact (e.g., brightness, transparency, saturation, contrast, or other visual property) of graphics that are displayed. As used herein, the term “graphics” includes any object that can be displayed to a user, including, without limitation, text, web pages, icons (such as user-interface objects including soft keys), digital images, videos, animations, and the like.


In some embodiments, graphics module 232 stores data representing graphics to be used. Each graphic is, optionally, assigned a corresponding code. Graphics module 232 receives, from applications etc., one or more codes specifying graphics to be displayed along with, if necessary, coordinate data and other graphic property data, and then generates screen image data to output to display controller 256.


Haptic feedback module 233 includes various software components for generating instructions used by tactile output generator(s) 267 to produce tactile outputs at one or more locations on device 200 in response to user interactions with device 200.


Text input module 234, which may be a component of graphics module 232, provides soft keyboards for entering text in various applications (e.g., contacts 237, e mail 240, IM 241, browser 247, and any other application that needs text input).


GPS module 235 determines the location of the device and provides this information for use in various applications (e.g., to telephone 238 for use in location-based dialing; to camera 243 as picture/video metadata; and to applications that provide location-based services such as weather widgets, local yellow page widgets, and map/navigation widgets).


Digital assistant client module 229 can include various client-side digital assistant instructions to provide the client-side functionalities of the digital assistant. For example, digital assistant client module 229 can be capable of accepting voice input (e.g., speech input), text input, touch input, and/or gestural input through various user interfaces (e.g., microphone 213, accelerometer(s) 268, touch-sensitive display system 212, optical sensor(s) 229, other input control devices 216, etc.) of portable multifunction device 200. Digital assistant client module 229 can also be capable of providing output in audio (e.g., speech output), visual, and/or tactile forms through various output interfaces (e.g., speaker 211, touch-sensitive display system 212, tactile output generator(s) 267, etc.) of portable multifunction device 200. For example, output can be provided as voice, sound, alerts, text messages, menus, graphics, videos, animations, vibrations, and/or combinations of two or more of the above. During operation, digital assistant client module 229 can communicate with DA server 106 using RF circuitry 208.


User data and models 231 can include various data associated with the user (e.g., user-specific vocabulary data, user preference data, user-specified name pronunciations, data from the user's electronic address book, to-do lists, shopping lists, etc.) to provide the client-side functionalities of the digital assistant. Further, user data and models 231 can includes various models (e.g., speech recognition models, statistical language models, natural language processing models, ontology, task flow models, service models, etc.) for processing user input and determining user intent.


In some examples, digital assistant client module 229 can utilize the various sensors, subsystems, and peripheral devices of portable multifunction device 200 to gather additional information from the surrounding environment of the portable multifunction device 200 to establish a context associated with a user, the current user interaction, and/or the current user input. In some examples, digital assistant client module 229 can provide the contextual information or a subset thereof with the user input to DA server 106 to help infer the user's intent. In some examples, the digital assistant can also use the contextual information to determine how to prepare and deliver outputs to the user. Contextual information can be referred to as context data.


In some examples, the contextual information that accompanies the user input can include sensor information, e.g., lighting, ambient noise, ambient temperature, images, or videos of the surrounding environment, etc. In some examples, the contextual information can also include the physical state of the device, e.g., device orientation, device location, device temperature, power level, speed, acceleration, motion patterns, cellular signals strength, etc. In some examples, information related to the software state of DA server 106, e.g., running processes, installed programs, past and present network activities, background services, error logs, resources usage, etc., and of portable multifunction device 200 can be provided to DA server 106 as contextual information associated with a user input.


In some examples, the digital assistant client module 229 can selectively provide information (e.g., user data 231) stored on the portable multifunction device 200 in response to requests from DA server 106. In some examples, digital assistant client module 229 can also elicit additional input from the user via a natural language dialogue or other user interfaces upon request by DA server 106. Digital assistant client module 229 can pass the additional input to DA server 106 to help DA server 106 in intent deduction and/or fulfillment of the user's intent expressed in the user request.


A more detailed description of a digital assistant is described below with reference to FIGS. 7A-C. It should be recognized that digital assistant client module 229 can include any number of the sub-modules of digital assistant module 726 described below.


Applications 236 may include the following modules (or sets of instructions), or a subset or superset thereof:

    • Contacts module 237 (sometimes called an address book or contact list);
    • Telephone module 238;
    • Video conference module 239;
    • Email client module 240;
    • Instant messaging (IM) module 241;
    • Workout support module 242;
    • Camera module 243 for still and/or video images;
    • Image management module 244;
    • Video player module;
    • Music player module;
    • Browser module 247;
    • Calendar module 248;
    • Widget modules 249, which may include one or more of: weather widget 249-1, stocks widget 249-2, calculator widget 249-3, alarm clock widget 249-4, dictionary widget 249-5, and other widgets obtained by the user, as well as user-created widgets 249-6;
    • Widget creator module 250 for making user-created widgets 249-6;
    • Search module 251;
    • Video and music player module 252, which merges video player module and music player module;
    • Notes module 253;
    • Map module 254; and/or
    • Online video module 255.


Examples of other applications 236 that may be stored in memory 202 include other word processing applications, other image editing applications, drawing applications, presentation applications, JAVA-enabled applications, encryption, digital rights management, voice recognition, and voice replication.


In conjunction with touch screen 212, display controller 256, contact/motion module 230, graphics module 232, and text input module 234, contacts module 237 may be used to manage an address book or contact list (e.g., stored in application internal state 292 of contacts module 237 in memory 202 or memory 470), including: adding name(s) to the address book; deleting name(s) from the address book; associating telephone number(s), email address(es), physical address(es) or other information with a name; associating an image with a name; categorizing and sorting names; providing telephone numbers or email addresses to initiate and/or facilitate communications by telephone 238, video conference module 239, email 240, or IM 241; and so forth.


In conjunction with RF circuitry 208, audio circuitry 210, speaker 211, microphone 213, touch screen 212, display controller 256, contact/motion module 230, graphics module 232, and text input module 234, telephone module 238 may be used to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to a telephone number, access one or more telephone numbers in contacts module 237, modify a telephone number that has been entered, dial a respective telephone number, conduct a conversation, and disconnect or hang up when the conversation is completed. As noted above, the wireless communication may use any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols, and technologies.


In conjunction with RF circuitry 208, audio circuitry 210, speaker 211, microphone 213, touch screen 212, display controller 256, optical sensor 264, optical sensor controller 258, contact/motion module 230, graphics module 232, text input module 234, contacts module 237, and telephone module 238, video conference module 239 includes executable instructions to initiate, conduct, and terminate a video conference between a user and one or more other participants in accordance with user instructions.


In conjunction with RF circuitry 208, touch screen 212, display controller 256, contact/motion module 230, graphics module 232, and text input module 234, email client module 240 includes executable instructions to create, send, receive, and manage email in response to user instructions. In conjunction with image management module 244, email client module 240 makes it very easy to create and send emails with still or video images taken with camera module 243.


In conjunction with RF circuitry 208, touch screen 212, display controller 256, contact/motion module 230, graphics module 232, and text input module 234, the instant messaging module 241 includes executable instructions to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to an instant message, to modify previously entered characters, to transmit a respective instant message (for example, using a Short Message Service (SMS) or Multimedia Message Service (MMS) protocol for telephony-based instant messages or using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS for Internet-based instant messages), to receive instant messages, and to view received instant messages. In some embodiments, transmitted and/or received instant messages may include graphics, photos, audio files, video files and/or other attachments as are supported in an MMS and/or an Enhanced Messaging Service (EMS). As used herein, “instant messaging” refers to both telephony-based messages (e.g., messages sent using SMS or MMS) and Internet-based messages (e.g., messages sent using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS).


In conjunction with RF circuitry 208, touch screen 212, display controller 256, contact/motion module 230, graphics module 232, text input module 234, GPS module 235, map module 254, and music player module, workout support module 242 includes executable instructions to create workouts (e.g., with time, distance, and/or calorie burning goals); communicate with workout sensors (sports devices); receive workout sensor data; calibrate sensors used to monitor a workout; select and play music for a workout; and display, store, and transmit workout data.


In conjunction with touch screen 212, display controller 256, optical sensor(s) 264, optical sensor controller 258, contact/motion module 230, graphics module 232, and image management module 244, camera module 243 includes executable instructions to capture still images or video (including a video stream) and store them into memory 202, modify characteristics of a still image or video, or delete a still image or video from memory 202.


In conjunction with touch screen 212, display controller 256, contact/motion module 230, graphics module 232, text input module 234, and camera module 243, image management module 244 includes executable instructions to arrange, modify (e.g., edit), or otherwise manipulate, label, delete, present (e.g., in a digital slide show or album), and store still and/or video images.


In conjunction with RF circuitry 208, touch screen 212, display controller 256, contact/motion module 230, graphics module 232, and text input module 234, browser module 247 includes executable instructions to browse the Internet in accordance with user instructions, including searching, linking to, receiving, and displaying web pages or portions thereof, as well as attachments and other files linked to web pages.


In conjunction with RF circuitry 208, touch screen 212, display controller 256, contact/motion module 230, graphics module 232, text input module 234, email client module 240, and browser module 247, calendar module 248 includes executable instructions to create, display, modify, and store calendars and data associated with calendars (e.g., calendar entries, to-do lists, etc.) in accordance with user instructions.


In conjunction with RF circuitry 208, touch screen 212, display controller 256, contact/motion module 230, graphics module 232, text input module 234, and browser module 247, widget modules 249 are mini-applications that may be downloaded and used by a user (e.g., weather widget 249-1, stocks widget 249-2, calculator widget 249-3, alarm clock widget 249-4, and dictionary widget 249-5) or created by the user (e.g., user-created widget 249-6). In some embodiments, a widget includes an HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) file, a CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) file, and a JavaScript file. In some embodiments, a widget includes an XML (Extensible Markup Language) file and a JavaScript file (e.g., Yahoo! Widgets).


In conjunction with RF circuitry 208, touch screen 212, display controller 256, contact/motion module 230, graphics module 232, text input module 234, and browser module 247, the widget creator module 250 may be used by a user to create widgets (e.g., turning a user-specified portion of a web page into a widget).


In conjunction with touch screen 212, display controller 256, contact/motion module 230, graphics module 232, and text input module 234, search module 251 includes executable instructions to search for text, music, sound, image, video, and/or other files in memory 202 that match one or more search criteria (e.g., one or more user-specified search terms) in accordance with user instructions.


In conjunction with touch screen 212, display controller 256, contact/motion module 230, graphics module 232, audio circuitry 210, speaker 211, RF circuitry 208, and browser module 247, video and music player module 252 includes executable instructions that allow the user to download and play back recorded music and other sound files stored in one or more file formats, such as MP3 or AAC files, and executable instructions to display, present, or otherwise play back videos (e.g., on touch screen 212 or on an external, connected display via external port 224). In some embodiments, device 200 optionally includes the functionality of an MP3 player, such as an iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.).


In conjunction with touch screen 212, display controller 256, contact/motion module 230, graphics module 232, and text input module 234, notes module 253 includes executable instructions to create and manage notes, to-do lists, and the like in accordance with user instructions.


In conjunction with RF circuitry 208, touch screen 212, display controller 256, contact/motion module 230, graphics module 232, text input module 234, GPS module 235, and browser module 247, map module 254 may be used to receive, display, modify, and store maps and data associated with maps (e.g., driving directions, data on stores and other points of interest at or near a particular location, and other location-based data) in accordance with user instructions.


In conjunction with touch screen 212, display controller 256, contact/motion module 230, graphics module 232, audio circuitry 210, speaker 211, RF circuitry 208, text input module 234, email client module 240, and browser module 247, online video module 255 includes instructions that allow the user to access, browse, receive (e.g., by streaming and/or download), play back (e.g., on the touch screen or on an external, connected display via external port 224), send an email with a link to a particular online video, and otherwise manage online videos in one or more file formats, such as H.264. In some embodiments, instant messaging module 241, rather than email client module 240, is used to send a link to a particular online video. Additional description of the online video application can be found in U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/936,562, “Portable Multifunction Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Playing Online Videos,” filed Jun. 20, 2007, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/968,067, “Portable Multifunction Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Playing Online Videos,” filed Dec. 31, 2007, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.


Each of the above-identified modules and applications corresponds to a set of executable instructions for performing one or more functions described above and the methods described in this application (e.g., the computer-implemented methods and other information processing methods described herein). These modules (e.g., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures, or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules may be combined or otherwise rearranged in various embodiments. For example, video player module may be combined with music player module into a single module (e.g., video and music player module 252, FIG. 2A). In some embodiments, memory 202 may store a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory 202 may store additional modules and data structures not described above.


In some embodiments, device 200 is a device where operation of a predefined set of functions on the device is performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad. By using a touch screen and/or a touchpad as the primary input control device for operation of device 200, the number of physical input control devices (such as push buttons, dials, and the like) on device 200 may be reduced.


The predefined set of functions that are performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad optionally include navigation between user interfaces. In some embodiments, the touchpad, when touched by the user, navigates device 200 to a main, home, or root menu from any user interface that is displayed on device 200. In such embodiments, a “menu button” is implemented using a touchpad. In some other embodiments, the menu button is a physical push button or other physical input control device instead of a touchpad.



FIG. 2B is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for event handling in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, memory 202 (FIG. 2A) or 470 (FIG. 4) includes event sorter 270 (e.g., in operating system 226) and a respective application 236-1 (e.g., any of the aforementioned applications 237-251, 255, 480-490).


Event sorter 270 receives event information and determines the application 236-1 and application view 291 of application 236-1 to which to deliver the event information. Event sorter 270 includes event monitor 271 and event dispatcher module 274. In some embodiments, application 236-1 includes application internal state 292, which indicates the current application view(s) displayed on touch-sensitive display 212 when the application is active or executing. In some embodiments, device/global internal state 257 is used by event sorter 270 to determine which application(s) is (are) currently active, and application internal state 292 is used by event sorter 270 to determine application views 291 to which to deliver event information.


In some embodiments, application internal state 292 includes additional information, such as one or more of: resume information to be used when application 236-1 resumes execution, user interface state information that indicates information being displayed or that is ready for display by application 236-1, a state queue for enabling the user to go back to a prior state or view of application 236-1, and a redo/undo queue of previous actions taken by the user.


Event monitor 271 receives event information from peripherals interface 218. Event information includes information about a sub-event (e.g., a user touch on touch-sensitive display 212, as part of a multi-touch gesture). Peripherals interface 218 transmits information it receives from I/O subsystem 206 or a sensor, such as proximity sensor 266, accelerometer(s) 268, and/or microphone 213 (through audio circuitry 210). Information that peripherals interface 218 receives from I/O subsystem 206 includes information from touch-sensitive display 212 or a touch-sensitive surface.


In some embodiments, event monitor 271 sends requests to the peripherals interface 218 at predetermined intervals. In response, peripherals interface 218 transmits event information. In other embodiments, peripherals interface 218 transmits event information only when there is a significant event (e.g., receiving an input above a predetermined noise threshold and/or for more than a predetermined duration).


In some embodiments, event sorter 270 also includes a hit view determination module 272 and/or an active event recognizer determination module 273.


Hit view determination module 272 provides software procedures for determining where a sub-event has taken place within one or more views when touch-sensitive display 212 displays more than one view. Views are made up of controls and other elements that a user can see on the display.


Another aspect of the user interface associated with an application is a set of views, sometimes herein called application views or user interface windows, in which information is displayed and touch-based gestures occur. The application views (of a respective application) in which a touch is detected may correspond to programmatic levels within a programmatic or view hierarchy of the application. For example, the lowest level view in which a touch is detected may be called the hit view, and the set of events that are recognized as proper inputs may be determined based, at least in part, on the hit view of the initial touch that begins a touch-based gesture.


Hit view determination module 272 receives information related to sub events of a touch-based gesture. When an application has multiple views organized in a hierarchy, hit view determination module 272 identifies a hit view as the lowest view in the hierarchy which should handle the sub-event. In most circumstances, the hit view is the lowest level view in which an initiating sub-event occurs (e.g., the first sub-event in the sequence of sub-events that form an event or potential event). Once the hit view is identified by the hit view determination module 272, the hit view typically receives all sub-events related to the same touch or input source for which it was identified as the hit view.


Active event recognizer determination module 273 determines which view or views within a view hierarchy should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In some embodiments, active event recognizer determination module 273 determines that only the hit view should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, active event recognizer determination module 273 determines that all views that include the physical location of a sub-event are actively involved views, and therefore determines that all actively involved views should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, even if touch sub-events were entirely confined to the area associated with one particular view, views higher in the hierarchy would still remain as actively involved views.


Event dispatcher module 274 dispatches the event information to an event recognizer (e.g., event recognizer 280). In embodiments including active event recognizer determination module 273, event dispatcher module 274 delivers the event information to an event recognizer determined by active event recognizer determination module 273. In some embodiments, event dispatcher module 274 stores in an event queue the event information, which is retrieved by a respective event receiver 282.


In some embodiments, operating system 226 includes event sorter 270. Alternatively, application 236-1 includes event sorter 270. In yet other embodiments, event sorter 270 is a stand-alone module, or a part of another module stored in memory 202, such as contact/motion module 230.


In some embodiments, application 236-1 includes a plurality of event handlers 290 and one or more application views 291, each of which includes instructions for handling touch events that occur within a respective view of the application's user interface. Each application view 291 of the application 236-1 includes one or more event recognizers 280. Typically, a respective application view 291 includes a plurality of event recognizers 280. In other embodiments, one or more of event recognizers 280 are part of a separate module, such as a user interface kit (not shown) or a higher level object from which application 236-1 inherits methods and other properties. In some embodiments, a respective event handler 290 includes one or more of: data updater 276, object updater 277, GUI updater 278, and/or event data 279 received from event sorter 270. Event handler 290 may utilize or call data updater 276, object updater 277, or GUI updater 278 to update the application internal state 292. Alternatively, one or more of the application views 291 include one or more respective event handlers 290. Also, in some embodiments, one or more of data updater 276, object updater 277, and GUI updater 278 are included in a respective application view 291.


A respective event recognizer 280 receives event information (e.g., event data 279) from event sorter 270 and identifies an event from the event information. Event recognizer 280 includes event receiver 282 and event comparator 284. In some embodiments, event recognizer 280 also includes at least a subset of: metadata 283, and event delivery instructions 288 (which may include sub-event delivery instructions).


Event receiver 282 receives event information from event sorter 270. The event information includes information about a sub-event, for example, a touch or a touch movement. Depending on the sub-event, the event information also includes additional information, such as location of the sub-event. When the sub-event concerns motion of a touch, the event information may also include speed and direction of the sub-event. In some embodiments, events include rotation of the device from one orientation to another (e.g., from a portrait orientation to a landscape orientation, or vice versa), and the event information includes corresponding information about the current orientation (also called device attitude) of the device.


Event comparator 284 compares the event information to predefined event or sub-event definitions and, based on the comparison, determines an event or sub event, or determines or updates the state of an event or sub-event. In some embodiments, event comparator 284 includes event definitions 286. Event definitions 286 contain definitions of events (e.g., predefined sequences of sub-events), for example, event 1 (287-1), event 2 (287-2), and others. In some embodiments, sub-events in an event (287) include, for example, touch begin, touch end, touch movement, touch cancellation, and multiple touching. In one example, the definition for event 1 (287-1) is a double tap on a displayed object. The double tap, for example, comprises a first touch (touch begin) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, a first liftoff (touch end) for a predetermined phase, a second touch (touch begin) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, and a second liftoff (touch end) for a predetermined phase. In another example, the definition for event 2 (287-2) is a dragging on a displayed object. The dragging, for example, comprises a touch (or contact) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, a movement of the touch across touch-sensitive display 212, and liftoff of the touch (touch end). In some embodiments, the event also includes information for one or more associated event handlers 290.


In some embodiments, event definition 287 includes a definition of an event for a respective user-interface object. In some embodiments, event comparator 284 performs a hit test to determine which user-interface object is associated with a sub-event. For example, in an application view in which three user-interface objects are displayed on touch-sensitive display 212, when a touch is detected on touch-sensitive display 212, event comparator 284 performs a hit test to determine which of the three user-interface objects is associated with the touch (sub-event). If each displayed object is associated with a respective event handler 290, the event comparator uses the result of the hit test to determine which event handler 290 should be activated. For example, event comparator 284 selects an event handler associated with the sub-event and the object triggering the hit test.


In some embodiments, the definition for a respective event (287) also includes delayed actions that delay delivery of the event information until after it has been determined whether the sequence of sub-events does or does not correspond to the event recognizer's event type.


When a respective event recognizer 280 determines that the series of sub-events do not match any of the events in event definitions 286, the respective event recognizer 280 enters an event impossible, event failed, or event ended state, after which it disregards subsequent sub-events of the touch-based gesture. In this situation, other event recognizers, if any, that remain active for the hit view continue to track and process sub-events of an ongoing touch-based gesture.


In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer 280 includes metadata 283 with configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how the event delivery system should perform sub-event delivery to actively involved event recognizers. In some embodiments, metadata 283 includes configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how event recognizers may interact, or are enabled to interact, with one another. In some embodiments, metadata 283 includes configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate whether sub-events are delivered to varying levels in the view or programmatic hierarchy.


In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer 280 activates event handler 290 associated with an event when one or more particular sub-events of an event are recognized. In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer 280 delivers event information associated with the event to event handler 290. Activating an event handler 290 is distinct from sending (and deferred sending) sub-events to a respective hit view. In some embodiments, event recognizer 280 throws a flag associated with the recognized event, and event handler 290 associated with the flag catches the flag and performs a predefined process.


In some embodiments, event delivery instructions 288 include sub-event delivery instructions that deliver event information about a sub-event without activating an event handler. Instead, the sub-event delivery instructions deliver event information to event handlers associated with the series of sub-events or to actively involved views. Event handlers associated with the series of sub-events or with actively involved views receive the event information and perform a predetermined process.


In some embodiments, data updater 276 creates and updates data used in application 236-1. For example, data updater 276 updates the telephone number used in contacts module 237, or stores a video file used in video player module. In some embodiments, object updater 277 creates and updates objects used in application 236-1. For example, object updater 277 creates a new user-interface object or updates the position of a user-interface object. GUI updater 278 updates the GUI. For example, GUI updater 278 prepares display information and sends it to graphics module 232 for display on a touch-sensitive display.


In some embodiments, event handler(s) 290 includes or has access to data updater 276, object updater 277, and GUI updater 278. In some embodiments, data updater 276, object updater 277, and GUI updater 278 are included in a single module of a respective application 236-1 or application view 291. In other embodiments, they are included in two or more software modules.


It shall be understood that the foregoing discussion regarding event handling of user touches on touch-sensitive displays also applies to other forms of user inputs to operate multifunction devices 200 with input devices, not all of which are initiated on touch screens. For example, mouse movement and mouse button presses, optionally coordinated with single or multiple keyboard presses or holds; contact movements such as taps, drags, scrolls, etc. on touchpads; pen stylus inputs; movement of the device; oral instructions; detected eye movements; biometric inputs; and/or any combination thereof are optionally utilized as inputs corresponding to sub-events which define an event to be recognized.



FIG. 3 illustrates a portable multifunction device 200 having a touch screen 212 in accordance with some embodiments. The touch screen optionally displays one or more graphics within user interface (UI) 300. In this embodiment, as well as others described below, a user is enabled to select one or more of the graphics by making a gesture on the graphics, for example, with one or more fingers 302 (not drawn to scale in the figure) or one or more styluses 303 (not drawn to scale in the figure). In some embodiments, selection of one or more graphics occurs when the user breaks contact with the one or more graphics. In some embodiments, the gesture optionally includes one or more taps, one or more swipes (from left to right, right to left, upward and/or downward), and/or a rolling of a finger (from right to left, left to right, upward and/or downward) that has made contact with device 200. In some implementations or circumstances, inadvertent contact with a graphic does not select the graphic. For example, a swipe gesture that sweeps over an application icon optionally does not select the corresponding application when the gesture corresponding to selection is a tap.


Device 200 may also include one or more physical buttons, such as “home” or menu button 304. As described previously, menu button 304 may be used to navigate to any application 236 in a set of applications that may be executed on device 200. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the menu button is implemented as a soft key in a GUI displayed on touch screen 212.


In one embodiment, device 200 includes touch screen 212, menu button 304, push button 306 for powering the device on/off and locking the device, volume adjustment button(s) 308, subscriber identity module (SIM) card slot 310, headset jack 312, and docking/charging external port 224. Push button 306 is, optionally, used to turn the power on/off on the device by depressing the button and holding the button in the depressed state for a predefined time interval; to lock the device by depressing the button and releasing the button before the predefined time interval has elapsed; and/or to unlock the device or initiate an unlock process. In an alternative embodiment, device 200 also accepts verbal input for activation or deactivation of some functions through microphone 213. Device 200 also, optionally, includes one or more contact intensity sensors 265 for detecting intensity of contacts on touch screen 212 and/or one or more tactile output generators 267 for generating tactile outputs for a user of device 200.



FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with some embodiments. Device 400 need not be portable. In some embodiments, device 400 is a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a multimedia player device, a navigation device, an educational device (such as a child's learning toy), a gaming system, or a control device (e.g., a home or industrial controller). Device 400 typically includes one or more processing units (CPUs) 410, one or more network or other communications interfaces 460, memory 470, and one or more communication buses 420 for interconnecting these components. Communication buses 420 optionally include circuitry (sometimes called a chipset) that interconnects and controls communications between system components. Device 400 includes input/output (I/O) interface 430 comprising display 440, which is typically a touch screen display. I/O interface 430 also optionally includes a keyboard and/or mouse (or other pointing device) 450 and touchpad 455, tactile output generator 457 for generating tactile outputs on device 400 (e.g., similar to tactile output generator(s) 267 described above with reference to FIG. 2A), sensors 459 (e.g., optical, acceleration, proximity, touch-sensitive, and/or contact intensity sensors similar to contact intensity sensor(s) 265 described above with reference to FIG. 2A). Memory 470 includes high-speed random access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other random access solid state memory devices; and optionally includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storage devices. Memory 470 optionally includes one or more storage devices remotely located from CPU(s) 410. In some embodiments, memory 470 stores programs, modules, and data structures analogous to the programs, modules, and data structures stored in memory 202 of portable multifunction device 200 (FIG. 2A), or a subset thereof. Furthermore, memory 470 optionally stores additional programs, modules, and data structures not present in memory 202 of portable multifunction device 200. For example, memory 470 of device 400 optionally stores drawing module 480, presentation module 482, word processing module 484, website creation module 486, disk authoring module 488, and/or spreadsheet module 490, while memory 202 of portable multifunction device 200 (FIG. 2A) optionally does not store these modules.


Each of the above-identified elements in FIG. 4 may be stored in one or more of the previously mentioned memory devices. Each of the above-identified modules corresponds to a set of instructions for performing a function described above. The above-identified modules or programs (e.g., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures, or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules may be combined or otherwise rearranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments, memory 470 may store a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory 470 may store additional modules and data structures not described above.


Attention is now directed towards embodiments of user interfaces that may be implemented on, for example, portable multifunction device 200.



FIG. 5A illustrates an exemplary user interface for a menu of applications on portable multifunction device 200 in accordance with some embodiments. Similar user interfaces may be implemented on device 400. In some embodiments, user interface 500 includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:

    • Signal strength indicator(s) 502 for wireless communication(s), such as cellular and Wi-Fi signals;
    • Time 504;
    • Bluetooth indicator 505;
    • Battery status indicator 506;
    • Tray 508 with icons for frequently used applications, such as:
      • Icon 516 for telephone module 238, labeled “Phone,” which optionally includes an indicator 514 of the number of missed calls or voicemail messages;
      • Icon 518 for email client module 240, labeled “Mail,” which optionally includes an indicator 510 of the number of unread emails;
      • Icon 520 for browser module 247, labeled “Browser;” and
      • Icon 522 for video and music player module 252, also referred to as iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.) module 252, labeled “iPod;” and
    • Icons for other applications, such as:
      • Icon 524 for IM module 241, labeled “Messages;”
      • Icon 526 for calendar module 248, labeled “Calendar;”
      • Icon 528 for image management module 244, labeled “Photos;”
      • Icon 530 for camera module 243, labeled “Camera;”
      • Icon 532 for online video module 255, labeled “Online Video;”
      • Icon 534 for stocks widget 249-2, labeled “Stocks;”
      • Icon 536 for map module 254, labeled “Maps;”
      • Icon 538 for weather widget 249-1, labeled “Weather;”
      • Icon 540 for alarm clock widget 249-4, labeled “Clock;”
      • Icon 542 for workout support module 242, labeled “Workout Support;”
      • Icon 544 for notes module 253, labeled “Notes;” and
      • Icon 546 for a settings application or module, labeled “Settings,” which provides access to settings for device 200 and its various applications 236.


It should be noted that the icon labels illustrated in FIG. 5A are merely exemplary. For example, icon 522 for video and music player module 252 may optionally be labeled “Music” or “Music Player.” Other labels are, optionally, used for various application icons. In some embodiments, a label for a respective application icon includes a name of an application corresponding to the respective application icon. In some embodiments, a label for a particular application icon is distinct from a name of an application corresponding to the particular application icon.



FIG. 5B illustrates an exemplary user interface on a device (e.g., device 400, FIG. 4) with a touch-sensitive surface 551 (e.g., a tablet or touchpad 455, FIG. 4) that is separate from the display 550 (e.g., touch screen display 212). Device 400 also, optionally, includes one or more contact intensity sensors (e.g., one or more of sensors 457) for detecting intensity of contacts on touch-sensitive surface 551 and/or one or more tactile output generators 459 for generating tactile outputs for a user of device 400.


Although some of the examples which follow will be given with reference to inputs on touch screen display 212 (where the touch-sensitive surface and the display are combined), in some embodiments, the device detects inputs on a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display, as shown in FIG. 5B. In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., 551 in FIG. 5B) has a primary axis (e.g., 552 in FIG. 5B) that corresponds to a primary axis (e.g., 553 in FIG. 5B) on the display (e.g., 550). In accordance with these embodiments, the device detects contacts (e.g., 560 and 562 in FIG. 5B) with the touch-sensitive surface 551 at locations that correspond to respective locations on the display (e.g., in FIG. 5B, 560 corresponds to 568 and 562 corresponds to 570). In this way, user inputs (e.g., contacts 560 and 562, and movements thereof) detected by the device on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., 551 in FIG. 5B) are used by the device to manipulate the user interface on the display (e.g., 550 in FIG. 5B) of the multifunction device when the touch-sensitive surface is separate from the display. It should be understood that similar methods are, optionally, used for other user interfaces described herein.


Additionally, while the following examples are given primarily with reference to finger inputs (e.g., finger contacts, finger tap gestures, finger swipe gestures), it should be understood that, in some embodiments, one or more of the finger inputs are replaced with input from another input device (e.g., a mouse-based input or stylus input). For example, a swipe gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click (e.g., instead of a contact) followed by movement of the cursor along the path of the swipe (e.g., instead of movement of the contact). As another example, a tap gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click while the cursor is located over the location of the tap gesture (e.g., instead of detection of the contact followed by ceasing to detect the contact). Similarly, when multiple user inputs are simultaneously detected, it should be understood that multiple computer mice are, optionally, used simultaneously, or a mouse and finger contacts are, optionally, used simultaneously.



FIG. 6A illustrates exemplary personal electronic device 600. Device 600 includes body 602. In some embodiments, device 600 can include some or all of the features described with respect to devices 200 and 400 (e.g., FIGS. 2A-4B). In some embodiments, device 600 has touch-sensitive display screen 604, hereafter touch screen 604. Alternatively, or in addition to touch screen 604, device 600 has a display and a touch-sensitive surface. As with devices 200 and 400, in some embodiments, touch screen 604 (or the touch-sensitive surface) may have one or more intensity sensors for detecting intensity of contacts (e.g., touches) being applied. The one or more intensity sensors of touch screen 604 (or the touch-sensitive surface) can provide output data that represents the intensity of touches. The user interface of device 600 can respond to touches based on their intensity, meaning that touches of different intensities can invoke different user interface operations on device 600.


Techniques for detecting and processing touch intensity may be found, for example, in related applications: International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/040061, titled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Displaying User Interface Objects Corresponding to an Application,” filed May 8, 2013, and International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/069483, titled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Transitioning Between Touch Input to Display Output Relationships,” filed Nov. 11, 2013, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.


In some embodiments, device 600 has one or more input mechanisms 606 and 608. Input mechanisms 606 and 608, if included, can be physical. Examples of physical input mechanisms include push buttons and rotatable mechanisms. In some embodiments, device 600 has one or more attachment mechanisms. Such attachment mechanisms, if included, can permit attachment of device 600 with, for example, hats, eyewear, earrings, necklaces, shirts, jackets, bracelets, watch straps, chains, trousers, belts, shoes, purses, backpacks, and so forth. These attachment mechanisms may permit device 600 to be worn by a user.



FIG. 6B depicts exemplary personal electronic device 600. In some embodiments, device 600 can include some or all of the components described with respect to FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 4. Device 600 has bus 612 that operatively couples I/O section 614 with one or more computer processors 616 and memory 618. I/O section 614 can be connected to display 604, which can have touch-sensitive component 622 and, optionally, touch-intensity sensitive component 624. In addition, I/O section 614 can be connected with communication unit 630 for receiving application and operating system data, using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, near field communication (NFC), cellular, and/or other wireless communication techniques. Device 600 can include input mechanisms 606 and/or 608. Input mechanism 606 may be a rotatable input device or a depressible and rotatable input device, for example. Input mechanism 608 may be a button, in some examples.


Input mechanism 608 may be a microphone, in some examples. Personal electronic device 600 can include various sensors, such as GPS sensor 632, accelerometer 634, directional sensor 640 (e.g., compass), gyroscope 636, motion sensor 638, and/or a combination thereof, all of which can be operatively connected to I/O section 614.


Memory 618 of personal electronic device 600 can include one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage mediums, for storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by one or more computer processors 616, for example, can cause the computer processors to perform the techniques described below, including processes 1100-1300 (FIGS. 11A-B, 12A-B, 13A-B). Personal electronic device 600 is not limited to the components and configuration of FIG. 6B, but can include other or additional components in multiple configurations.


As used here, the term “affordance” refers to a user-interactive graphical user interface object that may be displayed on the display screen of devices 200, 400, and/or 600 (FIGS. 2, 4, and 6). For example, an image (e.g., icon), a button, and text (e.g., link) may each constitute an affordance.


As used herein, the term “focus selector” refers to an input element that indicates a current part of a user interface with which a user is interacting. In some implementations that include a cursor or other location marker, the cursor acts as a “focus selector” so that when an input (e.g., a press input) is detected on a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touchpad 455 in FIG. 4 or touch-sensitive surface 551 in FIG. 5B) while the cursor is over a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider or other user interface element), the particular user interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementations that include a touch screen display (e.g., touch-sensitive display system 212 in FIG. 2A or touch screen 212 in FIG. 5A) that enables direct interaction with user interface elements on the touch screen display, a detected contact on the touch screen acts as a “focus selector” so that when an input (e.g., a press input by the contact) is detected on the touch screen display at a location of a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider, or other user interface element), the particular user interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementations, focus is moved from one region of a user interface to another region of the user interface without corresponding movement of a cursor or movement of a contact on a touch screen display (e.g., by using a tab key or arrow keys to move focus from one button to another button); in these implementations, the focus selector moves in accordance with movement of focus between different regions of the user interface. Without regard to the specific form taken by the focus selector, the focus selector is generally the user interface element (or contact on a touch screen display) that is controlled by the user so as to communicate the user's intended interaction with the user interface (e.g., by indicating, to the device, the element of the user interface with which the user is intending to interact). For example, the location of a focus selector (e.g., a cursor, a contact, or a selection box) over a respective button while a press input is detected on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touchpad or touch screen) will indicate that the user is intending to activate the respective button (as opposed to other user interface elements shown on a display of the device).


As used in the specification and claims, the term “characteristic intensity” of a contact refers to a characteristic of the contact based on one or more intensities of the contact. In some embodiments, the characteristic intensity is based on multiple intensity samples. The characteristic intensity is, optionally, based on a predefined number of intensity samples, or a set of intensity samples collected during a predetermined time period (e.g., 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10 seconds) relative to a predefined event (e.g., after detecting the contact, prior to detecting liftoff of the contact, before or after detecting a start of movement of the contact, prior to detecting an end of the contact, before or after detecting an increase in intensity of the contact, and/or before or after detecting a decrease in intensity of the contact). A characteristic intensity of a contact is, optionally based on one or more of: a maximum value of the intensities of the contact, a mean value of the intensities of the contact, an average value of the intensities of the contact, a top 10 percentile value of the intensities of the contact, a value at the half maximum of the intensities of the contact, a value at the 90 percent maximum of the intensities of the contact, or the like. In some embodiments, the duration of the contact is used in determining the characteristic intensity (e.g., when the characteristic intensity is an average of the intensity of the contact over time). In some embodiments, the characteristic intensity is compared to a set of one or more intensity thresholds to determine whether an operation has been performed by a user. For example, the set of one or more intensity thresholds may include a first intensity threshold and a second intensity threshold. In this example, a contact with a characteristic intensity that does not exceed the first threshold results in a first operation, a contact with a characteristic intensity that exceeds the first intensity threshold and does not exceed the second intensity threshold results in a second operation, and a contact with a characteristic intensity that exceeds the second threshold results in a third operation. In some embodiments, a comparison between the characteristic intensity and one or more thresholds is used to determine whether or not to perform one or more operations (e.g., whether to perform a respective operation or forgo performing the respective operation) rather than being used to determine whether to perform a first operation or a second operation.


In some embodiments, a portion of a gesture is identified for purposes of determining a characteristic intensity. For example, a touch-sensitive surface may receive a continuous swipe contact transitioning from a start location and reaching an end location, at which point the intensity of the contact increases. In this example, the characteristic intensity of the contact at the end location may be based on only a portion of the continuous swipe contact, and not the entire swipe contact (e.g., only the portion of the swipe contact at the end location). In some embodiments, a smoothing algorithm may be applied to the intensities of the swipe contact prior to determining the characteristic intensity of the contact. For example, the smoothing algorithm optionally includes one or more of: an unweighted sliding-average smoothing algorithm, a triangular smoothing algorithm, a median filter smoothing algorithm, and/or an exponential smoothing algorithm. In some circumstances, these smoothing algorithms eliminate narrow spikes or dips in the intensities of the swipe contact for purposes of determining a characteristic intensity.


The intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface may be characterized relative to one or more intensity thresholds, such as a contact-detection intensity threshold, a light press intensity threshold, a deep press intensity threshold, and/or one or more other intensity thresholds. In some embodiments, the light press intensity threshold corresponds to an intensity at which the device will perform operations typically associated with clicking a button of a physical mouse or a trackpad. In some embodiments, the deep press intensity threshold corresponds to an intensity at which the device will perform operations that are different from operations typically associated with clicking a button of a physical mouse or a trackpad. In some embodiments, when a contact is detected with a characteristic intensity below the light press intensity threshold (e.g., and above a nominal contact-detection intensity threshold below which the contact is no longer detected), the device will move a focus selector in accordance with movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface without performing an operation associated with the light press intensity threshold or the deep press intensity threshold. Generally, unless otherwise stated, these intensity thresholds are consistent between different sets of user interface figures.


An increase of characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity below the light press intensity threshold to an intensity between the light press intensity threshold and the deep press intensity threshold is sometimes referred to as a “light press” input. An increase of characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity below the deep press intensity threshold to an intensity above the deep press intensity threshold is sometimes referred to as a “deep press” input. An increase of characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity below the contact-detection intensity threshold to an intensity between the contact-detection intensity threshold and the light press intensity threshold is sometimes referred to as detecting the contact on the touch-surface. A decrease of characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity above the contact-detection intensity threshold to an intensity below the contact-detection intensity threshold is sometimes referred to as detecting liftoff of the contact from the touch-surface. In some embodiments, the contact-detection intensity threshold is zero. In some embodiments, the contact-detection intensity threshold is greater than zero.


In some embodiments described herein, one or more operations are performed in response to detecting a gesture that includes a respective press input or in response to detecting the respective press input performed with a respective contact (or a plurality of contacts), where the respective press input is detected based at least in part on detecting an increase in intensity of the contact (or plurality of contacts) above a press-input intensity threshold. In some embodiments, the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold (e.g., a “down stroke” of the respective press input). In some embodiments, the press input includes an increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold and a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact below the press-input intensity threshold, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the subsequent decrease in intensity of the respective contact below the press-input threshold (e.g., an “up stroke” of the respective press input).


In some embodiments, the device employs intensity hysteresis to avoid accidental inputs sometimes termed “jitter,” where the device defines or selects a hysteresis intensity threshold with a predefined relationship to the press-input intensity threshold (e.g., the hysteresis intensity threshold is X intensity units lower than the press-input intensity threshold or the hysteresis intensity threshold is 75%, 90%, or some reasonable proportion of the press-input intensity threshold). Thus, in some embodiments, the press input includes an increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold and a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold that corresponds to the press-input intensity threshold, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the subsequent decrease in intensity of the respective contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold (e.g., an “up stroke” of the respective press input). Similarly, in some embodiments, the press input is detected only when the device detects an increase in intensity of the contact from an intensity at or below the hysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity at or above the press-input intensity threshold and, optionally, a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact to an intensity at or below the hysteresis intensity, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the press input (e.g., the increase in intensity of the contact or the decrease in intensity of the contact, depending on the circumstances).


For ease of explanation, the descriptions of operations performed in response to a press input associated with a press-input intensity threshold or in response to a gesture including the press input are, optionally, triggered in response to detecting either: an increase in intensity of a contact above the press-input intensity threshold, an increase in intensity of a contact from an intensity below the hysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity above the press-input intensity threshold, a decrease in intensity of the contact below the press-input intensity threshold, and/or a decrease in intensity of the contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to the press-input intensity threshold. Additionally, in examples where an operation is described as being performed in response to detecting a decrease in intensity of a contact below the press-input intensity threshold, the operation is, optionally, performed in response to detecting a decrease in intensity of the contact below a hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to, and lower than, the press-input intensity threshold.


3. Digital Assistant System



FIG. 7A illustrates a block diagram of digital assistant system 700 in accordance with various examples. In some examples, digital assistant system 700 can be implemented on a standalone computer system. In some examples, digital assistant system 700 can be distributed across multiple computers. In some examples, some of the modules and functions of the digital assistant can be divided into a server portion and a client portion, where the client portion resides on one or more user devices (e.g., devices 104, 122, 200, 400, or 600) and communicates with the server portion (e.g., server system 108) through one or more networks, e.g., as shown in FIG. 1. In some examples, digital assistant system 700 can be an implementation of server system 108 (and/or DA server 106) shown in FIG. 1. It should be noted that digital assistant system 700 is only one example of a digital assistant system, and that digital assistant system 700 can have more or fewer components than shown, may combine two or more components, or may have a different configuration or arrangement of the components. The various components shown in FIG. 7A can be implemented in hardware, software instructions for execution by one or more processors, firmware, including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits, or a combination thereof.


Digital assistant system 700 can include memory 702, one or more processors 704, input/output (I/O) interface 706, and network communications interface 708. These components can communicate with one another over one or more communication buses or signal lines 710.


In some examples, memory 702 can include a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as high-speed random access memory and/or a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium (e.g., one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices).


In some examples, I/O interface 706 can couple input/output devices 716 of digital assistant system 700, such as displays, keyboards, touch screens, and microphones, to user interface module 722. I/O interface 706, in conjunction with user interface module 722, can receive user inputs (e.g., voice input, keyboard inputs, touch inputs, etc.) and processes them accordingly. In some examples, e.g., when the digital assistant is implemented on a standalone user device, digital assistant system 700 can include any of the components and I/O communication interfaces described with respect to devices 200, 400, or 600 in FIGS. 2A, 4, 6A-B, respectively. In some examples, digital assistant system 700 can represent the server portion of a digital assistant implementation, and can interact with the user through a client-side portion residing on a user device (e.g., devices 104, 200, 400, or 600).


In some examples, the network communications interface 708 can include wired communication port(s) 712 and/or wireless transmission and reception circuitry 714. The wired communication port(s) can receive and send communication signals via one or more wired interfaces, e.g., Ethernet, Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, etc. The wireless circuitry 714 can receive and send RF signals and/or optical signals from/to communications networks and other communications devices. The wireless communications can use any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols, and technologies, such as GSM, EDGE, CDMA, TDMA, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, VoIP, Wi-MAX, or any other suitable communication protocol. Network communications interface 708 can enable communication between digital assistant system 700 with networks, such as the Internet, an intranet, and/or a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, a wireless local area network (LAN), and/or a metropolitan area network (MAN), and other devices.


In some examples, memory 702, or the computer-readable storage media of memory 702, can store programs, modules, instructions, and data structures including all or a subset of: operating system 718, communications module 720, user interface module 722, one or more applications 724, and digital assistant module 726. In particular, memory 702, or the computer-readable storage media of memory 702, can store instructions for performing processes 1100-1300, described below. One or more processors 704 can execute these programs, modules, and instructions, and reads/writes from/to the data structures.


Operating system 718 (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, iOS, OS X, WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) can include various software components and/or drivers for controlling and managing general system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.) and facilitates communications between various hardware, firmware, and software components.


Communications module 720 can facilitate communications between digital assistant system 700 with other devices over network communications interface 708. For example, communications module 720 can communicate with RF circuitry 208 of electronic devices such as devices 200, 400, and 600 shown in FIG. 2A, 4, 6A-B, respectively. Communications module 720 can also include various components for handling data received by wireless circuitry 714 and/or wired communications port 712.


User interface module 722 can receive commands and/or inputs from a user via I/O interface 706 (e.g., from a keyboard, touch screen, pointing device, controller, and/or microphone), and generate user interface objects on a display. User interface module 722 can also prepare and deliver outputs (e.g., speech, sound, animation, text, icons, vibrations, haptic feedback, light, etc.) to the user via the I/O interface 706 (e.g., through displays, audio channels, speakers, touch-pads, etc.).


Applications 724 can include programs and/or modules that are configured to be executed by one or more processors 704. For example, if the digital assistant system is implemented on a standalone user device, applications 724 can include user applications, such as games, a calendar application, a navigation application, or an email application. If digital assistant system 700 is implemented on a server, applications 724 can include resource management applications, diagnostic applications, or scheduling applications, for example.


Memory 702 can also store digital assistant module 726 (or the server portion of a digital assistant). In some examples, digital assistant module 726 can include the following sub-modules, or a subset or superset thereof: input/output processing module 728, speech-to-text (STT) processing module 730, natural language processing module 732, dialogue flow processing module 734, task flow processing module 736, service processing module 738, and speech synthesis module 740. Each of these modules can have access to one or more of the following systems or data and models of the digital assistant module 726, or a subset or superset thereof: ontology 760, vocabulary index 744, user data 748, task flow models 754, service models 756, and ASR systems.


In some examples, using the processing modules, data, and models implemented in digital assistant module 726, the digital assistant can perform at least some of the following: converting speech input into text; identifying a user's intent expressed in a natural language input received from the user; actively eliciting and obtaining information needed to fully infer the user's intent (e.g., by disambiguating words, games, intentions, etc.); determining the task flow for fulfilling the inferred intent; and executing the task flow to fulfill the inferred intent.


