Patent Grant
11601721
The present disclosure relates generally to audiovisual presentations and, more particularly, to systems and methods for dynamically adapting the presentation of interactive videos based on user profiles.
Over the past decade there has been exponential growth in the prevalence of digital streaming media. Users frequently consume streaming media on their devices through streaming music services, video providers, social networks, and other media providers. Interactive streaming multimedia content, though less common, is also available. Existing forms of interactive videos allow a viewer to make choices on how to proceed through predefined video paths; however, this functionality is accomplished using separate video segments that are quickly transitioned to upon selection, resulting in a noticeable disconnect in audio and video between consecutive segments. Further still, such transitions rely on independent user or random selections, and there is no dynamic adaptation of the interactive video based on such selections.
In one aspect, a computer-implemented method comprises the steps of: receiving a first video tree representing a first interactive video, the first video tree defining a plurality of branches in the first interactive video, each branch comprising one or more video segments; tracking information comprising at least one of (i) content of video segments played during presentation of the first interactive video and (ii) decisions of a user made during the presentation of the first interactive video, the decisions being associated with a plurality of branching points in the first interactive video; generating a profile for the user based at least in part on the tracked information, wherein the profile comprises a plurality of measured attributes relating to the user; receiving a second video tree representing a second interactive video, the second video tree defining a plurality of branches in the second interactive video, each branch comprising one or more video segments; and dynamically modifying presentation of the second interactive video based at least in part on the profile. Other aspects of the foregoing include corresponding systems and computer programs on non-transitory storage media.
The presentation of the second interactive video can include a presentation of the first interactive video at a later time. Each branch of a plurality of branches sourcing from a first one of the branching points in the first interactive video can have associated at least one attribute modifier, wherein each attribute modifier defines how a value of one of the measured attributes is modified upon the branch being selected during playback of the first interactive video. Generating the profile can include: determining that a particular tracked decision of the user resulted in a selection of a first one of the branches sourcing from the first branching point; and increasing or decreasing a value of at least one of the measured attributes based on the at least one attribute modifier associated with the first one of the branches. Generating the profile can also include associating or disassociating one or more tags with the user based on one of the tracked decisions. The profile can further be generated based on known data regarding the user, the known data comprising a location, a demographic attribute, or a social media account name.
Each of the measured attributes can include an attribute defining a characteristic of the user and an attribute defining a mood or emotional state of the user. Each measured attribute can include a value in a range having an upper bound value indicating that a user is maximally associated with the attribute and a lower bound value indicating that a user is minimally associated with the attribute. An initial value of each measured attribute can include a neutral value.
In one implementation, dynamically modifying presentation of the second interactive video comprises: identifying a branching point in the second video tree, wherein a plurality of branches source from the identified branching point; selecting a subset of the branches sourcing from the identified branch point based on one or more of the measured attributes in the profile; and during presentation of the second interactive video, upon the user reaching the identified branching point, providing to the user one or more options that correspond with the selected subset of branches, and not providing to the user options that correspond with branches sourcing from the identified branching point that are not included in the selected subset of branches.
In another implementation, dynamically modifying presentation of the second interactive video comprises: identifying a branching point in the second video tree, wherein a plurality of branches source from the identified branching point; and during presentation of the second interactive video, upon the user reaching the identified branching point, automatically selecting one of the branches sourcing from the identified branching point based on one or more of the measured attributes in the profile.
In another aspect, a computer-implemented method comprises the steps of: receiving a video tree representing an interactive video, the video tree defining a plurality of branches in the interactive video, each branch comprising one or more video segments; tracking information comprising at least one of (i) content of video segments played during presentation of the interactive video and/or videos previously played to a user and (ii) decisions of the user made during the presentation of the interactive video and/or the videos previously played to the user; generating a profile for the user based at least in part on the tracked information, wherein the profile comprises one or measured attributes relating to a mood or emotional state of the user; and dynamically modifying the presentation of the interactive video upon determining that a mood or emotional state event has occurred based at least in part on the measured attributes in the user profile. Other aspects of the foregoing include corresponding systems and computer programs on non-transitory storage media.
