Patent Application
20250043644
This application claims the priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 of Chinese Application No. 202310960618.1, filed Aug. 1, 2023, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.
This invention relates to the field of oil and natural gas development, specifically to an intelligent water detection tool for horizontal wells.
In petroleum and natural gas engineering, horizontal wells are a common development method for low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs. After being put into production, horizontal wells often experience water production and increasing water cut, which can easily lead to water breakthrough and flooding, greatly affecting the well's productivity. Timely understanding of water production in horizontal wells, quickly locating water entry points or water-producing intervals, and effectively sealing off these points based on this information are important technical means to ensure productivity during horizontal well development.
Traditional water detection techniques such as horizontal well production profile testing, distributed fiber optic production profile testing, dynamic monitoring water detection, and segmented production water detection testing have drawbacks such as low detection accuracy, long downhole operation cycles, low efficiency, and complex tubing string tripping processes. Chinese patent application CN 116291399 A discloses “A gas lift liquid discharge testing and water detection operation system and method for non-flowing oil horizontal wells,” which requires a surface gas source for gas lift and relies on coiled tubing operations to work, still facing issues of complex operation processes and low water detection efficiency.
Additionally, existing technology has disclosed the use of downhole crawlers carrying water detection instruments into the well, slowly crawling through the horizontal section for water detection. However, this approach: (1) has high friction during crawling, requiring large power output to meet crawling needs, resulting in complex and bulky downhole string structures; (2) is prone to obstruction during crawling, leading to low operation success rates; (3) can easily cause irreversible damage to the casing wall; (4) has insufficient endurance, limiting the length of the horizontal section that can be inspected in a single run.
In summary, the existing horizontal well water detection technologies still have room for improvement.
The present invention provides an intelligent water detection tool for horizontal wells, using a completely different technical approach from the existing technologies to achieve floating-diving style water detection operations in a horizontal well section, aiming to reduce tool friction and facilitate easy passage through the horizontal well section.
This invention is realized through the following technical solution:
An intelligent water detection tool for horizontal wells, including a water detection instrument, also comprising a floating-diving component for driving the movement of said water detection instrument, a buoyancy device connected to said water detection instrument, and a buoyancy adjustment component for adjusting the water displacement volume of said buoyancy device.
In order to address the issues in existing technologies where horizontal well water detection operations require complex and cumbersome downhole operations, or need downhole crawlers to drag instruments, this application provides for the first time an intelligent water detection tool for horizontal wells. The water detection instrument uses existing instruments in the field and is not limited here. In the present invention, the floating-diving component provides power for the entire water detection tool to move within the well. Those skilled in the art should understand that this movement refers to axial movement along the wellbore trajectory. The buoyancy device provides buoyancy for the entire water detection tool, allowing the water detection tool to float in the horizontal well section after reaching the horizontal well section.
Considering that this tool needs to rely on gravity to reach the horizontal well section during operation, and that well fluid density varies in different well conditions, this application specifically includes a buoyancy adjustment component, so as to ensure that the tool passes through the vertical well section smoothly and floats stably in the horizontal well section. The buoyancy adjustment component is used to adjust the water displacement volume of the buoyancy device, thereby adjusting the buoyancy force experienced by the buoyancy device in the well. This ensures that the water detection tool can smoothly enter the well in a low buoyancy state and flexibly adjust its buoyancy to enter a floating state after reaching the horizontal section, based on specific vertical depth and well fluid density conditions. After entering a floating state, the water detection tool can be driven to move as a whole within the horizontal section by the floating-diving component, thereby completing the horizontal well water detection operation by using the water detection instrument carried thereon.
It can be seen that this application adopts a completely different technical approach from existing technologies, and abandons the traditional operation method of relying on downhole crawlers for towing. It avoids direct contact and friction between the tool and the well wall, eliminating the need for large power equipment, which can significantly reduce the structural complexity of the downhole string and is conducive to the miniaturization of water detection tools. Moreover, since the tool does not directly contact the well wall, it can significantly reduce damage to the downhole pipes from collisions. Additionally, as this application moves in a floating-diving manner, it can more easily pass through obstruction points encountered in traditional operations, such as casing/screen joint locations or deformed sections of casing/screen in the horizontal section. This greatly reduces the risk of obstruction for the water detection instrument, significantly improving operation success rates and downhole safety.