In some examples, as shown in FIG. 7B, I/O processing module 728 can interact with the user through I/O devices 716 in FIG. 7A or with a user device (e.g., devices 104, 200, 400, or 600) through network communications interface 708 in FIG. 7A to obtain user input (e.g., a speech input) and to provide responses (e.g., as speech outputs) to the user input. I/O processing module 728 can optionally obtain contextual information associated with the user input from the user device, along with or shortly after the receipt of the user input. The contextual information can include user-specific data, vocabulary, and/or preferences relevant to the user input. In some examples, the contextual information also includes software and hardware states of the user device at the time the user request is received, and/or information related to the surrounding environment of the user at the time that the user request was received. In some examples, I/O processing module 728 can also send follow-up questions to, and receive answers from, the user regarding the user request. When a user request is received by I/O processing module 728 and the user request can include speech input, I/O processing module 728 can forward the speech input to STT processing module 730 (or speech recognizer) for speech-to-text conversions.


STT processing module 730 can include one or more ASR systems. The one or more ASR systems can process the speech input that is received through I/O processing module 728 to produce a recognition result. Each ASR system can include a front-end speech pre-processor. The front-end speech pre-processor can extract representative features from the speech input. For example, the front-end speech pre-processor can perform a Fourier transform on the speech input to extract spectral features that characterize the speech input as a sequence of representative multi-dimensional vectors. Further, each ASR system can include one or more speech recognition models (e.g., acoustic models and/or language models) and can implement one or more speech recognition engines. Examples of speech recognition models can include Hidden Markov Models, Gaussian-Mixture Models, Deep Neural Network Models, n-gram language models, and other statistical models. Examples of speech recognition engines can include the dynamic time warping based engines and weighted finite-state transducers (WFST) based engines. The one or more speech recognition models and the one or more speech recognition engines can be used to process the extracted representative features of the front-end speech pre-processor to produce intermediate recognitions results (e.g., phonemes, phonemic strings, and sub-words), and ultimately, text recognition results (e.g., words, word strings, or sequence of tokens). In some examples, the speech input can be processed at least partially by a third-party service or on the user's device (e.g., device 104, 200, 400, or 600) to produce the recognition result. Once STT processing module 730 produces recognition results containing a text string (e.g., words, or sequence of words, or sequence of tokens), the recognition result can be passed to natural language processing module 732 for intent deduction.


More details on the speech-to-text processing are described in U.S. Utility application Ser. No. 13/236,942 for “Consolidating Speech Recognition Results,” filed on Sep. 20, 2011, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.


In some examples, STT processing module 730 can include and/or access a vocabulary of recognizable words via phonetic alphabet conversion module 731. Each vocabulary word can be associated with one or more candidate pronunciations of the word represented in a speech recognition phonetic alphabet. In particular, the vocabulary of recognizable words can include a word that is associated with a plurality of candidate pronunciations. For example, the vocabulary may include the word “tomato” that is associated with the candidate pronunciations of /custom character/ and /custom character/. Further, vocabulary words can be associated with custom candidate pronunciations that are based on previous speech inputs from the user. Such custom candidate pronunciations can be stored in STT processing module 730 and can be associated with a particular user via the user's profile on the device. In some examples, the candidate pronunciations for words can be determined based on the spelling of the word and one or more linguistic and/or phonetic rules. In some examples, the candidate pronunciations can be manually generated, e.g., based on known canonical pronunciations.


In some examples, the candidate pronunciations can be ranked based on the commonness of the candidate pronunciation. For example, the candidate pronunciation /custom character/ can be ranked higher than/custom character/, because the former is a more commonly used pronunciation (e.g., among all users, for users in a particular geographical region, or for any other appropriate subset of users). In some examples, candidate pronunciations can be ranked based on whether the candidate pronunciation is a custom candidate pronunciation associated with the user. For example, custom candidate pronunciations can be ranked higher than canonical candidate pronunciations. This can be useful for recognizing proper nouns having a unique pronunciation that deviates from canonical pronunciation. In some examples, candidate pronunciations can be associated with one or more speech characteristics, such as geographic origin, nationality, or ethnicity. For example, the candidate pronunciation /custom character/ can be associated with the United States, whereas the candidate pronunciation /custom character/ can be associated with Great Britain. Further, the rank of the candidate pronunciation can be based on one or more characteristics (e.g., geographic origin, nationality, ethnicity, etc.) of the user stored in the user's profile on the device. For example, it can be determined from the user's profile that the user is associated with the United States. Based on the user being associated with the United States, the candidate pronunciation /custom character/(associated with the United States) can be ranked higher than the candidate pronunciation /custom character/(associated with Great Britain). In some examples, one of the ranked candidate pronunciations can be selected as a predicted pronunciation (e.g., the most likely pronunciation).


When a speech input is received, STT processing module 730 can be used to determine the phonemes corresponding to the speech input (e.g., using an acoustic model), and then attempt to determine words that match the phonemes (e.g., using a language model). For example, if STT processing module 730 can first identify the sequence of phonemes/custom character/corresponding to a portion of the speech input, it can then determine, based on vocabulary index 744, that this sequence corresponds to the word “tomato.”


In some examples, STT processing module 730 can use approximate matching techniques to determine words in an utterance. Thus, for example, the STT processing module 730 can determine that the sequence of phonemes /custom character/ corresponds to the word “tomato,” even if that particular sequence of phonemes is not one of the candidate sequence of phonemes for that word.


Natural language processing module 732 (“natural language processor”) of the digital assistant can take the sequence of words or tokens (“token sequence”) generated by STT processing module 730, and attempt to associate the token sequence with one or more “actionable intents” recognized by the digital assistant. An “actionable intent” can represent a task that can be performed by the digital assistant, and can have an associated task flow implemented in task flow models 754. The associated task flow can be a series of programmed actions and steps that the digital assistant takes in order to perform the task. The scope of a digital assistant's capabilities can be dependent on the number and variety of task flows that have been implemented and stored in task flow models 754, or in other words, on the number and variety of “actionable intents” that the digital assistant recognizes. The effectiveness of the digital assistant, however, can also be dependent on the assistant's ability to infer the correct “actionable intent(s)” from the user request expressed in natural language.


In some examples, in addition to the sequence of words or tokens obtained from STT processing module 730, natural language processing module 732 can also receive contextual information associated with the user request, e.g., from I/O processing module 728. The natural language processing module 732 can optionally use the contextual information to clarify, supplement, and/or further define the information contained in the token sequence received from STT processing module 730. The contextual information can include, for example, user preferences, hardware, and/or software states of the user device, sensor information collected before, during, or shortly after the user request, prior interactions (e.g., dialogue) between the digital assistant and the user, and the like. As described herein, contextual information can be dynamic, and can change with time, location, content of the dialogue, and other factors.


In some examples, the natural language processing can be based on, e.g., ontology 760. Ontology 760 can be a hierarchical structure containing many nodes, each node representing either an “actionable intent” or a “property” relevant to one or more of the “actionable intents” or other “properties.” As noted above, an “actionable intent” can represent a task that the digital assistant is capable of performing, i.e., it is “actionable” or can be acted on. A “property” can represent a parameter associated with an actionable intent or a sub-aspect of another property. A linkage between an actionable intent node and a property node in ontology 760 can define how a parameter represented by the property node pertains to the task represented by the actionable intent node.


In some examples, ontology 760 can be made up of actionable intent nodes and property nodes. Within ontology 760, each actionable intent node can be linked to one or more property nodes either directly or through one or more intermediate property nodes. Similarly, each property node can be linked to one or more actionable intent nodes either directly or through one or more intermediate property nodes. For example, as shown in FIG. 7C, ontology 760 can include a “restaurant reservation” node (i.e., an actionable intent node). Property nodes “restaurant,” “date/time” (for the reservation), and “party size” can each be directly linked to the actionable intent node (i.e., the “restaurant reservation” node).


In addition, property nodes “cuisine,” “price range,” “phone number,” and “location” can be sub-nodes of the property node “restaurant,” and can each be linked to the “restaurant reservation” node (i.e., the actionable intent node) through the intermediate property node “restaurant.” For another example, as shown in FIG. 7C, ontology 760 can also include a “set reminder” node (i.e., another actionable intent node). Property nodes “date/time” (for setting the reminder) and “subject” (for the reminder) can each be linked to the “set reminder” node. Since the property “date/time” can be relevant to both the task of making a restaurant reservation and the task of setting a reminder, the property node “date/time” can be linked to both the “restaurant reservation” node and the “set reminder” node in ontology 760.


An actionable intent node, along with its linked concept nodes, can be described as a “domain.” In the present discussion, each domain can be associated with a respective actionable intent, and refers to the group of nodes (and the relationships there between) associated with the particular actionable intent. For example, ontology 760 shown in FIG. 7C can include an example of restaurant reservation domain 762 and an example of reminder domain 764 within ontology 760. The restaurant reservation domain includes the actionable intent node “restaurant reservation,” property nodes “restaurant,” “date/time,” and “party size,” and sub-property nodes “cuisine,” “price range,” “phone number,” and “location.” Reminder domain 764 can include the actionable intent node “set reminder,” and property nodes “subject” and “date/time.” In some examples, ontology 760 can be made up of many domains. Each domain can share one or more property nodes with one or more other domains. For example, the “date/time” property node can be associated with many different domains (e.g., a scheduling domain, a travel reservation domain, a movie ticket domain, etc.), in addition to restaurant reservation domain 762 and reminder domain 764.


While FIG. 7C illustrates two example domains within ontology 760, other domains can include, for example, “find a movie,” “initiate a phone call,” “find directions,” “schedule a meeting,” “send a message,” and “provide an answer to a question,” “read a list,” “providing navigation instructions,” “provide instructions for a task” and so on. A “send a message” domain can be associated with a “send a message” actionable intent node, and may further include property nodes such as “recipient(s),” “message type,” and “message body.” The property node “recipient” can be further defined, for example, by the sub-property nodes such as “recipient name” and “message address.”


In some examples, ontology 760 can include all the domains (and hence actionable intents) that the digital assistant is capable of understanding and acting upon. In some examples, ontology 760 can be modified, such as by adding or removing entire domains or nodes, or by modifying relationships between the nodes within the ontology 760.


In some examples, nodes associated with multiple related actionable intents can be clustered under a “super domain” in ontology 760. For example, a “travel” super-domain can include a cluster of property nodes and actionable intent nodes related to travel. The actionable intent nodes related to travel can include “airline reservation,” “hotel reservation,” “car rental,” “get directions,” “find points of interest,” and so on. The actionable intent nodes under the same super domain (e.g., the “travel” super domain) can have many property nodes in common. For example, the actionable intent nodes for “airline reservation,” “hotel reservation,” “car rental,” “get directions,” and “find points of interest” can share one or more of the property nodes “start location,” “destination,” “departure date/time,” “arrival date/time,” and “party size.”


In some examples, each node in ontology 760 can be associated with a set of words and/or phrases that are relevant to the property or actionable intent represented by the node. The respective set of words and/or phrases associated with each node can be the so-called “vocabulary” associated with the node. The respective set of words and/or phrases associated with each node can be stored in vocabulary index 744 in association with the property or actionable intent represented by the node. For example, returning to FIG. 7B, the vocabulary associated with the node for the property of “restaurant” can include words such as “food,” “drinks,” “cuisine,” “hungry,” “eat,” “pizza,” “fast food,” “meal,” and so on. For another example, the vocabulary associated with the node for the actionable intent of “initiate a phone call” can include words and phrases such as “call,” “phone,” “dial,” “ring,” “call this number,” “make a call to,” and so on. The vocabulary index 744 can optionally include words and phrases in different languages.


Natural language processing module 732 can receive the token sequence (e.g., a text string) from STT processing module 730, and determine what nodes are implicated by the words in the token sequence. In some examples, if a word or phrase in the token sequence is found to be associated with one or more nodes in ontology 760 (via vocabulary index 744), the word or phrase can “trigger” or “activate” those nodes. Based on the quantity and/or relative importance of the activated nodes, natural language processing module 732 can select one of the actionable intents as the task that the user intended the digital assistant to perform. In some examples, the domain that has the most “triggered” nodes can be selected. In some examples, the domain having the highest confidence value (e.g., based on the relative importance of its various triggered nodes) can be selected. In some examples, the domain can be selected based on a combination of the number and the importance of the triggered nodes. In some examples, additional factors are considered in selecting the node as well, such as whether the digital assistant has previously correctly interpreted a similar request from a user.


User data 748 can include user-specific information, such as user-specific vocabulary, user preferences, user address, user's default and secondary languages, user's contact list, and other short-term or long-term information for each user. In some examples, natural language processing module 732 can use the user-specific information to supplement the information contained in the user input to further define the user intent. For example, for a user request “invite my friends to my birthday party,” natural language processing module 732 can be able to access user data 748 to determine who the “friends” are and when and where the “birthday party” would be held, rather than requiring the user to provide such information explicitly in his/her request.


Other details of searching an ontology based on a token string is described in U.S. Utility application Ser. No. 12/341,743 for “Method and Apparatus for Searching Using An Active Ontology,” filed Dec. 22, 2008, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.


In some examples, once natural language processing module 732 identifies an actionable intent (or domain) based on the user request, natural language processing module 732 can generate a structured query to represent the identified actionable intent. In some examples, the structured query can include parameters for one or more nodes within the domain for the actionable intent, and at least some of the parameters are populated with the specific information and requirements specified in the user request. For example, the user may say “Make me a dinner reservation at a sushi place at 7.” In this case, natural language processing module 732 can be able to correctly identify the actionable intent to be “restaurant reservation” based on the user input. According to the ontology, a structured query for a “restaurant reservation” domain may include parameters such as {Cuisine}, {Time}, {Date}, {Party Size}, and the like. In some examples, based on the speech input and the text derived from the speech input using STT processing module 730, natural language processing module 732 can generate a partial structured query for the restaurant reservation domain, where the partial structured query includes the parameters {Cuisine=“Sushi”} and {Time=“7 pm”}. However, in this example, the user's utterance contains insufficient information to complete the structured query associated with the domain. Therefore, other necessary parameters such as {Party Size} and {Date} may not be specified in the structured query based on the information currently available. In some examples, natural language processing module 732 can populate some parameters of the structured query with received contextual information. For example, in some examples, if the user requested a sushi restaurant “near me,” natural language processing module 732 can populate a {location} parameter in the structured query with GPS coordinates from the user device.


In some examples, natural language processing module 732 can pass the generated structured query (including any completed parameters) to task flow processing module 736 (“task flow processor”). Task flow processing module 736 can be configured to receive the structured query from natural language processing module 732, complete the structured query, if necessary, and perform the actions required to “complete” the user's ultimate request. In some examples, the various procedures necessary to complete these tasks can be provided in task flow models 754. In some examples, task flow models 754 can include procedures for obtaining additional information from the user and task flows for performing actions associated with the actionable intent.


As described above, in order to complete a structured query, task flow processing module 736 may need to initiate additional dialogue with the user in order to obtain additional information, and/or disambiguate potentially ambiguous utterances. When such interactions are necessary, task flow processing module 736 can invoke dialogue flow processing module 734 to engage in a dialogue with the user. In some examples, dialogue flow processing module 734 can determine how (and/or when) to ask the user for the additional information and receives and processes the user responses. The questions can be provided to and answers can be received from the users through I/O processing module 728. In some examples, dialogue flow processing module 734 can present dialogue output to the user via audio and/or visual output, and receives input from the user via spoken or physical (e.g., clicking) responses. Continuing with the example above, when task flow processing module 736 invokes dialogue flow processing module 734 to determine the “party size” and “date” information for the structured query associated with the domain “restaurant reservation,” dialogue flow processing module 734 can generate questions such as “For how many people?” and “On which day?” to pass to the user. Once answers are received from the user, dialogue flow processing module 734 can then populate the structured query with the missing information, or pass the information to task flow processing module 736 to complete the missing information from the structured query.


Once task flow processing module 736 has completed the structured query for an actionable intent, task flow processing module 736 can proceed to perform the ultimate task associated with the actionable intent. Accordingly, task flow processing module 736 can execute the steps and instructions in the task flow model according to the specific parameters contained in the structured query. For example, the task flow model for the actionable intent of “restaurant reservation” can include steps and instructions for contacting a restaurant and actually requesting a reservation for a particular party size at a particular time. For example, using a structured query such as: {restaurant reservation, restaurant=ABC Café, date=3/12/2012, time=7 pm, party size=5}, task flow processing module 736 can perform the steps of: (1) logging onto a server of the ABC Café or a restaurant reservation system such as OPENTABLE®, (2) entering the date, time, and party size information in a form on the website, (3) submitting the form, and (4) making a calendar entry for the reservation in the user's calendar.


In some examples, task flow processing module 736 can employ the assistance of service processing module 738 (“service processing module”) to complete a task requested in the user input or to provide an informational answer requested in the user input. For example, service processing module 738 can act on behalf of task flow processing module 736 to make a phone call, set a calendar entry, invoke a map search, invoke or interact with other user applications installed on the user device, and invoke or interact with third-party services (e.g., a restaurant reservation portal, a social networking website, a banking portal, etc.). In some examples, the protocols and application programming interfaces (API) required by each service can be specified by a respective service model among service models 756. Service processing module 738 can access the appropriate service model for a service and generate requests for the service in accordance with the protocols and APIs required by the service according to the service model.


For example, if a restaurant has enabled an online reservation service, the restaurant can submit a service model specifying the necessary parameters for making a reservation and the APIs for communicating the values of the necessary parameter to the online reservation service. When requested by task flow processing module 736, service processing module 738 can establish a network connection with the online reservation service using the web address stored in the service model, and send the necessary parameters of the reservation (e.g., time, date, party size) to the online reservation interface in a format according to the API of the online reservation service.


In some examples, natural language processing module 732, dialogue flow processing module 734, and task flow processing module 736 can be used collectively and iteratively to infer and define the user's intent, obtain information to further clarify and refine the user intent, and finally generate a response (i.e., an output to the user, or the completion of a task) to fulfill the user's intent. The generated response can be a dialogue response to the speech input that at least partially fulfills the user's intent. Further, in some examples, the generated response can be output as a speech output. In these examples, the generated response can be sent to speech synthesis module 740 (e.g., speech synthesizer) where it can be processed to synthesize the dialogue response in speech form. In yet other examples, the generated response can be data content relevant to satisfying a user request in the speech input.


Speech synthesis module 740 can be configured to synthesize speech outputs for presentation to the user. Speech synthesis module 740 synthesizes speech outputs based on text provided by the digital assistant. For example, the generated dialogue response can be in the form of a text string. Speech synthesis module 740 can convert the text string to an audible speech output. Speech synthesis module 740 can use any appropriate speech synthesis technique in order to generate speech outputs from text, including, but not limited, to concatenative synthesis, unit selection synthesis, diphone synthesis, domain-specific synthesis, formant synthesis, articulatory synthesis, hidden Markov model (HMM) based synthesis, and sinewave synthesis. In some examples, speech synthesis module 740 can be configured to synthesize individual words based on phonemic strings corresponding to the words. For example, a phonemic string can be associated with a word in the generated dialogue response. The phonemic string can be stored in metadata associated with the word. Speech synthesis model 740 can be configured to directly process the phonemic string in the metadata to synthesize the word in speech form.


In some examples, instead of (or in addition to) using speech synthesis module 740, speech synthesis can be performed on a remote device (e.g., the server system 108), and the synthesized speech can be sent to the user device for output to the user. For example, this can occur in some implementations where outputs for a digital assistant are generated at a server system. And because server systems generally have more processing power or resources than a user device, it can be possible to obtain higher quality speech outputs than would be practical with client-side synthesis.


Additional details on digital assistants can be found in the U.S. Utility application Ser. No. 12/987,982, entitled “Intelligent Automated Assistant,” filed Jan. 10, 2011, and U.S. Utility application Ser. No. 13/251,088, entitled “Generating and Processing Task Items That Represent Tasks to Perform,” filed Sep. 30, 2011, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.


4. Exemplary Techniques for Natural Voice Interaction



FIGS. 8A-D, 9A-G, 10A-G illustrate exemplary processes for operating an intelligent automated assistant according to various examples. These figures are also used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in FIGS. 11A-B, 12A-B, and 13A-B.



FIG. 8A shows electronic device 800. Electronic device 800 may be any of devices 104, 122, 200, 400, 600, 900, 1000, 1400, 1500, and 1600 (FIGS. 1, 2A, 3, 4, 5A, 6A-6B, 9A-G, 10A-G, 14-16) in some embodiments. In the illustrated example, the electronic device 800 is a speaker, though it will be appreciated that the electronic device may be a device of any type, such as a phone, laptop, desktop, tablet, wearable device (e.g., smart watch), set-top box, home electronics including televisions, or any combination or subcombination thereof.


In operation, the electronic device 800 provides for the exchange of natural language speech between a user and an intelligent automated assistant. In some examples, the exchange is purely auditory. In some examples, the exchange is additionally or alternatively visual (e.g., by way of graphical user interface).


In FIG. 8A, the electronic device 800 receives (e.g., via a microphone) a natural language speech input 810 directed to an automated assistant of the electronic device 800. In some examples, the natural language speech input is indicative of content. In the depicted example, the natural language speech input 810 (“HEY SIRI, PLAY A BEATLES SONG”) is indicative of media content (e.g., “A BEATLES SONG”). Content, as described herein, can include any type of information that can be consumed by a human user. Exemplary content includes, but is not limited to, contact information (e.g., phone numbers addresses), media items (e.g., songs, movies, TV episodes, textual/audio books), places of interest, persons of interest, events of interest, or any combination thereof.


In some examples, the natural language speech input includes a user request for retrieving and/or presenting content. In some examples, for instance, the natural language speech input includes one or more parameters (e.g., name, artist, location, media type) that may be used to identify and/or retrieve the content. With reference to FIG. 8A, user 802 provides a natural language speech input 810 that specifies an artist (“BEATLES”) and a media type (“SONG”). Additional exemplary natural language speech inputs indicative of content include “HEY SIRI, FIND ME RESTAURANTS AROUND CUPERTINO”, “READ ME HARRY POTTER AND THE SORCERER'S STONE”, and “WHAT IS THE WEATHER OUT THERE”.


As shown in FIG. 8B, the electronic device 800 provides (e.g., via a speaker) an audio output 812, for instance, in response to the natural language speech input. In some examples, the audio output includes synthesized speech of the automated assistant of the electronic device 800. The audio output includes a plurality of formats in which the content may be presented. Exemplary formats for presenting content include, but are not limited to: the content in its entirety, a summary of the content, a portion of the content, a paraphrase of the content, or any combination thereof. In the depicted example in FIG. 8B, the electronic device 800 provides, via audio output 812, “DO YOU WANT ME TO PROVIDE THE SONG NAMES, SUMMARIES OF THE ALBUMS, LENGTH OF THE ALBUMS, OR SOMETHING ELSE?”


In some examples, the electronic device 800 identifies the plurality of formats based on context information. Context information includes, but is not limited to: the type of the content (e.g., song, book, place of interest), the size of the content (e.g., number of pages, playback time), information associated with the content (e.g., metadata, summaries), the type of the electronic device (e.g., whether the device is a device having a display), environmental factors associated with the device (e.g., whether the device is moving), user preferences, or a combination thereof. In the depicted example in FIG. 8B, as the user has asked the electronic device 800 to play a song, the formats presented include “SONG NAMES”, “ALBUM NAMES”, and “SUMMARIES OF THE ALBUMS”. As another example, if the user has asked the electronic device 800 to read a book, the formats presented can include “CHAPTER NAMES” and “VOLUME NAMES”.


In some examples, the electronic device 800 selectively provides an audio output based on a type of the content and/or a device type of the electronic device 800. By way of example, if the content is video and the electronic device 800 is a speaker, the electronic device may forgo providing an audio output. Instead, the electronic device 800 may indicate to the user that the content will not be provided.


In some examples, the audio output further includes information describing the content. The information describing the content can be helpful in allowing a user to select a format for the content, as described below. In some examples, the information describing the content includes information indicative of a size of the content (e.g., number of pages, time for a complete playback, number of items). In the depicted example, the audio output 812 (“I FOUND 275 SONGS AND 12 ALBUMS”) includes a number of songs and a number of music albums.


In some examples, the electronic device 800 indicates (e.g., via the audio output or an additional, separate audio output) that the user can specify a format that is not included in the first audio output (e.g., 812; “OR SOMETHING ELSE?”). In some examples, the electronic device 800 provides (e.g., via the first audio output or a separate audio output) one or more exemplary inputs for selecting a format, such as “YOU CAN SAY, ‘JUST THE SUMMARIES’” (not depicted).


Turning to FIG. 8C, the electronic device 800 receives (e.g., via a microphone) a natural language speech input 814 indicative of a selection of a format of the plurality of formats. In the depicted example, the electronic device 800 receives the natural language speech input 814 (“READ THE ALBUM NAMES”) from the user 802.


In FIG. 8D, the electronic device 800 provides (e.g., via a speaker) an audio output 817 including the content in the selected format. In the depicted example, the audio output 817 includes names of Beatles albums (“LET IT BE, ABBEY ROAD,”) in accordance with the natural language speech input 814 (“READ THE ALBUM NAMES”).


In some examples, the electronic device 800 provides (e.g., via a speaker) an audio output 816 before providing the audio output 817. In some examples, the audio output 816 indicates that the audio input 817 can be interrupted. As illustrated, for instance, the audio output 816 (“OK. YOU CAN INTERRUPT ME ANY TIME”) indicates that the user can interrupt while the electronic device 800 provides the audio output 817. Additional exemplary audio outputs include, but are not limited to: “TELL ME WHEN YOU HEAR SOMETHING YOU LIKE”, “TELL ME IF YOU WANT TO KNOW MORE ABOUT ANY OF THEM”, and “LET ME KNOW IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS.” Various exemplary processes and mechanism for handling a user's barge-in inputs are provided in more details below.


In some examples, the electronic device 800 receives a user request to repeat an audio output. In response, the electronic device 800 provides an adjusted audio output different from the audio output. In some examples, the adjusted audio output includes the same content of the audio output, but is provided using a different manner of playback. By way of example, the adjusted audio output is provided at a different rate (e.g., slower), at a different volume (e.g., louder), and/or in a different language than the audio output. For example, if the previous audio output includes a spelling of a word (e.g., “A-P-P-L-E”), the adjusted audio output repeats the same spelling at a slower rate. In some examples, the adjusted audio output includes the same content of the audio output 816 as well as additional information. As another example, if the audio output includes a name of a business, such as a restaurant (e.g., “CAFFE MACS”), the adjusted audio output includes both the business name and a location of the business (e.g., “CAFFE MACS IN CUPERTINO”). In some examples, the manner in which the playback is adjusted depends on a domain of a current voice interaction. For example, if the audio output is associated with a first domain (e.g., spelling), playback may be adjusted in a first manner (e.g., slower playback). If the audio output is associated with a second domain (e.g., search), playback may be adjusted in a second manner (e.g., additional information added). In some examples, the electronic device 800 provides an audio output asking the user whether he or she needs help.



FIG. 9A shows electronic device 900. Electronic device 900 may be any of devices 104, 122, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1400, 1500, and 1600 (FIGS. 1, 2A, 3, 4, 5A, 6A-6B, 8A-D, 10A-G, 14-16) in some embodiments. In the illustrated example, the electronic device 900 is a speaker, though it will be appreciated that the electronic device may be a device of any type, such as a phone, laptop, desktop, tablet, wearable device (e.g., smart watch), set-top box, home electronics including televisions, or any combination or subcombination thereof.


In FIG. 9A, the electronic device 900 provides (e.g., via a speaker of the electronic device), an audio output 918. In some examples, the audio output includes synthesized speech of an automated assistant of the electronic device 900. In some examples, the audio output is indicative of a list of items and/or includes content.


With reference to FIG. 9A, the electronic device 900 provides the audio output 918 indicative of a list of items. In the depicted example, the audio output 918 (“LET IT BE, ABBEY ROAD, THE BEATL . . . ”) is indicative of a list of album names. In some examples, the electronic device 900 provides the audio output responsive to processing a natural language speech input, as described with respect to FIGS. 8A-D. In some examples, electronic device 900 indicates (e.g., via the speaker) to the user that the audio output can be interrupted before starting to provide the audio output, similar to the audio output 817 discussed with respect to FIG. 8D.


In FIG. 9B, while providing the audio output 918, the electronic device 900 receives (e.g., via a microphone of the electronic device) a natural language speech input 922 (“LET'S PLAY THAT ONE”). In the depicted example, the electronic device 900 is in the middle of reciting a list of album names, specifically in the middle of reciting the album name “BEATLES” when receiving the natural language speech input 922.


In response to receiving the natural language speech input 922, the electronic device 900 derives a representation of user intent based on the natural language speech input and the audio output. For instance, in some examples, the electronic device 900 identifies a portion of the content of the audio output in response to receipt of the natural language speech input and derives a representation of user intent based on the identified portion of the content and the natural language speech input 922. In some examples, the electronic device 900 selects a portion of the audio output (e.g., “THE BEATL”) that is provided at a time the natural language speech input 922 is received. In some examples, the electronic device 900 selects a portion of the audio output (e.g., “ABBEY ROAD”) that is provided at a time before the natural language speech input 922 is received.


In some examples, the electronic device 900 identifies one or more parameters associated with the representation of user intent based on the selected portion of the audio output. In some examples, the audio output is indicative of a list of items (e.g., list of media items, list of places of interest, list of persons of interest), and the selected portion of the audio output is indicative of an item of the list (e.g., a media item, a place of interest, a person of interest). In the depicted example in FIG. 9B, for instance, the audio output 920 (“LET IT BE, ABBEY ROAD, THE BEATL”) is indicative of a list of media items, and the selected portion of the audio output 920 is indicative of a media item of the list of media items (e.g., an album named “THE BEATLES”).


In FIG. 9C, based on the derived representation of user intent, the electronic device 900 identifies a task and performs the identified task. In some examples, the electronic device 900 further identifies one or more parameters associated with the task and performs the task using the one or more parameters. In some examples, the one or more parameters associated with the task are based on the one or more parameters associated with the representation of user intent. In the depicted example in FIG. 9C, the electronic device 900 identifies a task of performing playback of a media item and a parameter associated with the task “THE BEATLES”. As such, the electronic device 900 performs a playback 924 of the “BEATLES” album. As another example, if the electronic device 900 is reading a list of places of interest (e.g., restaurants) when receiving a natural language speech input (“Directions to there”), the electronic device can provide information (e.g., navigation details) associated with a particular place of interest identified from the list.


With reference to FIG. 9D, while performing playback of media content (e.g., 926; the “BEATLES” album), the electronic device 900 receives another natural language speech input 928. In some examples, the natural language speech input is directed to a manner in which the electronic device 800 provides playback of media content (e.g., 928; “TURN IT UP”). In some examples, the electronic device 900 processes the natural language speech input in a manner similar to that discussed with respect to FIGS. 9A-C. For example, the electronic device 900 derives a representation of user intent (e.g., interprets “IT” as referring to the current playback of the “BEATLES” album) based on audio output of the electronic device.


As shown in FIG. 9E, the electronic device 900 adjusts playback of the media content in response to the natural language speech input 928. In some examples, the electronic device 900 adjusts a volume of the speaker of the electronic device. The electronic device may, for instance, increase volume (e.g., in response to the user input 928 “TURN IT UP”) or decrease volume (e.g., in response to the user input “QUIETER”). In other examples, the electronic device 900 pauses playback of the media content (e.g., in response to the user input “PAUSE IT NOW”). In yet other examples, the electronic device 900 performs playback of different media content. The electronic device 900 may for instance, switch to a different song of a selected artist or album (e.g., in response to the user input “SKIP THIS ONE”).


In FIG. 9F, while performing playback of media content (e.g., 926; the “BEATLES” album), the electronic device 900 receives natural language speech input 934 (“HEY SIRI, WHAT TIME IS IT NOW?”).


In FIG. 9G, in response to receiving the natural language speech input 934, the electronic device 900 attenuates the audio output 932. In the depicted example in FIG. 9G, the electronic device 900 continues to perform playback of “THE BEATLES” album, but in a blurred manner. This way, the electronic device makes the response (936; “IT'S 2 PM”) to the natural language speech input 934 easier to hear for user 902.


In some examples, the electronic device 900 attenuates the audio output by adjusting the audio output. For example, the electronic device 900 can blur the audio output, provide the audio output at a different (e.g., lower) volume, and/or provide the audio output at a different (e.g., lower) rate. In some examples, the electronic device 900 attenuates the current audio output by ceasing to provide the current audio output.


In some examples, the electronic device 900 attenuates the audio output in different manners depending on characteristics of the audio output (e.g., type, volume, metadata). In some examples, in response to receiving the natural language speech input (e.g., 934), the electronic device 900 determines a type of the audio output. In response to a determination that the audio output is of a first type (e.g., song), the electronic device 900 adjusts playback of the audio output. In response to a determination that the audio output of a second type different from the first type (e.g., synthesized speech of the automated assistant), the electronic device 900 ceases to provide the audio output.


In some examples, the electronic device 900 attenuates the audio output in response to detection of a spoken trigger (e.g., “Hey Siri”) in the natural language speech input 934. In some examples, the electronic device 900 attenuates the audio output in response to determining that the user has finished providing the natural language speech input (e.g., 934). In some examples, the electronic device 900 attenuates the audio output when responding (e.g., providing requested results) to the natural language speech input (e.g., 934).


It will be appreciated that electronic device 900 can attenuate an audio output in response to receiving the natural language speech input 922 (“LET'S PLAY THAT ONE”; FIG. 9A) and/or the natural language speech input 928 (“TURN IT UP”; FIG. 9D) in similar manners as discussed with respect to the natural language speech input 934.



FIG. 10A shows an electronic device 1000. Electronic device 1000 may be any of devices 104, 122, 200, 400, 600, 800, 900, 1400, 1500, and 1600 (FIGS. 1, 2A, 3, 4, 5A, 6A-6B, 8A-D, 9A-G, 14-16) in some embodiments. In the illustrated example, the electronic device 1000 is a speaker, though it will be appreciated that the electronic device may be a device of any type, such as a phone, laptop, desktop, tablet, wearable device (e.g., smart watch), set-top box, home electronics including televisions, or any combination or subcombination thereof.


In FIG. 10A, the electronic device 1000 samples (e.g., via a microphone of the electronic device), an audio input 1038 including a spoken trigger (e.g., “HEY SIRI”). In some examples, the spoken trigger is configured to invoke an automated assistant of the electronic device.


In FIG. 10B, in response to sampling the audio input 1038, the electronic device 1000 provides (e.g., via a speaker of the electronic device) an audio output 1040 indicative of a state of the automated assistant. In some examples, the audio output is indicative of an active state (e.g., triggered or invoked) of the automated assistant. In some examples, when the automated assistant is in the active state, the electronic device interprets any sampled audio inputs (with or without the spoken trigger) as being directed to the automated assistant. In some examples, when in the active state, the automated assistant maintains context for a current user session.


In some examples, the audio output is a continuous sound, a sound of a single note, white noise, a sound of running water, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the electronic device 1000 gradually attenuates the audio output over a period of time. For instance, the electronic device 1000 may continuously decrease volume and/or rate of playback of the audio output during a user session. In the depicted example in FIG. 10B, the audio output 1040 includes a continuous white noise.


In some examples, while providing the audio output, the electronic device 1000 provides another separate audio output indicative of an acknowledgement of the spoken trigger. The audio output indicative of an acknowledgement of the spoken trigger can be verbal (e.g., “YOU RANG?”) or non-verbal (e.g., a beep). In the example of FIG. 10B, the electronic device 1000 provides audio output 1042 (“MMHMM?”) to indicate an acknowledgement of the spoken trigger (e.g., “HEY SIRI”). The electronic device 1000 provides the audio output 1040 while simultaneously providing audio output 1040 in some examples.


Further operation of the electronic device 1000 is described with reference to FIGS. 10C-G. In some examples, the electronic device 800 may continue to provide the audio output 1040 during operation pertaining to one or more of FIGS. 10C-G.


With reference to FIG. 10C, the electronic device 1000 receives a natural language speech input 1044. In the depicted example, the natural language speech input 1044 includes a user request “WHAT'S THE WEATHER OUTSIDE?” In some examples, the audio input 1038 and the natural language speech input 1044 are parts of the same audio input (e.g., “HEY SIRI, WHAT'S THE WEATHER OUTSIDE?”).


In FIG. 10D, the electronic device 1000 derives a representation of user intent based on the natural language speech input 1044. In the depicted example, the electronic device 1000 derives a representation of user intent (i.e., providing a current time) based on the natural language speech input 1044.


In some examples, the electronic device 1000 provides a separate audio output indicative of an ongoing processing of a user request. The audio output indicative of an ongoing processing of a user request can be verbal (e.g., “LET ME SEE”) or non-verbal (e.g., a woodpecker pecking sound). In the depicted example, the electronic device 1000 provides audio output 1046 (“HMMM”) to indicate an ongoing processing of the natural language speech input 1044 (e.g., “WHAT'S THE WEATHER OUTSIDE”).


In FIG. 10E, the electronic device 1000 performs a task and provides one or more results based on the performed task. In the depicted example, the electronic device 1000 obtains weather information and provides an audio output 1048 (“IT'S 70 HERE IN CUPERTINO”).


In some examples, the automated assistant of the electronic device 1000 enters an inactive state after a passage of a predefined period of time after providing the one or more results. In some examples, when the automated assistant is in an inactive state, the electronic device 1000 ceases to provide the audio output 1040. For instance, as described with reference to FIG. 10B, the electronic device 1000 provides an output 1040 in response to receipt of the natural language speech input 1038 and may continue to provide the audio output 1040 during operation to indicate that the automated assistant remains in an active state. However, the electronic device 1000 can cease to provide the audio output 1040 after the electronic device provides results, for instance, as described with respect to FIG. 10E.


After the automated assistant transitions from an active state to an inactive state, the electronic device 1000 may receive an audio input that does not include a spoken trigger within a predefined period of time following the transition. In some examples, in response, the electronic device 1000 can process the audio input as if the audio input does include a spoken trigger.


For instance, with reference to FIG. 10F, the electronic device 1000, after performing the task (e.g., obtaining weather information), receives a second audio input (e.g., 1052; “WHAT ABOUT SAN FRANCISCO?”). Notably, the second audio input (e.g., 1052) does not include a spoken trigger (e.g., “HEY SIRI”).


As described, the electronic device 1000 determines context associated with the user, the current user interaction, and/or the current user session in some examples. Based on the context and the second audio input, the electronic device derives a representation of a second user intent. The context can be determined either prior to or after the receipt of the second audio input. As discussed above with respect of FIGS. 2A-B and 7A-C, the context can include prior interactions (e.g., previous inputs, previously derived user intents, previously identified task, or a combination thereof) between the automated assistant and the user. In the depicted example, the electronic device 1000 interprets the second audio input as a request to the automated assistant for weather information (based on the previous audio input 1044) in San Francisco.


In FIG. 10G, the electronic device 1000 performs a second task based on the second representation of the user intent and provides one or more results based on the performed second task. Specifically, the electronic device 1000 provides an audio output 1054 (“IT'S 65 RIGHT NOW IN SAN FRANCISCO.”).


The electronic device 1000 can adjust its audio outputs based on contextual information. In some examples, after sampling (e.g., via a microphone) an audio input (e.g., 1038; “HEY SIRI”), the electronic device determines a current context before providing an audio response. In some examples, the current context includes a current time, a current location, sensor information (e.g., lighting, ambient noise, ambient temperature, images or videos of the surrounding environment), physical state of the device (power level, motion patterns, speed), etc.


In some examples, the electronic device 1000 adjusts the audio output based on the determined current context. For example, if the electronic device 1000 determines that the current time is midnight and the user has last set the volume level at noon, the electronic device 1000 can reduce the volume of the audio output.


5. Exemplary Processes for Operating Intelligent Automated Assistant



FIGS. 11A-B illustrate a flow diagram of an exemplary process 1100 for operating an automated assistant in accordance with some embodiments. The process 1100 may be performed using one or more devices 104, 122, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1400 (FIGS. 1, 2A, 4, 6A-B, 8A-C, and 14). Operations in process 1100 are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed.


At block 1102, the electronic device provides an audio output using a speaker of the electronic device. In some examples, providing the audio output comprises providing a speech output indicative of a list of items. In some examples, providing the audio output comprises performing playback of media content. In some examples, before providing the audio output, the electronic device provides a second audio output.


In some examples, the electronic device attenuates the audio output in response to receiving the natural language speech input. In some examples, the electronic device ceases providing the audio output in response to receiving the natural language speech input.


In some examples, the electronic device determines a type of the audio output in response to receiving the natural language speech input. The electronic device adjusts the audio output in response to a determination that the audio output is of a first type. The electronic device ceases providing the audio output in response to a determination that the audio output is of a second type different from the first type.


At block 1104, while providing the audio output, the electronic device receives a natural language speech input using a microphone of the electronic device.


In some examples, the electronic device identifies a portion of the audio input in response to receipt of the natural language speech input. In some examples, the portion of the audio output is indicative of an item of a list of items. In some examples, the item is a media item. In some examples, the item is a location.


At block 1106, the electronic device derives a representation of user intent based on the natural language speech input and the audio output.


At block 1108, the electronic device identifies a task based on the derived user intent.


At block 1110, the electronic device performs the task. In some examples, performing the task includes performing playback of the media item with the speaker of the electronic device. In some examples, performing the task includes providing information associated with the location with the speaker of the electronic device. In some examples, performing the task comprises adjusting playback of the media content. Adjusting playback of the media content may comprise adjusting a volume of the speaker of the electronic device or may comprise pausing playback of the media content.


In some examples, the electronic device identifies one or more parameters associated with the task based on a portion of the audio output. In some examples, performing the task includes performing the task based on the identified one or more parameters.



FIGS. 12A-B illustrate a flow diagram of an exemplary process 1200 for operating automated assistant in accordance with some embodiments. The process 1200 may be performed using one or more devices 104, 122, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1500 (FIGS. 1, 2A, 4, 6A-B, 8A-C, and 15). Operations in process 1200 are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed.


At block 1202, the electronic device samples an audio input using a microphone of the electronic device. The audio input comprises a spoken trigger in some examples.


At block 1204, the electronic device provides an audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant using a speaker of the electronic device in response to sampling the audio input. In some examples, the audio output is indicative of an active state of the automated assistant. In some examples, the audio output is a continuous sound, white noise, and/or the sound of running water. In some examples, providing the audio output comprises attenuating the audio output over a period of time. In some examples, while providing the audio output, the electronic device provides a second audio output indicative of an ongoing processing of a user request, a third audio output indicative of a completed processing of a user request, a fourth audio output indicative of an acknowledgement of the spoken trigger, and/or a fifth audio output indicative of an error. In some examples, after sampling the audio input, the electronic device determines a current context and adjusts the audio output based on the determined current context. In some examples, the audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant is based on a type of the electronic device.


At block 1206, while providing the audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant, the electronic device receives a natural language speech input and derives a representation of user intent based on the natural language speech input.


At block 1208, the electronic device performs a task based on the user intent. In some examples, performing the task based on the user intent includes performing the task based on the user intent while providing the audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant.


In some examples, the electronic device outputs one or more results based on the performed task using the speaker of the electronic device while providing the audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant.


In some examples, after providing the one or more results based on the performed task, the electronic device ceases to provide the audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant after passage of a predefined period of time.


In some examples, the electronic device determines a user context, and after performing the task, receives a second audio input that does not comprise a spoken trigger. The electronic device derives a representation of a second user intent based on the second audio input and the user context and performs a second task based on the second user intent. In some examples, the user context is based on the natural language speech input, the user intent, the task, or a combination thereof.



FIGS. 13A-B illustrate a flow diagram of an exemplary process 1300 for operating automated assistant in accordance with some embodiments. The process 1300 may be performed using one or more devices 104, 122, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1600 (FIGS. 1, 2A, 4, 6A-B, 8A-C, and 16). Operations in process 1300 are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed.


At block 1302, the electronic device receives a first natural language speech input indicative of content.


At block 1304, the electronic device provides a first audio output using a speaker of the electronic device. The audio output comprises a plurality of formats for presenting the content. In some examples, the first audio input comprises information describing the content. In some examples, the information describing the content comprises information indicative of a size of the content. In some examples, the first audio input is based on context information. In some examples, the context information is based on a type of the electronic device. In some examples, the plurality of formats comprises one or more of an entirety of the content, a summary of the content, a portion of the content, a paraphrase of the content, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the first audio output further comprises one or more exemplary inputs.


At block 1306, the electronic device receives a second natural language speech input indicative of a selection of a format of the plurality of formats.


At block 1308, the electronic device provides a second audio output comprising a presentation of the content in the selected format of the plurality of formats using the speaker of the electronic device. In some examples, the electronic device receives a user request to repeat the second audio output. The electronic device provides a third audio output different from the second audio output in response to receiving the user request. In some examples, providing the second audio output comprises providing the content at a first rate, and providing the third audio output comprises providing the content at a second rate different from the first rate. In some examples, providing the second audio output comprises providing the content at a first volume, and providing the third audio output comprises providing the content at a second volume different from the first volume. In some examples, providing the second audio output comprises providing the content in a first language, and providing the third audio output comprises providing the content in a second language different from the first language. In some examples, the electronic device identifies a domain associated with the second audio output. The third audio output is based on the identified domain.


As shown in FIG. 14, an electronic device 1400 includes a speaker unit 1402, a microphone unit 1404, and a processing unit 1406 coupled to the speaker unit 1402 and the microphone unit 1404. In some embodiments, the processing unit 1406 includes a providing unit 1420, a receiving unit 1422, a deriving unit 1424, an identifying unit 1426, a task performing unit 1428, and optionally, a playback performing unit 1430, an attenuating unit 1432, a determining unit 1434, and an adjusting unit 1436.


In some examples, the processing unit 1406 configured to: provide (e.g., with the providing unit 1420), via the speaker unit 1402 of the electronic device 1400, an audio output (e.g., block 1102); while providing the audio output via the speaker unit 1402 of the electronic device 1400, receive (e.g., with the receiving unit 1422), via the microphone unit 1404 of the electronic device 1400, a natural language speech input (e.g., block 1104); derive (e.g., with the deriving unit 1424) a representation of user intent based on the natural language speech input and the audio output; identify (e.g., with the identifying unit 1426) a task based on the derived user intent (e.g., block 1106); and perform (e.g., with the task performing unit 1428) the identified task (e.g., block 1108).


In some examples, the processing unit 1406 is further configured to: identify (e.g., with the identifying unit 1426) one or more parameters associated with the task based on a portion of the audio output (e.g., block 1128), and performing the task includes performing the task based on the identified one or more parameters.


In some examples, the processing unit 1406 is further configured to: in response to receipt of the natural language speech input, identify (e.g., with the identifying unit 1426) the portion of the audio output (e.g., block 1118).


In some examples, providing the audio output comprises providing a speech output indicative of a list of items (e.g., block 1114), and the portion of the audio output is indicative of an item of the list of items.


In some examples, the item is a media item and performing the task comprises performing playback (e.g., using the playback performing unit 1430), via the speaker unit 1402, of the media item (e.g., block 1116).


In some examples, the item is a location, and performing the task comprises providing, via the speaker unit 1402, information associated with the location (e.g., block 1134).


In some examples, providing the audio output comprises performing playback (e.g., using playback performing unit 1430) of media content, and performing the task comprises adjusting playback (e.g., using adjusting unit 1436) of the media content (e.g., block 1136).


In some examples, adjusting playback of the media content comprises: adjusting a volume of the speaker unit 1402 of the electronic device 1400 (e.g., block 1138).


In some examples, adjusting playback of the media content comprises: pausing playback of the media content (e.g., block 1140).


In some examples, the processing unit 1406 is further configured to: in response to receiving the natural language speech input, attenuate (e.g., using the attenuating unit 1432) the audio output.


In some examples, the processing unit 1406 is further configured to: in response to receiving the natural language speech input, cease to provide (e.g., with the providing unit 1420) the audio output (e.g., block 1120).