In one implementation, dynamically modifying the presentation of the interactive video upon determining that a mood or emotional state event has occurred comprises determining that one or more of the measured attributes has reached a respective mood or emotional state threshold, and, in response thereto: (i) selecting video content based on which mood or emotional state thresholds have been reached by the one or more measured attributes; and (ii) presenting the selected video content to the user.
In another implementation, dynamically modifying the presentation of the interactive video upon determining that a mood or emotional state event has occurred comprises determining that one or more of the measured attributes falls within a respective mood or emotional state range, and, in response thereto: (i) selecting video content based on which mood or emotional state ranges include the one or more measured attributes; and (ii) presenting the selected video content to the user.
In a further implementation, dynamically modifying the presentation of the interactive video upon determining that a mood or emotional state event has occurred comprises determining that a change in one or more of the measured attributes exceeds a threshold, and, in response thereto: (i) selecting video content based on which of the one or more measured attributes has a change that exceeds the threshold; and (ii) presenting the selected video content to the user.
In yet another implementation, dynamically modifying the presentation of the interactive video upon determining that a mood or emotional state event has occurred comprises determining that one or more of the measured attributes exhibits a trend, and, in response thereto: (i) selecting video content based on which of the one or more measured attributes exhibits the trend; and (ii) presenting the selected video content to the user.
Further aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following drawings, detailed description, and claims, all of which illustrate the principles of the invention, by way of example only.
A more complete appreciation of the invention and many attendant advantages thereof will be readily obtained as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference characters generally refer to the same parts throughout the different views. Further, the drawings are not necessarily to scale, with emphasis instead generally being placed upon illustrating the principles of the invention.
Described herein are various implementations of methods and supporting systems for profiling user behavior during presentation of an interactive video and dynamically modifying presentation of that video or other interactive videos based on the profiled behavior.
The application 112 can be a video player and/or editor that is implemented as a native application, web application, or other form of software. In some implementations, the application 112 is in the form of a web page, widget, and/or Java, JavaScript, .Net, Silverlight, Flash, and/or other applet or plug-in that is downloaded to the user device 110 and runs in conjunction with a web browser. The application 112 and the web browser can be part of a single client-server interface; for example, the application 112 can be implemented as a plugin to the web browser or to another framework or operating system. Any other suitable client software architecture, including but not limited to widget frameworks and applet technology, can also be employed.
Media content can be provided to the user device 110 by content server 102, which can be a web server, media server, a node in a content delivery network, or other content source. In some implementations, the application 112 (or a portion thereof) is provided by application server 106. For example, some or all of the described functionality of the application 112 can be implemented in software downloaded to or existing on the user device 110 and, in some instances, some or all of the functionality exists remotely. For example, certain video encoding and processing functions can be performed on one or more remote servers, such as application server 106. In some implementations, the user device 110 serves only to provide output and input functionality, with the remainder of the processes being performed remotely.
The user device 110, content server 102, application server 106, and/or other devices and servers can communicate with each other through communications network 114. The communication can take place via any media such as standard telephone lines, LAN or WAN links (e.g., T1, T3, 56 kb, X.25), broadband connections (ISDN, Frame Relay, ATM), wireless links (802.11, Bluetooth, GSM, CDMA, etc.), and so on. The network 114 can carry TCP/IP protocol communications and HTTP/HTTPS requests made by a web browser, and the connection between clients and servers can be communicated over such TCP/IP networks. The type of network is not a limitation, however, and any suitable network can be used.