The floating-diving component in this application can adopt any existing underwater floating-diving equipment's movement method to achieve its function, such as using the underwater movement methods of submarines, underwater robots, or torpedoes. It only needs to meet the requirements of working in high-temperature, high-pressure, and two-phase or three-phase mixed flow conditions in the well.
The specific number of buoyancy devices in this application, as well as their specific installation positions within the water detection tool, and the relative positions between each buoyancy device and the water detection instrument are not limited here. In practical operations, these can be adaptively set according to specific application conditions, as long as they meet the requirement of providing controllable buoyancy of the needed magnitude.
Furthermore, the intelligent water detection tool for horizontal wells also includes a shell; the floating-diving component includes propeller blades located inside the shell, a first power source for driving the rotation of said propeller blades, and the area where the propeller blades are located is connected to the outside of the shell.
With propeller blades set inside the shell, driven by the first power source to rotate forward or backward, thrust for forward or backward movement can be provided to the water detection tool, thus stably achieving the floating-diving motion of this application in the horizontal section. The area inside the shell where the propeller blades are located needs to be connected to the outside of the shell, so that after this tool enters the well, well fluids can enter the area where the propeller blades are located inside the shell, providing the necessary thrust when the blades rotate, enabling the floating-diving motion of this application to utilize well fluids. Additionally, the driving of the propeller blades by the first power source can be achieved through any existing drive and transmission methods, as long as they meet the requirements for forward and reverse rotation of the blades.
Furthermore, the buoyancy device includes a bag located inside the shell, the area where the bag is located is connected to the outside of the shell, and the bag is filled with hydraulic oil.
The buoyancy device in this solution includes a bag filled with hydraulic oil, located inside the shell to reduce the risk of being punctured downhole; the area inside the shell where the bag is located needs to be connected to the outside of the shell, so that after this tool enters the well, well fluids can enter the area where the bag is located inside the shell, providing the necessary buoyancy for the bag, allowing the tool as a whole to be in a suspended state through the bag's buoyancy. In this solution, the buoyancy adjustment component only needs to adjust the volume of hydraulic oil entering the bag to change the expansion size of the bag, thereby achieving adjustment of the bag's water displacement and buoyancy.
Furthermore, the buoyancy adjustment component includes an oil cylinder connected to the bag, a piston located inside the oil cylinder, and a second power source for driving the piston to move within the oil cylinder.
In this solution, by controlling the position of the piston inside the oil cylinder with the second power source, the amount of hydraulic oil entering the bag can be adjusted, thereby changing the expansion size of the bag to alter its volume. The bag is preferably made of materials with good toughness and strong deformation capabilities.
Furthermore, the buoyancy adjustment component also includes a sensing ring installed on the surface of the shell, multiple first sensors evenly distributed on the sensing ring, and a control module signal-connected to the first sensors; the first sensors are used to sense the well wall, and the control module is used to control the second power source.
This solution uses multiple first sensors to sense the well wall in different circumferential directions. The sensing method of the first sensors for the well wall can adopt indirect sensing methods such as infrared, laser, or ultrasonic distance measurements, or direct sensing methods such as contact sensing or pressure sensing to monitor whether the well wall has been contacted.
When the upper first sensors detect that they are too close to or have already contacted the well wall, it indicates that the buoyancy of the water detection tool is too high. At this time, the control module can control the second power source to appropriately reduce the oil volume in the bag. Conversely, when the lower first sensors detect that they are too close to or have already contacted the well wall, it indicates that the buoyancy of the water detection tool is too low. At this time, the control module can control the second power source to appropriately increase the oil volume in the bag. Therefore, this solution helps ensure the vertical centering of the water detection tool during floating-diving in the well, further reducing the risk of obstruction.
Furthermore, it includes a second sensor for sensing the circumferential posture of the intelligent water detection tool for horizontal wells, with the second sensor signal-connected to the control module.