In some examples, the processing unit 1406 is further configured to: in response to receiving the natural language speech input, determine (e.g., using the determining unit 1434) a type of the audio output (e.g., block 1122), in response to a determination that the audio output is of a first type, adjust (e.g., using the adjusting unit 1436) the audio output (e.g., block 1124); and in response to a determination that the audio output is of a second type different from the first type, cease to provide (e.g., with the providing unit 1420) the audio output (e.g., block 1126).


In some examples, the audio output is a first audio output, and the processing unit 1406 is further configured to: before providing the first audio output, provide (e.g., with the providing unit 1420) a second audio output (e.g., block 1112).


In some examples, the electronic device 1400 is a computer.


In some examples, the electronic device 1400 is a television.


In some examples, the electronic device 1400 is a set-top box.


In some examples, the electronic device 1400 is a speaker.


In some examples, the electronic device 1400 is a smart watch.


In some examples, the electronic device 1400 is a phone.


The operations described above with respect to FIG. 11A-B are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in FIGS. 1-4, 6A-B, 7A, and 14. For example, providing operation 1102, receiving operation 1104, and deriving operation 1106 are optionally implemented by processor(s) 120. It would be clear to a person of ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in FIGS. 1-4, 6A-B, 7A, and 14.


In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 15 shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device 1500 configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments, including those described with reference to FIGS. 8A-D, 9A-G, and 10A-G. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in FIG. 15 are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein.


As shown in FIG. 15, an electronic device 1500 includes a speaker unit 1502, a microphone unit 1504, and a processing unit 1506 coupled to the speaker unit 1502 and the microphone unit 1504. In some embodiments, the processing unit 1506 includes a sampling unit 1520, a providing unit 1522, a receiving unit 1524, a deriving unit 1526, a performing unit 1528, and optionally, an attenuating unit 1532, a determining unit 1534, and an adjusting unit 1536.


In some examples, the processing unit 1506 configured to: sample (e.g., using sampling unit 1520), via the microphone unit 1504 of the electronic device 1500, an audio input, wherein the audio input comprises a spoken trigger (e.g., block 1202); in response to sampling the audio input, provide (e.g., using providing unit 1522), via the speaker unit 1502 of the electronic device 1500, an audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant (e.g., block 1204); while providing the audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant: receive (e.g., using providing unit 1524) a natural language speech input; and derive (e.g., using deriving unit 1524) a representation of user intent based on the natural language speech input (e.g., 1206); and perform (e.g., using performing unit 1528) a task based on the user intent (e.g., 1208).


In some examples, performing the task based on the user intent comprises: while providing the audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant, performing the task based on the user intent (e.g., block 1220).


In some examples, the processing unit 1506 is further configured to: while providing the audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant, output, via the speaker unit 1502, one or more results based on the performed task (e.g., block 1208).


In some examples, the processing unit 1506 is further configured to: cease to provide (e.g., using providing unit 1522) the audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant after passage of a predefined period of time after providing the one or more results based on the performed task (e.g., block 1210).


In some examples, the audio output is indicative of an active state of the automated assistant.


In some examples, the audio output is a continuous sound.


In some examples, the audio output comprises white noise.


In some examples, the audio output comprises sound of running water.


In some examples, providing the audio output comprises attenuating (e.g., using attenuating unit 1532) the audio output over a period of time (e.g., block 1210).


In some examples, the audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant is a first audio output, and the processing unit 1506 is further configured to: while providing the first audio output, provide (e.g., using providing unit 1522) a second audio output indicative of an ongoing processing of a user request (e.g., block 1212).


In some examples, the audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant is a first audio output, and the processing unit 1506 is further configured to: while providing the first audio output, provide (e.g., using providing unit 1522) a third audio output indicative of a completed processing of a user request (e.g., block 1214).


In some examples, the audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant is a first audio output, and the processing unit 1506 is further configured to: while providing the first audio output, provide (e.g., using providing unit 1522) a fourth audio output indicative of an acknowledgement of the spoken trigger (e.g., block 1216).


In some examples, the audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant is a first audio output, and the processing unit 1506 is further configured to: while providing the first audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant, provide (e.g., using providing unit 1522) a fifth audio output indicative of an error (e.g., block 1218).


In some examples, the audio input is the first audio input, and the processing unit 1506 is further configured to: determine (e.g., using determining unit 1534) a user context (e.g., block 1222); after performing the task, receiving (e.g., using providing unit 1524) a second audio input, wherein the second audio input does not comprise a spoken trigger (e.g., block 1224); derive (e.g., using deriving unit 1524) a representation of another user intent based on the second audio input and the user context (e.g., block 1226); and perform (e.g., using performing unit 1528) another task based on the another user intent (e.g., block 1228).


In some examples, the user context is based on the natural language speech input, the user intent, the task, or a combination thereof.


In some examples, the processing unit 1506 is further configured to: after sampling, via the microphone unit 1504 of the electronic device 1500, the audio input, determine (e.g., using determining unit 1534) a current context (e.g., block 1212); adjust (e.g., using adjusting unit 1536) the audio output based on the determined current context (e.g., block 1214).


In some examples, the current context comprises a current time, and adjusting the audio output comprises adjusting a volume of the audio output.


In some examples, the audio output indicative of a state of the automated assistant is based on a type of the electronic device 1500.


In some examples, the electronic device 1500 is a computer.


In some examples, the electronic device 1500 is a television.


In some examples, the electronic device 1500 is a set-top box.


In some examples, the electronic device 1500 is a speaker.


In some examples, the electronic device 1500 is a smart watch.


In some examples, the electronic device 1500 is a phone.


The operations described above with respect to FIG. 12 are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in FIGS. 1-4, 6A-B, 7A, and 15. For example, sampling operation 1202, providing operation 1204, and receiving and deriving operations 1206 are optionally implemented by processor(s) 120. It would be clear to a person of ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in FIGS. 1-4, 6A-B, 7A, and 15.


In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 16 shows a functional block diagram of an electronic device 1600 configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments, including those described with reference to FIGS. 8A-D, 9A-G, and 10A-G. The functional blocks of the device are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described embodiments. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in FIG. 16 are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described embodiments. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein.


As shown in FIG. 16, an electronic device 1600 includes a speaker unit 1602 and a processing unit 1606 coupled to the speaker unit 1602. In some embodiments, the processing unit 1606 includes a receiving unit 1620, a providing unit 1622, and optionally, an identifying unit 1624.


In some examples, the processing unit 1606 configured to: receive (e.g., using receiving unit 1620) a first natural language speech input indicative of content (e.g., block 1302); provide (e.g., using providing unit 1622), via the speaker unit 1602, a first audio output, wherein the audio output comprises a plurality of formats for presenting the content (e.g., block 1304); receive (e.g., using receiving unit 1620) a second natural language speech input indicative of a selection of a format of the plurality of formats (e.g., block 1306); and provide (e.g., using providing unit 1622), via the speaker unit 1602, a second audio output comprising a presentation of the content in the selected format of the plurality of formats (e.g., block 1308).


In some examples, the first audio output further comprises information describing the content.


In some examples, the information describing the content comprises information indicative of a size of the content.


In some examples, the first audio input is based on context information.


In some examples, the context information is based on a type of the electronic device 1600.


In some examples, the plurality of formats comprises one or more of: an entirety of the content, a summary of the content, a portion of the content, a paraphrase of the content, or a combination thereof.


In some examples, the first audio output further comprises one or more exemplary inputs.


In some examples, the processing unit 1606 is further configured to: receive (e.g., using receiving unit 1620) a user request to repeat the second audio output (e.g., block 1316); in response to receiving the user request, provide (e.g., using providing unit 1622) a third audio output different from the second audio output (e.g., block 1320).


In some examples, providing the second audio output comprises providing the content at a first rate (e.g., block 1310), and providing the third audio output comprises providing the content at a second rate different from the first rate (e.g., block 1322).


In some examples, providing the second audio output comprises providing the content at a first volume (e.g., block 1312), and providing the third audio output comprises providing the content at a second volume different from the first volume (e.g., block 1324).


In some examples, providing the second audio output comprises providing the content in a first language (e.g., block 1314), and providing the third audio output comprises providing the content in a second language different from the first language (e.g., block 1326).


In some examples, the processing unit 1606 is further configured to: identify (e.g., using identifying unit 1624) a domain associated with the second audio output; and the third audio output is based on the identified domain.


In some examples, the electronic device 1600 is a computer.


In some examples, the electronic device 1600 is a television.


In some examples, the electronic device 1600 is a set-top box.


In some examples, the electronic device 1600 is a speaker.


In some examples, the electronic device 1600 is a smart watch.


In some examples, the electronic device 1600 is a phone.


The operations described above with respect to FIG. 13A-B are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in FIGS. 1-4, 6A-B, 7A, and 16. For example, receiving operation 1302 and providing operation 1304 are optionally implemented by processor(s) 120. It would be clear to a person of ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in FIGS. 1-4, 6A-B, 7A, and 13.


In accordance with some implementations, a computer-readable storage medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer readable storage medium) is provided, the computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs for execution by one or more processors of an electronic device, the one or more programs including instructions for performing any of the methods or processes described herein.


In accordance with some implementations, an electronic device (e.g., a portable electronic device) is provided that comprises means for performing any of the methods or processes described herein.


In accordance with some implementations, an electronic device (e.g., a portable electronic device) is provided that comprises a processing unit configured to perform any of the methods or processes described herein.


In accordance with some implementations, an electronic device (e.g., a portable electronic device) is provided that comprises one or more processors and memory storing one or more programs for execution by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for performing any of the methods or processes described herein.


The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, the illustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the techniques and their practical applications. Others skilled in the art are thereby enabled to best utilize the techniques and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.


Although the disclosure and examples have been fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that various changes and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications are to be understood as being included within the scope of the disclosure and examples as defined by the claims.

Claims
  • 1. An electronic device for operating an automated assistant, the electronic device comprising: one or more processors;a memory;a speaker;a microphone; andone or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, the one or more programs including instructions for: providing, via the speaker of the electronic device, an audio output;while providing the audio output via the speaker of the electronic device, receiving, via the microphone of the electronic device, a natural language speech input;in response to receiving the natural language speech input, determining a type of the audio output;in response to a determination that the audio output is of a first type, adjusting the audio output;in response to a determination that the audio output is of a second type different from the first type, ceasing to provide the audio output;deriving a representation of user intent based on the natural language speech input and the audio output;identifying a task based on the derived user intent; andperforming the identified task.
  • 2. The electronic device of claim 1, the one or more programs further including instructions for: identifying one or more parameters associated with the task based on a portion of the audio output;wherein performing the task includes performing the task based on the identified one or more parameters.
  • 3. The electronic device of claim 2, the one or more programs further including instructions for: in response to receipt of the natural language speech input, identifying the portion of the audio output.
  • 4. The electronic device of claim 2, wherein providing the audio output comprises providing a speech output indicative of a list of items, andwherein the portion of the audio output is indicative of an item of the list of items.
  • 5. The electronic device of claim 4, wherein the item is a media item, andwherein performing the task comprises performing playback, via the speaker, of the media item.
  • 6. The electronic device of claim 4, wherein the item is a location, andwherein performing the task comprises providing, via the speaker, information associated with the location.
  • 7. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein providing the audio output comprises performing playback of media content, andwherein performing the task comprises adjusting playback of the media content.
  • 8. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein adjusting playback of the media content comprises: adjusting a volume of the speaker of the electronic device.
  • 9. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein adjusting playback of the media content comprises: pausing playback of the media content.
  • 10. The electronic device of claim 1wherein adjusting the audio output comprises attenuating the audio output.
  • 11. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the audio output is a first audio output, the one or more programs further including instructions for: before providing the first audio output, providing a second audio output.
  • 12. A method for operating an automated assistant, the method comprising: at an electronic device with a speaker and a microphone, providing, via the speaker of the electronic device, an audio output;while providing the audio output via the speaker of the electronic device, receiving, via the microphone of the electronic device, a natural language speech input;in response to receiving the natural language speech input, determining a type of the audio output;in response to a determination that the audio output is of a first type, adjusting the audio output;in response to a determination that the audio output is of a second type different from the first type, ceasing to provide the audio output;deriving a representation of user intent based on the natural language speech input and the audio output;identifying a task based on the derived user intent; andperforming the identified task.
  • 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising: identifying one or more parameters associated with the task based on a portion of the audio output;wherein performing the task includes performing the task based on the identified one or more parameters.
  • 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising: in response to receipt of the natural language speech input, identifying the portion of the audio output.
  • 15. The method of claim 13, wherein providing the audio output comprises providing a speech output indicative of a list of items, andwherein the portion of the audio output is indicative of an item of the list of items.
  • 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the item is a media item, andwherein performing the task comprises performing playback, via the speaker, of the media item.
  • 17. The method of claim 15, wherein the item is a location, andwherein performing the task comprises providing, via the speaker, information associated with the location.
  • 18. The method of claim 12, wherein providing the audio output comprises performing playback of media content, andwherein performing the task comprises adjusting playback of the media content.
  • 19. The method of claim 18, wherein adjusting playback of the media content comprises: adjusting a volume of the speaker of the electronic device.
  • 20. The method of claim 18, wherein adjusting playback of the media content comprises: pausing playback of the media content.
  • 21. The method of claim 12, wherein adjusting the audio output comprises attenuating the audio output.
  • 22. The method of claim 12, wherein the audio output is a first audio output, the method further comprising: before providing the first audio output, providing a second audio output.
  • 23. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs, the one or more programs comprising instructions, which when executed by one or more processors of an electronic device, cause the device to: provide, via a speaker of the electronic device, an audio output;while providing the audio output via the speaker of the electronic device, receive, via a microphone of the electronic device, a natural language speech input;in response to receiving the natural language speech input, determine a type of the audio output;in response to a determination that the audio output is of a first type, adjust the audio output;in response to a determination that the audio output is of a second type different from the first type, cease to provide the audio output; derive a representation of user intent based on the natural language speech input and the audio output;identify a task based on the derived user intent; andperform the identified task.
  • 24. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 23, the one or more programs further comprising instructions, which when executed by one or more processors of the electronic device, cause the device to: identify one or more parameters associated with the task based on a portion of the audio output;wherein performing the task includes performing the task based on the identified one or more parameters.
  • 25. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 24, the one or more programs further comprising instructions, which when executed by one or more processors of the electronic device, cause the device to: in response to receipt of the natural language speech input, identify he portion of the audio output.
  • 26. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 24, wherein providing the audio output comprises providing a speech output indicative of a list of items, andwherein the portion of the audio output is indicative of an item of the list of items.
  • 27. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 26, wherein the item is a media item, andwherein performing the task comprises performing playback, via the speaker, of the media item.
  • 28. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 26, wherein the item is a location, andwherein performing the task comprises providing, via the speaker, information associated with the location.
  • 29. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 23, wherein providing the audio output comprises performing playback of media content, andwherein performing the task comprises adjusting playback of the media content.
  • 30. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 29, wherein adjusting playback of the media content comprises: adjusting a volume of the speaker of the electronic device.
  • 31. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 29, wherein adjusting playback of the media content comprises: pausing playback of the media content.
  • 32. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 23, wherein adjusting the audio output comprises attenuating the audio output.
  • 33. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 23, wherein the audio output is a first audio output, the one or more programs further comprising instructions, which when executed by one or more processors of the electronic device, cause the device to: before providing the first audio output, provide a second audio output.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/399,232, “INTELLIGENT AUTOMATED ASSISTANT,” filed on Sep. 23, 2016. The content of this application is hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes.