More generally, the techniques described herein can be implemented in any suitable hardware or software. If implemented as software, the processes can execute on a system capable of running one or more custom operating systems or commercial operating systems such as the Microsoft Windows® operating systems, the Apple OS X® operating systems, the Apple iOS® platform, the Google Android™ platform, the Linux® operating system and other variants of UNIX® operating systems, and the like. The software can be implemented a computer including a processing unit, a system memory, and a system bus that couples various system components including the system memory to the processing unit.
The system can include a plurality of software modules stored in a memory and executed on one or more processors. The modules can be in the form of a suitable programming language, which is converted to machine language or object code to allow the processor or processors to read the instructions. The software can be in the form of a standalone application, implemented in any suitable programming language or framework.
Method steps of the techniques described herein can be performed by one or more programmable processors executing a computer program to perform functions of the invention by operating on input data and generating output. Method steps can also be performed by, and apparatus of the invention can be implemented as, special purpose logic circuitry, e.g., an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit). Modules can refer to portions of the computer program and/or the processor/special circuitry that implements that functionality.
Processors suitable for the execution of a computer program include, by way of example, both general and special purpose microprocessors, and any one or more processors of any kind of digital computer. Generally, a processor will receive instructions and data from a read-only memory or a random access memory or both. The essential elements of a computer are a processor for executing instructions and one or more memory devices for storing instructions and data. Information carriers suitable for embodying computer program instructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory, including by way of example semiconductor memory devices, e.g., EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices; magnetic disks, e.g., internal hard disks or removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks. One or more memories can store media assets (e.g., audio, video, graphics, interface elements, and/or other media files), configuration files, and/or instructions that, when executed by a processor, form the modules, engines, and other components described herein and perform the functionality associated with the components. The processor and the memory can be supplemented by, or incorporated in special purpose logic circuitry.
It should also be noted that the present implementations can be provided as one or more computer-readable programs embodied on or in one or more articles of manufacture. The article of manufacture can be any suitable hardware apparatus, such as, for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a CD-ROM, a CD-RW, a CD-R, a DVD-ROM, a DVD-RW, a DVD-R, a flash memory card, a PROM, a RAM, a ROM, or a magnetic tape. In general, the computer-readable programs can be implemented in any programming language. The software programs can be further translated into machine language or virtual machine instructions and stored in a program file in that form. The program file can then be stored on or in one or more of the articles of manufacture.
The media presentations referred to herein can be structured in various forms. For example, a particular media presentation can be an online streaming video having multiple tracks or streams that a user can switch among in real-time or near real-time. For example, a media presentation can be structured using parallel audio and/or video tracks as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/534,626, filed on Nov. 6, 2014, and entitled “Systems and Methods for Parallel Track Transitions,” the entirety of which is incorporated by reference herein. More specifically, a playing video file or stream can have one or more parallel tracks that can be switched among in real-time automatically and/or based on user interactions. In some implementations, such switches are made seamlessly and substantially instantaneously, such that the audio and/or video of the playing content can continue without any perceptible delays, gaps, or buffering. In further implementations, switches among tracks maintain temporal continuity; that is, the tracks can be synchronized to a common timeline so that there is continuity in audio and/or video content when switching from one track to another (e.g., the same song is played using different instruments on different audio tracks; same storyline performed by different characters on different video tracks, and the like).
Such media presentations can also include interactive video structured in a video tree, hierarchy, or other form. A video tree can be formed by nodes that are connected in a branching, hierarchical, or other linked form. Nodes can each have an associated video segment, audio segment, graphical user interface (GUI) elements, and/or other associated media. Users (e.g., viewers) can watch a video that begins from a starting node in the tree and proceeds along connected nodes in a branch or path. Upon reaching a point during playback of the video where multiple video segments (child nodes) branch off from a segment (parent node), the user can interactively select the branch or path to traverse and, thus, the next video segment to watch.