During the research process, the inventors of this application found that although the water detection tool moves in the well by floating-diving, its circumferential posture during movement cannot remain unchanged. Affected by specific wellbore structures and different completion methods, the water detection tool may rotate during floating-diving in the well, manifesting as changes in the tool's circumferential posture. Once the tool rotates, it becomes difficult for the control module to distinguish which first sensors are on top and which are on the bottom, making it impossible to effectively control the tool's vertical centering. To overcome this problem, this solution also sets up a second sensor to sense the circumferential posture of the water detection tool, allowing the control module to track the tool's rotational changes in real-time, make real-time corrections to the tool's vertical direction, and use this as a basis to judge the sensing signals of each first sensor, ensuring effective control of the tool's vertical centering. Here, the circumferential posture of the water detection tool refers to the state of the tool's overall circumferential rotation in the well, i.e., which end is facing up and which end is facing down.
The sensing and judgment of the tool's circumferential posture by the second sensor can adopt any existing sensing method that can be implemented by those skilled in the art. Preferably, the sensing and judgment of the tool's circumferential posture by the second sensor can be achieved based on stable external environmental indicators, such as sensing the direction of gravity or the direction of the geomagnetic field.
Furthermore, it includes an anchoring sub that is coaxial with the shell and can be detachably connected, and a third power source for driving the anchoring sub to anchor in the well; the anchoring sub has a cable connection head.
This solution connects the anchoring sub between the shell and the cable, with the cable connection head used to connect the cable, thus facilitating the lowering of the water detection tool into the well using cable operations. During the lowering process, the anchoring sub remains connected to the water detection tool. After the tool reaches the horizontal section, the third power source drives the anchoring sub to activate and anchor itself in the well. Then, the shell separates from the anchoring sub, and the floating-diving component drives the shell to float-dive in the horizontal section for water detection operations, while the anchoring sub remains in its current position. After the water detection operation is completed, the shell is reconnected with the anchoring sub, and the cable is retrieved at the wellhead, thus completing the recovery of the water detection tool.
The detachable connection method between the anchoring sub and the shell is not limited here; any existing detachable connection methods in the field that can achieve downhole docking and separation are applicable. Additionally, the specific anchoring method of the anchoring sub is also not limited here; common temporary downhole anchoring structures in the field such as slips, hangers, or packers are all applicable.
Furthermore, it includes a first docking part set on the anchoring sub, a second docking part connected to the shell, a coupling mechanism for engaging and disengaging the first docking part and the second docking part, and an orientation mechanism for rotating the first docking part.
In this solution, the detachable connection between the anchoring sub and the shell is achieved through the coupling mechanism connecting the first docking part and the second docking part. Specifically, during the well entry process, the coupling mechanism maintains an effective connection between the first docking part and the second docking part, allowing the anchoring sub and shell to enter the well together. When the water detection tool reaches the horizontal section and the anchoring sub completes anchoring, the coupling mechanism activates, separating the first docking part from the second docking part for subsequent water detection operations. After the water detection operation is completed, the floating-diving component drives the shell back to a position near the anchoring sub, and the coupling mechanism is reactivated to re-engage the first docking part with the second docking part.
Similarly, considering that the water detection tool may rotate during the floating-diving process in the well, this solution specifically includes an orientation mechanism for rotating the first docking part. Before re-engaging the first docking part with the second docking part, the orientation mechanism can be used to rotate the first docking part, adjusting the relative circumferential position of the first docking part to the second docking part, placing them in a position favorable for docking, thereby significantly increasing the success rate of docking.
The coupling mechanism in this solution can be implemented using any existing coupling technology, as long as it connects the first docking part and the second docking part when docking is needed, and separates them when disengagement is required. Examples include clutch structures from automotive transmissions, spacecraft docking and separation structures, or direct use of electromagnetic clutches. Additionally, this coupling mechanism can be implemented using existing downhole docking methods in the field, such as electromagnetically controlled strong magnetic docking and separation methods, fishing jar methods, or mechanical grappling methods.
Furthermore, it includes a battery set inside the shell, a wireless charging transmitter module set on the first docking part, and a wireless charging receiver module set on the second docking part; the wireless charging receiver module is electrically connected to the battery; when the first docking part and the second docking part are docked, the wireless charging transmitter module and wireless charging receiver module are electrically connected.