US Referenced Citations (4291)
Number Name Date Kind
6011585 Anderson Jan 2000 A
6014428 Wolf Jan 2000 A
6016471 Kuhn et al. Jan 2000 A
6017219 Adams, Jr. et al. Jan 2000 A
6018705 Gaudet Jan 2000 A
6018711 French-St. George et al. Jan 2000 A
6020881 Naughton et al. Feb 2000 A
6023536 Visser Feb 2000 A
6023676 Erell Feb 2000 A
6023684 Pearson Feb 2000 A
6024288 Gottlich et al. Feb 2000 A
6026345 Shah et al. Feb 2000 A
6026375 Hall et al. Feb 2000 A
6026388 Liddy et al. Feb 2000 A
6026393 Gupta et al. Feb 2000 A
6029132 Kuhn et al. Feb 2000 A
6029135 Krasle Feb 2000 A
6035267 Watanabe et al. Mar 2000 A
6035303 Baer et al. Mar 2000 A
6035336 Lu et al. Mar 2000 A
6038533 Buchsbaum et al. Mar 2000 A
6040824 Maekawa et al. Mar 2000 A
6041023 Lakhansingh Mar 2000 A
6047255 Williamson Apr 2000 A
6047300 Walfish et al. Apr 2000 A
6052654 Gaudet et al. Apr 2000 A
6052656 Suda et al. Apr 2000 A
6054990 Tran Apr 2000 A
6055514 Wren Apr 2000 A
6055531 Bennett et al. Apr 2000 A
6061646 Martino et al. May 2000 A
6064767 Muir et al. May 2000 A
6064951 Park et al. May 2000 A
6064959 Young et al. May 2000 A
6064960 Bellegarda et al. May 2000 A
6064963 Gainsboro May 2000 A
6067519 Lowry May 2000 A
6067520 Lee May 2000 A
6069648 Suso et al. May 2000 A
6070138 Iwata May 2000 A
6070139 Miyazawa et al. May 2000 A
6070140 Tran May 2000 A
6070147 Harms et al. May 2000 A
6073033 Campo Jun 2000 A
6073036 Heikkinen et al. Jun 2000 A
6073091 Kanevsky et al. Jun 2000 A
6073097 Gould et al. Jun 2000 A
6076051 Messerly et al. Jun 2000 A
6076060 Lin et al. Jun 2000 A
6076088 Paik et al. Jun 2000 A
6078885 Beutnagel Jun 2000 A
6078914 Redfern Jun 2000 A
6081750 Hoffberg et al. Jun 2000 A
6081774 de Hita et al. Jun 2000 A
6081780 Lumelsky Jun 2000 A
6081782 Rabin Jun 2000 A
6085204 Chijiwa et al. Jul 2000 A
6088671 Gould et al. Jul 2000 A
6088731 Kiraly et al. Jul 2000 A
6092036 Hamann et al. Jul 2000 A
6092038 Kanevsky et al. Jul 2000 A
6092043 Squires et al. Jul 2000 A
6094649 Bowen et al. Jul 2000 A
6097391 Wilcox Aug 2000 A
6101468 Gould et al. Aug 2000 A
6101470 Eide et al. Aug 2000 A
6105865 Hardesty Aug 2000 A
6108627 Sabourin Aug 2000 A
6108640 Slotznick Aug 2000 A
6111562 Downs et al. Aug 2000 A
6111572 Blair et al. Aug 2000 A
6115686 Chung et al. Sep 2000 A
6116907 Baker et al. Sep 2000 A
6119101 Peckover Sep 2000 A
6121960 Carroll et al. Sep 2000 A
6122340 Darley et al. Sep 2000 A
6122614 Kahn et al. Sep 2000 A
6122616 Henton Sep 2000 A
6122647 Horowitz et al. Sep 2000 A
6125284 Moore et al. Sep 2000 A
6125346 Nishimura et al. Sep 2000 A
6125356 Brockman et al. Sep 2000 A
6129582 Wilhite et al. Oct 2000 A
6138098 Shieber et al. Oct 2000 A
6138158 Boyle et al. Oct 2000 A
6141642 Oh Oct 2000 A
6141644 Kuhn et al. Oct 2000 A
6144377 Oppermann et al. Nov 2000 A
6144380 Shwarts et al. Nov 2000 A
6144938 Surace et al. Nov 2000 A
6144939 Pearson et al. Nov 2000 A
6151401 Annaratone Nov 2000 A
6151574 Lee et al. Nov 2000 A
6154551 Frenkel Nov 2000 A
6154720 Onishi et al. Nov 2000 A
6157935 Tran et al. Dec 2000 A
6161084 Messerly et al. Dec 2000 A
6161087 Wightman et al. Dec 2000 A
6161944 Leman Dec 2000 A
6163769 Acero et al. Dec 2000 A
6163809 Buckley Dec 2000 A
6167369 Schulze Dec 2000 A
6169538 Nowlan et al. Jan 2001 B1
6172948 Keller et al. Jan 2001 B1
6173194 Vanttila Jan 2001 B1
6173251 Ito et al. Jan 2001 B1
6173261 Arai et al. Jan 2001 B1
6173263 Conkie Jan 2001 B1
6173279 Levin et al. Jan 2001 B1
6177905 Welch Jan 2001 B1
6177931 Alexander et al. Jan 2001 B1
6179432 Zhang et al. Jan 2001 B1
6182028 Karaali et al. Jan 2001 B1
6182099 Nakasato Jan 2001 B1
6185533 Holm et al. Feb 2001 B1
6188391 Seely et al. Feb 2001 B1
6188967 Kurtzberg et al. Feb 2001 B1
6188999 Moody Feb 2001 B1
6191939 Burnett Feb 2001 B1
6192253 Charlier et al. Feb 2001 B1
6192340 Abecassis Feb 2001 B1
6195641 Loring et al. Feb 2001 B1
6199076 Logan et al. Mar 2001 B1
6205456 Nakao Mar 2001 B1
6208044 Viswanadham et al. Mar 2001 B1
6208932 Ohmura et al. Mar 2001 B1
6208956 Motoyama Mar 2001 B1
6208964 Sabourin Mar 2001 B1
6208967 Pauws et al. Mar 2001 B1
6208971 Bellegarda et al. Mar 2001 B1
6212564 Harter et al. Apr 2001 B1
6216102 Martino et al. Apr 2001 B1
6216131 Liu et al. Apr 2001 B1
6217183 Shipman Apr 2001 B1
6219641 Socaciu Apr 2001 B1
6222347 Gong Apr 2001 B1
6226403 Parthasarathy May 2001 B1
6226533 Akahane May 2001 B1
6226614 Mizuno et al. May 2001 B1
6226655 Borman et al. May 2001 B1
6230322 Saib et al. May 2001 B1
6232539 Looney et al. May 2001 B1
6232966 Kurlander May 2001 B1
6233545 Datig May 2001 B1
6233547 Denber et al. May 2001 B1
6233559 Balakrishnan May 2001 B1
6233578 Machihara et al. May 2001 B1
6237025 Ludwig et al. May 2001 B1
6240303 Katzur May 2001 B1
6243681 Guji et al. Jun 2001 B1
6246981 Papineni et al. Jun 2001 B1
6248946 Dwek Jun 2001 B1
6249606 Kiraly et al. Jun 2001 B1
6259436 Moon et al. Jul 2001 B1
6259826 Pollard et al. Jul 2001 B1
6260011 Heckerman et al. Jul 2001 B1
6260013 Sejnoha Jul 2001 B1
6260016 Holm et al. Jul 2001 B1
6260024 Shkedy Jul 2001 B1
6266098 Cove et al. Jul 2001 B1
6266637 Donovan et al. Jul 2001 B1
6268859 Andresen et al. Jul 2001 B1
6269712 Zentmyer Aug 2001 B1
6271835 Hoeksma Aug 2001 B1
6272456 De Campos Aug 2001 B1
6272464 Kiraz et al. Aug 2001 B1
6275795 Tzirkel-Hancock Aug 2001 B1
6275824 O'Flaherty et al. Aug 2001 B1
6278443 Amro et al. Aug 2001 B1
6278970 Milner Aug 2001 B1
6282507 Horiguchi et al. Aug 2001 B1
6282511 Mayer Aug 2001 B1
6285785 Bellegarda et al. Sep 2001 B1
6285786 Seni et al. Sep 2001 B1
6289085 Miyashita et al. Sep 2001 B1
6289124 Okamoto Sep 2001 B1
6289301 Higginbotham et al. Sep 2001 B1
6289353 Hazlehurst et al. Sep 2001 B1
6292772 Kantrowitz Sep 2001 B1
6292778 Sukkar Sep 2001 B1
6295390 Kobayashi et al. Sep 2001 B1
6295391 Rudd et al. Sep 2001 B1
6295541 Bodnar et al. Sep 2001 B1
6297818 Ulrich et al. Oct 2001 B1
6298314 Blackadar et al. Oct 2001 B1
6298321 Karlov et al. Oct 2001 B1
6300947 Kanevsky Oct 2001 B1
6304844 Pan et al. Oct 2001 B1
6304846 George et al. Oct 2001 B1
6307548 Flinchem et al. Oct 2001 B1
6308149 Gaussier et al. Oct 2001 B1
6310610 Beaton et al. Oct 2001 B1
6311152 Bai et al. Oct 2001 B1
6311157 Strong Oct 2001 B1
6311189 deVries et al. Oct 2001 B1
6314397 Lewis et al. Nov 2001 B1
6317237 Nakao et al. Nov 2001 B1
6317594 Gossman et al. Nov 2001 B1
6317707 Bangalore et al. Nov 2001 B1
6317831 King Nov 2001 B1
6321092 Fitch et al. Nov 2001 B1
6321179 Glance et al. Nov 2001 B1
6321196 Franceschi Nov 2001 B1
6323846 Westerman et al. Nov 2001 B1
6324499 Lewis et al. Nov 2001 B1
6324502 Handel et al. Nov 2001 B1
6324512 Junqua et al. Nov 2001 B1
6324514 Matulich et al. Nov 2001 B2
6330538 Breen Dec 2001 B1
6330539 Takayama et al. Dec 2001 B1
6331867 Eberhard et al. Dec 2001 B1
6332175 Birrell et al. Dec 2001 B1
6334103 Surace et al. Dec 2001 B1
6335722 Tani et al. Jan 2002 B1
6336365 Blackadar et al. Jan 2002 B1
6336727 Kim Jan 2002 B1
6340937 Stepita-Klauco Jan 2002 B1
6341316 Kloba et al. Jan 2002 B1
6343267 Kuhn et al. Jan 2002 B1
6345240 Havens Feb 2002 B1
6345250 Martin Feb 2002 B1
6347296 Friedland Feb 2002 B1
6351522 Vitikainen Feb 2002 B1
6351762 Ludwig et al. Feb 2002 B1
6353442 Masui Mar 2002 B1
6353794 Davis et al. Mar 2002 B1
6356287 Ruberry et al. Mar 2002 B1
6356854 Schubert et al. Mar 2002 B1
6356864 Foltz et al. Mar 2002 B1
6356905 Gershman et al. Mar 2002 B1
6357147 Darley et al. Mar 2002 B1
6359572 Vale Mar 2002 B1
6359970 Burgess Mar 2002 B1
6360227 Aggarwal et al. Mar 2002 B1
6360237 Schulz et al. Mar 2002 B1
6363347 Rozak Mar 2002 B1
6363348 Besling et al. Mar 2002 B1
6366883 Campbell et al. Apr 2002 B1
6366884 Bellegarda et al. Apr 2002 B1
6374217 Bellegarda Apr 2002 B1
6374226 Hunt et al. Apr 2002 B1
6377530 Burrows Apr 2002 B1
6377925 Greene, Jr. et al. Apr 2002 B1
6377928 Saxena et al. Apr 2002 B1
6381593 Yano et al. Apr 2002 B1
6385586 Dietz May 2002 B1
6385662 Moon et al. May 2002 B1
6389114 Dowens et al. May 2002 B1
6397183 Baba et al. May 2002 B1
6397186 Bush et al. May 2002 B1
6400806 Uppaluru Jun 2002 B1
6400996 Hoffberg et al. Jun 2002 B1
6401065 Kanevsky et al. Jun 2002 B1
6401085 Gershman et al. Jun 2002 B1
6405169 Kondo et al. Jun 2002 B1
6405238 Votipka Jun 2002 B1
6408272 White et al. Jun 2002 B1
6411924 De Hita et al. Jun 2002 B1
6411932 Molnar et al. Jun 2002 B1
6415250 Van Den Akker Jul 2002 B1
6417873 Fletcher et al. Jul 2002 B1
6418431 Mahajan et al. Jul 2002 B1
6421305 Gioscia et al. Jul 2002 B1
6421672 McAllister et al. Jul 2002 B1
6421707 Miller et al. Jul 2002 B1
6424944 Hikawa Jul 2002 B1
6430531 Polish Aug 2002 B1
6430551 Thelen et al. Aug 2002 B1
6434522 Tsuboka Aug 2002 B1
6434524 Weber Aug 2002 B1
6434529 Walker et al. Aug 2002 B1
6434604 Harada et al. Aug 2002 B1
6437818 Ludwig et al. Aug 2002 B1
6438523 Oberteuffer et al. Aug 2002 B1
6442518 Van Thong et al. Aug 2002 B1
6442523 Siegel Aug 2002 B1
6446076 Burkey et al. Sep 2002 B1
6448485 Barile Sep 2002 B1
6448986 Smith Sep 2002 B1
6449620 Draper et al. Sep 2002 B1
6453281 Walters et al. Sep 2002 B1
6453292 Ramaswamy et al. Sep 2002 B2
6453312 Goiffon et al. Sep 2002 B1
6453315 Weissman et al. Sep 2002 B1
6456616 Rantanen Sep 2002 B1
6456972 Gladstein et al. Sep 2002 B1
6460015 Hetherington et al. Oct 2002 B1
6460029 Fries et al. Oct 2002 B1
6462778 Abram et al. Oct 2002 B1
6463128 Elwin Oct 2002 B1
6463413 Applebaum et al. Oct 2002 B1
6466654 Cooper et al. Oct 2002 B1
6467924 Shipman Oct 2002 B2
6469712 Hilpert, Jr. et al. Oct 2002 B1
6469722 Kinoe et al. Oct 2002 B1
6469732 Chang et al. Oct 2002 B1
6470347 Gillam Oct 2002 B1
6473630 Baranowski et al. Oct 2002 B1
6473754 Matsubayashi et al. Oct 2002 B1
6477488 Bellegarda Nov 2002 B1
6477494 Hyde-Thomson et al. Nov 2002 B2
6487533 Hyde-Thomson et al. Nov 2002 B2
6487534 Thelen et al. Nov 2002 B1
6487663 Jaisimha et al. Nov 2002 B1
6489951 Wong et al. Dec 2002 B1
6490547 Atkin et al. Dec 2002 B1
6490560 Ramaswamy et al. Dec 2002 B1
6493006 Gourdol et al. Dec 2002 B1
6493428 Hillier Dec 2002 B1
6493652 Ohlenbusch et al. Dec 2002 B1
6493667 De Souza et al. Dec 2002 B1
6499013 Weber Dec 2002 B1
6499014 Chihara Dec 2002 B1
6499016 Anderson et al. Dec 2002 B1
6501937 Ho et al. Dec 2002 B1
6502022 Chastain et al. Dec 2002 B1
6502194 Berman et al. Dec 2002 B1
6504990 Abecassis Jan 2003 B1
6505155 Vanbuskirk et al. Jan 2003 B1
6505158 Conkie Jan 2003 B1
6505175 Silverman et al. Jan 2003 B1
6505183 Loofbourrow et al. Jan 2003 B1
6507829 Richards et al. Jan 2003 B1
6510406 Marchisio Jan 2003 B1
6510412 Sasai et al. Jan 2003 B1
6510417 Woods et al. Jan 2003 B1
6513006 Howard et al. Jan 2003 B2
6513008 Pearson et al. Jan 2003 B2
6513063 Julia et al. Jan 2003 B1
6519565 Clements et al. Feb 2003 B1
6519566 Boyer et al. Feb 2003 B1
6523026 Gillis Feb 2003 B1
6523061 Halverson et al. Feb 2003 B1
6523172 Martinez-Guerra et al. Feb 2003 B1
6526351 Whitham Feb 2003 B2
6526382 Yuschik Feb 2003 B1
6526395 Morris Feb 2003 B1
6529592 Khan Mar 2003 B1
6529608 Gersabeck et al. Mar 2003 B2
6532444 Weber Mar 2003 B1
6532446 King Mar 2003 B1
6535610 Stewart Mar 2003 B1
6535852 Eide Mar 2003 B2
6535983 McCormack et al. Mar 2003 B1
6536139 Darley et al. Mar 2003 B2
6538665 Crow et al. Mar 2003 B2
6542171 Satou et al. Apr 2003 B1
6542584 Sherwood et al. Apr 2003 B1
6542868 Badt et al. Apr 2003 B1
6546262 Freadman Apr 2003 B1
6546367 Otsuka Apr 2003 B2
6546388 Edlund et al. Apr 2003 B1
6549497 Miyamoto et al. Apr 2003 B2
6553343 Kagoshima et al. Apr 2003 B1
6553344 Bellegarda et al. Apr 2003 B2
6556971 Rigsby et al. Apr 2003 B1
6556983 Altschuler et al. Apr 2003 B1
6560903 Darley May 2003 B1
6563769 Van Der Meulen May 2003 B1
6564186 Kiraly et al. May 2003 B1
6567549 Marianetti et al. May 2003 B1
6570557 Westerman et al. May 2003 B1
6570596 Frederiksen May 2003 B2
6582342 Kaufman Jun 2003 B2
6583806 Ludwig et al. Jun 2003 B2
6584464 Warthen Jun 2003 B1
6587403 Keller et al. Jul 2003 B1
6587404 Keller et al. Jul 2003 B1
6590303 Austin et al. Jul 2003 B1
6591379 LeVine et al. Jul 2003 B1
6594673 Smith et al. Jul 2003 B1
6594688 Ludwig et al. Jul 2003 B2
6597345 Hirshberg Jul 2003 B2
6598021 Shambaugh et al. Jul 2003 B1
6598022 Yuschik Jul 2003 B2
6598039 Livowsky Jul 2003 B1
6598054 Schuetze et al. Jul 2003 B2
6601026 Appelt et al. Jul 2003 B2
6601234 Bowman-Amuah Jul 2003 B1
6603837 Kesanupalli et al. Aug 2003 B1
6604059 Strubbe et al. Aug 2003 B2
6606101 Malamud et al. Aug 2003 B1
6606388 Townsend et al. Aug 2003 B1
6606632 Saulpaugh et al. Aug 2003 B1
6611789 Darley Aug 2003 B1
6615172 Bennett et al. Sep 2003 B1
6615175 Gazdzinski Sep 2003 B1
6615176 Lewis et al. Sep 2003 B2
6615220 Austin et al. Sep 2003 B1
6621768 Keller et al. Sep 2003 B1
6621892 Banister et al. Sep 2003 B1
6622121 Crepy et al. Sep 2003 B1
6622136 Russell Sep 2003 B2
6622148 Noble et al. Sep 2003 B1
6623529 Lakritz Sep 2003 B1
6625583 Silverman et al. Sep 2003 B1
6628808 Bach et al. Sep 2003 B1
6631186 Adams et al. Oct 2003 B1
6631346 Karaorman et al. Oct 2003 B1
6633741 Posa et al. Oct 2003 B1
6633846 Bennett et al. Oct 2003 B1
6633932 Bork et al. Oct 2003 B1
6642940 Dakss et al. Nov 2003 B1
6643401 Kashioka et al. Nov 2003 B1
6643824 Bates et al. Nov 2003 B1
6647260 Dusse et al. Nov 2003 B2
6650735 Burton et al. Nov 2003 B2
6651042 Field et al. Nov 2003 B1
6651218 Adler et al. Nov 2003 B1
6654740 Tokuda et al. Nov 2003 B2
6658389 Alpdemir Dec 2003 B1
6658408 Yano et al. Dec 2003 B2
6658577 Huppi et al. Dec 2003 B2
6661438 Shiraishi et al. Dec 2003 B1
6662023 Helle Dec 2003 B1
6665639 Mozer et al. Dec 2003 B2
6665640 Bennett et al. Dec 2003 B1
6665641 Coorman et al. Dec 2003 B1
6671672 Heck Dec 2003 B1
6671683 Kanno Dec 2003 B2
6671856 Gillam Dec 2003 B1
6675169 Bennett et al. Jan 2004 B1
6675233 Du et al. Jan 2004 B1
6677932 Westerman Jan 2004 B1
6680675 Suzuki Jan 2004 B1
6684187 Conkie Jan 2004 B1
6684376 Kerzman et al. Jan 2004 B1
6690387 Zimmerman et al. Feb 2004 B2
6690800 Resnick Feb 2004 B2
6690828 Meyers Feb 2004 B2
6690956 Chua et al. Feb 2004 B2
6691064 Vroman Feb 2004 B2
6691090 Laurila et al. Feb 2004 B1
6691111 Lazaridis et al. Feb 2004 B2
6691151 Cheyer et al. Feb 2004 B1
6694295 Lindholm et al. Feb 2004 B2
6694297 Sato Feb 2004 B2
6697780 Beutnagel et al. Feb 2004 B1
6697824 Bowman-Amuah Feb 2004 B1
6701294 Ball et al. Mar 2004 B1
6701305 Holt et al. Mar 2004 B1
6701318 Fox et al. Mar 2004 B2
6704015 Bovarnick et al. Mar 2004 B1
6704034 Rodriguez et al. Mar 2004 B1
6704698 Paulsen, Jr. et al. Mar 2004 B1
6704710 Strong Mar 2004 B2
6708153 Brittan et al. Mar 2004 B2
6711585 Copperman et al. Mar 2004 B1
6714221 Christie et al. Mar 2004 B1
6716139 Hosseinzadeh-Dolkhani et al. Apr 2004 B1
6718324 Edlund et al. Apr 2004 B2
6718331 Davis et al. Apr 2004 B2
6720980 Lui et al. Apr 2004 B1
6721728 McGreevy Apr 2004 B2
6721734 Subasic et al. Apr 2004 B1
6724370 Dutta et al. Apr 2004 B2
6725197 Wuppermann et al. Apr 2004 B1
6728675 Maddalozzo, Jr. et al. Apr 2004 B1
6728681 Whitham Apr 2004 B2
6728729 Jawa et al. Apr 2004 B1
6731312 Robbin May 2004 B2
6732142 Bates et al. May 2004 B1
6735562 Zhang et al. May 2004 B1
6735632 Kiraly et al. May 2004 B1
6738738 Henton May 2004 B2
6738742 Badt et al. May 2004 B2
6741264 Lesser May 2004 B1
6742021 Halverson et al. May 2004 B1
6751592 Shiga Jun 2004 B1
6751595 Busayapongchai et al. Jun 2004 B2
6751621 Calistri-Yeh et al. Jun 2004 B1
6754504 Reed Jun 2004 B1
6757362 Cooper et al. Jun 2004 B1
6757365 Bogard Jun 2004 B1
6757646 Marchisio Jun 2004 B2
6757653 Buth et al. Jun 2004 B2
6757718 Halverson et al. Jun 2004 B1
6760412 Loucks Jul 2004 B1
6760700 Lewis et al. Jul 2004 B2
6760754 Isaacs et al. Jul 2004 B1
6762741 Weindorf Jul 2004 B2
6762777 Carroll Jul 2004 B2
6763089 Feigenbaum Jul 2004 B2
6766294 MacGinite et al. Jul 2004 B2
6766295 Murveit et al. Jul 2004 B1
6766320 Wang et al. Jul 2004 B1
6766324 Carlson et al. Jul 2004 B2
6768979 Menendez-Pidal et al. Jul 2004 B1
6771982 Toupin Aug 2004 B1
6772123 Cooklev et al. Aug 2004 B2
6772195 Hatlelid et al. Aug 2004 B1
6772394 Kamada Aug 2004 B1
6775358 Breitenbach et al. Aug 2004 B1
6778951 Contractor Aug 2004 B1
6778952 Bellegarda Aug 2004 B2
6778962 Kasai et al. Aug 2004 B1
6778970 Au Aug 2004 B2
6778979 Grefenstette et al. Aug 2004 B2
6782510 Gross et al. Aug 2004 B1
6784901 Harvey et al. Aug 2004 B1
6785869 Berstis Aug 2004 B1
6789094 Rudoff et al. Sep 2004 B2
6789231 Reynar et al. Sep 2004 B1
6790704 Doyle et al. Sep 2004 B2
6792082 Levine Sep 2004 B1
6792083 Dams et al. Sep 2004 B2
6792086 Saylor et al. Sep 2004 B1
6792407 Kibre et al. Sep 2004 B2
6794566 Pachet Sep 2004 B2
6795059 Endo Sep 2004 B2
6799162 Goronzy et al. Sep 2004 B1
6799226 Robbin et al. Sep 2004 B1
6801604 Maes et al. Oct 2004 B2
6801964 Mandavi Oct 2004 B1
6803905 Capps et al. Oct 2004 B1
6804649 Miranda Oct 2004 B2
6804677 Shadmon et al. Oct 2004 B2
6807536 Achlioptas et al. Oct 2004 B2
6807574 Partovi et al. Oct 2004 B1
6809724 Shiraishi et al. Oct 2004 B1
6810379 Vermeulen et al. Oct 2004 B1
6813218 Antonelli et al. Nov 2004 B1
6813491 McKinney Nov 2004 B1
6813607 Faruquie et al. Nov 2004 B1
6816578 Kredo et al. Nov 2004 B1
6820055 Saindon et al. Nov 2004 B2
6829018 Lin et al. Dec 2004 B2
6829603 Chai et al. Dec 2004 B1
6832194 Mozer et al. Dec 2004 B1
6832381 Mathur et al. Dec 2004 B1
6836537 Zirngibl et al. Dec 2004 B1
6836651 Segal et al. Dec 2004 B2
6836760 Bellegarda et al. Dec 2004 B1
6839464 Hawkins et al. Jan 2005 B2
6839667 Reich Jan 2005 B2
6839669 Gould et al. Jan 2005 B1
6839670 Stammler et al. Jan 2005 B1
6839742 Dyer et al. Jan 2005 B1
6842767 Partovi et al. Jan 2005 B1
6847966 Sommer et al. Jan 2005 B1
6847979 Allemang et al. Jan 2005 B2
6850775 Berg Feb 2005 B1
6850887 Epstein et al. Feb 2005 B2
6851115 Cheyer et al. Feb 2005 B1
6856259 Sharp Feb 2005 B1
6857800 Zhang et al. Feb 2005 B2
6859931 Cheyer et al. Feb 2005 B1
6862568 Case Mar 2005 B2
6862710 Marchisio Mar 2005 B1
6862713 Kraft et al. Mar 2005 B1
6865533 Addison et al. Mar 2005 B2
6868045 Schroder Mar 2005 B1
6868385 Gerson Mar 2005 B1
6870529 Davis Mar 2005 B1
6871346 Kumbalimutt et al. Mar 2005 B1
6873953 Lennig Mar 2005 B1
6873986 McConnell et al. Mar 2005 B2
6876947 Darley et al. Apr 2005 B1
6877003 Ho et al. Apr 2005 B2
6879957 Pechter et al. Apr 2005 B1
6882335 Saarinen Apr 2005 B2
6882337 Shetter Apr 2005 B2
6882747 Thawonmas et al. Apr 2005 B2
6882955 Ohlenbusch et al. Apr 2005 B1
6882971 Craner Apr 2005 B2
6885734 Eberle et al. Apr 2005 B1
6889361 Bates et al. May 2005 B1
6895084 Saylor et al. May 2005 B1
6895257 Boman et al. May 2005 B2
6895380 Sepe, Jr. May 2005 B2
6895558 Loveland May 2005 B1
6898550 Blackadar et al. May 2005 B1
6901364 Nguyen et al. May 2005 B2
6901399 Corston et al. May 2005 B1
6904405 Suominen Jun 2005 B2
6907112 Guedalia et al. Jun 2005 B1
6907140 Matsugu et al. Jun 2005 B2
6910004 Tarbouriech et al. Jun 2005 B2
6910007 Stylianou et al. Jun 2005 B2
6910012 Hartley et al. Jun 2005 B2
6910186 Kim Jun 2005 B2
6911971 Suzuki et al. Jun 2005 B2
6912407 Clarke et al. Jun 2005 B1
6912498 Stevens et al. Jun 2005 B2
6912499 Sabourin et al. Jun 2005 B1
6915138 Kraft Jul 2005 B2
6915246 Gusler et al. Jul 2005 B2
6915294 Singh et al. Jul 2005 B1
6917373 Vong et al. Jul 2005 B2
6918677 Shipman Jul 2005 B2
6924828 Hirsch Aug 2005 B1
6925438 Mohamed et al. Aug 2005 B2
6928149 Panjwani et al. Aug 2005 B1
6928614 Everhart Aug 2005 B1
6931255 Mekuria Aug 2005 B2
6931384 Horvitz et al. Aug 2005 B1
6932708 Yamashita et al. Aug 2005 B2
6933928 Lilienthal et al. Aug 2005 B1
6934394 Anderson Aug 2005 B1
6934684 Alpdemir et al. Aug 2005 B2
6934756 Maes Aug 2005 B2
6934812 Robbin et al. Aug 2005 B1
6937975 Elworthy Aug 2005 B1
6937986 Denenberg et al. Aug 2005 B2
6944593 Kuzunuki et al. Sep 2005 B2
6944846 Ryzhov Sep 2005 B2
6948094 Schultz et al. Sep 2005 B2
6950087 Knox et al. Sep 2005 B2
6950502 Jenkins Sep 2005 B1
6952799 Edwards et al. Oct 2005 B2
6954755 Reisman Oct 2005 B2
6954899 Anderson Oct 2005 B1
6956845 Baker et al. Oct 2005 B2
6957076 Hunzinger Oct 2005 B2
6957183 Malayath et al. Oct 2005 B2
6960734 Park Nov 2005 B1
6961699 Kahn et al. Nov 2005 B1
6961912 Aoki et al. Nov 2005 B2
6963759 Gerson Nov 2005 B1
6963841 Handal et al. Nov 2005 B2
6964023 Maes et al. Nov 2005 B2
6965376 Tani et al. Nov 2005 B2
6965863 Zuberec et al. Nov 2005 B1
6968311 Knockeart et al. Nov 2005 B2
6970820 Junqua et al. Nov 2005 B2
6970881 Mohan et al. Nov 2005 B1
6970915 Partovi et al. Nov 2005 B1
6970935 Maes Nov 2005 B1
6975986 Hartley et al. Dec 2005 B2
6976090 Ben-Shaul et al. Dec 2005 B2
6978127 Bulthuis et al. Dec 2005 B1
6978239 Chu et al. Dec 2005 B2
6980949 Ford Dec 2005 B2
6980953 Kanevsky et al. Dec 2005 B1
6980955 Okutani et al. Dec 2005 B2
6983251 Umemoto et al. Jan 2006 B1
6985858 Frey et al. Jan 2006 B2
6985865 Packingham et al. Jan 2006 B1
6985958 Zwiegincew et al. Jan 2006 B2
6988063 Tokuda et al. Jan 2006 B2
6988071 Gazdzinski Jan 2006 B1
6990450 Case et al. Jan 2006 B2
6996520 Levin Feb 2006 B2
6996531 Korall et al. Feb 2006 B2
6996575 Cox et al. Feb 2006 B2
6999066 Litwiller Feb 2006 B2
6999914 Boerner et al. Feb 2006 B1
6999925 Fischer et al. Feb 2006 B2
6999927 Mozer et al. Feb 2006 B2
7000189 Dutta et al. Feb 2006 B2
7002556 Tsukada et al. Feb 2006 B2
7003099 Zhang et al. Feb 2006 B1
7003457 Halonen et al. Feb 2006 B2
7003463 Maes et al. Feb 2006 B1
7003522 Reynar et al. Feb 2006 B1
7006969 Atal Feb 2006 B2
7006973 Genly et al. Feb 2006 B1
7007026 Wilkinson et al. Feb 2006 B2
7007239 Hawkins et al. Feb 2006 B1
7010581 Brown et al. Mar 2006 B2
7013289 Horn et al. Mar 2006 B2
7013308 Tunstall-Pedoe Mar 2006 B1
7013429 Fujimoto et al. Mar 2006 B2
7015894 Morohoshi Mar 2006 B2
7020685 Chen et al. Mar 2006 B1
7023979 Wu et al. Apr 2006 B1
7024363 Comerford et al. Apr 2006 B1
7024364 Guerra et al. Apr 2006 B2
7024366 Deyoe et al. Apr 2006 B1
7024460 Koopmas et al. Apr 2006 B2
7027568 Simpson et al. Apr 2006 B1
7027974 Busch et al. Apr 2006 B1
7027990 Sussman Apr 2006 B2
7028252 Baru et al. Apr 2006 B1
7030861 Westerman et al. Apr 2006 B1
7031530 Driggs et al. Apr 2006 B2
7031909 Mao et al. Apr 2006 B2
7035794 Sirivara Apr 2006 B2
7035801 Jimenez-Feltstrom Apr 2006 B2
7035807 Brittain et al. Apr 2006 B1
7036128 Julia et al. Apr 2006 B1
7036681 Suda et al. May 2006 B2
7038659 Rajkowski May 2006 B2
7039588 Okutani et al. May 2006 B2
7043420 Ratnaparkhi May 2006 B2
7043422 Gao et al. May 2006 B2
7046230 Zadesky et al. May 2006 B2
7046850 Braspenning et al. May 2006 B2
7047193 Bellegarda May 2006 B1
7050550 Steinbiss et al. May 2006 B2
7050796 Humphrey et al. May 2006 B2
7050976 Packingham May 2006 B1
7050977 Bennett May 2006 B1
7051096 Krawiec et al. May 2006 B1
7054419 Culliss May 2006 B2
7054888 LaChapelle et al. May 2006 B2
7057607 Mayoraz et al. Jun 2006 B2
7058569 Coorman et al. Jun 2006 B2
7058888 Gjerstad et al. Jun 2006 B1
7058889 Trovato et al. Jun 2006 B2
7062223 Gerber et al. Jun 2006 B2
7062225 White Jun 2006 B2
7062428 Hogenhout et al. Jun 2006 B2
7062438 Kobayashi et al. Jun 2006 B2
7065185 Koch Jun 2006 B1
7065485 Chong-White et al. Jun 2006 B1
7069213 Thompson Jun 2006 B2
7069220 Coffman et al. Jun 2006 B2
7069560 Cheyer et al. Jun 2006 B1
7072686 Schrager Jul 2006 B1
7072941 Griffin et al. Jul 2006 B2
7076527 Bellegarda et al. Jul 2006 B2
7079713 Simmons Jul 2006 B2
7082322 Harano Jul 2006 B2
7084758 Cole Aug 2006 B1
7084856 Huppi Aug 2006 B2
7085716 Even et al. Aug 2006 B1
7085723 Ross et al. Aug 2006 B2
7085960 Bouat et al. Aug 2006 B2
7088345 Robinson et al. Aug 2006 B2
7088853 Hiroe et al. Aug 2006 B2
7089292 Roderick et al. Aug 2006 B1
7092370 Jiang et al. Aug 2006 B2
7092887 Mozer et al. Aug 2006 B2
7092928 Elad et al. Aug 2006 B1
7092950 Wong et al. Aug 2006 B2
7093693 Gazdzinski Aug 2006 B1
7095733 Yarlagadda et al. Aug 2006 B1
7096183 Junqua Aug 2006 B2
7100117 Chwa et al. Aug 2006 B1
7103548 Squibbs et al. Sep 2006 B2
7107204 Liu et al. Sep 2006 B1
7110938 Cheng et al. Sep 2006 B1
7110998 Bhandari et al. Sep 2006 B1
7111248 Mulvey et al. Sep 2006 B2
7111774 Song Sep 2006 B2
7112827 Hayakawa et al. Sep 2006 B2
7113803 Dehlin Sep 2006 B2
7113943 Bradford et al. Sep 2006 B2
7115035 Tanaka Oct 2006 B2
7117231 Fischer et al. Oct 2006 B2
7120586 Loui et al. Oct 2006 B2
7120865 Horvitz et al. Oct 2006 B1
7123696 Lowe Oct 2006 B2
7124081 Bellegarda Oct 2006 B1
7124082 Freedman Oct 2006 B2
7124164 Chemtob Oct 2006 B1
7124300 Lemke Oct 2006 B1
7127046 Smith et al. Oct 2006 B1
7127394 Strong et al. Oct 2006 B2
7127396 Chu et al. Oct 2006 B2
7127403 Saylor et al. Oct 2006 B1
7129932 Klarlund et al. Oct 2006 B1
7133900 Szeto Nov 2006 B1
7136710 Hoffberg et al. Nov 2006 B1
7136818 Cosatto et al. Nov 2006 B1
7137126 Coffman et al. Nov 2006 B1
7139697 Häkkinen et al. Nov 2006 B2
7139714 Bennett et al. Nov 2006 B2
7139722 Perrella et al. Nov 2006 B2
7143028 Hillis et al. Nov 2006 B2
7143037 Chestnut Nov 2006 B1
7143038 Katae Nov 2006 B2
7143040 Durston et al. Nov 2006 B2
7146319 Hunt Dec 2006 B2
7146437 Robbin et al. Dec 2006 B2
7149319 Roeck Dec 2006 B2
7149695 Bellegarda Dec 2006 B1
7149964 Cottrille et al. Dec 2006 B1
7152070 Musick et al. Dec 2006 B1
7152093 Ludwig et al. Dec 2006 B2
7154526 Foote et al. Dec 2006 B2
7155668 Holland et al. Dec 2006 B2
7158647 Azima et al. Jan 2007 B2
7159174 Johnson et al. Jan 2007 B2
7162412 Yamada et al. Jan 2007 B2
7162482 Dunning Jan 2007 B1
7165073 Vandersluis Jan 2007 B2
7166791 Robbin et al. Jan 2007 B2
7171350 Lin et al. Jan 2007 B2
7171360 Huang et al. Jan 2007 B2
7174042 Simmons et al. Feb 2007 B1
7174295 Kivimaki Feb 2007 B1
7174297 Guerra et al. Feb 2007 B2
7174298 Sharma Feb 2007 B2
7177794 Mani et al. Feb 2007 B2
7177798 Hsu et al. Feb 2007 B2
7177817 Khosla et al. Feb 2007 B1
7181386 Mohri et al. Feb 2007 B2
7181388 Tian Feb 2007 B2
7184064 Zimmerman et al. Feb 2007 B2
7185276 Keswa Feb 2007 B2
7188085 Pelletier Mar 2007 B2
7190351 Goren Mar 2007 B1
7190794 Hinde Mar 2007 B2
7191118 Bellegarda Mar 2007 B2
7191131 Nagao Mar 2007 B1
7193615 Kim et al. Mar 2007 B2
7194186 Strub et al. Mar 2007 B1
7194413 Mahoney et al. Mar 2007 B2
7194471 Nagatsuka et al. Mar 2007 B1
7194611 Bear et al. Mar 2007 B2
7194699 Thomson et al. Mar 2007 B2
7197120 Luehrig et al. Mar 2007 B2
7197460 Gupta et al. Mar 2007 B1
7200550 Menezes et al. Apr 2007 B2
7200558 Kato et al. Apr 2007 B2
7200559 Wang Apr 2007 B2
7203297 Vitikainen et al. Apr 2007 B2
7203646 Bennett Apr 2007 B2
7206809 Ludwig et al. Apr 2007 B2
7212827 Veschi May 2007 B1
7216008 Sakata May 2007 B2
7216066 Di et al. May 2007 B2
7216073 Lavi et al. May 2007 B2
7216079 Barnard et al. May 2007 B1
7216080 Tsiao et al. May 2007 B2
7218920 Hyon May 2007 B2
7218943 Klassen et al. May 2007 B2
7219063 Schalk et al. May 2007 B2
7219123 Fiechter et al. May 2007 B1
7225125 Bennett et al. May 2007 B2
7228278 Nguyen et al. Jun 2007 B2
7231343 Treadgold et al. Jun 2007 B1
7231597 Braun et al. Jun 2007 B1
7233790 Kjellberg et al. Jun 2007 B2
7233904 Luisi Jun 2007 B2
7234026 Robbin et al. Jun 2007 B2
7236932 Grajski Jun 2007 B1
7240002 Minamino et al. Jul 2007 B2
7243130 Horvitz et al. Jul 2007 B2
7243305 Schabes et al. Jul 2007 B2
7246118 Chastain et al. Jul 2007 B2
7246151 Isaacs et al. Jul 2007 B2
7248900 Deeds et al. Jul 2007 B2
7251313 Miller et al. Jul 2007 B1
7251454 White Jul 2007 B2
7254773 Bates et al. Aug 2007 B2
7257537 Ross et al. Aug 2007 B2
7259752 Simmons Aug 2007 B1
7260529 Lengen Aug 2007 B1
7260567 Parikh et al. Aug 2007 B2
7263373 Mattisson Aug 2007 B2
7266189 Day Sep 2007 B1
7266495 Beaufays et al. Sep 2007 B1
7266496 Wang et al. Sep 2007 B2
7266499 Surace et al. Sep 2007 B2
7269544 Simske Sep 2007 B2
7269556 Kiss et al. Sep 2007 B2
7272224 Normile et al. Sep 2007 B1
7275063 Horn Sep 2007 B2
7277088 Robinson et al. Oct 2007 B2
7277854 Bennett et al. Oct 2007 B2
7277855 Acker et al. Oct 2007 B1
7280958 Pavlov et al. Oct 2007 B2
7283072 Plachta et al. Oct 2007 B1
7283992 Liu et al. Oct 2007 B2
7289102 Hinckley et al. Oct 2007 B2
7290039 Lisitsa et al. Oct 2007 B1
7292579 Morris Nov 2007 B2
7292979 Karas et al. Nov 2007 B2
7292980 August et al. Nov 2007 B1
7296019 Chandrasekar et al. Nov 2007 B1
7296230 Fukatsu et al. Nov 2007 B2
7299033 Kjellberg et al. Nov 2007 B2
7302392 Thenthiruperai et al. Nov 2007 B1
7302394 Baray et al. Nov 2007 B1
7302686 Togawa Nov 2007 B2
7308404 Venkataraman et al. Dec 2007 B2
7308408 Stifelman et al. Dec 2007 B1
7310329 Vieri et al. Dec 2007 B2
7310600 Garner et al. Dec 2007 B1
7310605 Janakiraman et al. Dec 2007 B2
7313514 Rose et al. Dec 2007 B2
7313523 Bellegarda et al. Dec 2007 B1
7315809 Xun Jan 2008 B2
7315818 Stevens et al. Jan 2008 B2
7318020 Kim Jan 2008 B1
7319957 Robinson et al. Jan 2008 B2
7321783 Kim, II Jan 2008 B2
7322023 Shulman et al. Jan 2008 B2
7324833 White et al. Jan 2008 B2
7324947 Jordan et al. Jan 2008 B2
7328155 Endo et al. Feb 2008 B2
7328250 Wang et al. Feb 2008 B2
7333998 Heckerman et al. Feb 2008 B2
7345670 Armstrong Mar 2008 B2
7345671 Robbin et al. Mar 2008 B2
7349953 Lisitsa et al. Mar 2008 B2
7353139 Burrell et al. Apr 2008 B1
7359493 Wang et al. Apr 2008 B1
7359671 Richenstein et al. Apr 2008 B2
7359851 Tong et al. Apr 2008 B2
7360158 Beeman Apr 2008 B1
7362738 Taube et al. Apr 2008 B2
7363227 Mapes-Riordan et al. Apr 2008 B2
7363586 Briggs et al. Apr 2008 B1
7365260 Kawashima Apr 2008 B2
7366461 Brown Apr 2008 B1
7369984 Fairweather May 2008 B2
7373291 Garst May 2008 B2
7373612 Risch et al. May 2008 B2
7376556 Bennett May 2008 B2
7376632 Sadek et al. May 2008 B1
7376645 Bernard May 2008 B2
7378963 Begault et al. May 2008 B1
7379874 Schmid et al. May 2008 B2
7380203 Keely et al. May 2008 B2
7383170 Mills et al. Jun 2008 B2
7386110 Petrunka et al. Jun 2008 B2
7386438 Franz et al. Jun 2008 B1
7386449 Sun et al. Jun 2008 B2
7386799 Clanton et al. Jun 2008 B1
7389224 Elworthy Jun 2008 B1
7389225 Jensen et al. Jun 2008 B1
7392185 Bennett Jun 2008 B2
7394947 Li et al. Jul 2008 B2
7398209 Kennewick et al. Jul 2008 B2
7401300 Nurmi Jul 2008 B2
7403938 Harrison et al. Jul 2008 B2
7403941 Bedworth et al. Jul 2008 B2
7404143 Freelander et al. Jul 2008 B2
7409337 Potter et al. Aug 2008 B1
7409347 Bellegarda Aug 2008 B1
7412389 Yang Aug 2008 B2
7412470 Masuno et al. Aug 2008 B2
7415100 Cooper et al. Aug 2008 B2
7415469 Singh et al. Aug 2008 B2
7418382 Maes Aug 2008 B1
7418389 Chu et al. Aug 2008 B2
7418392 Mozer et al. Aug 2008 B1
7426467 Nashida et al. Sep 2008 B2
7426468 Coifman et al. Sep 2008 B2
7427024 Gazdzinski et al. Sep 2008 B1
7428541 Houle Sep 2008 B2
7430508 Williamson et al. Sep 2008 B2
7433869 Gollapudi Oct 2008 B2
7433921 Ludwig et al. Oct 2008 B2
7436947 Wadler et al. Oct 2008 B2
7441184 Frerebeau et al. Oct 2008 B2
7443316 Lim Oct 2008 B2
7444589 Zellner Oct 2008 B2
7447360 Li et al. Nov 2008 B2
7447624 Fuhrmann et al. Nov 2008 B2
7447635 Konopka et al. Nov 2008 B1
7447637 Grant et al. Nov 2008 B1
7451081 Gajic et al. Nov 2008 B1
7454351 Jeschke et al. Nov 2008 B2
7460652 Chang Dec 2008 B2
7461043 Hess Dec 2008 B2
7467087 Gillick et al. Dec 2008 B1
7467164 Marsh Dec 2008 B2
7472061 Alewine et al. Dec 2008 B1
7472065 Aaron et al. Dec 2008 B2
7475010 Chao Jan 2009 B2
7475015 Epstein et al. Jan 2009 B2
7475063 Datta et al. Jan 2009 B2
7477238 Fux et al. Jan 2009 B2
7477240 Yanagisawa Jan 2009 B2
7478037 Strong Jan 2009 B2
7478091 Mojsilovic et al. Jan 2009 B2
7478129 Chemtob Jan 2009 B1
7479948 Kim et al. Jan 2009 B2
7479949 Jobs et al. Jan 2009 B2
7483832 Tischer Jan 2009 B2
7483894 Cao Jan 2009 B2
7487089 Mozer Feb 2009 B2
7487093 Mutsuno et al. Feb 2009 B2
7490034 Finnigan et al. Feb 2009 B2
7490039 Shaffer et al. Feb 2009 B1
7493251 Gao et al. Feb 2009 B2
7493560 Kipnes et al. Feb 2009 B1
7496498 Chu et al. Feb 2009 B2
7496512 Zhao et al. Feb 2009 B2
7499923 Kawatani Mar 2009 B2
7502738 Kennewick et al. Mar 2009 B2
7505795 Lim et al. Mar 2009 B1
7508324 Suraqui Mar 2009 B2
7508373 Lin et al. Mar 2009 B2
7516123 Betz et al. Apr 2009 B2
7519327 White Apr 2009 B2
7519398 Hirose Apr 2009 B2
7522927 Fitch et al. Apr 2009 B2
7523036 Akabane et al. Apr 2009 B2
7523108 Cao Apr 2009 B2
7526466 Au Apr 2009 B2
7526738 Ording et al. Apr 2009 B2
7528713 Singh et al. May 2009 B2
7529671 Rockenbeck et al. May 2009 B2
7529676 Koyama May 2009 B2
7535997 McQuaide, Jr. et al. May 2009 B1
7536029 Choi et al. May 2009 B2
7536565 Girish et al. May 2009 B2
7538685 Cooper et al. May 2009 B1
7539619 Seligman et al. May 2009 B1
7539656 Fratkina et al. May 2009 B2
7541940 Upton Jun 2009 B2
7542967 Hurst-Hiller et al. Jun 2009 B2
7542971 Thione et al. Jun 2009 B2
7543232 Easton, Jr. et al. Jun 2009 B2
7546382 Healey et al. Jun 2009 B2
7546529 Reynar et al. Jun 2009 B2
7548895 Pulsipher Jun 2009 B2
7552045 Barliga et al. Jun 2009 B2
7552055 Lecoeuche Jun 2009 B2
7555431 Bennett Jun 2009 B2
7555496 Lantrip et al. Jun 2009 B1
7558381 Ali et al. Jul 2009 B1
7558730 Davis et al. Jul 2009 B2
7559026 Girish et al. Jul 2009 B2
7561069 Horstemeyer Jul 2009 B2
7562007 Hwang Jul 2009 B2
7562032 Abbosh et al. Jul 2009 B2
7565104 Brown et al. Jul 2009 B1
7565380 Venkatachary Jul 2009 B1
7568151 Bargeron et al. Jul 2009 B2
7571092 Nieh Aug 2009 B1
7571106 Cao et al. Aug 2009 B2
7577522 Rosenberg Aug 2009 B2
7580551 Srihari et al. Aug 2009 B1
7580576 Wang et al. Aug 2009 B2
7580839 Tamura et al. Aug 2009 B2
7584093 Potter et al. Sep 2009 B2
7584278 Rajarajan et al. Sep 2009 B2
7584429 Fabritius Sep 2009 B2
7593868 Margiloff et al. Sep 2009 B2
7596269 King et al. Sep 2009 B2
7596499 Anguera et al. Sep 2009 B2
7596606 Codignotto Sep 2009 B2
7596765 Almas Sep 2009 B2
7599918 Shen et al. Oct 2009 B2
7603349 Kraft et al. Oct 2009 B1
7603381 Burke et al. Oct 2009 B2
7606444 Erol et al. Oct 2009 B1
7609179 Diaz-Gutierrez et al. Oct 2009 B2
7610258 Yuknewicz et al. Oct 2009 B2
7613264 Wells et al. Nov 2009 B2
7614008 Ording Nov 2009 B2
7617094 Aoki et al. Nov 2009 B2
7620407 Donald et al. Nov 2009 B1
7620549 Di Cristo et al. Nov 2009 B2
7620894 Kahn Nov 2009 B1
7623119 Autio et al. Nov 2009 B2
7624007 Bennett Nov 2009 B2
7627481 Kuo et al. Dec 2009 B1
7630900 Strom Dec 2009 B1
7630901 Omi Dec 2009 B2
7633076 Huppi et al. Dec 2009 B2
7634409 Kennewick et al. Dec 2009 B2
7634413 Kuo et al. Dec 2009 B1
7634718 Nakajima Dec 2009 B2
7634732 Blagsvedt et al. Dec 2009 B1
7636657 Ju et al. Dec 2009 B2
7640158 Detlef et al. Dec 2009 B2
7640160 Di Cristo et al. Dec 2009 B2
7643990 Bellegarda Jan 2010 B1
7647225 Bennett et al. Jan 2010 B2
7649454 Singh et al. Jan 2010 B2
7649877 Vieri et al. Jan 2010 B2
7653883 Hotelling et al. Jan 2010 B2
7656393 King et al. Feb 2010 B2
7657424 Bennett Feb 2010 B2
7657828 Lucas et al. Feb 2010 B2
7657844 Gibson et al. Feb 2010 B2
7657849 Chaudhri et al. Feb 2010 B2
7663607 Hotelling et al. Feb 2010 B2
7664558 Lindahl et al. Feb 2010 B2
7664638 Cooper et al. Feb 2010 B2
7669134 Christie et al. Feb 2010 B1
7672841 Bennett Mar 2010 B2
7672952 Isaacson et al. Mar 2010 B2
7673238 Girish et al. Mar 2010 B2
7673251 Wibisono Mar 2010 B1
7673340 Cohen et al. Mar 2010 B1
7676026 Baxter, Jr. Mar 2010 B1
7676365 Hwang et al. Mar 2010 B2
7676463 Thompson et al. Mar 2010 B2
7679534 Kay et al. Mar 2010 B2
7680649 Park Mar 2010 B2
7681126 Roose Mar 2010 B2
7683886 Willey Mar 2010 B2
7683893 Kim Mar 2010 B2
7684985 Dominach et al. Mar 2010 B2
7684990 Caskey et al. Mar 2010 B2
7684991 Stohr et al. Mar 2010 B2
7689245 Cox et al. Mar 2010 B2
7689408 Chen et al. Mar 2010 B2
7689409 Heinecke Mar 2010 B2
7689412 Wu et al. Mar 2010 B2
7689421 Li et al. Mar 2010 B2
7693715 Hwang et al. Apr 2010 B2
7693717 Kahn et al. Apr 2010 B2
7693719 Chu et al. Apr 2010 B2
7693720 Kennewick et al. Apr 2010 B2
7698131 Bennett Apr 2010 B2
7702500 Blaedow Apr 2010 B2
7702508 Bennett Apr 2010 B2
7703091 Martin et al. Apr 2010 B1
7706510 Ng Apr 2010 B2
7707026 Liu Apr 2010 B2
7707027 Balchandran et al. Apr 2010 B2
7707032 Wang et al. Apr 2010 B2
7707221 Dunning et al. Apr 2010 B1
7707226 Tonse Apr 2010 B1
7707267 Lisitsa et al. Apr 2010 B2
7710262 Ruha May 2010 B2
7711129 Lindahl et al. May 2010 B2
7711550 Feinberg et al. May 2010 B1
7711565 Gazdzinski May 2010 B1
7711672 Au May 2010 B2
7712053 Bradford et al. May 2010 B2
7716056 Weng et al. May 2010 B2
7716216 Harik et al. May 2010 B1
7720674 Kaiser et al. May 2010 B2
7720683 Vermeulen et al. May 2010 B1
7721226 Barabe et al. May 2010 B2
7721301 Wong et al. May 2010 B2
7724242 Hillis et al. May 2010 B2
7724696 Parekh May 2010 B1
7725307 Bennett May 2010 B2
7725318 Gavalda et al. May 2010 B2
7725320 Bennett May 2010 B2
7725321 Bennett May 2010 B2
7725838 Williams May 2010 B2
7729904 Bennett Jun 2010 B2
7729916 Coffman et al. Jun 2010 B2
7734461 Kwak et al. Jun 2010 B2
7735012 Naik Jun 2010 B2
7739588 Reynar et al. Jun 2010 B2
7742953 King et al. Jun 2010 B2
7743188 Haitani et al. Jun 2010 B2
7747616 Yamada et al. Jun 2010 B2
7752152 Paek et al. Jul 2010 B2
7756708 Cohen et al. Jul 2010 B2
7756868 Lee Jul 2010 B2
7756871 Yacoub et al. Jul 2010 B2
7757173 Beaman Jul 2010 B2
7757182 Elliott et al. Jul 2010 B2
7761296 Bakis et al. Jul 2010 B1
7763842 Hsu et al. Jul 2010 B2
7774202 Spengler et al. Aug 2010 B2
7774204 Mozer et al. Aug 2010 B2
7774388 Runchey Aug 2010 B1
7777717 Fux et al. Aug 2010 B2
7778432 Larsen Aug 2010 B2
7778595 White et al. Aug 2010 B2
7778632 Kurlander et al. Aug 2010 B2
7778830 Davis et al. Aug 2010 B2
7779353 Grigoriu et al. Aug 2010 B2
7779356 Griesmer Aug 2010 B2
7779357 Naik Aug 2010 B2
7783283 Kuusinen et al. Aug 2010 B2
7783486 Rosser et al. Aug 2010 B2
7788590 Taboada et al. Aug 2010 B2
7788663 Illowsky et al. Aug 2010 B2
7796980 McKinney et al. Sep 2010 B1
7797265 Brinker et al. Sep 2010 B2
7797269 Rieman et al. Sep 2010 B2
7797331 Theimer et al. Sep 2010 B2
7797629 Fux et al. Sep 2010 B2
7801721 Rosart et al. Sep 2010 B2
7801728 Ben-David et al. Sep 2010 B2
7801729 Mozer Sep 2010 B2
7805299 Coifman Sep 2010 B2
7809550 Barrows Oct 2010 B1
7809565 Coifman Oct 2010 B2
7809569 Attwater et al. Oct 2010 B2
7809570 Kennewick et al. Oct 2010 B2
7809610 Cao Oct 2010 B2
7809744 Nevidomski et al. Oct 2010 B2
7818165 Carlgren et al. Oct 2010 B2
7818176 Freeman et al. Oct 2010 B2
7818215 King et al. Oct 2010 B2
7818291 Ferguson et al. Oct 2010 B2
7818672 Mccormack et al. Oct 2010 B2
7822608 Cross, Jr. et al. Oct 2010 B2
7823123 Sabbouh Oct 2010 B2
7826945 Zhang et al. Nov 2010 B2
7827047 Anderson et al. Nov 2010 B2
7831423 Schubert Nov 2010 B2
7831426 Bennett Nov 2010 B2
7831432 Bodin et al. Nov 2010 B2
7835504 Donald et al. Nov 2010 B1
7836437 Kacmarcik et al. Nov 2010 B2
7840348 Kim et al. Nov 2010 B2
7840400 Lavi et al. Nov 2010 B2
7840447 Kleinrock et al. Nov 2010 B2
7840581 Ross et al. Nov 2010 B2
7840912 Elias et al. Nov 2010 B2
7844394 Kim Nov 2010 B2
7848924 Nurminen et al. Dec 2010 B2
7848926 Goto et al. Dec 2010 B2
7853444 Wang et al. Dec 2010 B2
7853445 Bachenko et al. Dec 2010 B2
7853574 Kraenzel et al. Dec 2010 B2
7853577 Sundaresan et al. Dec 2010 B2
7853664 Wang et al. Dec 2010 B1
7853900 Nguyen et al. Dec 2010 B2
7865817 Ryan et al. Jan 2011 B2
7869999 Amato et al. Jan 2011 B2
7870118 Jiang et al. Jan 2011 B2
7870133 Krishnamoorthy et al. Jan 2011 B2
7873149 Schultz et al. Jan 2011 B2
7873519 Bennett Jan 2011 B2
7873654 Bernard Jan 2011 B2
7877705 Chambers et al. Jan 2011 B2
7880730 Robinson et al. Feb 2011 B2
7881283 Cormier et al. Feb 2011 B2
7881936 Longe et al. Feb 2011 B2
7885390 Chaudhuri et al. Feb 2011 B2
7885844 Cohen et al. Feb 2011 B1
7886233 Rainisto et al. Feb 2011 B2
7889101 Yokota Feb 2011 B2
7889184 Blumenberg et al. Feb 2011 B2
7889185 Blumenberg et al. Feb 2011 B2
7890330 Ozkaragoz et al. Feb 2011 B2
7890652 Bull et al. Feb 2011 B2
7895039 Braho et al. Feb 2011 B2
7895531 Radtke et al. Feb 2011 B2
7899666 Varone Mar 2011 B2
7904297 Mirkovic et al. Mar 2011 B2
7908287 Katragadda Mar 2011 B1
7912289 Kansal et al. Mar 2011 B2
7912699 Saraclar et al. Mar 2011 B1
7912702 Bennett Mar 2011 B2
7912720 Hakkani-Tur et al. Mar 2011 B1
7912828 Bonnet et al. Mar 2011 B2
7913185 Benson et al. Mar 2011 B1
7916979 Simmons Mar 2011 B2
7917367 Di Cristo et al. Mar 2011 B2
7917497 Harrison et al. Mar 2011 B2
7920678 Cooper et al. Apr 2011 B2
7920682 Byrne et al. Apr 2011 B2
7920857 Lau et al. Apr 2011 B2
7925525 Chin Apr 2011 B2
7925610 Elbaz et al. Apr 2011 B2
7929805 Wang et al. Apr 2011 B2
7930168 Weng et al. Apr 2011 B2
7930183 Odell et al. Apr 2011 B2
7930197 Ozzie et al. Apr 2011 B2
7936339 Marggraff et al. May 2011 B2
7936861 Martin et al. May 2011 B2
7936863 John et al. May 2011 B2
7937075 Zellner May 2011 B2
7941009 Li et al. May 2011 B2
7945294 Zhang et al. May 2011 B2
7945470 Cohen et al. May 2011 B1
7949529 Weider et al. May 2011 B2
7949534 Davis et al. May 2011 B2
7949752 Lange et al. May 2011 B2
7953679 Chidlovskii et al. May 2011 B2
7957975 Burns et al. Jun 2011 B2
7958136 Curtis et al. Jun 2011 B1
7962179 Huang Jun 2011 B2
7974835 Balchandran et al. Jul 2011 B2
7974844 Sumita Jul 2011 B2
7974972 Cao Jul 2011 B2
7975216 Woolf et al. Jul 2011 B2
7983478 Liu et al. Jul 2011 B2
7983915 Knight et al. Jul 2011 B2
7983917 Kennewick et al. Jul 2011 B2
7983919 Conkie Jul 2011 B2
7983997 Allen et al. Jul 2011 B2
7984062 Dunning et al. Jul 2011 B2
7986431 Emori et al. Jul 2011 B2
7987151 Schott et al. Jul 2011 B2
7987244 Lewis et al. Jul 2011 B1
7991614 Washio et al. Aug 2011 B2
7992085 Wang-Aryattanwanich et al. Aug 2011 B2
7996228 Miller et al. Aug 2011 B2
7996589 Schultz et al. Aug 2011 B2
7996769 Fux et al. Aug 2011 B2
7996792 Anzures et al. Aug 2011 B2
7999669 Singh et al. Aug 2011 B2
8000453 Cooper et al. Aug 2011 B2
8005664 Hanumanthappa Aug 2011 B2
8005679 Jordan et al. Aug 2011 B2
8006180 Tunning et al. Aug 2011 B2
8014308 Gates et al. Sep 2011 B2
8015006 Kennewick et al. Sep 2011 B2
8015011 Nagano et al. Sep 2011 B2
8015144 Zheng et al. Sep 2011 B2
8018431 Zehr et al. Sep 2011 B1
8019271 Izdepski Sep 2011 B1
8020104 Robarts et al. Sep 2011 B2
8024195 Mozer et al. Sep 2011 B2
8024415 Horvitz et al. Sep 2011 B2
8027836 Baker et al. Sep 2011 B2
8031943 Chen et al. Oct 2011 B2
8032383 Bhardwaj et al. Oct 2011 B1
8036901 Mozer Oct 2011 B2
8037034 Plachta et al. Oct 2011 B2
8041557 Liu Oct 2011 B2
8041570 Mirkovic et al. Oct 2011 B2
8041611 Kleinrock et al. Oct 2011 B2
8042053 Darwish et al. Oct 2011 B2
8046363 Cha et al. Oct 2011 B2
8046374 Bromwich et al. Oct 2011 B1
8050500 Batty et al. Nov 2011 B1
8054180 Scofield et al. Nov 2011 B1
8055502 Clark et al. Nov 2011 B2
8055708 Chitsaz et al. Nov 2011 B2
8056070 Goller et al. Nov 2011 B2
8060824 Brownrigg, Jr. et al. Nov 2011 B2
8064753 Freeman Nov 2011 B2
8065143 Yanagihara Nov 2011 B2
8065155 Gazdzinski Nov 2011 B1
8065156 Gazdzinski Nov 2011 B2
8068604 Leeds et al. Nov 2011 B2
8069046 Kennewick et al. Nov 2011 B2
8069422 Sheshagiri et al. Nov 2011 B2
8073681 Baldwin et al. Dec 2011 B2
8073695 Hendricks et al. Dec 2011 B1
8077153 Benko et al. Dec 2011 B2
8078473 Gazdzinski Dec 2011 B1
8082153 Coffman et al. Dec 2011 B2
8082498 Salamon et al. Dec 2011 B2
8090571 Elshishiny et al. Jan 2012 B2
8095364 Longe et al. Jan 2012 B2
8099289 Mozer et al. Jan 2012 B2
8099395 Pabla et al. Jan 2012 B2
8099418 Inoue et al. Jan 2012 B2
8103510 Sato Jan 2012 B2
8107401 John et al. Jan 2012 B2
8112275 Kennewick et al. Feb 2012 B2
8112280 Lu Feb 2012 B2
8117037 Gazdzinski Feb 2012 B2
8117542 Radtke et al. Feb 2012 B2
8121413 Hwang et al. Feb 2012 B2
8121837 Agapi et al. Feb 2012 B2
8122094 Kotab Feb 2012 B1
8122353 Bouta Feb 2012 B2
8130929 Wilkes et al. Mar 2012 B2
8131557 Davis et al. Mar 2012 B2
8135115 Hogg, Jr. et al. Mar 2012 B1
8138912 Singh et al. Mar 2012 B2
8140335 Kennewick et al. Mar 2012 B2
8140567 Padovitz et al. Mar 2012 B2
8145489 Freeman et al. Mar 2012 B2
8150694 Kennewick et al. Apr 2012 B2
8150700 Shin et al. Apr 2012 B2
8155956 Cho et al. Apr 2012 B2
8156005 Vieri Apr 2012 B2
8160877 Nucci et al. Apr 2012 B1
8160883 Lecoeuche Apr 2012 B2
8165321 Paquier et al. Apr 2012 B2
8165886 Gagnon et al. Apr 2012 B1
8166019 Lee et al. Apr 2012 B1
8166032 Sommer et al. Apr 2012 B2
8170790 Lee et al. May 2012 B2
8175872 Kristjansson et al. May 2012 B2
8179370 Yamasani et al. May 2012 B1
8188856 Singh et al. May 2012 B2
8190359 Bourne May 2012 B2
8195467 Mozer et al. Jun 2012 B2
8195468 Kennewick et al. Jun 2012 B2
8200495 Braho et al. Jun 2012 B2
8201109 Van Os et al. Jun 2012 B2
8204238 Mozer Jun 2012 B2
8205788 Gazdzinski et al. Jun 2012 B1
8209183 Patel et al. Jun 2012 B1
8213911 Williams et al. Jul 2012 B2
8219115 Nelissen Jul 2012 B1
8219406 Yu et al. Jul 2012 B2
8219407 Roy et al. Jul 2012 B1
8219608 alSafadi et al. Jul 2012 B2
8224649 Chaudhari et al. Jul 2012 B2
8228299 Maloney et al. Jul 2012 B1
8233919 Haag et al. Jul 2012 B2
8234111 Lloyd et al. Jul 2012 B2
8239206 LeBeau et al. Aug 2012 B1
8239207 Seligman et al. Aug 2012 B2
8244712 Serlet et al. Aug 2012 B2
8250071 Killalea et al. Aug 2012 B1
8254829 Kindred et al. Aug 2012 B1
8255216 White Aug 2012 B2
8255217 Stent et al. Aug 2012 B2
8260247 Lazaridis et al. Sep 2012 B2
8260617 Dhanakshirur et al. Sep 2012 B2
8270933 Riemer et al. Sep 2012 B2
8275621 Alewine et al. Sep 2012 B2
8279171 Hirai et al. Oct 2012 B2
8280438 Barbera Oct 2012 B2
8285546 Reich Oct 2012 B2
8285551 Gazdzinski Oct 2012 B2
8285553 Gazdzinski Oct 2012 B2
8290777 Nguyen et al. Oct 2012 B1
8290778 Gazdzinski Oct 2012 B2
8290781 Gazdzinski Oct 2012 B2
8296124 Holsztynska et al. Oct 2012 B1
8296145 Clark et al. Oct 2012 B2
8296146 Gazdzinski Oct 2012 B2
8296153 Gazdzinski Oct 2012 B2
8296380 Kelly et al. Oct 2012 B1
8296383 Lindahl Oct 2012 B2
8300801 Sweeney et al. Oct 2012 B2
8301456 Gazdzinski Oct 2012 B2
8311834 Gazdzinski Nov 2012 B1
8311835 Lecoeuche Nov 2012 B2
8311838 Lindahl et al. Nov 2012 B2
8312017 Martin et al. Nov 2012 B2
8321786 Lunati et al. Nov 2012 B2
8326627 Kennewick et al. Dec 2012 B2
8332205 Krishnan et al. Dec 2012 B2
8332218 Cross et al. Dec 2012 B2
8332224 Di Cristo et al. Dec 2012 B2
8332748 Karam Dec 2012 B1
8340975 Rosenberger Dec 2012 B1
8345665 Vieri et al. Jan 2013 B2
8346563 Hjelm et al. Jan 2013 B1
8352183 Thota et al. Jan 2013 B2
8352268 Naik et al. Jan 2013 B2
8352272 Rogers et al. Jan 2013 B2
8355919 Silverman et al. Jan 2013 B2
8359234 Vieri Jan 2013 B2
8370145 Endo et al. Feb 2013 B2
8370158 Gazdzinski Feb 2013 B2
8371503 Gazdzinski Feb 2013 B2
8374871 Ehsani et al. Feb 2013 B2
8375320 Kotler et al. Feb 2013 B2
8380504 Peden et al. Feb 2013 B1
8380507 Herman et al. Feb 2013 B2
8381107 Rottler et al. Feb 2013 B2
8381135 Hotelling et al. Feb 2013 B2
8386485 Kerschberg et al. Feb 2013 B2
8386926 Matsuoka Feb 2013 B1
8391844 Lamiraux et al. Mar 2013 B2
8396714 Rogers et al. Mar 2013 B2
8406745 Upadhyay et al. Mar 2013 B1
8423288 Stahl et al. Apr 2013 B2
8428758 Naik et al. Apr 2013 B2
8433778 Shreesha et al. Apr 2013 B1
8442821 Vanhoucke May 2013 B1
8447612 Gazdzinski May 2013 B2
8452597 Bringert et al. May 2013 B2
8457959 Kaiser Jun 2013 B2
8458115 Cai et al. Jun 2013 B2
8458278 Christie et al. Jun 2013 B2
8464150 Davidson et al. Jun 2013 B2
8473289 Jitkoff et al. Jun 2013 B2
8479122 Hotelling et al. Jul 2013 B2
8484027 Murphy Jul 2013 B1
8489599 Bellotti Jul 2013 B2
8498857 Kopparapu et al. Jul 2013 B2
8514197 Shahraray et al. Aug 2013 B2
8515750 Lei et al. Aug 2013 B1
8521513 Millett et al. Aug 2013 B2
8521531 Kim Aug 2013 B1
8527276 Senior et al. Sep 2013 B1
8543398 Strope et al. Sep 2013 B1
8560229 Park et al. Oct 2013 B1
8571851 Tickner et al. Oct 2013 B1
8583416 Huang et al. Nov 2013 B2
8583511 Hendrickson Nov 2013 B2
8589869 Wolfram Nov 2013 B2
8589911 Sharkey et al. Nov 2013 B1
8595004 Koshinaka Nov 2013 B2
8600743 Lindahl et al. Dec 2013 B2
8600930 Sata et al. Dec 2013 B2
8606568 Tickner et al. Dec 2013 B1
8620659 Di Cristo et al. Dec 2013 B2
8620662 Bellegarda Dec 2013 B2
8626681 Jurca et al. Jan 2014 B1
8639516 Lindahl et al. Jan 2014 B2
8645137 Bellegarda et al. Feb 2014 B2
8645138 Weinstein et al. Feb 2014 B1
8654936 Tofighbakhsh et al. Feb 2014 B1
8655646 Lee et al. Feb 2014 B2
8655901 Li et al. Feb 2014 B1
8660843 Falcon et al. Feb 2014 B2
8660849 Gruber et al. Feb 2014 B2
8660970 Fiedorowicz Feb 2014 B1
8661112 Creamer et al. Feb 2014 B2
8661340 Goldsmith et al. Feb 2014 B2
8670979 Gruber et al. Mar 2014 B2
8675084 Bolton et al. Mar 2014 B2
8676904 Lindahl et al. Mar 2014 B2
8677377 Cheyer et al. Mar 2014 B2
8681950 Vlack et al. Mar 2014 B2
8682667 Haughay et al. Mar 2014 B2
8687777 Lavian et al. Apr 2014 B1
8688446 Yanagihara et al. Apr 2014 B2
8688453 Joshi et al. Apr 2014 B1
8695074 Saraf et al. Apr 2014 B2
8696364 Cohen Apr 2014 B2
8706472 Ramerth et al. Apr 2014 B2
8706474 Blume et al. Apr 2014 B2
8706503 Cheyer et al. Apr 2014 B2
8713119 Lindahl et al. Apr 2014 B2
8713418 King et al. Apr 2014 B2
8719006 Bellegarda et al. May 2014 B2
8719014 Wagner et al. May 2014 B2
8731610 Appaji May 2014 B2
8731912 Tickner et al. May 2014 B1
8731942 Cheyer et al. May 2014 B2
8739208 Rodriguez et al. May 2014 B2
8744852 Seymour et al. Jun 2014 B1
8760537 Johnson et al. Jun 2014 B2
8762145 Ouchi et al. Jun 2014 B2
8762156 Chen et al. Jun 2014 B2
8762469 Lindahl et al. Jun 2014 B2
8768693 Lempel et al. Jul 2014 B2
8768702 Boettcher et al. Jul 2014 B2
8775154 Clinchant et al. Jul 2014 B2
8775931 Fux et al. Jul 2014 B2
8781841 Wang Jul 2014 B1
8798255 Lubowich et al. Aug 2014 B2
8798995 Edara et al. Aug 2014 B1
8799000 Guzzoni et al. Aug 2014 B2
8805690 LeBeau et al. Aug 2014 B1
8812302 Xiao et al. Aug 2014 B2
8838457 Cerra et al. Sep 2014 B2
8855915 Furuhata et al. Oct 2014 B2
8861925 Ohme Oct 2014 B1
8862252 Rottler et al. Oct 2014 B2
8868409 Mengibar et al. Oct 2014 B1
8880405 Cerra et al. Nov 2014 B2
8886540 Cerra et al. Nov 2014 B2
8886541 Friedlander Nov 2014 B2
8892446 Cheyer et al. Nov 2014 B2
8898568 Bull et al. Nov 2014 B2
8903716 Chen et al. Dec 2014 B2
8909693 Frissora et al. Dec 2014 B2
8930176 Li et al. Jan 2015 B2
8930191 Gruber et al. Jan 2015 B2
8938394 Faaborg et al. Jan 2015 B1
8942986 Cheyer et al. Jan 2015 B2
8943423 Merrill et al. Jan 2015 B2
8972240 Brockett et al. Mar 2015 B2
8972432 Shaw et al. Mar 2015 B2
8972878 Mohler et al. Mar 2015 B2
8983383 Haskin Mar 2015 B1
8989713 Doulton Mar 2015 B2
8990235 King et al. Mar 2015 B2
8994660 Neels et al. Mar 2015 B2
8996350 Dub et al. Mar 2015 B1
8996376 Fleizach et al. Mar 2015 B2
8996381 Mozer et al. Mar 2015 B2
9009046 Stewart Apr 2015 B1
9020804 Barbaiani et al. Apr 2015 B2
9026425 Nikoulina et al. May 2015 B2
9031834 Coorman et al. May 2015 B2
9037967 Al-Jefri et al. May 2015 B1
9043208 Koch et al. May 2015 B2
9049255 MacFarlane et al. Jun 2015 B2
9053706 Jitkoff et al. Jun 2015 B2
9058811 Wang et al. Jun 2015 B2
9063979 Chiu et al. Jun 2015 B2
9070366 Mathias Jun 2015 B1
9071701 Donaldson et al. Jun 2015 B2
9081411 Kalns et al. Jul 2015 B2
9081482 Zhai et al. Jul 2015 B1
9098467 Blanksteen et al. Aug 2015 B1
9101279 Ritchey et al. Aug 2015 B2
9112984 Sejnoha et al. Aug 2015 B2
9117447 Gruber et al. Aug 2015 B2
9123338 Sanders et al. Sep 2015 B1
9171541 Kennewick et al. Oct 2015 B2
9171546 Pike Oct 2015 B1
9190062 Haughay Nov 2015 B2
9208153 Zaveri et al. Dec 2015 B1
9218809 Bellegarda Dec 2015 B2
9218819 Stekkelpak et al. Dec 2015 B1
9223537 Brown et al. Dec 2015 B2
9255812 Maeoka et al. Feb 2016 B2
9258604 Bilobrov et al. Feb 2016 B1
9262612 Cheyer Feb 2016 B2
9292487 Weber Mar 2016 B1
9292489 Sak et al. Mar 2016 B1
9299344 Braho et al. Mar 2016 B2
9305543 Fleizach et al. Apr 2016 B2
9305548 Kennewick et al. Apr 2016 B2
9311912 Swietlinski et al. Apr 2016 B1
9313317 LeBeau et al. Apr 2016 B1
9318108 Gruber et al. Apr 2016 B2
9325809 Barros et al. Apr 2016 B1
9338493 Van Os et al. May 2016 B2
9349368 LeBeau et al. May 2016 B1
9361084 Costa Jun 2016 B1
9367541 Servan et al. Jun 2016 B1
9377871 Waddell et al. Jun 2016 B2
9378740 Rosen et al. Jun 2016 B1
9380155 Reding et al. Jun 2016 B1
9390726 Smus et al. Jul 2016 B1
9401147 Jitkoff et al. Jul 2016 B2
9412392 Lindahl Aug 2016 B2
9423266 Clark et al. Aug 2016 B2
9436918 Pantel et al. Sep 2016 B2
9437186 Liu et al. Sep 2016 B1
9437189 Epstein et al. Sep 2016 B2
9454957 Mathias et al. Sep 2016 B1
9495129 Fleizach et al. Nov 2016 B2
9502025 Kennewick et al. Nov 2016 B2
9510044 Pereira et al. Nov 2016 B1
9536527 Carlson Jan 2017 B1
9547647 Badaskar Jan 2017 B2
9548050 Gruber et al. Jan 2017 B2
9607612 Deleeuw Mar 2017 B2
9620113 Kennewick et al. Apr 2017 B2
9620126 Chiba Apr 2017 B2
9626955 Fleizach et al. Apr 2017 B2
9633660 Haughay Apr 2017 B2
9652453 Mathur et al. May 2017 B2
9734839 Adams Aug 2017 B1
20010000534 Matulich et al. Apr 2001 A1
20010005859 Okuyama et al. Jun 2001 A1
20010020259 Sekiguchi et al. Sep 2001 A1
20010023397 Tajima et al. Sep 2001 A1
20010027394 Theimer Oct 2001 A1
20010027396 Sato Oct 2001 A1
20010029455 Chin et al. Oct 2001 A1
20010030660 Zainoulline Oct 2001 A1
20010032080 Fukada Oct 2001 A1
20010041021 Boyle et al. Nov 2001 A1
20010042107 Palm Nov 2001 A1
20010044724 Hon et al. Nov 2001 A1
20010047264 Roundtree Nov 2001 A1
20010055963 Cloutier Dec 2001 A1
20010056342 Piehn et al. Dec 2001 A1
20010056347 Chazan et al. Dec 2001 A1
20020001395 Davis et al. Jan 2002 A1
20020002039 Qureshey et al. Jan 2002 A1
20020002413 Tokue Jan 2002 A1
20020002461 Tetsumoto Jan 2002 A1
20020002465 Maes Jan 2002 A1
20020004703 Gaspard, II Jan 2002 A1
20020010581 Euler et al. Jan 2002 A1
20020010584 Schultz et al. Jan 2002 A1
20020010589 Nashida et al. Jan 2002 A1
20020010726 Rogson Jan 2002 A1
20020010798 Ben-Shaul et al. Jan 2002 A1
20020013707 Shaw et al. Jan 2002 A1
20020013784 Swanson Jan 2002 A1
20020013852 Janik Jan 2002 A1
20020015024 Westerman et al. Feb 2002 A1
20020015064 Robotham et al. Feb 2002 A1
20020021278 Hinckley et al. Feb 2002 A1
20020026315 Miranda Feb 2002 A1
20020026456 Bradford Feb 2002 A1
20020031254 Lantrip et al. Mar 2002 A1
20020031262 Imagawa et al. Mar 2002 A1
20020032048 Kitao et al. Mar 2002 A1
20020032564 Ehsani et al. Mar 2002 A1
20020032591 Mahaffy et al. Mar 2002 A1
20020032751 Bharadwaj Mar 2002 A1
20020035467 Morimoto et al. Mar 2002 A1
20020035469 Holzapfel Mar 2002 A1
20020035474 Alpdemir Mar 2002 A1
20020040297 Tsiao et al. Apr 2002 A1
20020040359 Green et al. Apr 2002 A1
20020042707 Zhao et al. Apr 2002 A1
20020045438 Tagawa et al. Apr 2002 A1
20020045961 Gibbs et al. Apr 2002 A1
20020046025 Hain Apr 2002 A1
20020046032 Wutte Apr 2002 A1
20020046315 Miller et al. Apr 2002 A1
20020049587 Miyazawa Apr 2002 A1
20020052730 Nakao May 2002 A1
20020052740 Charlesworth et al. May 2002 A1
20020052746 Handelman May 2002 A1
20020052747 Sarukkai May 2002 A1
20020052913 Yamada et al. May 2002 A1
20020054094 Matsuda May 2002 A1
20020055844 L'Esperance et al. May 2002 A1
20020055934 Lipscomb et al. May 2002 A1
20020057293 Liao May 2002 A1
20020059066 O'hagan May 2002 A1
20020059068 Rose et al. May 2002 A1
20020065659 Isono et al. May 2002 A1
20020065797 Meidan et al. May 2002 A1
20020067308 Robertson Jun 2002 A1
20020069063 Buchner et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020069071 Knockeart et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020069220 Tran Jun 2002 A1
20020072816 Shdema et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020072908 Case et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020072914 Alshawi et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020072915 Bower Jun 2002 A1
20020073177 Clark et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020077082 Cruickshank Jun 2002 A1
20020077817 Atal Jun 2002 A1
20020078041 Wu Jun 2002 A1
20020080163 Morey Jun 2002 A1
20020082831 Hwang et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020083068 Quass et al. Jun 2002 A1
20020085037 Leavitt et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020086268 Shpiro Jul 2002 A1
20020086680 Hunzinger Jul 2002 A1
20020087306 Lee et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020087508 Hull et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020087974 Sprague et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020091511 Hellwig et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020091529 Whitham Jul 2002 A1
20020095286 Ross et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020095290 Kahn et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020099547 Chu et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020099552 Rubin et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020101447 Carro Aug 2002 A1
20020103641 Kuo et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020103644 Brocious et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020103646 Kochanski et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020107684 Gao Aug 2002 A1
20020109709 Sagar Aug 2002 A1
20020110248 Kovales et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020111198 Heie et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020111806 Franz et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020111810 Khan et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020116082 Gudorf Aug 2002 A1
20020116171 Russell Aug 2002 A1
20020116185 Cooper et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020116189 Yeh et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020116420 Allam et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020117384 Marchant Aug 2002 A1
20020120697 Generous et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020120925 Logan Aug 2002 A1
20020122053 Dutta et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020123804 Gwon et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020123891 Epstein et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020123892 Woodward Sep 2002 A1
20020123894 Woodward Sep 2002 A1
20020126097 Savolainen Sep 2002 A1
20020128821 Ehsani et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020128827 Bu et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020128840 Hinde et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020129057 Spielberg Sep 2002 A1
20020133341 Gillick et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020133347 Schoneburg et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020133348 Pearson et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020135565 Gordon et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020135618 Maes et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020137505 Eiche et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020138254 Isaka et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020138265 Stevens et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020138270 Bellegarda et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020138274 Sharma et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020138616 Basson et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020140679 Wen Oct 2002 A1
20020143523 Balaj et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020143532 Mclean et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020143533 Lucas et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020143542 Eide Oct 2002 A1
20020143551 Sharma et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020143826 Day et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020151297 Remboski et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020152045 Dowling et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020152255 Smith et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020154160 Hosokawa Oct 2002 A1
20020156771 Frieder et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020161865 Nguyen Oct 2002 A1
20020163544 Baker et al. Nov 2002 A1
20020164000 Cohen et al. Nov 2002 A1
20020165717 Solmer et al. Nov 2002 A1
20020165918 Bettis Nov 2002 A1
20020166123 Schrader et al. Nov 2002 A1
20020167534 Burke Nov 2002 A1
20020169592 Aityan Nov 2002 A1
20020169605 Damiba et al. Nov 2002 A1
20020173273 Spurgat et al. Nov 2002 A1
20020173889 Odinak et al. Nov 2002 A1
20020173955 Reich Nov 2002 A1
20020173961 Guerra Nov 2002 A1
20020173962 Tang et al. Nov 2002 A1
20020173966 Henton Nov 2002 A1
20020177993 Veditz et al. Nov 2002 A1
20020184003 Hakkinen et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020184015 Li et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020184027 Brittan et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020184189 Hay et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020188454 Sauber Dec 2002 A1
20020188847 Valeria Dec 2002 A1
20020189426 Hirade et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020191029 Gillespie et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020193996 Squibbs et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020196911 Gao et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020198714 Zhou Dec 2002 A1
20020198715 Belrose Dec 2002 A1
20030001881 Mannheimer et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030002632 Bhogal et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030003609 Sauer et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030003897 Hyon Jan 2003 A1