As referred to herein, a particular branch or path in an interactive media structure, such as a video tree, can refer to a set of consecutively linked nodes between a starting node and ending node, inclusively, or can refer to some or all possible linked nodes that are connected subsequent to (e.g., sub-branches) or that include a particular node. Branched video can include seamlessly assembled and selectably presentable multimedia content such as that described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/033,916, filed on Feb. 24, 2011, and entitled “System and Method for Seamless Multimedia Assembly” (the “Seamless Multimedia Assembly application”), and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/107,600, filed on Dec. 16, 2013, and entitled “Methods and Systems for Unfolding Video Pre-Roll,” the entireties of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
The prerecorded video segments in a video tree or other structure can be selectably presentable multimedia content; that is, some or all of the video segments in the video tree can be individually or collectively played for a user based upon the user's selection of a particular video segment, an interaction with a previous or playing video segment, or other interaction that results in a particular video segment or segments being played. The video segments can include, for example, one or more predefined, separate multimedia content segments that can be combined in various manners to create a continuous, seamless presentation such that there are no noticeable gaps, jumps, freezes, delays, or other visual or audible interruptions to video or audio playback between segments. In addition to the foregoing, “seamless” can refer to a continuous playback of content that gives the user the appearance of watching a single, linear multimedia presentation, as well as a continuous playback of multiple content segments that have smooth audio and/or video transitions (e.g., fadeout/fade-in, linking segments) between two or more of the segments.
In some instances, the user is permitted to make choices or otherwise interact in real-time at decision points or during decision periods interspersed throughout the multimedia content. Decision points and/or decision periods can occur at any time and in any number during a multimedia segment, including at or near the beginning and/or the end of the segment. Decision points and/or periods can be predefined, occurring at fixed points or during fixed periods in the multimedia content segments. Based at least in part on the user's choices made before or during playback of content, one or more subsequent multimedia segment(s) associated with the choices can be presented to the user. In some implementations, the subsequent segment is played immediately and automatically following the conclusion of the current segment, whereas in other implementations, the subsequent segment is played immediately upon the user's interaction with the video, without waiting for the end of the decision period or the end of the segment itself.
If a user does not make a selection at a decision point or during a decision period, a default, previously identified selection, or random selection can be made by the system. In some instances, the user is not provided with options; rather, the system automatically selects the segments that will be shown based on information that is associated with the user, other users, or other factors, such as the current date. For example, the system can automatically select subsequent segments based on the user's IP address, location, time zone, the weather in the user's location, social networking ID, saved selections, stored user profiles (as further described below), preferred products or services, and so on. The system can also automatically select segments based on previous selections made by other users, such as the most popular suggestion or shared selections. The information can also be displayed to the user in the video, e.g., to show the user why an automatic selection is made. As one example, video segments can be automatically selected for presentation based on the geographical location of three different users: a user in Canada will see a twenty-second beer commercial segment followed by an interview segment with a Canadian citizen; a user in the US will see the same beer commercial segment followed by an interview segment with a US citizen; and a user in France is shown only the beer commercial segment.
Multimedia segment(s) selected automatically or by a user can be presented immediately following a currently playing segment, or can be shown after other segments are played. Further, the selected multimedia segment(s) can be presented to the user immediately after selection, after a fixed or random delay, at the end of a decision period, and/or at the end of the currently playing segment. Two or more combined segments can form a seamless multimedia content path or branch, and users can take multiple paths over multiple play-throughs, and experience different complete, start-to-finish, seamless presentations. Further, one or more multimedia segments can be shared among intertwining paths while still ensuring a seamless transition from a previous segment and to the next segment. The content paths can be predefined, with fixed sets of possible transitions in order to ensure seamless transitions among segments. The content paths can also be partially or wholly undefined, such that, in some or all instances, the user can switch to any known video segment without limitation. There can be any number of predefined paths, each having any number of predefined multimedia segments. Some or all of the segments can have the same or different playback lengths, including segments branching from a single source segment.