The battery inside the shell can be used to power various electrical devices within the shell. This solution sets up a wireless charging transmitter module on the first docking part and a wireless charging receiver module on the second docking part, enabling battery charging to overcome the limitation of insufficient endurance in existing technologies. Specifically, during the well entry process of this application's water detection tool, since it is lowered by cable, power can be directly supplied by the cable, allowing the battery to be charged during the well entry process. This overcomes the limitation of needing to fully charge the tool at the wellhead before lowering, significantly saving operation time. Additionally, if the battery power is insufficient during the water detection process, the floating-diving component can drive the shell back to the anchoring sub's position to re-dock, completing battery charging downhole without needing to retrieve the tool. This eliminates the need for tripping the string during the water detection process, significantly improving water detection operation efficiency and ensuring that the entire horizontal section can be inspected in a single well entry.
Furthermore, it includes a third sensor set on either the first docking part or the second docking part; the third sensor is used to obtain the distance and/or posture of the second docking part or the first docking part when the first docking part and the second docking part are docking.
This solution uses the third sensor for positioning judgment during the docking of the first docking part and the second docking part, determining whether the relative distance and orientation between the first docking part and the second docking part meet docking conditions. If docking conditions are not met, the floating-diving component can adjust the relative distance, and the orientation mechanism can adjust the relative orientation. Once docking conditions are met, the coupling mechanism is activated for docking.
When the third sensor is set on the first docking part, it is used to obtain the distance and/or posture of the second docking part; when set on the second docking part, it obtains the distance and/or posture of the first docking part. In this solution, posture refers to the circumferential state of the first docking part or second docking part in the well, i.e., which end is facing up and which is facing down.
The specific sensing method of the third sensor can be implemented using existing distance and/or posture sensing technologies, such as infrared sensing, laser sensing, radar sensing, radio frequency identification, or image recognition.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. This intelligent water detection tool for horizontal wells adopts a completely different technical approach from existing technologies, abandoning the traditional operation method of relying on downhole crawlers for towing. It avoids direct contact and friction between the tool and the well wall, eliminating the need for large power equipment, which can significantly reduce the structural complexity of the downhole string and is conducive to the miniaturization of water detection tools. It also significantly reduces damage to downhole pipes from collisions.
2. This intelligent water detection tool for horizontal wells moves in a floating-diving manner in the horizontal section, making it easier to pass through obstruction points encountered in traditional water detection operations, greatly reducing the risk of obstruction for the water detection instrument, and significantly improving operation success rates and downhole safety.
3. This intelligent water detection tool for horizontal wells can provide forward or backward thrust for the water detection tool by controlling the forward or reverse rotation of the propeller blades, stably achieving floating-diving in the horizontal section.
4. This intelligent water detection tool for horizontal wells flexibly adjusts buoyancy magnitude through the buoyancy adjustment component, ensuring the tool can stably enter the well and reach the horizontal section, while maintaining good longitudinal centering during floating-diving in the horizontal section.
5. This intelligent water detection tool for horizontal wells ensures stable and reliable lowering into and retrieval from the well through the anchoring sub.
6. This intelligent water detection tool for horizontal wells improves the success rate of docking in the well through the orientation mechanism.
7. This intelligent water detection tool for horizontal wells can achieve automatic charging in the well, eliminating the need for tripping the string for charging during the water detection process, significantly improving water detection operation efficiency, and ensuring that the entire horizontal section can be inspected in a single well entry.
The drawings described here are used to provide further understanding of the embodiments of this invention, forming part of this application, and do not constitute limitations on the embodiments of this invention. In the drawings:
To make the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of this invention clearer and more understandable, the following provides a more detailed description of this invention in combination with embodiments and drawings. The illustrative embodiments and their descriptions are only used to explain this invention and should not be construed as limitations on this invention.
As shown in
In this embodiment, the propeller blades 3 are a screw propeller, and the first power source 4 is an electric motor, with the output end of the motor connected to the screw propeller through a coupling 17.
As shown in
In this embodiment, a buoyancy device 2 is set at each end of the water detection instrument, and each buoyancy device 2 is equipped with a buoyancy adjustment component, which is conducive to controlling the overall posture of the water detection tool. Moreover, since the horizontal section of horizontal wells is rarely completely horizontal in engineering practice, with the well inclination generally fluctuating within the range of 90°+5°, this embodiment can match the posture of the water detection tool with the well inclination of the horizontal section through independent control of at least two buoyancy devices 2 at the front and rear, thereby further facilitating the stable floating-diving of the water detection tool in the well.