20030004703 Prabhakar et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030004968 Romer et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030005174 Coffman et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030009459 Chastain et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030013483 Ausems et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030016770 Trans et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030018475 Basu et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030020760 Takatsu et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030023420 Goodman et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030023426 Pun et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030025676 Cappendijk Feb 2003 A1
20030026392 Brown et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030026402 Clapper Feb 2003 A1
20030028380 Freeland et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030030645 Ribak et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030033148 Silverman et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030033152 Cameron Feb 2003 A1
20030033153 Olson et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030033214 Mikkelsen et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030036909 Kato Feb 2003 A1
20030037073 Tokuda et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030037077 Brill et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030037254 Fischer et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030038786 Nguyen et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030040908 Yang et al. Feb 2003 A1
20030046075 Stone Mar 2003 A1
20030046401 Abbott et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030046434 Flanagin et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030048881 Trajkovic et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030050781 Tamura et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030051136 Curtis et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030055537 Odinak et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030055623 Epstein et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030055641 Yi et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030061317 Brown et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030061570 Hatori et al. Mar 2003 A1
20030063073 Geaghan et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030065805 Barnes, Jr. Apr 2003 A1
20030069893 Kanai et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030074195 Bartosik et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030074198 Sussman Apr 2003 A1
20030074457 Kluth Apr 2003 A1
20030076301 Tsuk et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030078766 Appelt et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030078778 Emam et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030078779 Desai et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030078780 Kochanski et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030078969 Sprague et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030079024 Hough et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030079038 Robbin et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030080991 Crow et al. May 2003 A1
20030083113 Chua et al. May 2003 A1
20030083878 Lee et al. May 2003 A1
20030083884 Odinak et al. May 2003 A1
20030084350 Eibach et al. May 2003 A1
20030085870 Hinckley May 2003 A1
20030086699 Benyamin et al. May 2003 A1
20030088414 Huang et al. May 2003 A1
20030088421 Maes et al. May 2003 A1
20030090467 Hohl et al. May 2003 A1
20030090474 Schaefer May 2003 A1
20030095096 Robbin et al. May 2003 A1
20030097210 Horst et al. May 2003 A1
20030097379 Ireton May 2003 A1
20030097407 Litwin et al. May 2003 A1
20030097408 Kageyama et al. May 2003 A1
20030098892 Hiipakka May 2003 A1
20030099335 Tanaka et al. May 2003 A1
20030101045 Moffatt et al. May 2003 A1
20030101054 Davis et al. May 2003 A1
20030115060 Junqua et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030115064 Gusler et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030115186 Wilkinson et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030115289 Chinn et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030115552 Jahnke et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030117365 Shteyn Jun 2003 A1
20030120494 Jost et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030122652 Himmelstein et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030122787 Zimmerman et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030125927 Seme Jul 2003 A1
20030125945 Doyle Jul 2003 A1
20030125955 Arnold et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030126559 Fuhrmann Jul 2003 A1
20030128819 Lee et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030130847 Case et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030131320 Kumhyr et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030133694 Yeo Jul 2003 A1
20030134678 Tanaka Jul 2003 A1
20030135501 Frerebeau et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030135740 Talmor et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030139925 Anderson et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030140088 Robinson et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030144846 Denenberg et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030145285 Miyahira et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030147512 Abburi Aug 2003 A1
20030149557 Cox et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030149567 Schmitz et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030149978 Plotnick Aug 2003 A1
20030152203 Berger et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030152261 Hiroe et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030152894 Townshend Aug 2003 A1
20030154079 Ota et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030154081 Chu et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030154116 Lofton Aug 2003 A1
20030157968 Boman et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030158732 Pi et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030158735 Yamada et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030158737 Csicsatka Aug 2003 A1
20030160702 Tanaka Aug 2003 A1
20030160830 Degross Aug 2003 A1
20030163316 Addison et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030164848 Dutta et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030167167 Gong Sep 2003 A1
20030167318 Robbin et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030167335 Alexander Sep 2003 A1
20030171911 Fairweather Sep 2003 A1
20030171928 Falcon et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030171936 Sall et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030174830 Boyer et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030177046 Socha-Leialoha et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030179222 Noma et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030182115 Malayath et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030182119 Junqua et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030182131 Arnold et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030182394 Ryngle et al. Sep 2003 A1
20030187655 Dunsmuir Oct 2003 A1
20030187659 Cho et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030187775 Du et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030187844 Li et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030187925 Inala et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030188005 Yoneda et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030188192 Tang et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030190074 Loudon et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030191625 Gorin et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030191645 Zhou Oct 2003 A1
20030193481 Sokolsky Oct 2003 A1
20030194080 Michaelis et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030195741 Mani et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030197736 Murphy Oct 2003 A1
20030197744 Irvine Oct 2003 A1
20030200085 Nguyen et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030200452 Tagawa et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030200858 Xie Oct 2003 A1
20030202697 Simard et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030204392 Finnigan et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030204492 Wolf et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030206199 Pusa et al. Nov 2003 A1
20030208756 Macrae et al. Nov 2003 A1
20030210266 Cragun et al. Nov 2003 A1
20030212543 Epstein et al. Nov 2003 A1
20030212961 Soin et al. Nov 2003 A1
20030214519 Smith et al. Nov 2003 A1
20030216919 Roushar Nov 2003 A1
20030221198 Sloo et al. Nov 2003 A1
20030224760 Day Dec 2003 A1
20030228863 Vander Veen et al. Dec 2003 A1
20030228909 Tanaka et al. Dec 2003 A1
20030229490 Etter Dec 2003 A1
20030229616 Wong Dec 2003 A1
20030233230 Ammicht et al. Dec 2003 A1
20030233237 Garside et al. Dec 2003 A1
20030233240 Kaatrasalo Dec 2003 A1
20030234824 Litwiller Dec 2003 A1
20030236663 Dimitrova et al. Dec 2003 A1
20030237055 Lange et al. Dec 2003 A1
20040001396 Keller et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040006467 Anisimovich et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040008277 Nagaishi et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040010484 Foulger et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040012556 Yong et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040013252 Craner Jan 2004 A1
20040015342 Garst et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040021676 Chen et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040022369 Vitikainen et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040022373 Suder et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040023643 Vander Veen et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040024834 Alegria et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040030551 Marcu et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040030554 Boxberger-Oberoi et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040030556 Bennett Feb 2004 A1
20040030559 Payne et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040030996 Van Liempd et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040036715 Warren Feb 2004 A1
20040044516 Kennewick et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040048627 Olvera-Hernandez Mar 2004 A1
20040049388 Roth et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040049391 Polanyi et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040051729 Borden, IV Mar 2004 A1
20040052338 Celi, Jr. et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040054530 Davis et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040054533 Bellegarda Mar 2004 A1
20040054534 Junqua Mar 2004 A1
20040054535 Mackie et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040054541 Kryze et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040054690 Hillerbrand et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040055446 Robbin et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040056899 Sinclair, II et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040059574 Ma et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040059577 Pickering Mar 2004 A1
20040059790 Austin-Lane et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040061717 Menon et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040062367 Fellenstein et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040064593 Sinclair et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040069122 Wilson Apr 2004 A1
20040070567 Longe et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040070612 Sinclair et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040073427 Moore Apr 2004 A1
20040073428 Zlokarnik et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040076086 Keller et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040078382 Mercer et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040085162 Agarwal et al. May 2004 A1
20040085368 Johnson, Jr. et al. May 2004 A1
20040086120 Akins, III et al. May 2004 A1
20040093213 Conkie May 2004 A1
20040093215 Gupta et al. May 2004 A1
20040093328 Damle May 2004 A1
20040094018 Ueshima et al. May 2004 A1
20040096105 Holtsberg May 2004 A1
20040098250 Kimchi et al. May 2004 A1
20040100479 Nakano et al. May 2004 A1
20040106432 Kanamori et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040107169 Lowe Jun 2004 A1
20040111266 Coorman et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040111332 Baar et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040114731 Gillett et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040120476 Harrison et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040122656 Abir Jun 2004 A1
20040122664 Lorenzo et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040122673 Park et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040124583 Landis Jul 2004 A1
20040125088 Zimmerman et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040125922 Specht Jul 2004 A1
20040127198 Roskind et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040127241 Shostak Jul 2004 A1
20040128137 Bush et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040128614 Andrews et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040133817 Choi Jul 2004 A1
20040135701 Yasuda et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040135774 La Monica Jul 2004 A1
20040136510 Vander Veen Jul 2004 A1
20040138869 Heinecke Jul 2004 A1
20040138881 Divay et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040145607 Alderson Jul 2004 A1
20040148154 Acero et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040152054 Gleissner et al. Aug 2004 A1
20040153306 Tanner et al. Aug 2004 A1
20040155869 Robinson et al. Aug 2004 A1
20040160419 Padgitt Aug 2004 A1
20040162741 Flaxer et al. Aug 2004 A1
20040167778 Valsan et al. Aug 2004 A1
20040168120 Scopes Aug 2004 A1
20040170379 Yao et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040174399 Wu et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040174434 Walker et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040176958 Salmenkaita et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040177319 Horn Sep 2004 A1
20040178994 Kairls, Jr. Sep 2004 A1
20040181392 Parikh et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040183833 Chua Sep 2004 A1
20040186713 Gomas et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040186714 Baker Sep 2004 A1
20040186777 Margiloff et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040186857 Serlet et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040193398 Chu et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040193420 Kennewick et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040193421 Blass Sep 2004 A1
20040193426 Maddux et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040196256 Wobbrock et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040198436 Alden Oct 2004 A1
20040199375 Ehsani et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040199387 Wang et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040199663 Horvitz et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040203520 Schirtzinger et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040205151 Sprigg et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040205671 Sukehiro et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040208302 Urban et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040210438 Gillick et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040210442 Glynn et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040210634 Ferrer et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040213419 Varma et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040215449 Roy Oct 2004 A1
20040215731 Tzann-en Szeto Oct 2004 A1
20040216049 Lewis et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040218451 Said et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040220798 Chi et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040220809 Wang et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040221235 Marchisio et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040223485 Arellano et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040223599 Bear et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040224638 Fadell et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040225501 Cutaia et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040225504 Junqua et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040225650 Cooper et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040225746 Niell et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040226042 Ellis Nov 2004 A1
20040230420 Kadambe et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040230637 Lecoueche et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040236778 Junqua et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040242286 Benco et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040243412 Gupta et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040243415 Commarford et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040243419 Wang Dec 2004 A1
20040249629 Webster Dec 2004 A1
20040249637 Baker et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040249667 Oon Dec 2004 A1
20040252119 Hunleth et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040252604 Johnson et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040252966 Holloway et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040254791 Coifman et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040254792 Busayapongchai et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040257432 Girish et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040259536 Keskar et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040260438 Chernetsky et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040260547 Cohen et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040260718 Fedorov et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040261023 Bier Dec 2004 A1
20040262051 Carro Dec 2004 A1
20040263636 Cutler et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040267825 Novak et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040268253 Demello et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040268262 Gupta et al. Dec 2004 A1
20050002507 Timmins et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050010409 Hull et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050012723 Pallakoff Jan 2005 A1
20050015254 Beaman Jan 2005 A1
20050015751 Grassens Jan 2005 A1
20050015772 Saare et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050021330 Mano et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050021424 Lewis et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050022114 Shanahan et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050024341 Gillespie et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050024345 Eastty et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050027385 Yueh Feb 2005 A1
20050030175 Wolfe Feb 2005 A1
20050031106 Henderson Feb 2005 A1
20050033582 Gadd et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050033771 Schmitter et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050034164 Sano et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050038657 Roth et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050039141 Burke et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050042591 Bloom et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050043946 Ueyama et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050043949 Roth et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050043974 Vassilev et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050044569 Marcus Feb 2005 A1
20050045373 Born Mar 2005 A1
20050049862 Choi et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050049870 Zhang et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050049880 Roth et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050050526 Dahne-Steuber et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050055212 Nagao Mar 2005 A1
20050055403 Brittan Mar 2005 A1
20050058438 Hayashi Mar 2005 A1
20050060151 Kuo et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050060155 Chu et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050071165 Hofstader et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050071332 Ortega et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050071437 Bear et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050074113 Mathew et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050075875 Shozakai et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050075881 Rigazio et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050080613 Colledge et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050080620 Rao et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050080625 Bennett et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050080632 Endo et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050080780 Colledge et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050086059 Bennett Apr 2005 A1
20050086255 Schran et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050086605 Ferrer et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050091118 Fano Apr 2005 A1
20050094475 Naoi May 2005 A1
20050099398 Garside et al. May 2005 A1
20050100214 Zhang et al. May 2005 A1
20050102144 Rapoport May 2005 A1
20050102614 Brockett et al. May 2005 A1
20050102625 Lee et al. May 2005 A1
20050105712 Williams et al. May 2005 A1
20050108001 Aarskog May 2005 A1
20050108017 Esser et al. May 2005 A1
20050108074 Bloechl et al. May 2005 A1
20050108338 Simske et al. May 2005 A1
20050108344 Tafoya et al. May 2005 A1
20050108642 Sinclair et al. May 2005 A1
20050114124 Liu et al. May 2005 A1
20050114140 Brackett et al. May 2005 A1
20050114306 Shu et al. May 2005 A1
20050114791 Bollenbacher et al. May 2005 A1
20050119890 Hirose Jun 2005 A1
20050119897 Bennett et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050125215 Wu et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050125216 Chitrapura et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050125218 Rajput et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050125226 Magee Jun 2005 A1
20050125235 Lazay et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050131951 Zhang et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050132301 Ikeda Jun 2005 A1
20050136949 Barnes, Jr. Jun 2005 A1
20050138305 Zellner Jun 2005 A1
20050140504 Marshall et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050143970 Roth et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050143972 Gopalakrishnan et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050144003 Iso-Sipila Jun 2005 A1
20050144070 Cheshire Jun 2005 A1
20050144568 Gruen et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050148356 Ferguson et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050149214 Yoo et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050149326 Hogengout et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050149328 Huang et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050149330 Katae Jul 2005 A1
20050149332 Kuzunuki et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050149510 Shafrir Jul 2005 A1
20050152558 Van Tassel Jul 2005 A1
20050152602 Chen et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050154578 Tong et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050154580 Horowitz et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050154591 Lecoeuche Jul 2005 A1
20050159939 Mohler et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050159957 Roth et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050162395 Unruh Jul 2005 A1
20050165015 Ncube et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050165607 Di Fabbrizio et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050166153 Eytchison et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050171766 Albesano et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050171779 Joublin Aug 2005 A1
20050177445 Church Aug 2005 A1
20050181770 Helferich Aug 2005 A1
20050182616 Kotipalli Aug 2005 A1
20050182627 Tanaka et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050182628 Choi Aug 2005 A1
20050182629 Coorman et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050182630 Miro et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050182765 Liddy Aug 2005 A1
20050184958 Gnanamgari et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050185779 Toms Aug 2005 A1
20050187767 Godden Aug 2005 A1
20050187770 Kompe et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050187773 Filoche et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050190059 Wehrenberg Sep 2005 A1
20050190970 Griffin Sep 2005 A1
20050190973 Kristensson et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050191159 Benko Sep 2005 A1
20050192795 Lam et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050192801 Lewis et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050192807 Emam et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050192812 Buchholz et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050195077 Mcculloch et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050195429 Archbold Sep 2005 A1
20050196733 Budra et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050201572 Lindahl et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050202854 Kortum et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050203738 Hwang Sep 2005 A1
20050203747 Lecoeuche Sep 2005 A1
20050203782 Smith Sep 2005 A1
20050203991 Kawamura et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050209848 Ishii Sep 2005 A1
20050210394 Crandall et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050216271 Konig Sep 2005 A1
20050216331 Ahrens et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050222843 Kahn et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050222973 Kaiser Oct 2005 A1
20050228665 Kobayashi et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050245243 Zuniga Nov 2005 A1
20050246350 Canaran Nov 2005 A1
20050246365 Lowles et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050246686 Seshadri et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050246726 Labrou et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050251572 McMahan et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050254481 Vishik et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050255874 Stewart-Baxter et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050261901 Davis et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050261903 Kawazoe et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050262440 Stanciu et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050267738 Wilkinson et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050267757 Iso-Sipila et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050268247 Baneth Dec 2005 A1
20050271216 Lashkari Dec 2005 A1
20050273332 Scott et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050273337 Erell et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050273626 Pearson et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050275505 Himmelstein Dec 2005 A1
20050278297 Nelson Dec 2005 A1
20050278643 Ukai et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050278647 Leavitt et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050283363 Weng et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050283364 Longe et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050283726 Lunati Dec 2005 A1
20050283729 Morris et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050288934 Omi Dec 2005 A1
20050288936 Busayapongchai et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050289458 Kylmanen Dec 2005 A1
20050289463 Wu et al. Dec 2005 A1
20060001652 Chiu et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060004570 Ju et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060004640 Swierczek Jan 2006 A1
20060004744 Nevidomski et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060007174 Shen Jan 2006 A1
20060009973 Nguyen et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060013414 Shih Jan 2006 A1
20060013446 Stephens Jan 2006 A1
20060015317 Nakagawa Jan 2006 A1
20060015326 Mori et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060015341 Baker Jan 2006 A1
20060015484 Weng et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060015819 Hawkins et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060018446 Schmandt et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060018492 Chiu et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060020471 Ju Jan 2006 A1
20060020890 Kroll et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060025999 Feng et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060026233 Tenembaum et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060026521 Hotelling et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060026535 Hotelling et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060026536 Hotelling et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060033724 Chaudhri et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060035632 Sorvari et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060036946 Radtke et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060041424 Todhunter et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060041431 Maes Feb 2006 A1
20060041549 Gundersen et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060041590 King et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060041926 Istvan et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060047632 Zhang Mar 2006 A1
20060050865 Kortum et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060052141 Suzuki Mar 2006 A1
20060053007 Niemisto et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060053014 Yoshizawa Mar 2006 A1
20060053365 Hollander et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060053379 Henderson et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060053387 Ording Mar 2006 A1
20060058999 Barker et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060059424 Petri et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060059437 Conklin Mar 2006 A1
20060060762 Chan et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060061488 Dunton Mar 2006 A1
20060064693 Messer et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060067535 Culbert et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060067536 Culbert et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060069567 Tischer et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060069664 Ling et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060072248 Watanabe et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060072716 Pham Apr 2006 A1
20060074628 Elbaz et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060074651 Arun et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060074660 Waters et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060074674 Zhang et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060074750 Clark et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060074898 Gavalda et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060075429 Istvan et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060077055 Basir Apr 2006 A1
20060080098 Campbell Apr 2006 A1
20060085183 Jain Apr 2006 A1
20060085187 Barquilla Apr 2006 A1
20060085465 Nori et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060085757 Andre et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060093998 Vertegaal May 2006 A1
20060095265 Chu et al. May 2006 A1
20060095790 Nguyen et al. May 2006 A1
20060095846 Nurmi May 2006 A1
20060095848 Naik May 2006 A1
20060097991 Hotelling et al. May 2006 A1
20060100848 Cozzi et al. May 2006 A1
20060100849 Chan May 2006 A1
20060101354 Hashimoto et al. May 2006 A1
20060103633 Gioeli May 2006 A1
20060106592 Brockett et al. May 2006 A1
20060106594 Brockett et al. May 2006 A1
20060106595 Brockett et al. May 2006 A1
20060111906 Cross et al. May 2006 A1
20060111909 Maes et al. May 2006 A1
20060112810 Eves et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060116874 Samuelsson et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060116877 Pickering et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060117002 Swen Jun 2006 A1
20060119582 Ng et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060122834 Bennett Jun 2006 A1
20060122836 Cross et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060129379 Ramsey et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060129929 Weber et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060130006 Chitale Jun 2006 A1
20060132812 Barnes et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060135214 Zhang et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060136213 Hirose et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060136280 Cho et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060136352 Brun et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060141990 Zak et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060142576 Meng et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060142993 Menendez-Pidal et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060143007 Koh et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060143559 Spielberg et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060143576 Gupta et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060148520 Baker et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060149544 Hakkani-Tur et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060149557 Kaneko et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060149558 Kahn et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060150087 Cronenberger et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060152496 Knaven Jul 2006 A1
20060153040 Girish et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060156252 Sheshagiri et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060156307 Kunjithapatham et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060161870 Hotelling et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060161871 Hotelling et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060161872 Rytivaara et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060165105 Shenfield et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060167676 Plumb Jul 2006 A1
20060168150 Naik et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060168507 Hansen Jul 2006 A1
20060168539 Hawkins et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060172720 Islam et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060173683 Roth et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060173684 Fischer et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060174207 Deshpande Aug 2006 A1
20060178868 Billerey-Mosier Aug 2006 A1
20060181519 Vernier et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060183466 Lee et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060184370 Kwak et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060184886 Chung et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060187073 Lin et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060190169 Kawai Aug 2006 A1
20060190255 Fukada Aug 2006 A1
20060190269 Tessel et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060190436 Richardson et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060190577 Yamada Aug 2006 A1
20060193518 Dong Aug 2006 A1
20060194181 Rosenberg Aug 2006 A1
20060195206 Moon et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060195323 Monne et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060195516 Beaupre Aug 2006 A1
20060197753 Hotelling Sep 2006 A1
20060197755 Bawany Sep 2006 A1
20060200253 Hoffberg et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060200342 Corston-Oliver et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060200347 Kim et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060205432 Hawkins et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060206313 Xu et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060206454 Forstall et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060206724 Schaufele et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060212415 Backer et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060217967 Goertzen et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060218244 Rasmussen et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060221738 Park et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060221788 Lindahl et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060224570 Quiroga et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060229802 Vertelney et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060229870 Kobal Oct 2006 A1
20060229876 Aaron et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060230350 Baluja Oct 2006 A1
20060230410 Kurganov et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060234680 Doulton Oct 2006 A1
20060235550 Csicsatka et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060235690 Tomasic et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060235700 Wong et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060235841 Betz et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060236262 Bathiche et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060239419 Joseph et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060239471 Mao et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060240866 Eilts et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060241948 Abrash et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060242190 Wnek Oct 2006 A1
20060246955 Nirhamo et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060247931 Caskey et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060252457 Schrager Nov 2006 A1
20060253210 Rosenberg Nov 2006 A1
20060253787 Fogg Nov 2006 A1
20060256934 Mazor Nov 2006 A1
20060258376 Ewell et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060262876 LaDue Nov 2006 A1
20060265208 Assadollahi Nov 2006 A1
20060265503 Jones et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060265648 Rainisto et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060271364 Mirkovic et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060271627 Szczepanek Nov 2006 A1
20060274051 Longe et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060274905 Lindahl et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060277031 Ramsey et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060277058 J''maev et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060282264 Denny et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060282415 Shibata et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060282455 Lee et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060286527 Morel Dec 2006 A1
20060287864 Pusa et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060288024 Braica Dec 2006 A1
20060291666 Ball et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060293876 Kamatani et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060293880 Elshishiny et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060293886 Odell et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060293889 Kiss et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060293890 Blair et al. Dec 2006 A1
20070003026 Hodge et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070004451 Anderson Jan 2007 A1
20070005206 Zhang et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070005849 Oliver Jan 2007 A1
20070006098 Krumm et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070011154 Musgrove et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070014280 Cormier et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070016563 Omoigui Jan 2007 A1
20070016865 Johnson et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070021956 Qu et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070022380 Swartz et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070025704 Tsukazaki et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070026852 Logan et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070027732 Hudgens Feb 2007 A1
20070028009 Robbin et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070030824 Ribaudo et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070032247 Shaffer et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070033003 Morris Feb 2007 A1
20070033005 Cristo et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070033026 Bartosik et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070033054 Snitkovskiy et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070036117 Taube et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070036286 Champlin et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070036294 Chaudhuri et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070038436 Cristo et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070038452 Blair et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070038460 Navratil et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070038609 Wu Feb 2007 A1
20070040813 Kushler et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070041361 Iso-Sipila Feb 2007 A1
20070042812 Basir et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070043568 Dhanakshirur et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070043574 Coffman et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070043687 Bodart et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070043820 George et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070044038 Horentrup et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070046641 Lim Mar 2007 A1
20070047719 Dhawan et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070050184 Drucker et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070050191 Weider et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070050393 Vogel et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070050712 Hull et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070052586 Horstemeyer Mar 2007 A1
20070055493 Lee Mar 2007 A1
20070055508 Zhao et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070055514 Beattie et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070055525 Kennewick et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070055529 Kanevsky et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070058832 Hug et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070060107 Day Mar 2007 A1
20070060114 Ramer et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070060118 Guyette Mar 2007 A1
20070061152 Doi Mar 2007 A1
20070061487 Moore et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070061712 Bodin et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070061754 Ardhanari et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070067173 Bellegarda Mar 2007 A1
20070067272 Flynt et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070072553 Barbera Mar 2007 A1
20070073540 Hirakawa et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070073541 Tian Mar 2007 A1
20070073745 Scott et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070074131 Assadollahi et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070074617 Vergo Apr 2007 A1
20070075965 Huppi et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070079027 Marriott et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070080936 Tsuk et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070083366 Peters Apr 2007 A1
20070083467 Lindahl et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070083623 Nishimura et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070088556 Andrew Apr 2007 A1
20070089132 Qureshey et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070089135 Qureshey et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070093277 Cavacuiti et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070094026 Ativanichayaphong et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070098195 Holmes May 2007 A1
20070100206 Lin et al. May 2007 A1
20070100602 Kim May 2007 A1
20070100619 Purho et al. May 2007 A1
20070100624 Weng et al. May 2007 A1
20070100635 Mahajan et al. May 2007 A1
20070100709 Lee et al. May 2007 A1
20070100790 Cheyer et al. May 2007 A1
20070100814 Lee et al. May 2007 A1
20070100883 Rose et al. May 2007 A1
20070106491 Carter et al. May 2007 A1
20070106497 Ramsey et al. May 2007 A1
20070106512 Acero et al. May 2007 A1
20070106513 Boillot et al. May 2007 A1
20070106657 Brzeski et al. May 2007 A1
20070106674 Agrawal et al. May 2007 A1
20070106685 Houh et al. May 2007 A1
20070112562 Vainio et al. May 2007 A1
20070112568 Fingscheidt et al. May 2007 A1
20070116195 Thompson et al. May 2007 A1
20070118351 Sumita May 2007 A1
20070118377 Badino et al. May 2007 A1
20070118378 Skuratovsky May 2007 A1
20070121846 Altberg et al. May 2007 A1
20070124131 Chino et al. May 2007 A1
20070124132 Takeuchi et al. May 2007 A1
20070124149 Shen et al. May 2007 A1
20070124289 Imielinski May 2007 A1
20070124291 Hassan et al. May 2007 A1
20070124675 Ban et al. May 2007 A1
20070124676 Amundsen et al. May 2007 A1
20070127888 Hayashi et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070128777 Yin et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070129059 Nadarajah et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070129098 Cheng et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070130014 Altberg et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070130128 Garg et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070132738 Lowles et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070133771 Stifelman et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070135187 Kreiner et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070135949 Snover et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070136064 Carroll Jun 2007 A1
20070136071 Lee et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070136778 Birger et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070143163 Weiss et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070143376 McIntosh Jun 2007 A1
20070149252 Jobs et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070150403 Mock et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070150444 Chesnais et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070150842 Chaudhri et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070152978 Kocienda et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070152980 Kocienda et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070155346 Mijatovic et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070156410 Stohr et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070156627 D'Alicandro Jul 2007 A1
20070157089 Van Os et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070157268 Girish et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070162274 Ruiz et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070162296 Altberg et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070162414 Horowitz et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070165003 Fux et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070167136 Groth Jul 2007 A1
20070168922 Kaiser et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070173233 Vander Veen et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070173267 Klassen et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070174057 Genly Jul 2007 A1
20070174188 Fish Jul 2007 A1
20070174350 Pell et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070174396 Kumar et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070179776 Segond et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070179778 Gong et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070180383 Naik Aug 2007 A1
20070182595 Ghasabian Aug 2007 A1
20070185551 Meadows et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070185754 Schmidt Aug 2007 A1
20070185831 Churcher Aug 2007 A1
20070185917 Prahlad et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070188901 Heckerman et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070192026 Lee et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070192027 Lee et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070192095 Braho et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070192105 Neeracher et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070192179 Van et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070192293 Swen Aug 2007 A1
20070192403 Heine et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070192744 Reponen Aug 2007 A1
20070198267 Jones et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070198269 Braho et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070198273 Hennecke Aug 2007 A1
20070198566 Sustik Aug 2007 A1
20070203869 Ramsey et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070203955 Pomerantz Aug 2007 A1
20070207785 Chatterjee et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070208555 Blass et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070208569 Subramanian et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070208579 Peterson Sep 2007 A1
20070208726 Krishnaprasad et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070211071 Slotznick et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070213099 Bast Sep 2007 A1
20070213857 Bodin et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070213984 Ativanichayaphong et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070213986 Bodin et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070217693 Kretzschmar, Jr. Sep 2007 A1
20070219645 Thomas et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070219777 Chu et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070219786 Isaac et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070219801 Sundaram et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070219803 Chiu et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070219983 Fish Sep 2007 A1
20070225980 Sumita Sep 2007 A1
20070225984 Milstein et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070226652 Kikuchi et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070229323 Plachta et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070230729 Naylor et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070233484 Coelho et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070233487 Cohen et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070233490 Yao Oct 2007 A1
20070233497 Paek et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070233692 Lisa et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070233725 Michmerhuizen Oct 2007 A1
20070238488 Scott Oct 2007 A1
20070238489 Scott Oct 2007 A1
20070238520 Kacmarcik Oct 2007 A1
20070239429 Johnson et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070239453 Paek et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070240043 Fux et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070240044 Fux et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070240045 Fux et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070240172 Banker et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070241885 Clipsham et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070244702 Kahn et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070244976 Carroll et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070247441 Kim et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070255435 Cohen et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070255979 Deily et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070257890 Hotelling et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070258642 Thota Nov 2007 A1
20070260460 Hyatt Nov 2007 A1
20070260595 Beatty et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070260822 Adams Nov 2007 A1
20070261080 Saetti Nov 2007 A1
20070265831 Dinur et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070265850 Kennewick et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070271104 McKay Nov 2007 A1
20070271510 Grigoriu et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070274468 Cai Nov 2007 A1
20070276651 Bliss et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070276714 Beringer Nov 2007 A1
20070276810 Rosen Nov 2007 A1
20070277088 Bodin et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070281603 Nath et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070282595 Tunning et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070285958 Platchta et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070286363 Burg et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070286399 Ramamoorthy et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070288238 Hetherington et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070288241 Cross et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070288449 Datta et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070291108 Huber et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070294077 Narayanan et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070294078 Kim et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070294083 Bellegarda et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070294199 Nelken et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070294263 Punj et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070299664 Peters et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070299831 Williams et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070300140 Makela et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070300185 Macbeth et al. Dec 2007 A1
20080001785 Elizarov et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080010355 Vieri et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080010605 Frank et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080012950 Lee et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080013751 Hiselius Jan 2008 A1
20080015863 Agapi et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080015864 Ross et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080016575 Vincent et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080021708 Bennett et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080021886 Wang-Aryattanwanich et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080022208 Morse Jan 2008 A1
20080027726 Hansen et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080031475 Goldstein Feb 2008 A1
20080033719 Hall et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080034032 Healey et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080034044 Bhakta et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080036743 Westerman et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080040339 Zhou et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080042970 Liang et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080043936 Liebermann Feb 2008 A1
20080043943 Sipher et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080046239 Boo Feb 2008 A1
20080046250 Agapi et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080046422 Lee et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080046820 Lee et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080046948 Verosub Feb 2008 A1
20080048908 Sato Feb 2008 A1
20080050027 Bashyam et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080052063 Bennett et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080052073 Goto et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080052077 Bennett et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080052080 Narayanan et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080052262 Kosinov et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080055194 Baudino et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080056459 Vallier et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080056579 Guha Mar 2008 A1
20080057922 Kokes et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080059190 Chu et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080059200 Puli Mar 2008 A1
20080059876 Hantler et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080062141 Chaudhri Mar 2008 A1
20080065382 Gerl et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080065387 Cross et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080071529 Silverman et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080071544 Beaufays et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080071742 Yang et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080072143 Assadollahi Mar 2008 A1
20080075296 Lindahl et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080076972 Dorogusker et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080077310 Murlidar et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080077384 Agapi et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080077386 Gao et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080077391 Chino et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080077393 Gao et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080077406 Ganong, III Mar 2008 A1
20080077859 Schabes et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080079566 Singh et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080080411 Cole Apr 2008 A1
20080082332 Mallett et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080082338 O''Neil et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080082390 Hawkins et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080082576 Bodin et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080082651 Singh et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080084974 Dhanakshirur Apr 2008 A1
20080085689 Zellner Apr 2008 A1
20080091406 Baldwin et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080091426 Rempel et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080091428 Bellegarda Apr 2008 A1
20080091443 Strope et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080096531 Mcquaide et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080096533 Manfredi et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080096726 Riley et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080097937 Hadjarian Apr 2008 A1
20080098302 Roose Apr 2008 A1
20080098480 Henry et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080100579 Robinson et al. May 2008 A1
20080101584 Gray et al. May 2008 A1
20080103774 White May 2008 A1
20080109222 Liu May 2008 A1
20080109402 Wang et al. May 2008 A1
20080114480 Harb May 2008 A1
20080114598 Prieto et al. May 2008 A1
20080114604 Wei et al. May 2008 A1
20080114841 Lambert May 2008 A1
20080115084 Scott et al. May 2008 A1
20080118143 Gordon et al. May 2008 A1
20080119953 Reed May 2008 A1
20080120102 Rao May 2008 A1
20080120112 Jordan et al. May 2008 A1
20080120196 Reed et al. May 2008 A1
20080120311 Reed May 2008 A1
20080120312 Reed May 2008 A1
20080120330 Reed May 2008 A1
20080120342 Reed et al. May 2008 A1
20080122796 Jobs et al. May 2008 A1
20080124695 Myers et al. May 2008 A1
20080126075 Thorn et al. May 2008 A1
20080126077 Thorn May 2008 A1
20080126091 Clark et al. May 2008 A1
20080126093 Sivadas May 2008 A1
20080126100 Grost et al. May 2008 A1
20080126491 Portele et al. May 2008 A1
20080129520 Lee Jun 2008 A1
20080130867 Bowen Jun 2008 A1
20080131006 Oliver Jun 2008 A1
20080132221 Willey et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080132295 Horowitz Jun 2008 A1
20080133215 Sarukkai Jun 2008 A1
20080133228 Rao Jun 2008 A1
20080133230 Herforth et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080133241 Baker et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080133956 Fadell Jun 2008 A1
20080140413 Millman et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080140416 Shostak Jun 2008 A1
20080140652 Millman et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080140657 Azvine et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080140702 Reed et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080141125 Ghassabian et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080141180 Reed et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080141182 Barsness et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080146245 Appaji Jun 2008 A1
20080146290 Sreeram et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080147408 Da Palma et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080147411 Dames et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080147874 Yoneda et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080150900 Han Jun 2008 A1