Traversal of the nodes along a content path in a tree can be performed by selecting among options that appear on and/or around the video while the video is playing. In some implementations, these options are presented to users at a decision point and/or during a decision period in a content segment. Some or all of the displayed options can hover and then disappear when the decision period ends or when an option has been selected. Further, a timer, countdown or other visual, aural, or other sensory indicator can be presented during playback of content segment to inform the user of the point by which he should (or, in some cases, must) make his selection. For example, the countdown can indicate when the decision period will end, which can be at a different time than when the currently playing segment will end. If a decision period ends before the end of a particular segment, the remaining portion of the segment can serve as a non-interactive seamless transition to one or more other segments. Further, during this non-interactive end portion, the next multimedia content segment (and other potential next segments) can be downloaded and buffered in the background for later playback (or potential playback).
A segment that is played after (immediately after or otherwise) a currently playing segment can be determined based on an option selected or other interaction with the video. Each available option can result in a different video and audio segment being played. As previously mentioned, the transition to the next segment can occur immediately upon selection, at the end of the current segment, or at some other predefined or random point. Notably, the transition between content segments can be seamless. In other words, the audio and video continue playing regardless of whether a segment selection is made, and no noticeable gaps appear in audio or video playback between any connecting segments. In some instances, the video continues on to another segment after a certain amount of time if none is chosen, or can continue playing in a loop.
In one example, the multimedia content is a music video in which the user selects options upon reaching segment decision points to determine subsequent content to be played. First, a video introduction segment is played for the user. Prior to the end of the segment, a decision point is reached at which the user can select the next segment to be played from a listing of choices. In this case, the user is presented with a choice as to who will sing the first verse of the song: a tall, female performer, or a short, male performer. The user is given an amount of time to make a selection (i.e., a decision period), after which, if no selection is made, a default segment will be automatically selected. The default can be a predefined or random selection. Of note, the media content continues to play during the time the user is presented with the choices. Once a choice is selected (or the decision period ends), a seamless transition occurs to the next segment, meaning that the audio and video continue on to the next segment as if there were no break between the two segments and the user cannot visually or audibly detect the transition. As the music video continues, the user is presented with other choices at other decisions points, depending on which path of choices is followed. Ultimately, the user arrives at a final segment, having traversed a complete multimedia content path.
User Profile 210 can include information collected through a user's interaction with an interactive video and an interactive media player, as well as information obtained from other sources (e.g., detected location of user's device, information made available through a user's social media account, information provided by the user when creating an account with a provider of the interactive media player, and so on). Profile Manager 212 can use the information in User Profile 210 to cause the presentation of an interactive video to be dynamically modified, e.g., by adapting choices and content presented to the user to the user's previous or current behavior, or otherwise changing the presentation of the interactive video from its default state. For example, based on information in User Profile 210, Profile Manager 212 can direct Choice Manager 216 to select only a subset of choices (e.g., 2 of 3 choices) to provide to a viewer approaching a decision point, where Choice Manager 216 would otherwise provide a full set of choices (e.g., 3 of 3 choices) by default during presentation of the interactive video. Profile Manager 212 can also receive information from Inputs Collector 244 (this information can include, e.g., user interactions) and Choice Manager 216 (this information can include, e.g., a currently selected path in a video tree), which can be used to update User Profile 210.
Inputs Collector 244 receives user inputs 240 from input components such as a device display screen 272, keyboard, mouse, microphone, virtual reality headset, and the like. Such inputs 240 can include, for example, mouse clicks, keyboard presses, touchpad presses, eye movement, head movement, voice input, etc. Inputs Collector 244 provides input information based on the inputs 240 to Profile Manager 212 and Choice Manager 216, the latter of which also receives information from Profile Manager 212 as well as a Project Configuration File 230 to determine which video segment should be currently played and which video segments may be played or presented as options to be played at a later time (e.g., influenced by information from the User Profile 210). Choice Manager 216 notifies Video Appender 270 of the video segment to be currently played, and Video Appender 270 seamlessly connects that video segment to the video stream being played in real time. Choice Manager 216 notifies Loading Manager 262 of the video segments that may be played or presented as options to be played at a later time.