Additionally, the shell 1 in this embodiment can be a one-piece structure, or it can adopt a multi-segment split or detachable connection structure according to different sub-division situations of the water detection tool.
The working process of this embodiment includes:
An intelligent water detection tool for horizontal wells, based on Embodiment 1, as shown in
The buoyancy adjustment component includes an oil cylinder 6 connected to the bag 5, a piston 7 located inside the oil cylinder 6, and a second power source 8 for driving the piston 7 to move within the oil cylinder 6.
The buoyancy adjustment component also includes a sensing ring 9 installed on the surface of the shell 1, multiple first sensors 10 evenly distributed on the sensing ring 9, and a control module signal-connected to the first sensors 10; the first sensors 10 are used to sense the well wall, and the control module is used to control the second power source 8.
In this embodiment, the bag 5 is made of materials with good deformation capabilities; preferably, a rubber oil bag is used, which is installed and positioned by a bag seat 18 fixed inside the shell 1.
In this embodiment, a third chamber 104 is set inside the shell 1, with the third chamber 104 corresponding one-to-one with the bag 5, each bag 5 is located in its corresponding third chamber 104; at least one sensing ring 9 is installed on the outside of each third chamber 104. Several through holes 105 are made on the surface of the shell 1 to connect the inside and outside of the third chamber 104.
In this embodiment, the second power source 8 uses a linear actuator or linear motor to drive the piston 7 in linear reciprocating motion; the first sensors 10 are preferably distance sensors.
It also includes a second sensor for sensing the circumferential posture of the intelligent water detection tool for horizontal wells, with the second sensor signal-connected to the control module. The second sensor preferably uses a gravity acceleration sensor to obtain the circumferential posture of the water detection tool by sensing the direction of gravity. The second sensor can be fixedly installed at any position inside or outside the shell.
When the water detection tool is floating-diving and advancing in the horizontal section for water detection operations, it continuously monitors the vertical centering at the position of each sensing ring 9:
This embodiment determines vertical centering through the following method:
In a more preferred embodiment, a guide head is set at the bottom of the water detection tool, with the control module installed inside the guide head; the control module can use controllers such as PLCs.
In a more preferred embodiment, the piston 7 can use a multi-stage cylinder sleeve configuration to increase the adjustment capability of the bag 5 volume while avoiding excessive length of the buoyancy adjustment component; as shown in the three-stage cylinder sleeve structure in
An intelligent water detection tool for horizontal wells, based on Embodiment 1 or 2, as shown in
In this embodiment, the detachable connection between the shell 1 and the anchoring sub 11 is achieved through a first docking part 19 and a second docking part 20: the first docking part 19 is set at the bottom end of the anchoring sub 11, and the second docking part 20 is set at the top end of the shell 1; here, the bottom end and top end refer to the direction towards the bottom of the well and towards the wellhead, respectively, when the tool is in the well. It also includes a coupling mechanism for engaging and disengaging the first docking part 19 and the second docking part 20, and an orientation mechanism for rotating the first docking part 19.
The first docking part 19 is rotatably connected to the anchoring sub 11 to ensure that when the first docking part rotates relative to the second docking part, it does not affect the stable anchoring of the anchoring sub.
It also includes a battery 14 set inside the shell 1, a wireless charging transmitter module 15 set on the first docking part, and a wireless charging receiver module 16 set on the second docking part; the wireless charging receiver module 16 is electrically connected to the battery 14; when the first docking part and the second docking part are docked, the wireless charging transmitter module 15 and wireless charging receiver module 16 are electrically connected. This battery is used to power various electrical devices inside the shell, and when the first docking part and second docking part are docked, the battery can be charged through the cable.
As shown in
In this embodiment, the anchoring blocks 23 are rubber blocks with rough outer surfaces; the third power source 12 in this embodiment is an electric motor, with its output end achieving radial drive of each anchoring block 23 through a transmission mechanism.
Preferably, the above transmission mechanism is composed of bevel gears and/or lead screws.
As shown in
This embodiment also includes a third sensor set on the first docking part; the third sensor is used to obtain the distance and posture of the second docking part when the first docking part and the second docking part are docking.
Preferably, the third sensor uses a laser radar sensor or ultrasonic sensor, which obtains the distance and posture of the second docking part by determining the distance and circumferential position of the point on the second docking part closest to the first docking part.