20080154577 Kim et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080154599 Muschett et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080154600 Tian et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080154603 Oddo Jun 2008 A1
20080154612 Evermann et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080154828 Antebi et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080157867 Krah Jul 2008 A1
20080161113 Hansen et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080162120 Mactavish et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080162137 Saitoh et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080162471 Bernard Jul 2008 A1
20080163119 Kim et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080163131 Hirai et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080165144 Forstall et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080165980 Pavlovic et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080165994 Caren et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080167013 Novick et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080167858 Christie et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080167876 Bakis et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080168052 Ott et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080168366 Kocienda et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080183473 Nagano et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080186960 Kocheisen et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080189099 Friedman et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080189106 Low et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080189110 Freeman et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080189114 Fail et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080189606 Rybak Aug 2008 A1
20080195312 Aaron et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080195388 Bower et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080195391 Marple et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080195601 Ntoulas et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080195630 Exartier et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080195940 Gail et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080200142 Abdel-Kader et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080201000 Heikkila et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080201306 Cooper et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080201375 Khedouri et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080201434 Holmes et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080204379 Perez-Noguera Aug 2008 A1
20080207176 Brackbill et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080208585 Ativanichayaphong et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080208587 Ben-David et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080208864 Cucerzan et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080212796 Denda Sep 2008 A1
20080219641 Sandrew et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080221866 Katragadda et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080221879 Cerra et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080221880 Cerra et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080221887 Rose et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080221889 Cerra et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080221903 Kanevsky et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080222118 Scian et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080226130 Kansal et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080228463 Mori et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080228485 Owen Sep 2008 A1
20080228490 Fischer et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080228495 Cross et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080228496 Yu et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080228928 Donelli et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080229185 Lynch Sep 2008 A1
20080229218 Maeng Sep 2008 A1
20080235017 Satomura et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080235023 Kennewick et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080235024 Goldberg et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080235027 Cross Sep 2008 A1
20080240569 Tonouchi Oct 2008 A1
20080242280 Shapiro et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080242322 Scott et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080242363 Onda et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080243834 Rieman et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080244390 Fux et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080244446 Lefevre et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080247519 Abella et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080247529 Barton et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080248797 Freeman Oct 2008 A1
20080249770 Kim et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080249778 Barton et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080253577 Eppolito Oct 2008 A1
20080254425 Cohen et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080255837 Kahn et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080255842 Simhi et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080255845 Bennett Oct 2008 A1
20080256613 Grover Oct 2008 A1
20080259022 Mansfield et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080262828 Och et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080262838 Nurminen et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080262846 Burns et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080263139 Martin Oct 2008 A1
20080267416 Goldstein et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080270118 Kuo et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080270138 Knight et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080270139 Shi et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080270140 Hertz et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080270151 Mahoney et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080270344 Yurick et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080273672 Didcock et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080277473 Kotlarsky et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080281510 Shahine Nov 2008 A1
20080281582 Hsu et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080288259 Chambers et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080288460 Poniatowski et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080292112 Valenzuela et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080294418 Cleary et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080294517 Hill Nov 2008 A1
20080294651 Masuyama et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080294981 Balzano et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080298563 Rondeau et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080298766 Wen et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080299523 Chai et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080300871 Gilbert Dec 2008 A1
20080300877 Gilbert et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080300878 Bennett Dec 2008 A1
20080301567 Martin et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080303645 Seymour et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080306727 Thurmair et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080312909 Hermansen et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080312928 Goebel et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080313335 Jung et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080316183 Westerman et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080319735 Kambhatla et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080319738 Liu et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080319753 Hancock Dec 2008 A1
20080319763 Di Fabbrizio et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080319783 Yao et al. Dec 2008 A1
20090003115 Lindahl et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090005012 Van Heugten Jan 2009 A1
20090005891 Batson et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090006096 Li et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090006097 Etezadi et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090006099 Sharpe et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090006100 Badger et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090006343 Platt et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090006345 Platt et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090006488 Lindahl et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090006671 Batson et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090007001 Morin et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090011709 Akasaka et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090012748 Beish et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090012775 El Hady et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090018828 Nakadai et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090018829 Kuperstein Jan 2009 A1
20090018834 Cooper et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090018835 Cooper et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090018839 Cooper et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090018840 Lutz et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090022329 Mahowald Jan 2009 A1
20090024595 Chen Jan 2009 A1
20090028435 Wu et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090030800 Grois Jan 2009 A1
20090030978 Johnson et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090043580 Mozer et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090043583 Agapi et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090043763 Peng Feb 2009 A1
20090044094 Rapp et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090048821 Yam et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090048845 Burckart et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090049067 Murray Feb 2009 A1
20090055168 Wu et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090055175 Terrell et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090055179 Cho et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090055186 Lance et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090055380 Peng et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090055381 Wu et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090055648 Kim et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090058823 Kocienda Mar 2009 A1
20090058860 Fong et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090060351 Li et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090060472 Bull et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090063974 Bull et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090064031 Bull et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090070097 Wu et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090070102 Maegawa Mar 2009 A1
20090070109 Didcock et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090070114 Staszak Mar 2009 A1
20090074214 Bradford et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090076792 Lawson-Tancred Mar 2009 A1
20090076796 Daraselia Mar 2009 A1
20090076798 Oh et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090076819 Wouters et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090076821 Brenner et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090076825 Bradford et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090077165 Rhodes et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090079622 Seshadri et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090083034 Hernandez et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090083035 Huang et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090083036 Zhao et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090083037 Gleason et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090083047 Lindahl et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090089058 Bellegarda Apr 2009 A1
20090092239 Macwan et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090092260 Powers Apr 2009 A1
20090092261 Bard Apr 2009 A1
20090092262 Costa et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090094029 Koch et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090094033 Mozer et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090097634 Nambiar et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090097637 Boscher et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090098903 Donaldson et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090100049 Cao Apr 2009 A1
20090100454 Weber Apr 2009 A1
20090104898 Harris Apr 2009 A1
20090106026 Ferrieux Apr 2009 A1
20090106376 Tom et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090106397 O'Keefe Apr 2009 A1
20090112572 Thorn Apr 2009 A1
20090112576 Jackson et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090112592 Candelore et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090112677 Rhett Apr 2009 A1
20090112892 Cardie et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090119587 Allen et al. May 2009 A1
20090123021 Jung et al. May 2009 A1
20090123071 Iwasaki May 2009 A1
20090125477 Lu et al. May 2009 A1
20090125602 Bhatia et al. May 2009 A1
20090125947 Ibaraki May 2009 A1
20090128505 Partridge et al. May 2009 A1
20090132253 Bellegarda May 2009 A1
20090132255 Lu May 2009 A1
20090137286 Luke et al. May 2009 A1
20090138263 Shozakai et al. May 2009 A1
20090138736 Chin May 2009 A1
20090138828 Schultz et al. May 2009 A1
20090144049 Haddad et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090144428 Bowater et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090144609 Liang et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090146848 Ghassabian Jun 2009 A1
20090150147 Jacoby et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090150156 Kennewick et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090152349 Bonev et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090153288 Hope et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090154669 Wood et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090157382 Bar Jun 2009 A1
20090157384 Toutanova et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090157401 Bennett Jun 2009 A1
20090158200 Palahnuk et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090158323 Bober et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090158423 Orlassino et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090160803 Hashimoto Jun 2009 A1
20090163243 Barbera Jun 2009 A1
20090164301 O'Sullivan et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090164441 Cheyer Jun 2009 A1
20090164655 Pettersson et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090164937 Alviar et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090167508 Fadell et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090167509 Fadell et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090171578 Kim et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090171662 Huang et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090171664 Kennewick et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090172108 Singh Jul 2009 A1
20090172542 Girish et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090174667 Kocienda et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090174677 Gehani et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090177300 Lee Jul 2009 A1
20090177461 Ehsani et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090177966 Chaudhri Jul 2009 A1
20090182445 Girish et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090182549 Anisimovich et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090182702 Miller Jul 2009 A1
20090183070 Robbins Jul 2009 A1
20090187402 Scholl Jul 2009 A1
20090187577 Reznik et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090187950 Nicas et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090191895 Singh et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090192782 Drewes Jul 2009 A1
20090192787 Roon Jul 2009 A1
20090192798 Basson et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090198497 Kwon Aug 2009 A1
20090204409 Mozer et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090204478 Kaib et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090204596 Brun et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090204601 Grasset Aug 2009 A1
20090204620 Thione et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090210230 Schwarz et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090210232 Sanchez et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090213134 Stephanick et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090215466 Ahl et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090215503 Zhang et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090216396 Yamagata Aug 2009 A1
20090216528 Gemello et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090216540 Tessel et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090216704 Zheng et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090219166 MacFarlane et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090221274 Venkatakrishnan et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090222257 Sumita et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090222270 Likens et al. Sep 2009 A2
20090222488 Boerries et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090228126 Spielberg et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090228273 Wang et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090228277 Bonforte et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090228281 Singleton et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090228439 Manolescu et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090228792 Van Os et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090228842 Westerman et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090234638 Ranjan et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090234651 Basir et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090234655 Kwon Sep 2009 A1
20090235280 Tannier et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090239202 Stone Sep 2009 A1
20090239552 Churchill et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090240485 Dalal et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090241054 Hendricks Sep 2009 A1
20090241760 Georges Oct 2009 A1
20090247237 Mittleman et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090248182 Logan et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090248395 Alewine et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090248402 Ito et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090248420 Basir et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090248422 Li et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090248456 Fahmy et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090249198 Davis et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090249247 Tseng et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090252350 Seguin Oct 2009 A1
20090253457 Seguin Oct 2009 A1
20090253463 Shin et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090254339 Seguin Oct 2009 A1
20090254345 Fleizach et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090254819 Song et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090254823 Barrett Oct 2009 A1
20090259475 Yamagami et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090259969 Pallakoff Oct 2009 A1
20090265171 Davis Oct 2009 A1
20090265368 Crider et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090271109 Lee et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090271175 Bodin et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090271176 Bodin et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090271178 Bodin et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090271188 Agapi et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090271189 Agapi et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090274315 Carnes et al. Nov 2009 A1
20090281789 Waibel et al. Nov 2009 A1
20090284482 Chin Nov 2009 A1
20090286514 Lichorowic et al. Nov 2009 A1
20090287583 Holmes Nov 2009 A1
20090290718 Kahn et al. Nov 2009 A1
20090292987 Sorenson Nov 2009 A1
20090296552 Hicks et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090298474 George Dec 2009 A1
20090298529 Mahajan Dec 2009 A1
20090299745 Kennewick et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090299849 Cao et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090300391 Jessup et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090300488 Salamon et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090304198 Herre et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090305203 Okumura et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090306967 Nicolov et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090306969 Goud et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090306979 Jaiswal et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090306980 Shin Dec 2009 A1
20090306981 Cromack et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090306985 Roberts et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090306988 Chen et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090306989 Kaji Dec 2009 A1
20090307162 Bui et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090307201 Dunning et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090307584 Davidson et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090307594 Kosonen et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090313014 Shin et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090313020 Koivunen Dec 2009 A1
20090313023 Jones Dec 2009 A1
20090313026 Coffman et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090313544 Wood et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090313564 Rottler et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090316943 Frigola Munoz et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090318119 Basir et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090318198 Carroll Dec 2009 A1
20090319257 Blume et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090319266 Brown et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090326923 Yan et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090326936 Nagashima Dec 2009 A1
20090326938 Marila et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090326949 Douthitt et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090327977 Bachfischer et al. Dec 2009 A1
20100004918 Lee et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100004931 Ma et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100005081 Bennett Jan 2010 A1
20100010803 Ishikawa et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100010814 Patel Jan 2010 A1
20100013760 Hirai et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100013796 Abileah et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100017212 Attwater et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100017382 Katragadda et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100019834 Zerbe et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100023318 Lemoine Jan 2010 A1
20100023320 Di Cristo et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100023331 Duta et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100026526 Yokota Feb 2010 A1
20100030549 Lee et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100030928 Conroy et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100031143 Rao et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100036653 Kim et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100036655 Cecil et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100036660 Bennett Feb 2010 A1
20100037183 Miyashita et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100042400 Block et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100042576 Roettger et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100046842 Conwell et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100049498 Cao et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100049514 Kennewick et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100050064 Liu et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100054512 Solum Mar 2010 A1
20100057443 Di Cristo et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100057457 Ogata et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100057461 Neubacher et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100057643 Yang Mar 2010 A1
20100060646 Unsal et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100063804 Sato et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100063825 Williams et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100063961 Guiheneuf et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100064113 Lindahl et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100064218 Bull et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100064226 Stefaniak et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100066684 Shahraray et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100067723 Bergmann et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100067867 Lin et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100070281 Conkie et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100070521 Clinchant et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100070899 Hunt et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100071003 Bychkov et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100076760 Kraenzel et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100076993 Klawitter et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100077350 Lim et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100079501 Ikeda et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100080398 Waldmann Apr 2010 A1
20100080470 Deluca et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100081456 Singh et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100081487 Chen et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100082286 Leung Apr 2010 A1
20100082327 Rogers et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100082328 Rogers et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100082329 Silverman et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100082333 Al-Shammari Apr 2010 A1
20100082346 Rogers et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100082347 Rogers et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100082348 Silverman et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100082349 Bellegarda et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100082567 Rosenblatt et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100082970 Lindahl et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100086152 Rank et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100086153 Hagen et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100086156 Rank et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100088020 Sano et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100088093 Lee et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100088100 Lindahl Apr 2010 A1
20100094632 Davis et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100098231 Wohlert et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100100212 Lindahl et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100100384 Ju et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100100385 Davis et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100100816 Mccloskey et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100103776 Chan Apr 2010 A1
20100106486 Hua et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100106498 Morrison et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100106500 McKee et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100106503 Farrell et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100114856 Kuboyama May 2010 A1
20100114887 Conway et al. May 2010 A1
20100121637 Roy et al. May 2010 A1
20100125456 Weng et al. May 2010 A1
20100125458 Franco et al. May 2010 A1
20100125460 Mellott et al. May 2010 A1
20100125811 Moore et al. May 2010 A1
20100131269 Park et al. May 2010 A1
20100131273 Aley-Raz et al. May 2010 A1
20100131498 Linthicum et al. May 2010 A1
20100131899 Hubert May 2010 A1
20100138215 Williams Jun 2010 A1
20100138224 Bedingfield, Sr. Jun 2010 A1
20100138416 Bellotti Jun 2010 A1
20100138680 Brisebois et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100138759 Roy Jun 2010 A1
20100138798 Wilson et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100142740 Roerup Jun 2010 A1
20100145694 Ju et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100145700 Kennewick et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100145707 Ljolje et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100146442 Nagasaka et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100150321 Harris et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100153114 Shih et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100153115 Klee et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100153448 Harpur et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100161311 Massuh Jun 2010 A1
20100161313 Karttunen Jun 2010 A1
20100161337 Pulz et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100161554 Datuashvili et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100164897 Morin et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100169075 Raffa et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100169093 Washio Jul 2010 A1
20100169097 Nachman et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100169098 Patch Jul 2010 A1
20100171713 Kwok et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100174544 Heifets Jul 2010 A1
20100175066 Paik Jul 2010 A1
20100179932 Yoon et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100179991 Lorch et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100180218 Boston et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100185448 Meisel Jul 2010 A1
20100185949 Jaeger Jul 2010 A1
20100191520 Gruhn et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100197359 Harris Aug 2010 A1
20100199180 Brichter et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100199215 Seymour et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100204986 Kennewick et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100211199 Naik et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100211379 Gorman et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100216509 Riemer et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100217604 Baldwin Aug 2010 A1
20100222033 Scott et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100222098 Garg Sep 2010 A1
20100223055 Mclean Sep 2010 A1
20100223056 Kadirkamanathan et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100223131 Scott et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100225599 Danielsson et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100225809 Connors et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100227642 Kim et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100228540 Bennett Sep 2010 A1
20100228549 Herman et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100228691 Yang et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100229082 Karmarkar et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100229100 Miller et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100231474 Yamagajo et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100235167 Bourdon Sep 2010 A1
20100235341 Bennett Sep 2010 A1
20100235729 Kocienda et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100235732 Bergman Sep 2010 A1
20100235770 Ording et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100241418 Maeda et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100250542 Fujimaki Sep 2010 A1
20100250599 Schmidt et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100255858 Juhasz Oct 2010 A1
20100257160 Cao Oct 2010 A1
20100257478 Longe et al. Oct 2010 A1
20100262599 Nitz Oct 2010 A1
20100268537 Al-Telmissani Oct 2010 A1
20100268539 Xu et al. Oct 2010 A1
20100269040 Lee Oct 2010 A1
20100274753 Liberty et al. Oct 2010 A1
20100277579 Cho et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100278320 Arsenault et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100278453 King Nov 2010 A1
20100280983 Cho et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100281034 Petrou et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100286984 Wandinger et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100286985 Kennewick et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100287514 Cragun et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100290632 Lin Nov 2010 A1
20100293460 Budelli Nov 2010 A1
20100295645 Falldin et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100299133 Kopparapu et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100299138 Kim Nov 2010 A1
20100299142 Freeman et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100302056 Dutton et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100304342 Zilber Dec 2010 A1
20100304705 Hursey et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100305807 Basir et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100305947 Schwarz et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100312547 Van Os et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100312566 Odinak et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100318366 Sullivan et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100318576 Kim Dec 2010 A1
20100322438 Siotis Dec 2010 A1
20100324709 Starmen Dec 2010 A1
20100324895 Kurzweil et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100324896 Attwater et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100324905 Kurzweil et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100325131 Dumais et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100325158 Oral et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100325573 Estrada et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100325588 Reddy et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100330908 Maddern et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100332220 Hursey et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100332224 Mäkelä et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100332235 David Dec 2010 A1
20100332236 Tan Dec 2010 A1
20100332280 Bradley et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100332348 Cao Dec 2010 A1
20100332428 Mchenry et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100332976 Fux et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100333030 Johns Dec 2010 A1
20100333163 Daly Dec 2010 A1
20110002487 Panther et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110004475 Bellegarda Jan 2011 A1
20110009107 Cuba et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110010178 Lee et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110010644 Merrill et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110015928 Odell et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110016150 Engstrom et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110018695 Bells et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110021213 Carr Jan 2011 A1
20110022292 Shen et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110022388 Wu et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110022393 Waller et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110022394 Wide et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110022472 Zon et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110022952 Wu et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110029616 Wang et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110030067 Wilson Feb 2011 A1
20110033064 Johnson et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110034183 Haag et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110035144 Okamoto et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110035434 Lockwood Feb 2011 A1
20110038489 Visser et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110040707 Theisen et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110045841 Kuhlke et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110047072 Ciurea Feb 2011 A1
20110047149 Vaananen Feb 2011 A1
20110047161 Myaeng et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110050591 Kim et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110050592 Kim et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110054647 Chipchase Mar 2011 A1
20110054894 Phillips et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110054901 Qin et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110055256 Phillips et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110060584 Ferrucci et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110060587 Phillips et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110060589 Weinberg et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110060807 Martin et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110064387 Mendeloff et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110065456 Brennan et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110066366 Ellanti et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110066468 Huang et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110066634 Phillips et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110072492 Mohler et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110076994 Kim et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110077943 Miki et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110080260 Wang et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110081889 Gao et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110082688 Kim et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110083079 Farrell et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110087491 Wittenstein et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110090078 Kim et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110093261 Angott Apr 2011 A1
20110093265 Stent et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110093271 Bernard et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110099000 Rai et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110103682 Chidlovskii et al. May 2011 A1
20110105097 Tadayon et al. May 2011 A1
20110106736 Aharonson et al. May 2011 A1
20110106892 Nelson et al. May 2011 A1
20110110502 Daye et al. May 2011 A1
20110111724 Baptiste May 2011 A1
20110112827 Kennewick et al. May 2011 A1
20110112837 Kurki-Suonio et al. May 2011 A1
20110112838 Adibi May 2011 A1
20110112921 Kennewick et al. May 2011 A1
20110116610 Shaw et al. May 2011 A1
20110119049 Ylonen May 2011 A1
20110119051 Li et al. May 2011 A1
20110119623 Kim May 2011 A1
20110119715 Chang et al. May 2011 A1
20110123004 Chang et al. May 2011 A1
20110125498 Pickering et al. May 2011 A1
20110125540 Jang et al. May 2011 A1
20110125701 Nair et al. May 2011 A1
20110130958 Stahl et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110131036 DiCristo et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110131038 Oyaizu et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110131045 Cristo et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110137636 Srihari et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110141141 Kankainen Jun 2011 A1
20110143726 de Silva Jun 2011 A1
20110143811 Rodriguez Jun 2011 A1
20110144857 Wingrove et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110144901 Wang Jun 2011 A1
20110144973 Bocchieri et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110144999 Jang et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110145718 Ketola et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110151830 Blanda et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110153209 Geelen Jun 2011 A1
20110153322 Kwak et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110153324 Ballinger et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110153329 Moorer Jun 2011 A1
20110153330 Yazdani et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110153373 Dantzig et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110154193 Creutz et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110157029 Tseng Jun 2011 A1
20110161072 Terao et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110161076 Davis et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110161079 Gruhn et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110161309 Lung et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110161852 Vainio et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110166851 LeBeau et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110167350 Hoellwarth Jul 2011 A1
20110175810 Markovic et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110179002 Dumitru et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110179372 Moore et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110183650 Mckee et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110184721 Subramanian et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110184730 LeBeau et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110184736 Slotznick Jul 2011 A1
20110184768 Norton et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110185288 Gupta et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110191108 Friedlander Aug 2011 A1
20110191271 Baker et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110191344 Jin et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110195758 Damale et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110196670 Dang et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110197128 Assadollahi et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110201385 Higginbotham et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110201387 Paek et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110202526 Lee et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110205149 Tom et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110208511 Sikstrom et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110208524 Haughay Aug 2011 A1
20110209088 Hinckley et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110212717 Rhoads et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110218806 Alewine et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110218855 Cao et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110219018 Bailey et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110223893 Lau et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110224972 Millett et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110228913 Cochinwala et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110231182 Weider et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110231184 Kerr Sep 2011 A1
20110231188 Kennewick et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110231432 Sata et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110231474 Locker et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110238407 Kent Sep 2011 A1
20110238408 Larcheveque et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110238676 Liu et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110239111 Grover Sep 2011 A1
20110242007 Gray et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110246471 Rakib et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110249144 Chang Oct 2011 A1
20110250570 Mack et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110258188 Abdalmageed et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110260829 Lee Oct 2011 A1
20110260861 Singh et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110264643 Cao Oct 2011 A1
20110264999 Bells et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110274303 Filson et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110276595 Kirkland et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110276598 Kozempel Nov 2011 A1
20110276944 Bergman et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110279368 Klein et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110282663 Talwar et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110282888 Koperski et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110282906 Wong Nov 2011 A1
20110283189 McCarty Nov 2011 A1
20110288852 Dymetman et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110288855 Roy Nov 2011 A1
20110288861 Kurzweil et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110288863 Rasmussen Nov 2011 A1
20110288866 Rasmussen Nov 2011 A1
20110298585 Barry Dec 2011 A1
20110301943 Patch Dec 2011 A1
20110302162 Xiao et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110306426 Novak et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110307241 Waibel et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110307491 Fisk et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110307810 Hilerio et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110313775 Laligand et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110314032 Bennett et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110314404 Kotler et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110320187 Motik et al. Dec 2011 A1
20120002820 Leichter Jan 2012 A1
20120005602 Anttila et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120008754 Mukherjee et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120010886 Razavilar Jan 2012 A1
20120011138 Dunning et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120013609 Reponen et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120015629 Olsen et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120016658 Wu et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120016678 Gruber et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120019400 Patel et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120020490 Leichter Jan 2012 A1
20120022787 LeBeau et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022857 Baldwin et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022860 Lloyd et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022868 LeBeau et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022869 Lloyd et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022870 Kristjansson et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022872 Gruber et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022874 Lloyd et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022876 LeBeau et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022967 Bachman et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120023088 Cheng et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120023095 Wadycki et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120023462 Rosing et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120029661 Jones et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120029910 Medlock et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120034904 LeBeau et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120035907 Lebeau et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120035908 Lebeau et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120035924 Jitkoff et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120035925 Friend et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120035926 Ambler Feb 2012 A1
20120035931 LeBeau et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120035932 Jitkoff et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120036556 LeBeau et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120039539 Boiman et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120041752 Wang et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120042014 Desai et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120042343 Laligand et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120053815 Montanari et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120053829 Agarwal et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120053945 Gupta et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120056815 Mehra Mar 2012 A1
20120059655 Cartales Mar 2012 A1
20120062473 Xiao et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120066212 Jennings Mar 2012 A1
20120066581 Spalink Mar 2012 A1
20120075054 Ge et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120078611 Soltani et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120078624 Yook et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120078627 Wagner Mar 2012 A1
20120082317 Pance et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120083286 Kim et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120084086 Gilbert et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120084634 Wong et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120088219 Briscoe et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120089331 Schmidt et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120108166 Hymel May 2012 A1
20120108221 Thomas et al. May 2012 A1
20120116770 Chen et al. May 2012 A1
20120117499 Mori et al. May 2012 A1
20120124126 Alcazar et al. May 2012 A1
20120128322 Shaffer et al. May 2012 A1
20120130709 Bocchieri et al. May 2012 A1
20120136572 Norton May 2012 A1
20120136985 Popescu et al. May 2012 A1
20120137367 Dupont et al. May 2012 A1
20120149342 Cohen et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120149394 Singh et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120150544 McLoughlin et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120150580 Norton Jun 2012 A1
20120158293 Burnham Jun 2012 A1
20120158399 Tremblay et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120158422 Burnham et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120159380 Kocienda et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120163710 Skaff et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120166196 Ju et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120173222 Wang et al. Jul 2012 A1
20120173244 Kwak et al. Jul 2012 A1
20120173464 Tur et al. Jul 2012 A1
20120174121 Treat et al. Jul 2012 A1
20120179457 Newman et al. Jul 2012 A1
20120179467 Williams Jul 2012 A1
20120185237 Gajic et al. Jul 2012 A1
20120185480 Ni et al. Jul 2012 A1
20120185781 Guzman et al. Jul 2012 A1
20120191461 Lin et al. Jul 2012 A1
20120192096 Bowman et al. Jul 2012 A1
20120197743 Grigg et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120197995 Caruso Aug 2012 A1
20120197998 Kessel et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120201362 Crossan et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120209853 Desai et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120209874 Wong et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120214141 Raya et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120214517 Singh et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120215762 Hall et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120221339 Wang et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120221552 Reponen et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120223889 Medlock et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120223936 Aughey et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120232885 Barbosa et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120232886 Capuozzo et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120232906 Lindahl et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120239661 Giblin Sep 2012 A1
20120239761 Linner et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120242482 Elumalai et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120245719 Story, Jr. et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120245941 Cheyer Sep 2012 A1
20120245944 Gruber et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120246064 Balkow Sep 2012 A1
20120250858 Iqbal et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120252367 Gaglio et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120252540 Kirigaya Oct 2012 A1
20120253785 Hamid et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120254143 Varma et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120254152 Park et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120254290 Naaman Oct 2012 A1
20120259615 Morin et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120265528 Gruber et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120265535 Bryant-Rich et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120265806 Blanchflower et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120271625 Bernard Oct 2012 A1
20120271634 Lenke Oct 2012 A1
20120271635 Ljolje Oct 2012 A1
20120271640 Basir Oct 2012 A1
20120271676 Aravamudan et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120275377 Lehane et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120284015 Drewes Nov 2012 A1
20120284027 Mallett et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120290291 Shelley et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120290300 Lee et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120295708 Hernandez-Abrego et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120296649 Bansal et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120296654 Hendrickson et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120296891 Rangan Nov 2012 A1
20120297348 Santoro Nov 2012 A1
20120303369 Brush et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120303371 Labsky et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120304124 Chen et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120309363 Gruber et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120310642 Cao et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120310649 Cannistraro et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120310652 O'Sullivan Dec 2012 A1
20120310922 Johnson et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120311478 Van Os et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120311583 Gruber et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120311584 Gruber et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120311585 Gruber et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120316862 Sultan et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120316878 Singleton et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120317194 Tian Dec 2012 A1
20120317498 Logan et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120321112 Schubert et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120324391 Tocci et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120327009 Fleizach Dec 2012 A1
20120329529 van der Raadt Dec 2012 A1
20120330660 Jaiswal Dec 2012 A1
20120330661 Lindahl Dec 2012 A1
20120330990 Chen et al. Dec 2012 A1
20130005405 Prociw Jan 2013 A1
20130006633 Grokop et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130006637 Kanevsky et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130006638 Lindahl Jan 2013 A1
20130007648 Gamon et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130010575 He et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130013313 Shechtman et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130013319 Grant et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130018659 Chi Jan 2013 A1
20130027875 Zhu et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130030804 Zavaliagko et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130030815 Madhvanath et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130030955 David Jan 2013 A1
20130031476 Coin et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130035086 Chardon et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130035942 Kim et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130035961 Yegnanarayanan Feb 2013 A1
20130041647 Ramerth et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130041654 Walker et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130041661 Lee et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130041665 Jang et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130041968 Cohen et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130046544 Kay et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130050089 Neels et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130054550 Bolohan Feb 2013 A1
20130054609 Rajput et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130054613 Bishop Feb 2013 A1
20130054675 Jenkins et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130054706 Graham et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130055099 Yao et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130055147 Vasudev et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130063611 Papakipos et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130066832 Sheehan et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130067307 Tian et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130073286 Bastea-Forte et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130080152 Brun et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130080162 Chang et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130080167 Mozer Mar 2013 A1
20130080177 Chen Mar 2013 A1
20130080251 Dempski Mar 2013 A1
20130085755 Bringert et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130085761 Bringert et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130090921 Liu et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130091090 Spivack et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130095805 Lebeau et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130096909 Brun et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130096917 Edgar et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130097566 Berglund Apr 2013 A1
20130097682 Zeljkovic et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130100268 Mihailidis et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130103391 Millmore et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130106742 Lee et al. May 2013 A1
20130110505 Gruber et al. May 2013 A1
20130110515 Guzzoni et al. May 2013 A1
20130110518 Gruber et al. May 2013 A1
20130110519 Cheyer et al. May 2013 A1
20130110520 Cheyer et al. May 2013 A1
20130111330 Staikos et al. May 2013 A1
20130111348 Gruber et al. May 2013 A1
20130111487 Cheyer et al. May 2013 A1
20130115927 Gruber et al. May 2013 A1
20130117022 Chen et al. May 2013 A1
20130124189 Baldwin et al. May 2013 A1
20130132084 Stonehocker et al. May 2013 A1
20130132089 Fanty et al. May 2013 A1
20130132871 Zeng et al. May 2013 A1
20130141551 Kim Jun 2013 A1
20130142317 Reynolds Jun 2013 A1
20130142345 Waldmann Jun 2013 A1
20130144594 Bangalore et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130144616 Bangalore et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130151339 Kim et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130152092 Yadgar et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130154811 Ferren et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130158977 Senior Jun 2013 A1
20130165232 Nelson et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130166303 Chang et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130166442 Nakajima et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130170738 Capuozzo et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130172022 Seymour et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130176244 Yamamoto et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130176592 Sasaki Jul 2013 A1
20130179440 Gordon Jul 2013 A1
20130183944 Mozer et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130185059 Riccardi et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130185074 Gruber et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130185081 Cheyer et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130185336 Singh et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130187850 Schulz et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130191117 Atti et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130197911 Wei et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130204813 Master et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130207898 Sullivan et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130218553 Fujii et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130218560 Hsiao et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130222249 Pasquero et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130225128 Gomar Aug 2013 A1
20130231917 Naik Sep 2013 A1
20130234947 Kristensson et al. Sep 2013 A1
20130235987 Arroniz-Escobar et al. Sep 2013 A1
20130238647 Thompson Sep 2013 A1
20130244615 Miller et al. Sep 2013 A1
20130246048 Nagase et al. Sep 2013 A1
20130246050 Yu et al. Sep 2013 A1
20130253911 Petri et al. Sep 2013 A1
20130253912 Medlock et al. Sep 2013 A1
20130275117 Winer Oct 2013 A1
20130275138 Gruber et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130275164 Gruber et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130275625 Taivalsaari et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130275875 Gruber et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130275899 Schubert et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130283168 Brown et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130289991 Eshwar et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130289993 Rao et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130289994 Newman et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130291015 Pan Oct 2013 A1
20130297317 Lee et al. Nov 2013 A1
20130297319 Kim Nov 2013 A1
20130297348 Cardoza et al. Nov 2013 A1
20130304479 Teller et al. Nov 2013 A1
20130304758 Gruber et al. Nov 2013 A1
20130304815 Puente et al. Nov 2013 A1
20130305119 Kern et al. Nov 2013 A1
20130307855 Lamb et al. Nov 2013 A1
20130307997 O'Keefe et al. Nov 2013 A1
20130308922 Sano et al. Nov 2013 A1
20130311997 Gruber et al. Nov 2013 A1
20130316746 Miller et al. Nov 2013 A1
20130322634 Bennett Dec 2013 A1
20130325436 Wang et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130325443 Begeja et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130325447 Levien et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130325448 Levien et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130325481 Van Os et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130325484 Chakladar et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130325979 Mansfield et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130329023 Suplee, III et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130332159 Federighi et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130332162 Keen Dec 2013 A1
20130332164 Nalk Dec 2013 A1
20130332168 Kim et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130332400 González Dec 2013 A1
20130339256 Shroff Dec 2013 A1
20130346068 Solem et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130346347 Patterson et al. Dec 2013 A1
20140006012 Zhou et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140006025 Krishnan et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140006027 Kim et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140006153 Thangam et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140012580 Ganong et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140012586 Rubin et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140019116 Lundberg et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140019133 Bao et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140028735 Williams et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140032453 Eustice et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140033071 Gruber et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140035823 Khoe et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140039894 Shostak Feb 2014 A1
20140040274 Aravamudan et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140040748 Lemay et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140040801 Patel et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140040918 Li et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140046934 Zhou et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140047001 Phillips et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140052680 Nitz et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140052791 Chakra et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140053082 Park et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140057610 Olincy et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140059030 Hakkani-Tur et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140067361 Nikoulina et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140067371 Liensberger Mar 2014 A1
20140067402 Kim Mar 2014 A1
20140068751 Last et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140074466 Sharifi Mar 2014 A1
20140074470 Jansche et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140074472 Lin et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140074815 Plimton Mar 2014 A1
20140078065 Akkok et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140080428 Rhoads et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140081633 Badaskar et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140082501 Bae et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140086458 Rogers et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140087711 Geyer et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140088961 Woodward et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140095171 Lynch et al. Apr 2014 A1
20140095172 Cabaco et al. Apr 2014 A1
20140095173 Lynch et al. Apr 2014 A1
20140096209 Saraf et al. Apr 2014 A1
20140098247 Rao et al. Apr 2014 A1
20140108017 Mason et al. Apr 2014 A1
20140114554 Lagassey Apr 2014 A1
20140118155 Bowers et al. May 2014 A1
20140122059 Patel et al. May 2014 A1
20140122086 Kapur et al. May 2014 A1
20140122136 Jayanthi May 2014 A1
20140122153 Truitt May 2014 A1
20140135036 Bonanni et al. May 2014 A1
20140136187 Wolverton et al. May 2014 A1
20140136195 Abdossalami et al. May 2014 A1
20140136212 Kwon et al. May 2014 A1
20140136946 Matas May 2014 A1
20140142923 Jones et al. May 2014 A1
20140142935 Lindahl et al. May 2014 A1
20140143550 Ganong, III et al. May 2014 A1
20140143721 Suzuki et al. May 2014 A1
20140146200 Scott et al. May 2014 A1
20140152577 Yuen et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140155031 Lee et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140157422 Livshits et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140163951 Nikoulina et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140163953 Parikh Jun 2014 A1
20140163981 Cook et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140164532 Lynch et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140173460 Kim Jun 2014 A1
20140180499 Cooper et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140180689 Kim et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140180697 Torok Jun 2014 A1
20140188477 Zhang Jul 2014 A1
20140195233 Bapat Jul 2014 A1
20140195244 Cha et al. Jul 2014 A1
20140195251 Zeinstra et al. Jul 2014 A1
20140195252 Gruber et al. Jul 2014 A1
20140203939 Harrington et al. Jul 2014 A1
20140207439 Venkatapathy et al. Jul 2014 A1
20140207446 Klein Jul 2014 A1
20140207468 Bartnik Jul 2014 A1
20140207582 Flinn et al. Jul 2014 A1
20140214429 Pantel Jul 2014 A1
20140214537 Yoo et al. Jul 2014 A1
20140218372 Missig et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140222436 Binder et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140222678 Sheets et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140223377 Shaw et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140223481 Fundament Aug 2014 A1
20140230055 Boehl Aug 2014 A1
20140232656 Pasquero et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140236595 Gray Aug 2014 A1
20140236986 Guzman Aug 2014 A1
20140237042 Ahmed et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140244257 Colibro et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140244258 Song et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140244263 Pontual et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140244268 Abdelsamie et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140244271 Lindahl Aug 2014 A1
20140244712 Walters et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140247383 Dave et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140247926 Gainsboro et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140249817 Hart et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140249821 Kennewick et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140250046 Winn et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140257815 Zhao et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140258857 Dykstra-Erickson et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140267022 Kim Sep 2014 A1
20140267599 Drouin et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140272821 Pitschel et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140274203 Ganong et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140274211 Sejnoha et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140278343 Tran Sep 2014 A1
20140278349 Grieves et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140278379 Coccaro et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140278391 Braho et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140278406 Tsumura et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140278413 Pitschel et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140278429 Ganong, III Sep 2014 A1
20140278435 Ganong et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140278443 Gunn et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140278513 Prakash et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140280138 Li et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140280292 Skinder Sep 2014 A1
20140280353 Delaney et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140280450 Luna Sep 2014 A1
20140281983 Xian et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140282003 Gruber et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140282007 Fleizach Sep 2014 A1
20140282045 Ayanam et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140282201 Pasquero et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140282586 Shear et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140282743 Howard et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140288990 Moore et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140297267 Spencer et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140297281 Togawa et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140297284 Gruber et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140297288 Yu et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140304605 Ohmura et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140310001 Kalns et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140316585 Boesveld et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140317502 Brown et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140324884 Lindahl et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140337048 Brown et al. Nov 2014 A1
20140337266 Wolverton et al. Nov 2014 A1
20140337751 Lim et al. Nov 2014 A1
20140337814 Kalns et al. Nov 2014 A1
20140344627 Schaub et al. Nov 2014 A1
20140344687 Durham et al. Nov 2014 A1
20140350924 Zurek et al. Nov 2014 A1
20140350933 Bak et al. Nov 2014 A1
20140351741 Medlock et al. Nov 2014 A1
20140351760 Skory et al. Nov 2014 A1
20140358519 Mirkin et al. Dec 2014 A1
20140358523 Sheth et al. Dec 2014 A1
20140365209 Evermann Dec 2014 A1
20140365214 Bayley Dec 2014 A1
20140365216 Gruber et al. Dec 2014 A1
20140365226 Sinha Dec 2014 A1
20140365227 Cash et al. Dec 2014 A1
20140365407 Brown et al. Dec 2014 A1
20140365880 Bellegarda Dec 2014 A1
20140365885 Carson et al. Dec 2014 A1
20140365895 Paulson et al. Dec 2014 A1
20140370817 Luna Dec 2014 A1
20140372931 Zhai et al. Dec 2014 A1
20140379334 Fry Dec 2014 A1
20150003797 Schmidt Jan 2015 A1
20150006148 Goldszmit et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150006157 Andrade Silva et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150006178 Peng et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150006199 Snider et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150012271 Peng et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150019219 Tzirkel-Hancock et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150019221 Lee et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150031416 Wells et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150033219 Breiner et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150039292 Suleman et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150039299 Weinstein et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150039305 Huang Feb 2015 A1
20150040012 Faaborg et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150045003 Vora et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150045068 Soffer et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150046537 Rakib Feb 2015 A1
20150050633 Christmas et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150058013 Pakhomov et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150058785 Ookawara Feb 2015 A1
20150065200 Namgung et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150066494 Salvador et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150066496 Deoras et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150066506 Romano et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150066516 Nishikawa et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150067485 Kim et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150067822 Randall Mar 2015 A1
20150073788 Allauzen et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150073804 Senior et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150074524 Nicholson et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150082229 Ouyang et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150088511 Bharadwaj et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150088514 Typrin Mar 2015 A1
20150088522 Hendrickson et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150088523 Schuster Mar 2015 A1
20150095031 Conkie et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150095278 Flinn et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150100316 Williams et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150100983 Pan Apr 2015 A1
20150106093 Weeks et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150113407 Hoffert et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150120723 Deshmukh et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150127350 Agiomyrgiannakis May 2015 A1
20150133109 Freeman et al. May 2015 A1
20150134334 Sachidanandam et al. May 2015 A1
20150135085 Shoham et al. May 2015 A1
20150135123 Carr et al. May 2015 A1
20150142420 Sarikaya et al. May 2015 A1
20150142438 Dai et al. May 2015 A1
20150142447 Kennewick et al. May 2015 A1
20150148013 Baldwin et al. May 2015 A1
20150149177 Kalns et al. May 2015 A1
20150149182 Kalns et al. May 2015 A1
20150149354 Mccoy May 2015 A1
20150149469 Xu et al. May 2015 A1
20150154185 Waibel Jun 2015 A1
20150161370 North et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150161989 Hsu et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150170664 Doherty et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150172463 Quast et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150178388 Winnemoeller et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150179176 Ryu et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150185964 Stout Jul 2015 A1
20150186012 Coleman et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150186110 Kannan Jul 2015 A1
20150186155 Brown et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150186351 Hicks et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150187355 Parkinson et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150189362 Lee et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150193379 Mehta Jul 2015 A1
20150193391 Khvostichenko et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150193392 Greenblatt et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150194152 Katuri et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150195379 Zhang et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150195606 McDevitt Jul 2015 A1
20150199077 Zuger et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150199960 Huo et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150201064 Bells et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150205858 Xie et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150212791 Kumar et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150213796 Waltermann Jul 2015 A1
20150220507 Mohajer et al. Aug 2015 A1
20150221304 Stewart Aug 2015 A1
20150221307 Shah et al. Aug 2015 A1
20150227633 Shapira Aug 2015 A1
20150228281 Raniere Aug 2015 A1
20150234636 Barnes, Jr. Aug 2015 A1
20150234800 Patrick et al. Aug 2015 A1
20150242091 Lu et al. Aug 2015 A1
20150243278 Kibre et al. Aug 2015 A1
20150245154 Dadu et al. Aug 2015 A1
20150248651 Akutagawa et al. Sep 2015 A1
20150248886 Sarikaya et al. Sep 2015 A1
20150254057 Klein et al. Sep 2015 A1
20150254058 Klein et al. Sep 2015 A1
20150254333 Fife et al. Sep 2015 A1
20150255071 Chiba Sep 2015 A1
20150256873 Klein Sep 2015 A1
20150261496 Faaborg et al. Sep 2015 A1
20150269139 McAteer et al. Sep 2015 A1
20150278370 Stratvert et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150279360 Mengibar et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150281380 Wang et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150286627 Chang et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150287401 Lee et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150287409 Jang Oct 2015 A1
20150288629 Choi et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150294086 Kare et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150294516 Chiang Oct 2015 A1
20150302855 Kim et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150309997 Lee et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150310858 Li et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150310862 Dauphin et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150310879 Buchanan et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150312182 Langholz Oct 2015 A1
20150317069 Clements et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150317310 Eiche et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150324041 Varley et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150324334 Lee et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150331664 Osawa et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150331711 Huang et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150332667 Mason Nov 2015 A1
20150339049 Kasemset et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150339391 Kang et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150340040 Mun et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150340042 Sejnoha et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150341717 Song et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150347086 Liedholm et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150347382 Dolfing et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150347385 Flor et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150347393 Futrell et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150347733 Tsou et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150347985 Gross et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150348547 Paulik et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150348548 Piernot et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150348549 Giuli et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150348551 Gruber et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150348554 Orr et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150350031 Burks et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150355879 Beckhardt et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150370531 Faaborg Dec 2015 A1
20150370780 Wang et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150371639 Foerster et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150371665 Naik et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150373183 Woolsey et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150382047 Van Os Dec 2015 A1
20150382079 Lister et al. Dec 2015 A1
20160014476 Caliendo, Jr. et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160019886 Hong Jan 2016 A1
20160026258 Ou et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160027431 Kurzweil et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160028666 Li Jan 2016 A1
20160034811 Paulik et al. Feb 2016 A1
20160042735 Vibbert et al. Feb 2016 A1
20160042748 Jain et al. Feb 2016 A1
20160055422 Li Feb 2016 A1
20160063998 Krishnamoorthy et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160071521 Haughay Mar 2016 A1
20160077794 Kim et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160080165 Ehsani et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160086116 Rao et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160091967 Prokofieva et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160092447 Venkataraman et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160093291 Kim Mar 2016 A1
20160093298 Naik et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160093301 Bellegarda et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160093304 Kim et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160094979 Naik et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160117386 Ajmera et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160119338 Cheyer Apr 2016 A1
20160125048 Hamada May 2016 A1
20160139662 Dabhade May 2016 A1
20160147725 Patten et al. May 2016 A1
20160148610 Kennewick, Jr. et al. May 2016 A1
20160155442 Kannan et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160155443 Khan et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160162456 Munro et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160163312 Naik et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160170966 Kolo Jun 2016 A1
20160173960 Snibbe et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160180844 Vanblon et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160188181 Smith Jun 2016 A1
20160189717 Kannan et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160212488 Os et al. Jul 2016 A1
20160217784 Gelfenbeyn et al. Jul 2016 A1
20160225372 Cheung et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160240187 Fleizach et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160260431 Newendorp et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160260433 Sumner et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160260436 Lemay et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160266871 Schmid et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160267904 Biadsy et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160275941 Bellegarda et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160275947 Li et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160282956 Ouyang et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160299685 Zhai et al. Oct 2016 A1
20160299882 Hegerty et al. Oct 2016 A1
20160299883 Zhu et al. Oct 2016 A1
20160307566 Bellegarda Oct 2016 A1
20160314788 Jitkoff et al. Oct 2016 A1
20160314792 Alvarez et al. Oct 2016 A1
20160321261 Spasojevic et al. Nov 2016 A1
20160322050 Wang et al. Nov 2016 A1
20160336007 Hanazawa Nov 2016 A1
20160336010 Lindahl Nov 2016 A1
20160337299 Lane et al. Nov 2016 A1
20160351190 Binder et al. Dec 2016 A1
20160357304 Hatori et al. Dec 2016 A1
20160357728 Bellegarda et al. Dec 2016 A1
20160357861 Carlhian et al. Dec 2016 A1
20160358598 Williams et al. Dec 2016 A1
20160358600 Nallasamy et al. Dec 2016 A1
20160378747 Orr et al. Dec 2016 A1
20160379641 Liu et al. Dec 2016 A1
20170004824 Yoo et al. Jan 2017 A1
20170068423 Napolitano et al. Mar 2017 A1
20170068513 Stasior et al. Mar 2017 A1
20170068670 Orr Mar 2017 A1
20170083179 Gruber et al. Mar 2017 A1
20170091168 Bellegarda et al. Mar 2017 A1
20170092278 Evermann et al. Mar 2017 A1
20170161018 Lemay et al. Jun 2017 A1
20170169819 Mese Jun 2017 A1
20170180499 Gelfenbeyn et al. Jun 2017 A1
20170230709 Van Os et al. Aug 2017 A1
20170242653 Lang Aug 2017 A1
20170256256 Wang Sep 2017 A1
Foreign Referenced Citations (595)
Number Date Country
2631796 Jul 2007 CA
2694314 Aug 2010 CA
2792412 Jul 2011 CA
2666438 Jun 2013 CA
1263385 Aug 2000 CN
1274440 Nov 2000 CN
1321295 Nov 2001 CN
1369858 Sep 2002 CN
1378156 Nov 2002 CN
1383109 Dec 2002 CN
1407795 Apr 2003 CN
1125436 Oct 2003 CN
1471098 Jan 2004 CN
1494695 May 2004 CN
1524218 Aug 2004 CN
1535519 Oct 2004 CN
1640191 Jul 2005 CN
1673939 Sep 2005 CN
1757027 Apr 2006 CN
1864204 Nov 2006 CN
1898721 Jan 2007 CN
2865153 Jan 2007 CN
1912994 Feb 2007 CN
1959628 May 2007 CN
1975715 Jun 2007 CN
1995917 Jul 2007 CN
101008942 Aug 2007 CN
101162153 Apr 2008 CN
101179754 May 2008 CN
101183525 May 2008 CN
101188644 May 2008 CN
101228503 Jul 2008 CN
101233741 Jul 2008 CN
101246020 Aug 2008 CN
101271689 Sep 2008 CN
101277501 Oct 2008 CN
101297541 Oct 2008 CN
101325756 Dec 2008 CN
101416471 Apr 2009 CN
101427244 May 2009 CN
101448340 Jun 2009 CN
101453498 Jun 2009 CN
101499156 Aug 2009 CN
101535983 Sep 2009 CN
101557432 Oct 2009 CN
101632316 Jan 2010 CN
101636736 Jan 2010 CN
101673544 Mar 2010 CN
101751387 Jun 2010 CN
101847405 Sep 2010 CN
101894547 Nov 2010 CN
101939740 Jan 2011 CN
101951553 Jan 2011 CN
102137193 Jul 2011 CN
102160043 Aug 2011 CN
102246136 Nov 2011 CN
202035047 Nov 2011 CN
202092650 Dec 2011 CN
102368256 Mar 2012 CN
102682771 Sep 2012 CN
102685295 Sep 2012 CN
102693725 Sep 2012 CN
102792320 Nov 2012 CN
102917004 Feb 2013 CN
103035240 Apr 2013 CN
104423625 Mar 2015 CN
102004029203 Dec 2005 DE
19841541 Dec 2007 DE
102008024258 Nov 2009 DE
981236 Feb 2000 EP
982732 Mar 2000 EP
984430 Mar 2000 EP
1001588 May 2000 EP
1014277 Jun 2000 EP
1028425 Aug 2000 EP
1028426 Aug 2000 EP
1047251 Oct 2000 EP
1052566 Nov 2000 EP
1076302 Feb 2001 EP
1091615 Apr 2001 EP
1094406 Apr 2001 EP
1107229 Jun 2001 EP
634042 Jul 2001 EP
1229496 Aug 2002 EP
1233600 Aug 2002 EP
1245023 Oct 2002 EP
1246075 Oct 2002 EP
1280326 Jan 2003 EP
1291848 Mar 2003 EP
1311102 May 2003 EP
1315084 May 2003 EP
1315086 May 2003 EP
1320848 Jun 2003 EP
1345360 Sep 2003 EP
1347361 Sep 2003 EP
1368961 Dec 2003 EP
1379061 Jan 2004 EP
1432219 Jun 2004 EP
1435620 Jul 2004 EP
1480421 Nov 2004 EP
1517228 Mar 2005 EP
1536612 Jun 2005 EP
1566948 Aug 2005 EP
1650938 Apr 2006 EP
1675025 Jun 2006 EP
1693829 Aug 2006 EP
1699042 Sep 2006 EP
1739546 Jan 2007 EP
1181802 Feb 2007 EP
1818786 Aug 2007 EP
1892700 Feb 2008 EP
1912205 Apr 2008 EP
1939860 Jul 2008 EP
1944997 Jul 2008 EP
651543 Sep 2008 EP
1909263 Jan 2009 EP
1335620 Mar 2009 EP
2069895 Jun 2009 EP
2094032 Aug 2009 EP
2096840 Sep 2009 EP
2107553 Oct 2009 EP
2109295 Oct 2009 EP
1720375 Jul 2010 EP
2205010 Jul 2010 EP
2309491 Apr 2011 EP
2329348 Jun 2011 EP
2400373 Dec 2011 EP
2431842 Mar 2012 EP
2551784 Jan 2013 EP
2555536 Feb 2013 EP
2575128 Apr 2013 EP
2733598 May 2014 EP
2801890 Nov 2014 EP
2801972 Nov 2014 EP
2930715 Oct 2015 EP
2938022 Oct 2015 EP
2940556 Nov 2015 EP
2911201 Jul 2008 FR
2342802 Apr 2000 GB
2343285 May 2000 GB
2346500 Aug 2000 GB
2352377 Jan 2001 GB
2367399 Apr 2002 GB
2384399 Jul 2003 GB
2402855 Dec 2004 GB
2445436 Jul 2008 GB
2445667 Jul 2008 GB
FI20010199 Apr 2003 IT
2000-32140 Jan 2000 JP
2000-59497 Feb 2000 JP
2000-90119 Mar 2000 JP
2000-99225 Apr 2000 JP
2000-134407 May 2000 JP
2000-163031 Jun 2000 JP
2000-207167 Jul 2000 JP
2000-216910 Aug 2000 JP
2000-224663 Aug 2000 JP
2000-272349 Oct 2000 JP
2000-276471 Oct 2000 JP
2000-331004 Nov 2000 JP
2000-339137 Dec 2000 JP
2000-352988 Dec 2000 JP
2000-352989 Dec 2000 JP
2001-13978 Jan 2001 JP
2001-14319 Jan 2001 JP
2001-22498 Jan 2001 JP
2001-34289 Feb 2001 JP
2001-34290 Feb 2001 JP
2001-045553 Feb 2001 JP
2001-56233 Feb 2001 JP
2001-109493 Apr 2001 JP
2001-125896 May 2001 JP
2001-148899 May 2001 JP
2001-273283 Oct 2001 JP
2001-282813 Oct 2001 JP
2001-296880 Oct 2001 JP
2001-325052 Nov 2001 JP
2002-14954 Jan 2002 JP
2002-24212 Jan 2002 JP
2002-30676 Jan 2002 JP
2002-33794 Jan 2002 JP
2002-41276 Feb 2002 JP
2002-41624 Feb 2002 JP
2002-82748 Mar 2002 JP
2002-82893 Mar 2002 JP
2002-123295 Apr 2002 JP
2002-132804 May 2002 JP
2002-169588 Jun 2002 JP
2002-182679 Jun 2002 JP
2002-182680 Jun 2002 JP
2002-516549 Jun 2002 JP
2002-230021 Aug 2002 JP
2002-236029 Aug 2002 JP
2002-524806 Aug 2002 JP
2002-281562 Sep 2002 JP
2002-304410 Oct 2002 JP
2002-534716 Oct 2002 JP
2002-341892 Nov 2002 JP
2002-342033 Nov 2002 JP
2002-342212 Nov 2002 JP
2002-344880 Nov 2002 JP
2002-542501 Dec 2002 JP
2003-15682 Jan 2003 JP
2003-022087 Jan 2003 JP
2003-44091 Feb 2003 JP
2003-84877 Mar 2003 JP
2003-517158 May 2003 JP
2003-202897 Jul 2003 JP
2003-233568 Aug 2003 JP
2003-244317 Aug 2003 JP
2003-255991 Sep 2003 JP
2003-527656 Sep 2003 JP
2003-288356 Oct 2003 JP
2003-308079 Oct 2003 JP
2003-533909 Nov 2003 JP
2004-48804 Feb 2004 JP
2004-54080 Feb 2004 JP
2004-056226 Feb 2004 JP
2004-505322 Feb 2004 JP
2004-505525 Feb 2004 JP
2004-86356 Mar 2004 JP
2004-94936 Mar 2004 JP
2004-101901 Apr 2004 JP
2004-117905 Apr 2004 JP
2004-152063 May 2004 JP
2004-153306 May 2004 JP
2004-523004 Jul 2004 JP
2004-289266 Oct 2004 JP
2004-295837 Oct 2004 JP
2004-310034 Nov 2004 JP
2004-333870 Nov 2004 JP
2004-534268 Nov 2004 JP
2004-347786 Dec 2004 JP
2005-55782 Mar 2005 JP
2005-63257 Mar 2005 JP
2005-70645 Mar 2005 JP
2005-80094 Mar 2005 JP
2005-86624 Mar 2005 JP
2005-506602 Mar 2005 JP
2005-92441 Apr 2005 JP
2005-149481 Jun 2005 JP
2005-157965 Jun 2005 JP
2005-181386 Jul 2005 JP
2005-189454 Jul 2005 JP
2005-210362 Aug 2005 JP
2005-221678 Aug 2005 JP
2005-228075 Aug 2005 JP
2005-275925 Oct 2005 JP
2005-283843 Oct 2005 JP
2005-311864 Nov 2005 JP
2005-332212 Dec 2005 JP
2006-003142 Jan 2006 JP
2006-4274 Jan 2006 JP
2006-5655 Jan 2006 JP
2006-23860 Jan 2006 JP
2006-30447 Feb 2006 JP
2006-31092 Feb 2006 JP
2006-59094 Mar 2006 JP
2006-079427 Mar 2006 JP
2006-80617 Mar 2006 JP
2006-107438 Apr 2006 JP
2006-146008 Jun 2006 JP
2006-146182 Jun 2006 JP
2006-155368 Jun 2006 JP
2006-189394 Jul 2006 JP
2006-195637 Jul 2006 JP
2006-201870 Aug 2006 JP
2006-208696 Aug 2006 JP
2006-229730 Aug 2006 JP
2006-237735 Sep 2006 JP
2006-244296 Sep 2006 JP
2006-522549 Sep 2006 JP
2006-267328 Oct 2006 JP
2006-302091 Nov 2006 JP
2006-318373 Nov 2006 JP
2006-526185 Nov 2006 JP
2007-4633 Jan 2007 JP
2007-17990 Jan 2007 JP
2007-500903 Jan 2007 JP
2007-53796 Mar 2007 JP
2007-79690 Mar 2007 JP
2007-171534 Jul 2007 JP
2007-193794 Aug 2007 JP
2007-206317 Aug 2007 JP
2007-264471 Oct 2007 JP
2007-264792 Oct 2007 JP
2007-264892 Oct 2007 JP
2007-272773 Oct 2007 JP
2007-299352 Nov 2007 JP
2007-322647 Dec 2007 JP
2007-325089 Dec 2007 JP
2007-333603 Dec 2007 JP
2008-009120 Jan 2008 JP
2008-21002 Jan 2008 JP
2008-26381 Feb 2008 JP
2008-39928 Feb 2008 JP
2008-58813 Mar 2008 JP
2008-064687 Mar 2008 JP
2008-90545 Apr 2008 JP
2008-97003 Apr 2008 JP
2008-134949 Jun 2008 JP
2008-526101 Jul 2008 JP
2008-185693 Aug 2008 JP
2008-198022 Aug 2008 JP
2008-217468 Sep 2008 JP
2008-228129 Sep 2008 JP
2008-233678 Oct 2008 JP
2008-236448 Oct 2008 JP
2008-252161 Oct 2008 JP
2008-268684 Nov 2008 JP
2008-271481 Nov 2008 JP
2008-299221 Dec 2008 JP
2009-503623 Jan 2009 JP
2009-36999 Feb 2009 JP
2009-47920 Mar 2009 JP
2009-069062 Apr 2009 JP
2009-98490 May 2009 JP
2009-140444 Jun 2009 JP
2009-186989 Aug 2009 JP
2009-193448 Aug 2009 JP
2009-193457 Aug 2009 JP
2009-193532 Aug 2009 JP
2009-205367 Sep 2009 JP
2009-294913 Dec 2009 JP
2009-294946 Dec 2009 JP
2010-66519 Mar 2010 JP
2010-78979 Apr 2010 JP
2010-108378 May 2010 JP
2010-518526 May 2010 JP
2010-157207 Jul 2010 JP
2010-224236 Oct 2010 JP
4563106 Oct 2010 JP
2010-535377 Nov 2010 JP
2010-287063 Dec 2010 JP
2011-41026 Feb 2011 JP
2011-45005 Mar 2011 JP
2011-59659 Mar 2011 JP
2011-81541 Apr 2011 JP
2011-525045 Sep 2011 JP
2011-238022 Nov 2011 JP
2012-014394 Jan 2012 JP
2012-089020 May 2012 JP
2012-116442 Jun 2012 JP
2012-147063 Aug 2012 JP
2012-518847 Aug 2012 JP
2013-511214 Mar 2013 JP
2013-73240 Apr 2013 JP
2013-080476 May 2013 JP
2013-517566 May 2013 JP
2013-134430 Jul 2013 JP
2013-527947 Jul 2013 JP
2013-156349 Aug 2013 JP
2013-205999 Oct 2013 JP
2013-238936 Nov 2013 JP
2014-10688 Jan 2014 JP
2014-026629 Feb 2014 JP
2014-72586 Apr 2014 JP
2014-077969 May 2014 JP
2014-145842 Aug 2014 JP
2014-150323 Aug 2014 JP
2015-41845 Mar 2015 JP
10-2001-0092415 Oct 2001 KR
2001-0093654 Oct 2001 KR
10-2001-0102132 Nov 2001 KR
2002-0013984 Feb 2002 KR
2002-0057262 Jul 2002 KR
2002-0064149 Aug 2002 KR
2002-0069952 Sep 2002 KR
2003-0016993 Mar 2003 KR
10-2004-0014835 Feb 2004 KR
10-2004-0044632 May 2004 KR
10-2005-0083561 Aug 2005 KR
10-2005-0090568 Sep 2005 KR
10-2006-0011603 Feb 2006 KR
10-2006-0012730 Feb 2006 KR
10-2006-0055313 May 2006 KR
10-2006-0073574 Jun 2006 KR
10-2006-0091469 Aug 2006 KR
10-2006-0127647 Dec 2006 KR
10-2007-0024262 Mar 2007 KR
10-2007-0071675 Jul 2007 KR
10-2007-0094767 Sep 2007 KR
10-0757496 Sep 2007 KR
10-2007-0100837 Oct 2007 KR
10-0776800 Nov 2007 KR
10-0801227 Feb 2008 KR
10-0810500 Mar 2008 KR
10-2008-0033070 Apr 2008 KR
10-0819928 Apr 2008 KR
10-2008-0049647 Jun 2008 KR
10-2008-0059332 Jun 2008 KR
10-2008-0109322 Dec 2008 KR
10-2009-0001716 Jan 2009 KR
10-2009-0028464 Mar 2009 KR
10-2009-0030117 Mar 2009 KR
10-2009-0086805 Aug 2009 KR
10-0920267 Oct 2009 KR
10-2009-0122944 Dec 2009 KR
10-2009-0127961 Dec 2009 KR
10-2009-0129192 Dec 2009 KR
10-2010-0015958 Feb 2010 KR
10-2010-0048571 May 2010 KR
10-2010-0053149 May 2010 KR
10-2010-0119519 Nov 2010 KR
10-2011-0043644 Apr 2011 KR
10-1032792 May 2011 KR
10-2011-0068490 Jun 2011 KR
10-2011-0072847 Jun 2011 KR
10-2011-0086492 Jul 2011 KR
10-2011-0100620 Sep 2011 KR
10-2011-0113414 Oct 2011 KR
10-2011-0115134 Oct 2011 KR
10-2012-0020164 Mar 2012 KR
10-2012-0031722 Apr 2012 KR
10-1178310 Aug 2012 KR
10-2012-0120316 Nov 2012 KR
10-2012-0137435 Dec 2012 KR
10-2012-0137440 Dec 2012 KR
10-2012-0138826 Dec 2012 KR
10-2012-0139827 Dec 2012 KR
10-1193668 Dec 2012 KR
10-2013-0035983 Apr 2013 KR
10-1334342 Nov 2013 KR
10-2013-0131252 Dec 2013 KR
1014847 Oct 2001 NL
2273106 Mar 2006 RU
2349970 Mar 2009 RU
2353068 Apr 2009 RU
2364917 Aug 2009 RU
468323 Dec 2001 TW
200601264 Jan 2006 TW
200638337 Nov 2006 TW
200643744 Dec 2006 TW
200801988 Jan 2008 TW
I301373 Sep 2008 TW
M348993 Jan 2009 TW
200943903 Oct 2009 TW
201018258 May 2010 TW
201027515 Jul 2010 TW
201028996 Aug 2010 TW
201110108 Mar 2011 TW
2011-42823 Dec 2011 TW
201227715 Jul 2012 TW
201245989 Nov 2012 TW
201312548 Mar 2013 TW
2000014727 Mar 2000 WO
2000014728 Mar 2000 WO
2000019697 Apr 2000 WO
2000022820 Apr 2000 WO
2000029964 May 2000 WO
2000030070 May 2000 WO
2000038041 Jun 2000 WO
2000041065 Jul 2000 WO
2000044173 Jul 2000 WO
2000060435 Oct 2000 WO
2000060435 Oct 2000 WO
2000063766 Oct 2000 WO
2000068936 Nov 2000 WO
2001006489 Jan 2001 WO
200126093 Apr 2001 WO
2001030047 Apr 2001 WO
6001030046 Apr 2001 WO
2001033569 May 2001 WO
2001035391 May 2001 WO
2001044912 Jun 2001 WO
2001046946 Jun 2001 WO
2001065413 Sep 2001 WO
2001067753 Sep 2001 WO
2001071480 Sep 2001 WO
2002010900 Feb 2002 WO
2002025610 Mar 2002 WO
2002031814 Apr 2002 WO
2002037469 May 2002 WO
2002049253 Jun 2002 WO
2002071259 Sep 2002 WO
2002073603 Sep 2002 WO
2002080142 Oct 2002 WO
2003003152 Jan 2003 WO
2003003765 Jan 2003 WO
2003023786 Mar 2003 WO
2003036457 May 2003 WO
2003041364 May 2003 WO
2003049494 Jun 2003 WO
2003056789 Jul 2003 WO
2003067202 Aug 2003 WO
2003084196 Oct 2003 WO
2003094489 Nov 2003 WO
2003105125 Dec 2003 WO
2003107179 Dec 2003 WO
2004008801 Jan 2004 WO
2004025938 Mar 2004 WO
2004047415 Jun 2004 WO
2004055637 Jul 2004 WO
2004057486 Jul 2004 WO
2004061850 Jul 2004 WO
2004072846 Aug 2004 WO
2004084413 Sep 2004 WO
2005003920 Jan 2005 WO
2005008505 Jan 2005 WO
2005008899 Jan 2005 WO
2005010725 Feb 2005 WO
2005027472 Mar 2005 WO
2005027485 Mar 2005 WO
2005031737 Apr 2005 WO
2005034082 Apr 2005 WO
2005034085 Apr 2005 WO
2005041455 May 2005 WO
2005059895 Jun 2005 WO
2005064592 Jul 2005 WO
2005069171 Jul 2005 WO
2005101176 Oct 2005 WO
2006020305 Feb 2006 WO
2006037545 Apr 2006 WO
2006054724 May 2006 WO
2006056822 Jun 2006 WO
2006078246 Jul 2006 WO
2006084144 Aug 2006 WO
2006101649 Sep 2006 WO
2006129967 Dec 2006 WO
2006133571 Dec 2006 WO
2007002753 Jan 2007 WO
2007036762 Apr 2007 WO
2007080559 Jul 2007 WO
2007083894 Jul 2007 WO
2007125151 Nov 2007 WO
2008030970 Mar 2008 WO
2008071231 Jun 2008 WO
2008085742 Jul 2008 WO
2008098900 Aug 2008 WO
2008109835 Aug 2008 WO
2008120036 Oct 2008 WO
2008130095 Oct 2008 WO
2008140236 Nov 2008 WO
2008142472 Nov 2008 WO
2008153639 Dec 2008 WO
2009009240 Jan 2009 WO
2009016631 Feb 2009 WO
2009017280 Feb 2009 WO
2009075912 Jun 2009 WO
2009104126 Aug 2009 WO
2009156438 Dec 2009 WO
2009156978 Dec 2009 WO
2010054373 May 2010 WO
2010075623 Jul 2010 WO
2010141802 Dec 2010 WO
2011057346 May 2011 WO
2011060106 May 2011 WO
2011088053 Jul 2011 WO
2011093025 Aug 2011 WO
2011116309 Sep 2011 WO
2011133543 Oct 2011 WO
2011150730 Dec 2011 WO
2011163350 Dec 2011 WO
2011088053 Jan 2012 WO
2012019637 Feb 2012 WO
2012129231 Sep 2012 WO
2012135157 Oct 2012 WO
2012154317 Nov 2012 WO
2012155079 Nov 2012 WO
2012167168 Dec 2012 WO
2013009578 Jan 2013 WO
2013022135 Feb 2013 WO
2013048880 Apr 2013 WO
2013049358 Apr 2013 WO
2013169842 Nov 2013 WO
2013173511 Nov 2013 WO
2013184953 Dec 2013 WO
2013184990 Dec 2013 WO
2014003138 Jan 2014 WO
2014022148 Feb 2014 WO
2014028797 Feb 2014 WO
2014031505 Feb 2014 WO
2014066352 May 2014 WO
2014078965 May 2014 WO
2014096506 Jun 2014 WO
2014143959 Sep 2014 WO
2014144579 Sep 2014 WO
2014159581 Oct 2014 WO
2014197336 Dec 2014 WO
2014200728 Dec 2014 WO
2014204659 Dec 2014 WO
2015030796 Mar 2015 WO
2015041892 Mar 2015 WO
2015084659 Jun 2015 WO
2015094169 Jun 2015 WO
2015094369 Jun 2015 WO
2015099939 Jul 2015 WO
2015116151 Aug 2015 WO
2015151133 Oct 2015 WO
2015183401 Dec 2015 WO
2015200207 Dec 2015 WO
2016057268 Apr 2016 WO
2016075081 May 2016 WO
2017044629 Mar 2017 WO
2017053311 Mar 2017 WO
Non-Patent Literature Citations (609)
Entry
“Alexa, Turn Up the Heat!”, Smartthings Samsung [online], Available online at https://web.archive.org/web/20160329142041/https://blog.smartthings.com/news/smartthingsupdates/alexa-turn-up-the-heat/, Mar. 3, 2016, 3 pages.
“DIRECTV™ Voice”, Now Part of the DIRECTTV Mobile App for Phones, Sep. 18, 2013, 5 pages.
“SmartThings +Amazon Echo”, Smartthings Samsung [online], Available online <https://web.archive.org/web/20160509231428/https://blog.smartthings.com/featured/alexa-turn-on-my-smartthings/>, Aug. 21, 2015, 3 pages.
“Ask Alexa—Things That Are Smart Wiki”, Available online at <URL:http://thingsthataresmart.wiki/index.php?title=Ask_Alexa&oldid=4283>, [retrieved from internet on Aug. 2, 2017], Jun. 8, 2016, pp. 1-31.
“The world of Virtual Assistants—more SemTech . . .”, End of Business as Usual—Glenn's External blog, Online Available at <https://web.archive.org/web/20091101840940/http://glennas.wordpress.com/2009/10/17/the-world-of-virtual-assistants-more-semtech/>, Oct. 17, 2009, 5 pages.
2004 Chrysler Pacifica: U-Connect Hands-Free Communication System, The Best and Brightest of 2004, Brief Article, Automotive Industries, Sep. 2003, 1 page.
2007 Lexus GS 450h 4dr Sedan (3.5L 6cy1 Gas/Electric Hybrid CVT), available at <http://review.cnet.com/4505-10865_16-31833144.html>, retrieved on Aug. 3, 2006, 10 pages.
ABCOM Pty. Ltd. “12.1″ 925 Candela Mobile PC”, LCDHardware.com, available at <http://www.lcdhardware.com/panel/12_1_panel/default.asp.>, retrieved on Dec. 19, 2002, 2 pages.
ABF Software, “Lens—Magnifying Glass 1.5”, available at <http://download.com/3000-2437-10262078.html?tag=1st-0-1>, retrieved on Feb. 11, 2004, 1 page.
Adium, “AboutAdium—Adium X—Trac”, available at <http://web.archive.org/web/20070819113247/http://trac.adiumx.com/wiki/AboutAdium>, retrieved on Nov. 25, 2011, 2 pages.
adobe.com, “Reading PDF Documents with Adobe Reader 6.0—A Guide for People with Disabilities”, Available online at “https://www.adobe.com/enterprise/accessibility/pdfs/acro6_cg_ue.pdf”, Jan. 2004, 76 pages.
Aikawa et al., “Generation for Multilingual MT”, available at <http://mtarchive.info/MTS-2001-Aikawa.pdf>, retrieved on Sep. 18, 2001, 6 pages.
Alfred App, “Alfred”, available at <http://www.alfredapp.com/>, retrieved on Feb. 8, 2012, 5 pages.
All Music Website, available at <http://www.allmusic.com/>, retrieved on Mar. 19, 2007, 2 pages.
Allen et al., “Automated Natural Spoken Dialog”, Computer, vol. 35, No. 4, Apr. 2002, pp. 51-56.
Amano et al., “A User-friendly Multimedia Book Authoring System”, The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers Technical Report, vol. 103, No. 416, Nov. 2003, pp. 33-40.
Amano, Junko, “A User-Friendly Authoring System for Digital Talking Books”, IEICE Technical Report, The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, vol. 103 No. 418, Nov. 6, 2003, pp. 33-40.
Ambite et al., “Design and Implementation of the CALO Query Manager”, American Association for Artificial Intelligence, 2006, 8 pages.
Ambite et al., “Integration of Heterogeneous Knowledge Sources in the CALO Query Manager”, The 4th International Conference on Ontologies, Databases and Applications of Semantics (ODBASE), 2005, 18 pages.
Amrel Corporation, “Rocky Matrix BackLit Keyboard”, available at <http://www.amrel.com/asi_matrixkeyboard.html>, retrieved on Dec. 19, 2002, 1 page.
Anania, Peter, “Amazon Echo with Home Automation (Smartthings)”, Available online at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LMW6aXmsWNE, Dec. 20, 2015, 1 page.
Anhui USTC IFK YTEK Co. Ltd., “Flytek Research Center Information Datasheet”, available at <http://www.iflttek.com/english/Research.htm>, retrieved on Oct. 15, 2004, 3 pages.
Api.Ai, “Android App Review—Speaktoit Assistant”, Available at <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=myE498nyfGw>, Mar. 30, 2011, 3 pages.
Apple Computer, “Knowledge Navigator”, published by Apple Computer no later than 2008, as depicted in Exemplary Screenshots from video entitled ‘Knowledge Navigator’, 2008, 7 pages.
Apple Computer, Inc., “Apple—iPod—Technical Specifications, iPod 20GB and 60GB Mac + PC”, available at <http://www.apple.com/ipod/color/specs.html>, 2005, 3 pages.
Apple Computer, Inc., “Apple Announces iTunes 2”, Press Release, Oct. 23, 2001, 2 pages.
Apple Computer, Inc., “Apple Introduces iTunes—World's Best and Easiest to Use Jukebox Software”, Macworld Expo, Jan. 9, 2001, 2 pages.
Apple Computer, Inc., “Apple's iPod Available in Stores Tomorrow”, Press Release, Nov. 9, 2001, 1 page.
Apple Computer, Inc., “iTunes 2, Playlist Related Help Screens”, iTunes v2.0, 2000-2001, 8 pages.
Apple Computer, Inc., “iTunes 2: Specification Sheet”, 2001, 2 pages.
Apple Computer, Inc., “iTunes, Playlist Related Help Screens”, iTunes v1.0, 2000-2001, 8 pages.
Apple Computer, Inc., “QuickTime Movie Playback Programming Guide”, Aug. 11, 2005, pp. 1-58.
Apple Computer, Inc., “QuickTime Overview”, Aug. 11, 2005, pp. 1-34.
Apple Computer, Inc., “Welcome to Tiger”, available at <http://www.maths.dundee.ac.uk/software/Welcome_to_Mac_OS_X_v10.4_Tiger.pdf>, 2005, pp. 1-32.
Apple, “iPhone User's Guide”, Available at <http://mesnotices.20minutes.fr/manuel-notice-mode-emploi/APPLE/IPHONE%2D%5FE#>, Retrieved on Mar. 27, 2008, Jun. 2007, 137 pages.
Apple, “VoiceOver”, available at <http://www.apple.com/accessibility/voiceover/>, Feb. 2009, 5 pages.
Badino et al., “Language Independent Phoneme Mapping for Foreign TTS”, 5th ISCA Speech Synthesis Workshop, Pittsburgh, PA, Jun. 14-16, 2004, 2 pages.
Bederson et al., “The Craft of Information Visualization”, Elsevier Science, Inc., 2003, 435 pages.
Bellegarda, Jerome R. “Latent Semantic Mapping”, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 22, No. 5, Sep. 2005, pp. 70-80.
Bellegarda, Jerome R., “Exploiting Latent Semantic Information in Statistical Language Modeling”, Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 88, No. 8, Aug. 2000, 18 pages.
Bellegarda, Jerome R., “Large Vocabulary Speech Recognition with Multispan Statistical Language Models”, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 8, No. 1, Jan. 2000, 9 pages.
Belvin et al., “Development of the HRL Route Navigation Dialogue System”, Proceedings of the First International Conference on Human Language Technology Research, Paper, 2001, 5 pages.
Berry et al., “PTIME: Personalized Assistance for Calendaring”, ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology, vol. 2, No. 4, Article 40, Jul. 2011, pp. 1-22.
Berry et al., “Task Management under Change and Uncertainty Constraint Solving Experience with the CALO Project”, Proceedings of CP'05 Workshop on Constraint Solving under Change, 2005, 5 pages.
Bertulucci, Jeff, “Google Adds Voice Search to Chrome Browser”, PC World, Jun. 14, 2011, 5 pages.
Best Buy, “When it Comes to Selecting a Projection TV, Toshiba Makes Everything Perfectly Clear”, Previews of New Releases, available at <http://www.bestbuy.com/HomeAudioVideo/Specials/ToshibaTVFeatures.asp>, retrieved on Jan. 23, 2003, 5 pages.
Biemann et al., “Disentangling from Babylonian Confusion—Unsupervised Language Identification”, CICLing'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing, vol. 3406, Feb. 2005, pp. 773-784.
Biemann, Chris, “Unsupervised Part-of-Speech Tagging Employing Efficient Graph Clustering”, Proceeding COLING ACL '06 Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on computational Linguistics and 44th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Student Research Workshop, 2006, pp. 7-12.
Birrell, Andrew, “Personal Jukebox (PJB)”, available at <http://birrell.org/andrew/talks/pjb-overview.ppt>, Oct. 13, 2000, 6 pages.
Black et al., “Multilingual Text-to-Speech Synthesis”, Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'04), Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference, vol. 3, May 17-21, 2004, pp. 761-764.
BluePhoneElite: About, available at <http://www.reelintelligence.com/BluePhoneElite>, retrieved on Sep. 25, 2006, 2 pages.
BluePhoneElite: Features, available at <http://www.reelintelligence.com/BluePhoneElite/features.shtml,>, retrieved on Sep. 25, 2006, 2 pages.
Bluetooth PC Headsets, “‘Connecting’ Your Bluetooth Headset with Your Computer”, Enjoy Wireless VoIP Conversations, available at <http://www.bluetoothpcheadsets.com/connect.htm>, retrieved on Apr. 29, 2006, 4 pages.
Bocchieri et al., “Use of Geographical Meta-Data in ASR Language and Acoustic Models”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing, 2010, pp. 5118-5121.
Bociurkiw, Michael, “Product Guide: Vanessa Matz”, available at <http://www.forbes.com/asap/2000/1127/vmartz_print.html>, retrieved on Jan. 23, 2003, 2 pages.
Borden IV, G.R., “An Aural User Interface for Ubiquitous Computing”, Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Wearable Computers, IEEE, 2002, 2 pages.
Brain, Marshall, “How MP3 Files Work”, available at <http://www.howstuffworks.com>, retrieved on Mar. 19, 2007, 4 pages.
Bulyko et al., “Error-Correction Detection and Response Generation in a Spoken Dialogue System”, Speech Communication, vol. 45, 2005, pp. 271-288.
Bulyko et al., “Joint Prosody Prediction and Unit Selection for Concatenative Speech Synthesis”, Electrical Engineering Department, University of Washington, Seattle, 2001, 4 pages.
Bussler et al., “Web Service Execution Environment (WSMX)”, retrieved from Internet on Sep. 17, 2012, available at <http://www.w3.org/Submission/WSMX>, Jun. 3, 2005, 29 pages.
Butcher, Mike, “EVI Arrives in Town to go Toe-to-Toe with Siri”, TechCrunch, Jan. 23, 2012, 2 pages.
Butler, Travis, “Archos Jukebox 6000 Challenges Nomad Jukebox”, available at <http://tidbits.com/article/6521>, Aug. 13, 2001, 5 pages.
Butler, Travis, “Portable MP3: The Nomad Jukebox”, available at <http://tidbits.com/article/6261>, Jan. 8, 2001, 4 pages.
Cao et al., “Adapting Ranking SVM to Document Retrieval”, SIGIR '06, Seattle, WA, Aug. 6-11, 2006, 8 pages.
Car Working Group, “Hands-Free Profile 1.5 HFP1.5_SPEC”, Bluetooth Doc, available at <www.bluetooth.org>, Nov. 25, 2005, 93 pages.
Caraballo et al., “Language Identification Based on a Discriminative Text Categorization Technique”, Iberspeech 2012—Vii Jornadas En Tecnologia Del Habla and Iii Iberians Tech Workshop, Nov. 21, 2012, pp. 1-10.
Castleos, “Whole House Voice Control Demonstration”, available online at : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9SRCoxrZ_W4, Jun. 2, 2012, 26 pages.
Chai et al., “Comparative Evaluation of a Natural Language Dialog Based System and a Menu Driven System for Information Access: A Case Study”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Multimedia Information Retrieval (RIAO), Paris, Apr. 2000, 11 pages.
Chakarova et al., “Digital Still Cameras—Downloading Images to a Computer”, Multimedia Reporting and Convergence, available at <http://journalism.berkeley.edu/multimedia/tutorials/stillcams/downloading.html>, retrieved on May 9, 2005, 2 pages.
Chamberlain, Kim, “Quick Start Guide Natural Reader”, available online at <http://atrc.colostate.edu/files/quickstarts/Natural_Reader_Quick_Start_Guide.>, Apr. 2008, 5 pages.
Chartier, David, “Using Multi-Network Meebo Chat Service on Your iPhone”, available at <http://www.tuaw.com/2007/07/04/using-multi-network-meebo-chat-service-on-your-iphone/, Jul. 4, 2007, 5 pages.
Chelba et al., “Structured Language Modeling for Speech Recognition”, Available online at : http://arxiv.org/pdf/cs/0001023.pdf, Jan. 25, 2000, 7 pages.
Chen et al., “An Improved Method for Image Retrieval Using Speech Annotation”, The 9th International Conference on Multi-Media Modeling, Jan. 2003, pp. 1-17.
Chen, Yi, “Multimedia Siri Finds and Plays Whatever You Ask for”, PSFK Report, Feb. 9, 2012, 9 pages.
Cheyer et al., “The Open Agent Architecture”, Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, vol. 4, Mar. 1, 2001, 6 pages.
Cheyer, A., “Demonstration Video of Vanguard Mobile Portal”, published by SRI International no later than 2004, as depicted in ‘Exemplary Screenshots from video entitled Demonstration Video of Vanguard Mobile Portal’, 2004, 10 pages.
Cheyer, Adam, “A Perspective on AI & Agent Technologies for SCM”, VerticalNet Presentation, 2001, 22 pages.
Cheyer, Adam, “About Adam Cheyer”, available at <http://www.adam.cheyer.com/about.html>, retrieved on Sep. 17, 2012, 2 pages.
Choi et al., “Acoustic and Visual Signal based Context Awareness System for Mobile Application”, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol. 57, No. 2, May 2011, pp. 738-746.
Choularton et al., “User Responses to Speech Recognition Errors: Consistency of Behaviour Across Domains”, Proceedings of the 10th Australian International Conference on Speech Science & Technology, Dec. 8-10, 2004, pp. 457-462.
Cisco Systems, Inc., “Cisco Unity Unified Messaging User Guide”, Release 4.0(5), Apr. 14, 2005, 152 pages.
Cisco Systems, Inc., “Installation Guide for Cisco Unity Unified Messaging with Microsoft Exchange 2003/2000 (With Failover Configured)”, Release 4.0(5), Apr. 14, 2005, 152 pages.
Cisco Systems, Inc., “Operations Manager Tutorial, Cisco's IPC Management Solution”, 2006, 256 pages.
Cohen et al., “Voice User Interface Design,”, Excerpts from Chapter 1 and Chapter 10, 2004, 36 pages.
Colt, Sam, “Here's One Way Apple's Smartwatch Could Be Better Than Anything Else”, Business Insider, Aug. 21, 2014, pp. 1-4.
Combined Search Report and Examination Report under Sections 17 and 18(3) received for GB Patent Application No. 1009318.5, dated Oct. 8, 2010, 5 pages.
Combined Search Report and Examination Report under Sections 17 and 18(3) received for GB Patent Application No. 1217449.6, dated Jan. 17, 2013, 6 pages.
Compaq Inspiration Technology, “Personal Jukebox (PJB)—Systems Research Center and PAAD”, Oct. 13, 2000, 25 pages.
Compaq, “Personal Jukebox”, available at <http://research.compaq.com/SRC/pjb/>, 2001, 3 pages.
Conkie et al., “Preselection of Candidate Units in a Unit Selection-Based Text-to-Speech Synthesis System”, ISCA, 2000, 4 pages.
Cox et al., “Speech and Language Processing for Next-Millennium Communications Services”, Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 88, No. 8, Aug. 2000, 24 pages.
Creative Technology Ltd., “Creative NOMAD® II: Getting Started—User Guide (On Line Version)”, available at <http://ec1.images-amazon.com/media/i3d/01/A/man-migrate/MANUAL000026434.pdf>, Apr. 2000, 46 pages.
Creative Technology Ltd., “Nomad Jukebox”, User Guide, Version 1.0, Aug. 2000, 52 pages.
Creative, “Creative NOMAD MuVo TX”, available at <http://web.archive.org/web/20041024175952/www.creative.com/products/pfriendly.asp?product=9672>, retrieved on Jun. 6, 2006, 1 page.
Creative, “Creative NOMAD MuVo”, available at <http://web.archive.org/web/20041024075901/www.creative.com/products/product.asp?category=213&subcategory=216&product=4983>, retrieved on Jun. 7, 2006, 1 page.
Creative, “Digital MP3 Player”, available at <http://web.archive.org/web/20041024074823/www.creative.com/products/product.asp?category=213&subcategory=216&product=4983, 2004, 1 page.
Cucerzan et al., “Bootstrapping a Multilingual Part-of-Speech Tagger in One Person-Day”, In Proceedings of the 6th Conference on Natural Language Learning, vol. 20, 2002, pp. 1-7.
Davis et al., “A Personal Handheld Multi-Modal Shopping Assistant”, International Conference on Networking and Services, IEEE, 2006, 9 pages.
Davis et al., “Stone Soup Translation”, Department of Linguistics, Ohio State University, 2001, 11 pages.
De Herrera, Chris, “Microsoft ActiveSync 3.1”, Version 1.02, available at <http://www.cewindows.net/wce/activesync3.1.htm>, Oct. 13, 2000, 8 pages.
Deedeevuu, “Amazon Echo Alarm Feature”, Available online at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fdjU8eRLk7c, Feb. 16, 2015, 1 page.
Del Strother, Jonathan, “Coverflow”, available at <http://www.steelskies.com/coverflow>, retrieved on Jun. 15, 2006, 14 pages.
Digital Audio in the New Era, Electronic Design and Application, No. 6, Jun. 30, 2003, 3 pages.
Dittenbach et al., “A Natural Language Query Interface for Tourism Information”, In: Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2003, XP055114393, Feb. 14, 2003, pp. 152-162.
Dobrisek et al., “Evolution of the Information-Retrieval System for Blind and Visually-Impaired People”, International Journal of Speech Technology, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Bo, vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 301-309.
Domingue et al., “Web Service Modeling Ontology (WSMO)—An Ontology for Semantic Web Services”, Position Paper at the W3C Workshop on Frameworks for Semantics in Web Services, Innsbruck, Austria, Jun. 2005, 6 pages.
Donovan, R. E., “A New Distance Measure for Costing Spectral Discontinuities in Concatenative Speech Synthesisers”, available at <http://citeseerx.ist.osu.edu/viewdoc/summarv?doi=1 0.1.1.21.6398>, 2001, 4 pages.
Dragon Naturally Speaking Version 11 Users Guide, Nuance Communications, Inc., Copyright @2002-2010, 132 pages.
Dual Rate Speech Coder for Multimedia Communications Transmitting at 5.3 and 6.3 kbit/s, International Telecommunication Union Recommendation G.723, 7 pages.
Dusan et al., “Multimodal Interaction on PDA's Integrating Speech and Pen Inputs”, Eurospeech Geneva, 2003, 4 pages.
Dyslexic.com, “AlphaSmart 3000 with CoWriter SmartApplet: Don Johnston Special Needs”, available at <http://www.dyslexic.com/procuts.php?catid-2&pid=465&PHPSESSID=2511b800000f7da>, retrieved on Dec. 6, 2005, 13 pages.
Eagle et al., “Social Serendipity: Proximity Sensing and Cueing”, MIT Media Laboratory Technical Note 580, May 2004, 18 pages.
Elliott et al., “Annotation Suggestion and Search for Personal Multimedia Objects on the Web”, CIVR, Jul. 7-9, 2008, pp. 75-84.
Eluminx, “Illuminated Keyboard”, available at <http://www.elumix.com/>, retrieved on Dec. 19, 2002, 1 page.
Engst, Adam C., “SoundJam Keeps on Jammin'”, available at <http://db.tidbits.com/getbits.acgi?tbart=05988>, Jun. 19, 2000, 3 pages.
Ericsson et al., “Software Illustrating a Unified Approach to Multimodality and Multilinguality in the In-Home Domain”, Talk and Look: Tools for Ambient Linguistic Knowledge, Dec. 2006, 127 pages.
Erol et al., “Multimedia Clip Generation From Documents for Browsing on Mobile Devices”, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol. 10, No. 5, Aug. 2008, 13 pages.
Eslambolchilar et al., “Making Sense of Fisheye Views”, Second Dynamics and Interaction Workshop at University of Glasgow, Aug. 2005, 6 pages.
Eslambolchilar et al., “Multimodal Feedback for Tilt Controlled Speed Dependent Automatic Zooming”, UIST'04, Oct. 24-27, 2004, 2 pages.
European Search Report received for European Patent Application No. 01201774.5, dated Sep. 14, 2001, 3 pages.
Evermann et al., “Posterior Probability Decoding, Confidence Estimation and System Combination”, Proceedings Speech Transcription Workshop, 2000, 4 pages.
EVI, “Meet Evi: The One Mobile Application that Provides Solutions for your Everyday Problems”, Feb. 2012, 3 pages.
Exhibit 1, “Natural Language Interface Using Constrained Intermediate Dictionary of Results”, List of Publications Manually Reviewed for the Search of U.S. Pat. No. 7,177,798, Mar. 22, 2013, 1 page.
Extended European Search Report (includes European Search Report and European Search Opinion) received for European Patent Application No. 06256215.2, dated Feb. 20, 2007, 6 pages.
Extended European Search Report (includes European Search Report and European Search Opinion) received for European Patent Application No. 12186113.2, dated Apr. 28, 2014, 14 pages.
Extended European Search Report (includes Partial European Search Report and European Search Opinion) received for European Patent Application No. 13169672.6, dated Aug. 14, 2013, 11 pages.
Extended European Search Report (includes Partial European Search Report and European Search Opinion) received for European Patent Application No. 15169349.6, dated Jul. 28, 2015, 8 pages.
Extended European Search Report (includes Partial European Search Report and European Search Opinion) received for European Patent Application No. 15196748.6, dated Apr. 4, 2016.
Extended European Search Report (includes Partial European Search Report and European Search Opinion) received for European Patent Application No. 16150079.8, dated Feb. 18, 2016, 7 pages.
Extended European Search Report (includes Supplementary European Search Report and Search Opinion) received for European Patent Application No. 07863218.9, dated Dec. 9, 2010, 7 pages.
Extended European Search Report (includes Supplementary European Search Report and Search Opinion) received for European Patent Application No. 12727027.0, dated Sep. 26, 2014, 7 pages.
Extended European Search Report (inclusive of the Partial European Search Report and European Search Opinion) received for European Patent Application No. 12729332.2, dated Oct. 31, 2014, 6 pages.
Extended European Search Report and Search Opinion received for European Patent Application No. 12185276.8, dated Dec. 18, 2012, 4 pages.
Extended European Search Report received for European Patent Application No. 11159884.3, dated May 20, 2011, 8 pages.
Extended European Search Report received for European Patent Application No. 11707939.2, dated Nov. 18, 2016, 13 pages.
Extended European Search Report received for European Patent Application No. 12186663.6, dated Jul. 16, 2013, 6 pages.
Extended European Search Report received for European Patent Application No. 13726938.7, dated Dec. 14, 2015, 8 pages.
Extended European Search Report received for European Patent Application No. 13770552.1, dated Jan. 7, 2016, 5 pages.
Extended European Search Report received for European Patent Application No. 14719914.5, dated Oct. 10, 2016, 7 pages.
Extended European Search Report received for European Patent Application No. 14737370.8, dated May 19, 2016, 12 pages.
Extended European Search Report received for European Patent Application No. 16186308.9, dated Jan. 16, 2017, 9 pages.
Extended European Search Report received for European Patent Application No. 16188272.5, dated Nov. 18, 2016, 12 pages.
Extended European Search Report received for European Patent Application No. 16195814.5, dated Jul. 5, 2017, 13 pages.
Extended European Search Report received for European Patent Application No. 16198245.9, dated Feb. 22, 2017, 13 pages.
Extended Search Report received for European Patent Application No. 16188055.4, dated Dec. 22, 2016, 8 pages.
Feigenbaum et al., “Computer-Assisted Semantic Annotation of Scientific Life Works”, Oct. 15, 2007, 22 pages.