The coupling mechanism in this embodiment can be implemented using existing coupling technologies, such as clutch structures from automotive transmissions, spacecraft docking and separation structures, electromagnetic clutches, electromagnetically controlled strong magnetic coupling and separation, downhole fishing jar and fishing tool combinations, or mechanical grappling and release methods.
The method for lowering the water detection tool to the horizontal section in this embodiment specifically includes:
During the process of releasing the cable in this embodiment, the battery is charged through the cable; during the floating-diving process of the water detection tool in the horizontal section, when the battery power is lower than a set threshold, the water detection tool is made to float-dive back to the anchoring sub's position, re-dock with the anchoring sub through the coupling mechanism, and then charge the battery through the cable.
Preferably, after the water detection tool is lowered to the predetermined depth in the horizontal section, first determine if the battery is fully charged: if not yet fully charged, maintain the docking of the water detection tool with the anchoring sub until the battery is fully charged, then separate the water detection tool from the anchoring sub.
Additionally, during the floating-diving process, use the following method to determine if the battery power is below the set threshold:
If the remaining power <α× the aforementioned minimum power, it is determined that the battery power is below the set threshold, at which point the water detection instrument should be immediately shut off and the water detection tool should return to the anchoring sub for charging; where α is a coefficient greater than 1;
Furthermore, after the water detection operation is completed in this embodiment, make the water detection tool float-dive back to the anchoring sub's position, re-dock with the anchoring sub through the coupling mechanism, and then the tool can be retrieved from the well using the cable.
An intelligent water detection tool for horizontal wells, based on Embodiment 3, this embodiment designs a coupling mechanism specifically for this application, which can achieve rapid disengagement and stable docking of the first docking part 19 and the second docking part 20. Specifically:
As shown in
When this embodiment is in operation, the first docking part 19 and the second docking part 20 enter the well in a mutually docked state. At this time, as shown in
When it is necessary to separate the first docking part 19 and the second docking part 20 through the coupling mechanism of this embodiment, the fifth power source 27 and the sixth power source 32 are activated, causing the first positioning wheel 29 to rotate, driving the first engaging member 30 to rotate in the direction of disengaging from the second engaging slot 38, while simultaneously causing the second positioning wheel 34 to rotate, driving the second engaging member 35 to rotate in the direction of disengaging from the first engaging slot 37, until the first engaging member 30 completely disengages from the constraint of the second engaging slot 38 and the second engaging member 35 completely disengages from the constraint of the first engaging slot 37. At this point, the coupling mechanism is in the state shown in
Preferably, before docking using the coupling mechanism of this embodiment, first adjust the water detection tool to a centered state using the buoyancy adjustment component, then obtain the distance of the second docking part using the third sensor and control the floating-diving component to fine-tune this distance. After the distance meets the docking conditions, obtain the posture of the second docking part, and then use the fourth power source 24 to rotate the first docking part 19 to a state that matches the posture of the second docking part 20 and is conducive to docking.
It should be noted that
In the state shown in
In a more preferred embodiment, as shown in
In a more preferred embodiment, there is a gap between the first positioning wheel 29 and the first mounting plate 25, and a gap between the second positioning wheel 34 and the second mounting plate 26.
In a more preferred embodiment, when the coupling mechanism is docked, the first elastic member 31 is used to make the first engaging member 30 firmly abut against the inside of the second engaging slot 38, and the second elastic member 36 is used to make the second engaging member 35 firmly abut against the inside of the first engaging slot 37, preventing the coupling mechanism from automatically disengaging.
In a more preferred embodiment, both the fifth power source 27 and the sixth power source 32 use linear actuators such as electric push rods to achieve their function. The linear actuators are installed on their respective mounting plates, with their output ends hinged to the corresponding positioning wheels.
In a more preferred embodiment, when docking the coupling mechanism, the third sensor can sense the distance and posture of the second engaging member 35 using laser radar or ultrasound.
The specific embodiments described above provide further detailed explanations of the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of this invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.
It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as “first” and “second” are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms “include,” “contain” or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device that includes a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. Furthermore, the term “connected” used in this document, unless otherwise specified, can mean directly connected or indirectly connected through other components.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023109606181 | Aug 2023 | CN | national |