Findlater et al., “Beyond QWERTY: Augmenting Touch-Screen Keyboards with Multi-Touch Gestures for Non-Alphanumeric Input”, CHI '12, Austin, Texas, USA, May 5-10, 2012, 4 pages.
Finkel et al., “Joint Parsing and Named Entity Recognition”, Human Language Technologies: The 2009 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the ACL, Jun. 2009, pp. 326-334.
Gannes, Liz, “Alfred App Gives Personalized Restaurant Recommendations”, AllThingsD, Jul. 18, 2011, pp. 1-3.
Gervasio et al., “Active Preference Learning for Personalized Calendar Scheduling Assistance”, CiteSeerx, Proceedings of IUI'05, Jan. 2005, pp. 90-97.
Gilloire et al., “Innovative Speech Processing for Mobile Terminals: An Annotated Bibliography”, Signal Processing, vol. 80, No. 7, Jul. 2000, pp. 1149-1166.
Glass, Alyssa, “Explaining Preference Learning”, CiteSeerx, 2006, pp. 1-5.
Glossary of Adaptive Technologies: Word Prediction, available at <http://www.utoronto.ca/atrc/reference/techwordpred.html>, retrieved on Dec. 6, 2005, 5 pages.
Gmail, “About Group Chat”, available at <http://mail.google.com/support/bin/answer.py?answer=81090>, Nov. 26, 2007, 2 pages.
Gomez et al., “Mouth Gesture and Voice Command Based Robot Command Interface”, IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, May 12-17, 2009, pp. 333-338.
Gong et al., “Guidelines for Handheld Mobile Device Interface Design”, Proceedings of DSI 2004 Annual Meeting, 2004, pp. 3751-3756.
Gruber et al., “Siri, a Virtual Personal Assistant Bringing Intelligence to the Interface”, Available at URL:https://web.archive.org/web/20090824055846/http://tomgruber.org/writing/Siri-SemTech09.pdf, Aug. 24, 2009, 21 pages.
Gruber, Thomas R., et al., U.S Appl. No. 61/186,414, filed Jun. 12, 2009 titled “System and Method for Semantic Auto-Completion” 13 pages.
Gruber, Thomas R., et al., U.S Appl. No. 61/493,201, filed Jun. 3, 2011 titled “Generating and Processing Data Items That Represent Tasks to Perform”, 68 pages.
Gruber, Thomas R., et al., Unpublished U.S. Appl. No. 61/657,744, filed Jun. 9, 2012 titled “Automatically Adapting User Interfaces for Hands-Free Interaction”, 40 pages.
Gruber, Tom, “(Avoiding) The Travesty of the Commons”, Presentation at NPUC, New Paradigms for User Computing, IBM Almaden Research Center, Jul. 24, 2006, 52 pages.
Gruber, Tom, “2021: Mass Collaboration and the Really New Economy”, TNTY Futures, vol. 1, No. 6, Available online at <http://tomgruber.org/writing/tnty2001.htm>, Aug. 2001, 5 pages.
Gruber, Tom, “Big Think Small Screen: How Semantic Computing in the Cloud will Revolutionize the Consumer Experience on the Phone”, Keynote Presentation at Web 3.0 Conference, Jan. 2010, 41 pages.
Gruber, Tom, “Collective Knowledge Systems: Where the Social Web Meets the Semantic Web”, Web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the World Wide Web, 2007, pp. 1-19.
Gruber, Tom, “Despite Our Best Efforts, Ontologies are not the Problem”, AAAI Spring Symposium, Available online at <http://tomgruber.org/writing/aaai-ss08.htm>, Mar. 2008, pp. 1-40.
Gruber, Tom, “Enterprise Collaboration Management with Intraspect”, Intraspect Technical White Paper, Jul. 2001, pp. 1-24.
Gruber, Tom, “Every Ontology is a Treaty—A Social Agreement-Among People with Some Common Motive in Sharing”, Official Quarterly Bulletin of AIS Special Interest Group on Semantic Web and Information Systems, vol. 1, No. 3, 2004, pp. 1-5.
Gruber, Tom, “Helping Organizations Collaborate, Communicate, and Learn”, Presentation to NASA Ames Research, Available online at <http://tomgruber.org/writing/organizational-intelligence-talk.htm>, Mar.-Oct. 2003, 30 pages.
Gruber, Tom, “Intelligence at the Interface: Semantic Technology and the Consumer Internet Experience”, Presentation at Semantic Technologies Conference, Available online at <http://tomgruber.org/writing/semtech08.htm>, May 20, 2008, pp. 1-40.
Gruber, Tom, “It Is What It Does: The Pragmatics of Ontology for Knowledge Sharing”, Proceedings of the International CIDOC CRM Symposium, Available online at <http://tomgruber.org/writing/cidoc-ontology.htm>, Mar. 26, 2003, 21 pages.
Gruber, Tom, “Ontologies, Web 2.0 and Beyond”, Ontology Summit, Available online at <http://tomgruber.org/writing/ontolog-social-web-keynote.htm>, Apr. 2007, 17 pages.
Gruber, Tom, “Ontology of Folksonomy: A Mash-Up of Apples and Oranges”, Int'l Journal on Semantic Web & Information Systems, vol. 3, No. 2, 2007, 7 pages.
Gruber, Tom, “Siri, A Virtual Personal Assistant-Bringing Intelligence to the Interface”, Semantic Technologies Conference, Jun. 16, 2009, 21 pages.
Gruber, Tom, “TagOntology”, Presentation to Tag Camp, Oct. 29, 2005, 20 pages.
Gruber, Tom, “Where the Social Web Meets the Semantic Web”, Presentation at the 5th International Semantic Web Conference, Nov. 2006, 38 pages.
Guay, Matthew, “Location-Driven Productivity with Task Ave”, available at <http://iphone.appstorm.net/reviews/productivity/location-driven-productivity-with-task-ave/>, Feb. 19, 2011, 7 pages.
Guim, Mark, “How to Set a Person-Based Reminder with Cortana”, available at <http://www.wpcentral.com/how-to-person-based-reminder-cortana>, Apr. 26, 2014, 15 pages.
Gurevych et al., “Semantic Coherence Scoring Using an Ontology”, North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics Archive, Proceedings of the 2003 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics on Human Language Technology, May 27, 2003, 8 pages.
Guzzoni et al., “A Unified Platform for Building Intelligent Web Interaction Assistants”, Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, Computer Society, 2006, 4 pages.
Guzzoni et al., “Active, A Platform for Building Intelligent Operating Rooms”, Surgetica 2007 Computer-Aided Medical Interventions: Tools and Applications, 2007, pp. 191-198.
Guzzoni et al., “Active, A platform for Building Intelligent Software”, Computational Intelligence, available at <http://www.informatik.uni-trier.del-ley/pers/hd/g/Guzzoni:Didier >, 2006, 5 pages.
Guzzoni et al., “Active, A Tool for Building Intelligent User Interfaces”, ASC 2007, Palma de Mallorca, Aug. 2007, 6 pages.
Guzzoni et al., “Modeling Human-Agent Interaction with Active Ontologies”, AAAI Spring Symposium, Interaction Challenges for Intelligent Assistants, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, 2007, 8 pages.
Guzzoni, D., “Active: A Unified Platform for Building Intelligent Assistant Applications”, Oct. 25, 2007, 262 pages.
Haga et al., “A Usability Survey of a Contents-Based Video Retrieval System by Combining Digital Video and an Electronic Bulletin Board”, The Internet and Higher Education, vol. 8, No. 3, 2005, pp. 251-262.
Hain et al., “The Papageno TTS System”, Siemens AG, Corporate Technology, Munich, Germany TC-STAR Workshop, 2006, 6 pages.
Haitsma et al., “A Highly Robust Audio Fingerprinting System”, In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Music Information Retrieval (ISMIR), 2002, 9 pages.
Hardwar, Devindra, “Driving App Waze Builds its own Siri for Hands-Free Voice Control”, Available online at <http://venturebeat.com/2012/02/09/driving-app-waze-builds-its-own-siri-for-hands-free-voice-control/>, retrieved on Feb. 9, 2012, 4 pages.
Hashimoto, Yoshiyuki , “Simple Guide for iPhone Siri, Which Can Be Operated with Your Voice”, Shuwa System Co., Ltd., vol. 1, Jul. 5, 2012, pp. 8, 130, 131.
Hawkins et al., “Hierarchical Temporal Memory: Concepts, Theory and Terminology”, Numenta, Inc., Mar. 27, 2007, 20 pages.
He et al., “A data-driven spoken language understanding system”, 2003 IEEE Workshop on Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding, 2003, pp. 583-588.
Headset Button Controller v7.3 APK Full APP Download for Android, Blackberry, iPhone, 11 pages.
Hear voice from Google translate, Available on URL:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=18AvMhFqD28, Jan. 28, 2011, 1 page.
Hendrickson, Bruce, “Latent Semantic Analysis and Fiedler Retrieval”, Linear Algebra and its Applications, vol. 421, 2007, pp. 345-355.
Hodjat et al., “Iterative Statistical Language Model Generation for use with an Agent-Oriented Natural Language Interface”, Proceedings of HCI International, vol. 4, 2003, pp. 1422-1426.
Huang et al., “A Novel Approach to Robust Speech Endpoint Detection in Car Environments”, Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing 2000, Icassp '00, Proceeding S. 2000 IEEE International Conference on Jun. 5-9, 2000, vol. 3, Jun. 5, 2000, pp. 1751-1754.
iAP Sports Lingo 0x09 Protocol V1.00, May 1, 2006, 17 pages.
IBM, “Why Buy: ThinkPad”, available at <http://www.pc.ibm.com/us/thinkpad/easeofuse.html>, retrieved on Dec. 19, 2002, 2 pages.
Ichat AV, “Video Conferencing for the Rest of Us”, Apple—Mac OS X—iChat AV, available at <http://www.apple.com/macosx/features/ichat/>, retrieved on Apr. 13, 2006, 3 pages.
id3.org, “id3v2.4.0-Frames”, available at <http://id3.oreid3v2.4.0-frames?action=print>, retrieved on Jan. 22, 2015, 41 pages.
IEEE 1394 (Redirected from Firewire, Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, available at <http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firewire>, retrieved on Jun. 8, 2003, 2 pages.
Interactive Voice, available at <http://www.helloivee.com/company/>, retrieved on Feb. 10, 2014, 2 pages.
Guay, Matthew, “Location-Driven Productivity with Task Ave”, available at <http://iphone.appstorm.net/reviews/productivity/location-driven-productiyity-with-task-ave/>, Feb. 19, 2011, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2004/002873, dated Feb. 1, 2006, 5 pages.
International Preliminary report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2004/016519, dated Jan. 23, 2006, 12 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2005/030234, dated Mar. 20, 2007, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000042, dated Jul. 7, 2009, 6 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000043, dated Jul. 7, 2009, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000047, dated Jul. 7, 2009, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2009/051954, dated Mar. 24, 2011, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2009/055577, completed on Aug. 6, 2010, 12 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2010/037378, dated Dec. 6, 2011, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2011/020350, dated Jul. 17, 2012, 12 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2011/020825, dated Jan. 13, 2012, 17 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2011/020861, dated Aug. 2, 2012, 11 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2011/037014, dated Dec. 13, 2012, 10 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/029810, dated Oct. 3, 2013, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/034028, dated Oct. 31, 2013, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/040571, dated Dec. 19, 2013, 10 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/040801, dated Dec. 19, 2013, 16 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/040931, dated Dec. 18, 2014, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/043098, dated Jan. 9, 2014, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/043100, dated Jan. 9, 2014, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/056382, dated Apr. 10, 2014, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/028412, dated Sep. 12, 2014, 12 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/028920, dated Sep. 18, 2014, 11 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/029156, dated Sep. 9, 2014, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/041225, dated Nov. 27, 2014, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/041233, dated Nov. 18, 2014, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/044574, dated Dec. 9, 2014, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/044834, dated Dec. 9, 2014, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/047659, dated Dec. 31, 2014, 15 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/047668, dated Jan. 8, 2015, 13 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/052558, dated Feb. 12, 2015, 12 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/058916, dated Mar. 19, 2015, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/060121, dated Apr. 2, 2015, 6 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/015418, dated Aug. 20, 2015, 12 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/016988, dated Sep. 3, 2015, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/023822, dated Sep. 24, 2015, 12 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/023826, dated Sep. 24, 2015, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/026871, dated Sep. 24, 2015, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/026873, dated Sep. 24, 2015, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/028785, dated Sep. 24, 2015, 15 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/028950, dated Sep. 24, 2015, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/029050, dated Sep. 24, 2015, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/029562, dated Sep. 24, 2015, 16 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040393, dated Dec. 8, 2015, 15 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040394, dated Dec. 23, 2015, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040397, dated Dec. 17, 2015, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040401, dated Dec. 8, 2015, 6 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040403 dated Dec. 23, 2015, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040961, dated Dec. 17, 2015, 20 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/041159, dated Dec. 17, 2015, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/041173, dated Dec. 17, 2015, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/049568, dated Feb. 18, 2016, 10 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/023089, dated Jan. 12, 2017, 12 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/023097, dated Jan. 12, 2017, 11 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/023593, dated Dec. 15, 2016, 12 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/029554, dated Dec. 29, 2016, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability Received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/032470, dated Dec. 15, 2016, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/032724, dated Dec. 15, 2016, 8 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/033051, dated Dec. 15, 2016, 10 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/047062, dated Mar. 9, 2017, 18 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/047064, dated Mar. 23, 2017, 9 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/047281, dated Apr. 13, 2017, 13 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/047553, dated Apr. 13, 2017, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/047583, dated Apr. 13, 2017, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/047584, dated Apr. 13, 2017, 7 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/021103, dated Sep. 21, 2017, 11 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/021104, dated Sep. 21, 2017, 11 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/021409, dated Sep. 21, 2017, 16 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/021410, dated Sep. 21, 2017, 12 pages.
International Preliminary Report on Patentability received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/23312, dated Sep. 28, 2017, 5 pages.
International Search Report & Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/021410, dated Jul. 26, 2016, 19 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US16/23312, dated Jun. 27, 2016, 7 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2004/002873, dated Oct. 13, 2005, 7 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2004/016519, dated Nov. 3, 2005, 6 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2005/030234, dated Mar. 17, 2006, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2005/038819, dated Apr. 5, 2006, 12 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2006/048669, dated Jul. 2, 2007, 12 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2006/048670, dated May 21, 2007, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2006/048753, dated Jun. 19, 2007, 15 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2007/026243, dated Mar. 31, 2008, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2007/088872, dated May 8, 2008, 8 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2007/088873, dated May 8, 2008, 7 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000032, dated Jun. 12, 2008, 7 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000042, dated May 21, 2008, 7 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000043, dated Oct. 10, 2008, 12 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000045, dated Jun. 12, 2008, 7 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000047, dated Sep. 11, 2008, 12 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000059, dated Sep. 19, 2008, 18 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000061, dated Jul. 1, 2008, 13 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2009/051954, dated Oct. 30, 2009, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2009/055577, dated Jan. 26, 2010, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2010/037378, dated Aug. 25, 2010, 14 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2011/020350, dated Jun. 30, 2011, 17 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2011/020825, dated Mar. 18, 2011, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2011/020861, dated Nov. 29, 2011, 12 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/029810, dated Aug. 17, 2012, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/034028, dated Jun. 11, 2012, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/040571, dated Nov. 16, 2012, 14 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/040801, dated Oct. 22, 2012, 20 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/040931, dated Feb. 1, 2013, 4 pages. (International Search Report only).
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/043098, dated Nov. 14, 2012, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/043100, dated Nov. 15, 2012, 8 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/056382, dated Dec. 20, 2012, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/028412, dated Sep. 26, 2013, 17 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/028920, dated Jun. 27, 2013, 14 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/029156, datd Jul. 15, 2013, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/040971, dated Nov. 12, 2013, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/041225, dated Aug. 23, 2013, 3 pages. (International Search Report only).
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/044574, dated Sep. 27, 2013, 12 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/044834, dated Dec. 20, 2013, 13 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/047659, dated Jul. 7, 2014, 25 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/047668, dated Feb. 13, 2014, 17 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/052558, dated Jan. 30, 2014, 15 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/058916, dated Sep. 8, 2014, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/060121, dated Dec. 6, 2013, 8 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/015418, dated Aug. 26, 2014, 17 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/016988, dated Apr. 29, 2014, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/023822, dated Sep. 25, 2014, 14 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/023826, dated Oct. 9, 2014, 13 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/026871, dated Jul. 23, 2014, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/026873, dated Jan. 5, 2015, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/028785, dated Oct. 17, 2014, 23 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/028950, dated Nov. 25, 2014, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/029050, dated Jul. 31, 2014, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/029562, dated Sep. 18, 2014, 21 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040393, dated Dec. 8, 2014, 23 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040394, dated Aug. 8, 2014, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040397, dated Aug. 27, 2014, 12 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040401, dated Sep. 4, 2014, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040403, dated Sep. 23, 2014, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040961, dated Mar. 10, 2015, 5 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/041159, dated Sep. 26, 2014, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/041173, dated Sep. 10, 2014, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/049568, dated Nov. 14, 2014, 12 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/053951, dated Dec. 8, 2014, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/053957, dated Feb. 19, 2015, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/053958, dated Feb. 19, 2015, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/019320, dated Jul. 2, 2015, 14 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/019321, dated Jun. 3, 2015, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/019322, dated Jun. 18, 2015, 16 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/023089, dated Aug. 20, 2015, 16 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/023097, dated Jul. 7, 2015, 15 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/023593, dated Aug. 14, 2015, 16 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/025188, dated Jun. 23, 2015, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/029554, dated Jul. 16, 2015, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/032470, dated Oct. 1, 2015, 13 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/032724, dated Jul. 27, 2015, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/033051, dated Aug. 5, 2015, 14 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/047062, dated Jan. 13, 2016, 25 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/047064, dated Nov. 13, 2015, 13 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/047281, dated Dec. 17, 2015, 19 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/047553, dated Jan. 5, 2016, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/047583, dated Feb. 3, 2016, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/047584, dated Nov. 9, 2015, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/053365, dated Mar. 10, 2016, 20 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/053366, dated Apr. 26, 2016, 16 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/021103, dated Jun. 8, 2016, 15 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/021104, dated Jun. 8, 2016, 15 pages.
International Search Report and Written opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/021409, dated May 26, 2016, 22 pages.
International Search report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/024666, dated Jun. 10, 2016, 13 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/025404, dated Jun. 24, 2016, 21 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/025407, dated Jun. 23, 2016, 18 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/025408, dated Aug. 11, 2016, 19 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/031059, dated Aug. 8, 2016, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/031549, dated Aug. 5, 2016, 35 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/031550, dated Aug. 4, 2016, 13 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/035105, dated Aug. 29, 2016, 25 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/035107, dated Aug. 31, 2016, 26 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/035112, dated Aug. 22, 2016, 21 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/043005, dated Oct. 7, 2016, 17 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion Received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/047184, dated Jan. 17, 2017, 22 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/047215, dated Oct. 24, 2016, 18 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion Received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/051151, dated Nov. 22, 2016, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/051927, dated Feb. 6, 2017, 17 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/053445, dated Dec. 6, 2016, 11 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion Received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/054459, dated Dec. 29, 2016, 8 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/055914, dated Jan. 17, 2017, 10 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/056510, dated Jan. 9, 2017, 9 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/064452, dated Feb. 16, 2017, 23 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2017/019332, dated May 18, 2017, 9 pages.
International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/GB2009/051684, dated Mar. 12, 2010, 4 pages.
International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2002/024669, dated Nov. 5, 2002, 3 pages.
International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2002/024670, dated Sep. 26, 2002, 3 pages.
International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2002/033330, dated Feb. 4, 2003, 6 pages.
International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2005/046797, dated Nov. 24, 2006, 6 pages.
International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2011/037014, dated Oct. 4, 2011, 6 pages.
International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/041233, dated Nov. 22, 2013, 3 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fee Received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/047184, dated Dec. 6, 2016, 9 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fee Received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/051927, dated Nov. 15, 2016, 2 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees and Partial International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2004/016519, dated Aug. 4, 2005, 6 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees and Partial International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2005/046797, dated Jul. 3, 2006, 6 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees and Partial International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2006/048738, dated Jul. 10, 2007, 4 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees and Partial International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2011/020350, dated Apr. 14, 2011, 5 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees and Partial International Search Report received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/023089, dated Jun. 17, 2015, 7 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees received for PCT Application No. PCT/US2016/021410, dated Apr. 28, 2016, 2 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000043, dated Jun. 27, 2008, 4 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2008/000047, dated Jul. 4, 2008, 4 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2011/037014, dated Aug. 2, 2011, 6 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/040801, dated Aug. 8, 2012, 2 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/047659, dated Feb. 27, 2014, 7 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/052558, dated Nov. 7, 2013, 6 pages.
Invitation to pay additional fees received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/029562, dated Jul. 4, 2014, 7 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040393, dated Sep. 17, 2014, 7 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/040961, dated Jan. 14, 2015, 3 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/047281, dated Oct. 8, 2015, 6 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2015/053366, dated Feb. 19, 2016, 8 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2016/025408, dated May 13, 2016, 2 pages.
Invitation to Pay Additional Fees received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/028785, dated Jul. 4, 2014, 7 pages.
Invitation to pay additional fees received for the PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2014/015418, dated May 26, 2014, 5 pages.
Iowegian International, “FIR Filter Properties, DSPGuru, Digital Signal Processing Central”, available at <http://www.dspguru.com/dsp/faq/fir/properties> retrieved on Jul. 28, 2010, 6 pages.
Iphone Hacks, “Native iPhone MMS Application Released”, available at <http://www.iphonehacks.com/2007/12/iphone-mms-app.html>, retrieved on Dec. 25, 2007, 5 pages.
Iphonechat, “iChat for iPhone in JavaScript”, available at <http://www.publictivity.com/iPhoneChat/>, retrieved on Dec. 25, 2007, 2 pages.
Iso-Sipila et al., “Multi-Lingual Speaker-Independent Voice User Interface for Mobile Devices”, ICASSP 2006 Proceedings, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing May 14, 2006, pp. 1-1081.
Jabra Corporation, “FreeSpeak: BT200 User Manual”, 2002, 42 pages.
Jabra, “Bluetooth Headset: User Manual”, 2005, 17 pages.
Jabra, “Bluetooth Introduction”, 2004, 15 pages.
Jawaid et al., “Machine Translation with Significant Word Reordering and Rich Target-Side Morphology”, WDS'11 Proceedings of Contributed Papers, Part I, 2011, pp. 161-166.
Jaybird, “Everything Wrong with AIM: Because We've All Thought About It”, available at <http://www.psychonoble.com/archives/articles/82.html>, May 24, 2006, 3 pages.
Jensvoll, Maja Henriette, “The Acquisition of Past Tense in English/Norwegian Bilingual Children Single versus Dual Mechanisms”, Proceedings of the 19th Scandinavian Conference of Linguistics, vol. 31, No. 3, 2003, pp. 545-557.
Jiang et al., “A Syllable-based Name Transliteration System”, Proc. of the 2009 Named Entities Workshop, Aug. 7, 2009, pp. 96-99.
Jonsson et al, “Proximity-based Reminders Using Bluetooth”, 2014 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Demonstrations, 2014, pp. 151-153.
Jouvet et al., “Evaluating Grapheme-to-phoneme Converters in Automatic Speech Recognition Context”, IEEE,, 2012,, pp. 4821-4824.
Kahn et al., “CoABS Grid Scalability Experiments”, Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, vol. 7, 2003, pp. 171-178.
Kanda et al., “Robust Domain Selection Using Dialogue History in Multi-domain Spoken Dialogue Systems”, Journal of Information Processing Society, vol. 48, No. 5, May 15, 2007, pp. 1980-1989. (English Abstract Submitted).
Kanda et al., “Spoken Language Understanding Using Dialogue Context in Database Search Task”, Journal of Information Processing Society of Japan, vol. 47, No. 6, Jun. 15, 2006, pp. 1802-1811. (English Abstract Submitted).
Kane et al., “Slide Rule: Making Mobile Touch Screens Accessible to Blind People Using Multi-Touch Interaction Techniques”, ASSETS, Oct. 13-15, 2008, pp. 73-80.
Katz et al., “REXTOR: A System for Generating Relations from Natural Language”, Proceedings of the ACL Workshop on Natural Language Processing and Information Retrieval (NLP&IR), Oct. 2000, 11 pages.
Katzenmaier et al., “Identifying the Addressee in Human—Human-Robot Interactions based on Head Pose and Speech”, Proc. ICMI ' 04, ACM, 2004, pp. 144-151.
Kazemzadeh et al., “Acoustic Correlates of User Response to Error in Human-Computer Dialogues”, Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding, 2003, pp. 215-220.
Kazmucha, Allyson, “How to Send Map Locations Using iMessage”, iMore.com, Available at <http://www.imore.com/how-use-imessage-share-your-location-your-iphone>, Aug. 2, 2012, 6 pages.
Kickstarter, “Ivee Sleek: Wi-Fi Voice-Activated Assistant”, available at <https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/ivee/ivee-sleek-wi-fi-voice-activated-assistant>, retrieved on Feb. 10, 2014, 13 pages.
Kitaoka et al., “Detection and Recognition of Correction Utterances on Misrecognition of Spoken Dialog System”, Systems and Computers in Japan, vol. 36, No. 11 Oct. 2005, pp. 24-33.
Klabbers et al., “Reducing Audible Spectral Discontinuities”, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 9, No. 1, Jan. 2001, 13 pages.
Knownav, “Knowledge Navigator”, YouTube Video available at <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QRH8eimU_20>, Apr. 29, 2008, 1 page.
Kohler, Joachim, “Multilingual Phone Models for Vocabulary-Independent Speech Recognition Tasks”, Speech Communication, vol. 35, No. 1-2, Aug. 2001, pp. 21-30.
Komatani et al., “Multi-domain Spoken Dialogue System with Extensibility and Robustness Against Speech Recognition Errors”, Proceedings of the 7th SIGdial Workshop on Discourse and Dialogue, Association for Computational Linguistics, Jul. 2006, pp. 9-17.
Kominek et al., “Impact of Durational Outlier Removal from Unit Selection Catalogs”, 5th ISCA Speech Synthesis Workshop, Jun. 14-16, 2004, 6 pages.
Külekci et al., “Turkish Word Segmentation Using Morphological Analyzer”, 7th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, 2nd Interspeech Event, 2001, 4 pages.
Lafferty et al., “Conditional Random Fields: Probabilistic Models for Segmenting and Labeling Sequence Data”, Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Machine Learning, 2001, 9 pages.
Larks, “Intelligent Software Agents”, available at <http://www.cs.cmu.edu/˜softagents/larks.html> retrieved on Mar. 15, 2013, 2 pages.
Lee et al., “On URL Normalization”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Science and its Applications, ICCSA 2005, pp. 1076-1085.
Lemon et al., “Multithreaded Context for Robust Conversational Interfaces: Context-Sensitive Speech Recognition and Interpretation of Corrective Fragments”, ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, vol. 11, No. 3, Sep. 2004, pp. 241-267.
Leong et al., “CASIS: A Context-Aware Speech Interface System”, Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, Jan. 2005, pp. 231-238.
Lewis, Cameron, “Task Ave for iPhone Review”, Mac Life, Available at <http://www.maclife.com/article/reviews/task_ave_iphone_review>, Mar. 3, 2011, 5 pages.
Lewis, Peter, “Two New Ways to Buy Your Bits”, CNN Money, available at <http://money.cnn.com/2003/12/30/commentary/ontechnology/download/>,, Dec. 31, 2003, 4 pages.
Li et al., “A Phonotactic Language model for Spoken Language Identification”, Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting of the ACL, Jun. 25, 2005, pp. 515-522.
Lieberman et al., “Out of Context: Computer Systems that Adapt to, and Learn from, Context”, IBM Systems Journal, vol. 39, No. 3 & 4, 2000, pp. 617-632.
Logan et al., “Mel Frequency Cepstral Co-efficients for Music Modeling”, International Symposium on Music Information Retrieval, 2000, 2 pages.
Lyons et al., “Augmenting Conversations Using Dual-Purpose Speech”, Proceedings of the 17th Annual ACM Symposium on User interface Software and Technology, 2004, 10 pages.
Macsimum News, “Apple Files Patent for an Audio Interface for the iPod”, available at <http://www.macsimumnews.com/index.php/archive/apple_files_patent_for_an_audio_interface_for_the_ipod>, retrieved on Jul. 13, 2006, 8 pages.
Mactech, “KeyStrokes 3.5 for Mac OS X Boosts Word Prediction”, available at <http://www.mactech.com/news/?p=1007129>, retrieved on Jan. 7, 2008, 3 pages.
Mahedero et al., “Natural Language Processing of Lyrics”, In Proceedings of the 13th Annual ACM International Conference on Multimedia, ACM, Nov. 6-11, 2005, 4 pages.
Mangu et al., “Finding Consensus in Speech Recognition: Word Error Minimization and Other Applications of Confusion Networks”, Computer Speech and Language, vol. 14, No. 4, 2000, pp. 291-294.
Martins et al., “Extracting and Exploring the Geo-Temporal Semantics of Textual Resources”, Semantic Computing, IEEE International Conference, 2008, pp. 1-9.
Meet Ivee, Your Wi-Fi Voice Activated Assistant, available at <http://www.helloivee.com/>, retrieved on Feb. 10, 2014, 8 pages.
Mel Scale, Wikipedia the Free Encyclopedia, Last modified on Oct. 13, 2009 and retrieved on Jul. 28, 2010, available at <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_scale>, 2 pages.
Meng et al., “Generating Phonetic Cognates to Handle Named Entities in English-Chinese Cross-Language Spoken Document Retrieval”, Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding, Dec. 2001, pp. 311-314.
Menta, Richard, “1200 Song MP3 Portable is a Milestone Player”, available at <http://www.mp3newswire.net/stories/personaljuke.html>, Jan. 11, 2000, 4 pages.
Microsoft Corporation, Microsoft Office Word 2003 (SP2), Microsoft Corporation, SP3 as of 2005, pages MSWord 2003 Figures 1-5, 1983-2003.
Microsoft Windows XP, “Magnifier Utility”, Oct. 25, 2001, 2 pages.
Microsoft, “Turn on and Use Magnifier”, available at <http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/using/accessibility/magnifierturnon.mspx>, retrieved on Jun. 6, 2009.
Microsoft/Ford, “Basic Sync Commands”, www.SyncMyRide.com, Sep. 14, 2007, 1 page.
Miller, Chance, “Google Keyboard Updated with New Personalized Suggestions Feature”, available at <http://9to5google.com/2014/03/19/google-keyboard-updated-with-new-personalized-suggestions-feature/>, Mar. 19, 2014, 4 pages.
Milward et al., “D2.2: Dynamic Multimodal Interface Reconfiguration, Talk and Look: Tools for Ambient Linguistic Knowledge”, available at <http://www.ihmc.us/users/nblaylock!Pubs/Files/talk d2.2.pdf>, Aug. 8, 2006, 69 pages.
Miniman, Jared, “Applian Software's Replay Radio and Player v1.02”, pocketnow.com—Review, available at <http://www.pocketnow.com/reviews/replay/replay.htm>, Jul. 31, 2001, 16 pages.
Minimum Phase, Wikipedia the free Encyclopedia, Last modified on Jan. 12, 2010 and retrieved on Jul. 28, 2010, available at <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimum_phase>, 8 pages.
Mitra et al., “A Graph-Oriented Model for Articulation of Ontology Interdependencies”, Advances in Database Technology, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 1777, 2000, pp. 1-15.
Moberg et al., “Cross-Lingual Phoneme Mapping for Multilingual Synthesis Systems”, Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, Jeju Island, Korea, INTERSPEECH 2004, Oct. 4-8, 2004, 4 pages.
Moberg, M., “Contributions to Multilingual Low-Footprint TTS System for Hand-Held Devices”, Doctoral Thesis, Tampere University of Technology, Aug. 17, 2007, 82 pages.
Mobile Speech Solutions, Mobile Accessibility, SVOX AG Product Information Sheet, available at <http://www.svox.com/site/bra840604/con782768/mob965831936.aSQ?osLang=1>, Sep. 27, 2012, 1 page.
Mobile Tech News, “T9 Text Input Software Updated”, available at <http://www.mobiletechnews.com/info/2004/11/23/122155.html>, Nov. 23, 2004, 4 pages.
Modi et al., “CMRadar: A Personal Assistant Agent for Calendar Management”, AAAI, Intelligent Systems Demonstrations, 2004, pp. 1020-1021.
Mok et al., “Media Searching on Mobile Devices”, IEEE EIT 2007 Proceedings, 2007, pp. 126-129.
Morrison, Jonathan, “iPhone 5 Siri Demo”, Online Available at <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_wHWwG5IhWc>, Sep. 21, 2012, 3 pages.
Morton, Philip, “Checking If an Element Is Hidden”, StackOverflow, Available at <http://stackoverflow.com/questions/178325/checking-if-an-element-is-hidden>, Oct. 7, 2008, 12 pages.
Murty et al., “Combining Evidence from Residual Phase and MFCC Features for Speaker Recognition”, IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol. 13, No. 1, Jan. 2006, 4 pages.
My Cool Aids, “What's New”, available at <http://www.mycoolaids.com/>, 2012, 1 page.
Myers, Brad A., “Shortcutter for Palm”, available at <http://www.cs.cmu.edu/˜pebbles/v5/shortcutter/palm/index.html>, retrieved on Jun. 18, 2014, 10 pages.
N200 Hands-Free Bluetooth Car Kit, available at <www.wirelessground.com>, retrieved on Mar. 19, 2007, 3 pages.
Nakagawa et al., “Speaker Recognition by Combining MFCC and Phase Information”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), 2007, pp. 2005-2008.
Nakagawa et al., “Unknown Word Guessing and Part-of-Speech Tagging Using Support Vector Machines”, Proceedings of the 6th NLPRS, 2001, pp. 325-331.
Naone, Erica, “TR10: Intelligent Software Assistant”, Technology Review, Mar.-Apr. 2009, 2 pages.
Navigli, Roberto, “Word Sense Disambiguation: A Survey”, ACM Computing Surveys, vol. 41, No. 2, Feb. 2009, 70 pages.
NCIP, “NCIP Library: Word Prediction Collection”, available at <http://www2.edc.org/ncip/library/wp/toc.htm>, 1998, 4 pages.
NDTV, “Sony SmartWatch 2 Launched in India for Rs. 14,990”, available at <http://gadgets.ndtv.com/others/news/sony-smartwatch-2-launched-in-india-for-rs-14990-420319>, Sep. 18, 2013, 4 pages.
NG, Simon, “Google's Task List Now Comes to Iphone”, SimonBlog, Available at <http://www.simonblog.com/2009/02/04/googles-task-list-now-comes-to-iphone/>, Feb. 4, 2009, 3 pages.
Nguyen et al., “Generic Manager for Spoken Dialogue Systems”, In DiaBruck: 7th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue, Proceedings, 2003, 2 pages.
Nonhoff-ARPS et al., “StraBenmusik: Portable MP3-Spieler mit USB Anschluss”, CT Magazin Fuer Computer Technik, Verlag Heinz Heise GMBH, Hannover DE, No. 25, 2000, pp. 166-175.
Notenboom, Leo A., “Can I Retrieve Old MSN Messenger Conversations?”, available at <http://ask-leo.com/can_i_retrieve_old_msn_messenger_conversations.html>, Mar. 11, 2004, 23 pages.
Noth et al., “Verbmobil: The Use of Prosody in the Linguistic Components of a Speech Understanding System”, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 8, No. 5, Sep. 2000, pp. 519-532.
Nozawa, Naoki et al., “iPhone 4S Perfect Manual”, vol. 1, First Edition, Nov. 11, 2011, 5 pages.
Oregon Scientific, “512MB Waterproof MP3 Player with FM Radio & Built-in Pedometer”, available at <http://www2.oregonscientific.com/shop/product.asp?cid=4&scid=11&4pid=581>, retrieved on Jul. 31, 2006, 2 pages.
Oregon Scientific, “Waterproof Music Player with FM Radio and Pedometer (MP121)—User Manual”, 2005, 24 pages.
Osxdaily, “Get a List of Siri Commands Directly from Siri”, Available at <http://osxdaily.com/2013/02/05/list-siri-commands/>, Feb. 5, 2013, 15 pages.
Padilla, Alfredo, “Palm Treo 750 Cell Phone Review—Messaging”, available at <http://www.wirelessinfo.com/content/palm-Treo-750-Cell-Phone-Review/Messaging.htm>, Mar. 17, 2007, 6 pages.
Palm, Inc., “User Guide: Your Palm® Treo.TM. 755p Smartphone”, 2005-2007, 304 pages.
Pan et al., “Natural Language Aided Visual Query Building for Complex Data Access”, In proceeding of the Twenty-Second Conference on Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence, XP055114607, 2010, pp. 1821-1826.
Panasonic, “Toughbook 28: Powerful, Rugged and Wireless”, Panasonic: Toughbook Models, available at <http://www.panasonic.com/computer/notebook/htm1/01a_s8.htm>, retrieved on Dec. 19, 2002, 3 pages.
Pathak et al., “Privacy-preserving Speech Processing: Cryptographic and String-matching Frameworks Show Promise”, In: IEEE signal processing magazine, retrieved from <http://www.merl.com/publications/docs/TR2013-063.pdf>, Feb. 13, 2013, 16 pages.
Patra et al., “A Kernel-Based Approach for Biomedical Named Entity Recognition”, Scientific World Journal, vol. 2013, 2013, pp. 1-7.
PhatNoise, Voice Index on Tap, Kenwood Music Keg, available at <http://www. phatnoise.com/kenwood/kenwoodssamail.html>, retrieved on Jul. 13, 2006, 1 page.
Phoenix Solutions, Inc., “Declaration of Christopher Schmandt Regarding the MIT Galaxy System”, West Interactive Corp., A Delaware Corporation, Document 40, Jul. 2, 2010, 162 pages.
Poly-Optical Products, Inc., “Poly-Optical Fiber Optic Membrane Switch Backlighting”, available at <http://www.poly-optical.com/membrane_switches.html>, retrieved on Dec. 19, 2002, 3 pages.
Powell, Josh, “Now You See Me . . . Show/Hide Performance”, available at http://www.learningjquery.com/2010/05/now-you-see-me-showhide-performance, May 4, 2010, 3 pages.
Public Safety Technologies, “Tracer 2000 Computer”, available at <http://www.pst911.com/tracer.html>, retrieved on Dec. 19, 2002, 3 pages.
Quazza et al., “Actor: A Multilingual Unit-Selection Speech Synthesis System”, Proceedings of 4th ISCA Tutorial and Research Workshop on Speech Synthesis, Jan. 1, 2001, 6 pages.
Reddi, “The Parser”.
Ren et al., “Improving Selection Performance on Pen-Based Systems: A Study of Pen-Based Interaction for Selection Tasks”, ACM Transactions on Cornputer-Human Interaction, vol. 7, No. 3, Sep. 2000, pp. 384-416.
Ricker, Thomas, “Apple Patents Audio User Interface”, Engadget, available at <http://www.engadget.com/2006/05/04/apple-patents-audio-user-interface/>, May 4, 2006, 6 pages.
Robbin et al., “MP3 Player and Encoder for Macintosh!”, SoundJam MP Plus, Version 2.0, 2000, 76 pages.
Roddy et al., “Communication and Collaboration in a Landscape of B2B eMarketplaces”, VerticalNet Solutions, White Paper, Jun. 15, 2000, 23 pages.
Roseberry, Catherine, “How to Pair a Bluetooth Headset & Cell Phone”, available at <http://mobileoffice.about.com/od/usingyourphone/ht/blueheadset_p.htm>, retrieved on Apr. 29, 2006, 2 pages.
Rossfrank, “Konstenlose Sprachmitteilungins Festnetz”, XP002234425, Dec. 10, 2000, pp. 1-4.
Routines, “SmartThings Support”, Available online at <https://web.archive.org/web/20151207165701/https://support.smartthings.com/hc/en-us/articles/205380034-Routines>, 2015, 2 pages.
Ruch et al., “Using Lexical Disambiguation and Named-Entity Recognition to Improve Spelling Correction in the Electronic Patient Record”, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Sep. 2003, pp. 169-184.
Russo et al., “Urgency is a Non-Monotonic Function of Pulse Rate”, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 122, No. 5, 2007, 6 pages.
Sankar, Ananth, “Bayesian Model Combination (BAYCOM) for Improved Recognition”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP), Mar. 18-23, 2005, pp. 845-848.
San-Segundo et al., “Confidence Measures for Dialogue Management in the CU Communicator System”, Proceedings of Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'00), Jun. 2000, 4 pages.
Santaholma, Marianne E., “Grammar Sharing Techniques for Rule-based Multilingual NLP Systems”, Proceedings of the 16th Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics, NODALIDA, 2007, 9 pages.
Sarawagi, Sunita, “CRF Package Page”, available at <http://crf.sourceforge.net/>, retrieved on Apr. 6, 2011, 2 pages.
Sarvas et al., “Metadata Creation System for Mobile Images”, Conference Proceedings, The Second International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services, Jun. 6, 2004, pp. 36-48.
Schluter et al., “Using Phase Spectrum Information for Improved Speech Recognition Performance”, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2001, pp. 133-136.
Schnelle, Dirk, “Context Aware Voice User Interfaces for Workflow Support”, Dissertation paper, Aug. 27, 2007, 254 pages.
Schone et al., “Knowledge-Free Induction of Morphology Using Latent Semantic Analysis”, Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Learning Language in Logic and the 4th Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning, vol. 7, 2000, pp. 67-72.
Schultz, Tanja, “Speaker Characteristics”, In: Speaker Classification I, retrieved from <http://ccc.inaoep.mx/˜villasen/bib/Speaker%20Characteristics.pdf>, 2007, pp. 47-74.
Sen et al., “Indian Accent Text-to-Speech System for Web Browsing”, Sadhana, vol. 27, No. 1, Feb. 2002, pp. 113-126.
Sethy et al., “A Syllable Based Approach for Improved Recognition of Spoken Names”, ITRW on Pronunciation Modeling and Lexicon Adaptation for Spoken language Technology (PMLA2002), Sep. 14-15, 2002, pp. 30-35.
Sheth et al., “Relationships at the Heart of Semantic Web: Modeling, Discovering, and Exploiting Complex Semantic Relationships”, Enhancing the Power of the Internet: Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing, Oct. 13, 2002, pp. 1-38.
Sigurdsson et al., “Mel Frequency Cepstral Co-efficients: An Evaluation of Robustness of MP3 Encoded Music”, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Music Information Retrieval, 2006, 4 pages.
Simonite, Tom, “One Easy Way to Make Siri Smarter”, Technology Review, Oct. 18, 2011, 2 pages.
Singh et al., “Automatic Generation of Phone Sets and Lexical Transcriptions”, Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP'00), 2000, pp. 1691-1694.
Sinitsyn, Alexander, “A Synchronization Framework for Personal Mobile Servers”, Proceedings of the Second IEEE Annual Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops, Piscataway, 2004, pp. 1, 3 and 5.
Sony Eiicsson Corporate, “Sony Ericsson to introduce Auto pairing.TM. to Improve Bluetooth.TM. Connectivity Between Headsets and Phones”, Press Release, available at <http://www.sonyericsson.com/spg.jsp?cc=global&lc=en&ver=4001&template=pc3_1_ 1&z . . .>, Sep. 28, 2005, 2 pages.
Speaker Recognition, Wikipedia, The Free Enclyclopedia, Nov. 2, 2010, 4 pages.
Spiller, Karen, “Low-Decibel Earbuds Keep Noise at a Reasonable Level”, available at <http://www.nashuatelegraph.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?Date=20060813&Cate . . . >, Aug. 13, 2006, 3 pages.
Spivack, Nova, “Sneak Preview of Siri—Part Two—Technical Foundations—Interview with Tom Gruber, CTO of Siri”, Online Available at <https://web.archive.org/web/20100114234454/http://www.twine.com/item/12vhy39k4-22m/interview-with-tom-gruber-of-siri>, Jan. 14, 2010, 5 pages.
SRI, “SRI Speech: Products: Software Development Kits: EduSpeak”, available at <http://web.archive.org/web/20090828084033/http://www.speechatsri.com/products/eduspeak>shtml, retrieved on Jun. 20, 2013, 2 pages.
Stealth Computer Corporation, “Peripherals for Industrial Keyboards & Pointing Devices”, available at <http://www.stealthcomputer.com/peripherals_oem.htm>, retrieved on Dec. 19, 2002, 6 pages.
Steinberg, Gene, “Sonicblue Rio Car (10 GB, Reviewed: 6 GB)”, available at <http://electronics.cnet.com/electronics/0-6342420-1304-4098389.htrnl>, Dec. 12, 2000, 2 pages.
Stent et al., “Geo-Centric Language Models for Local Business Voice Search”, AT&T Labs—Research, 2009, pp. 389-396.
Strom et al., “Intelligent Barge-In in Conversational Systems”, MIT laboratory for Computer Science, 2000, 4 pages.
Stuker et al., “Cross-System Adaptation and Combination for Continuous Speech Recognition: The Influence of Phoneme Set and Acoustic Front-End”, Influence of Phoneme Set and Acoustic Front-End, Interspeech, Sep. 17-21, 2006, pp. 521-524.
Sullivan, Danny, “How Google Instant's Autocomplete Suggestions Work”, available at <http://searchengineland.com/how-google-instant-autocomplete-suggestions-work-62592>, Apr. 6, 2011, 12 pages.
Sundaram et al., “Latent Perceptual Mapping with Data-Driven Variable-Length Acoustic Units for Template-Based Speech Recognition”, ICASSP 2012, Mar. 2012, pp. 4125-4128.
Sycara et al., “The RETSINA MAS Infrastructure”, Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, vol. 7, 2003, 20 pages.
T3 Magazine, “Creative MuVo TX 256MB”, available at <http://www.t3.co.uk/reviews/entertainment/mp3_player/creative_muvo_tx_ 256mb>, Aug. 17, 2004, 1 page.
Taos, “TAOS, Inc. Announces Industry's First Ambient Light Sensor to Convert Light Intensity to Digital Signals”, News Release, available at <http://www.taosinc.com/presssrelease_090902.htm>, Sep. 16, 2002, 3 pages.
Textndrive, “Text'nDrive App Demo—Listen and Reply to your Messages by Voice while Driving!”, YouTube Video available at <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WaGfzoHsAMw>, Apr. 27, 2010, 1 page.
TG3 Electronics, Inc., “BL82 Series Backlit Keyboards”, available at <http://www.tg3electronics.com/products/backlit/backlit.htm>, retrieved on Dec. 19, 2002, 2 pages.
Tidwell, Jenifer, “Animated Transition”, Designing Interfaces, Patterns for effective Interaction Design, Nov. 2005, First Edition, 4 pages.
Timothy et al., “Speech-Based Annotation and Retrieval of Digital Photographs”, Interspeech. 8th Annual Conference of The International Speech Communication Association, Aug. 27, 2007, pp. 2165-2168.
Tofel, Kevin C., “SpeakTolt: A Personal Assistant for Older iPhones, iPads”, Apple News, Tips and Reviews, Feb. 9, 2012, 7 pages.
Tombros et al., “Users' Perception of Relevance of Spoken Documents”, Journal of the American Society for Information Science, New York, Aug. 2000, pp. 929-939.
Top 10 Best Practices for Voice User Interface Design available at <http://www.developer.com/voice/article.php/1567051/Top-10-Best-Practices-for-Voice-UserInterface-Design.htm>, Nov. 1, 2002, 4 pages.
Toutanova et al., “Feature-Rich Part-of-Speech Tagging with a Cyclic Dependency Network”, Computer Science Dept., Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305-9040, 2003, 8 pages.
Tucker, Joshua, “Too Lazy to Grab Your TV Remote? Use Siri Instead”, Engadget, Nov. 30, 2011, 8 pages.
Tur et al., “The CALO Meeting Assistant System”, IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing, vol. 18, No. 6, Aug. 2010, pp. 1601-1611.
Tur et al., “The CALO Meeting Speech Recognition and Understanding System”, Proc. IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop, 2008, 4 pages.
Ushida et al., “Spoken Dialogue Engine based on Autonomous Behavior Decision Model”, Omron Technics, vol. 40, No. 1, 2000, pp. 16-21. {See Communication under 37 CFR § 1.98(a) (3)}.
Veiga, Alex, “AT&T Wireless Launching Music Service”, available at <http://bizyahoo.com/ap/041005/at_t_mobile_music_5.html?printer=1>, Oct. 5, 2004, 2 pages.
Vepa et al., “New Objective Distance Measures for Spectral Discontinuities in Concatenative Speech Synthesis”, Proceedings of the IEEE 2002 Workshop on Speech Synthesis, 2002, 4 pages.
Verschelde, Jan, “MATLAB Lecture 8. Special Matrices in MATLAB”, UIC, Dept. of Math, Stat. & CS, MCS 320, Introduction to Symbolic Computation, 2005, 4 pages.
Viikki et al., “Speaker- and Language-Independent Speech Recognition in Mobile Communication Systems”, IEEE, vol. 1, 2001, pp. 5-8.
Vlingo Incar, “Distracted Driving Solution with Vlingo InCar”, YouTube Video, Available online at <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vqs8XfXxgz4>, Oct. 2010, 2 pages.
Vlingo, “Vlingo Launches Voice Enablement Application on Apple App Store”, Press Release, Dec. 3, 2008, 2 pages.
Vodafone Deutschland, “Samsung Galaxy S3 Tastatur Spracheingabe”, Available online at—“https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6kOd6Gr8uFE”, Aug. 22, 2012, 1 page.
Vogel et al., “Shift: A Technique for Operating Pen-Based Interfaces Using Touch”, CHI '07 Proceedings, Mobile Interaction Techniques I, Apr. 28-May 3, 2007, pp. 657-666.
Voiceassist, “Send Text, Listen to and Send E-Mail by Voice”, YouTube Video, Available online at <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0tEU61nHHA4>, Jul. 30, 2009, 1 page.
Voiceonthego, “Voice on the Go (BlackBerry)”, YouTube Video, available online at <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pJqpWgQS98w>, Jul. 27, 2009, 1 page.
W3C Working Draft, “Speech Synthesis Markup Language Specification for the Speech Interface Framework”, available at <http://www.w3org./TR/speech-synthesis>, retrieved on Dec. 14, 2000, 42 pages.
Wahlster et al., “Smartkom: Multimodal Communication with a Life-Like Character”, Eurospeech-Scandinavia, 7th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, 2001, 5 pages.
Waldinger et al., “Deductive Question Answering from Multiple Resources”, New Directions in Question Answering, Published by AAAI, Menlo Park, 2003, 22 pages.
Wang et al., “An Industrial-Strength Audio Search Algorithm”, In Proceedings of the International Conference on Music Information Retrieval (ISMIR), 2003, 7 pages.
Wikipedia, “Acoustic Model”, available at <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AcousticModel>, retrieved on Sep. 14, 2011, 2 pages.
Wikipedia, “Language Model”, available at <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_model>, retrieved on Sep. 14, 2011, 3 pages.
Wikipedia, “Speech Recognition”, available at <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_recognition>, retrieved on Sep. 14, 2011, 10 pages.
Wilson, Mark, “New iPod Shuffle Moves Buttons to Headphones, Adds Text to Speech”, available at <http://gizmodo.com/5167946/new-ipod-shuffle-moves-buttons-to-headphones-adds-text-to-speech>, Mar. 11, 2009, 13 pages.
Windows XP: A Big Surprise!—Experiencing Amazement from Windows XP, New Computer, No. 2, Feb. 28, 2002, 8 pages.
Wirelessinfo, “SMS/MMS Ease of Use (8.0)”, available at <http://www.wirelessinfo.com/content/palm-Treo-750-Cell-Phone-Review/Messaging.htm>, Mar. 2007, 3 pages.
Wolf, Jonathan, “The Next Step in Routing Configuration: Auto-Configuration Management Will Speed Service Rollout”, vol. 15.3, Mar. 2001, pp. 44-48.
Worldwide Character Encoding, Version 2.0, vols. 1,2 by Unicode, Inc., 12 pages.
Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2005/046797, dated Nov. 24, 2006, 9 pages.
Wu et al., “Automatic Generation of Synthesis Units and Prosodic Information for Chinese Concatenative Synthesis”, Speech Communication, vol. 35, No. 3-4, Oct. 2001, pp. 219-237.
Wu, M., “Digital Speech Processing and Coding”, Multimedia Signal Processing, Lecture-2 Course Presentation, University of Maryland, College Park, 2003, 8 pages.
Wu, M., “Speech Recognition, Synthesis, and H.C.I.”, Multimedia Signal Processing, Lecture-3 Course Presentation, University of Maryland, College Park, 2003, 11 pages.
Xiang et al., “Correcting Phoneme Recognition Errors in Learning Word Pronunciation through Speech Interaction”, Speech Communication, vol. 55, No. 1, Jan. 1, 2013, pp. 190-203.
Xu et al., “Speech-Based Interactive Games for Language Learning: Reading, Translation, and Question-Answering”, Computational Linguistics and Chinese Language Processing, vol. 14, No. 2, Jun. 2009, pp. 133-160.
Yan et al., “A Scalable Approach to Using DNN-Derived Features in GMM-HMM Based Acoustic Modeling for LVCSR”, InInterspeech, 2013, pp. 104-108.
Yoon et al., “Letter-to-Sound Rules for Korean”, Department of Linguistics, The Ohio State University, 2002, 4 pages.
Young et al, “The HTK Book”, Version 3.4, Dec. 2006, 368 pages.
Young et al., “The Hidden Information State model: A practical framework for POMDP-based spoken dialogue management”, Computer Speech & Language, vol. 24, Issue 2, 2010, pp. 150-174.
Youtube, “New bar search for Facebook”, Available at “https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwgN1WbvCas”, 1 page.
Yunker, John, “Beyond Borders: Web Globalization Strategies”, New Riders, Aug. 22, 2002, 11 pages.
Zainab, “Google Input Tools Shows Onscreen Keyboard in Multiple Languages [Chrome]”, available at <http://www.addictivetips.com/internet-tips/google-input-tools-shows-multiple-language-onscreen-keyboards-chrome/>, Jan. 3, 2012, 3 pages.
Zangerle et al., “Recommending #-Tag in Twitter”, Proceedings of the Workshop on Semantic Adaptive Socail Web, 2011, pp. 1-12.
Zelig, “A Review of the Palm Treo 750v”, available at <http://www.mtekk.com.au/Articles/tabid/54/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/769/A-Review-of-the-Palm-Treo-750v.aspx>, Feb. 5, 2007, 3 pages.
Zhang et al., “Research of Text Classification Model Based on Latent Semantic Analysis and Improved HS-SVM”, Intelligent Systems and Applications (ISA), 2010 2nd International Workshop, May 22-23, 2010, 5 pages.
Zhong et al., “JustSpeak: Enabling Universal Voice Control on Android”, W4A'14, Proceedings of the 11th Web for All Conference, No. 36, Apr. 7-9, 2014, 8 pages.
Zipnick et al., “U.S. Appl. No. 10/859,661, filed Jun. 2, 2004”.
Zovato et al., “Towards Emotional Speech Synthesis: A Rule based Approach”, Proceedings of 5th ISCA Speech Synthesis Workshop—Pittsburgh, 2004, pp. 219-220.
Zue et al., “Jupiter: A Telephone-Based Conversational Interface for Weather Information”, IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, Jan. 2000, 13 pages.
International Search Report and Written Opinion received for PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US17/49775, dated Dec. 27, 2017, 14 pages.
Certification of Examination received for Australian Patent Application No. 2017101191, dated Feb. 20, 2018, 2 pages.
Office Action received for Australian Patent Application No. 2017101191, dated Nov. 10, 2017, 6 pages.
Office Action received for Danish Patent Application No. PA201770641, dated Mar. 8, 2018, 3 pages.
Office Action received for Danish Patent Application No. PA201770641, dated Oct. 25, 2017, 9 pages.
Related Publications (1)
Number Date Country
20180090143 A1 Mar 2018 US
Provisional Applications (1)
Number Date Country
62399232 Sep 2016 US