Project Configuration File 230 can include information defining the media presentation, such as the video tree or other structure, and how video segments can be linked together in various manners to form one or more paths. Project Configuration File 230 can further specify which audio, video, and/or other media files correspond to each segment (e.g., node in a video tree), that is, which audio, video, and/or other media should be retrieved when application 112 determines that a particular segment should be played. Additionally, Project Configuration File 230 can indicate interface elements that should be displayed or otherwise presented to users, as well as when the elements should be displayed, such that the audio, video, and interactive elements of the media presentation are synchronized. Project Configuration File 230 can be stored on user device 110 or can be remotely accessed by Choice Manager 216.
In some implementations, Project Configuration File 230 is also used in determining which media files should be loaded or buffered prior to being played (or potentially played). Because decision points can occur near the end of a segment, it may be necessary to begin transferring one or more of the potential next segments to viewers prior to a selection being made. For example, if a viewer is approaching a decision point with three possible branches, all three potential next segments can be preloaded partially or fully to ensure a smooth transition upon conclusion of the current segment. Intelligent buffering and progressive downloading of the video, audio, and/or other media content can be performed as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/437,164, filed Apr. 2, 2012, and entitled “Systems and Methods for Loading More Than One Video Content at a Time,” the entirety of which is incorporated by reference herein.
Using information in Project Configuration File 230, Choice Manager 216 can inform GUI Manager 254 of which interface elements should be displayed to viewers on screen 272. Project Configuration File 230 can further indicate the specific timings for which actions can be taken with respect to the interface elements (e.g., when a particular element is active and can be interacted with). The interface elements can include, for example, playback controls (pause, stop, play, seek, etc.), segment option selectors (e.g., buttons, images, text, animations, video thumbnails, and the like, that a viewer can interact with during decision periods, the selection of which results in a particular multimedia segment being seamlessly played following the conclusion of the current segment), timers (e.g., a clock or other graphical or textual countdown indicating the amount of time remaining to select an option or next segment, which, in some cases, can be the amount of time remaining until the current segment will transition to the next segment), links, popups, an index (e.g., for browsing and/or selecting other multimedia content to view or listen to), and/or a dynamic progress bar such as that described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/622,795, filed Sep. 19, 2012, and entitled “Progress Bar for Branched Videos,” the entirety of which is incorporated by reference herein. In addition to visual elements, sounds or other sensory elements can be presented. For example, a timer can have a “ticking” sound synchronized with the movement of a clock hand. The interactive interface elements can be shared among multimedia segments or can be unique to one or more of the segments.
In addition to reading information from Project Configuration File 230, Choice Manager 216 is notified of user interactions (e.g., mouse clicks, keyboard presses, touchpad presses, eye movements, etc.) from Inputs Collector 244, which interactions can be translated into actions associated with the playback of a media presentation (e.g., segment selections, playback controls, etc.). Based thereon, Choice Manager 216 notifies Loading Manager 262, which can process the actions as further described below. Choice Manager 216 can also interface with Loading Manager 262 and Video Appender 270. For example, Choice Manager 216 can listen for user interaction information from Inputs Collector 244 and notify Loading Manager 262 when an interaction by the viewer (e.g., a selection of an option displayed during the video) has occurred. In some implementations, based on its analysis of received events, Choice Manager 216 causes the presentation of various forms of sensory output, such as visual, aural, tactile, olfactory, and the like.
As earlier noted, Choice Manager 216 can also notify Loading Manager 262 of video segments that may be played at a later time, and Loading Manger 262 can retrieve the corresponding videos 225 (whether stored locally or on, e.g., content server 102) to have them prepared for potential playback through Video Appender 270. Choice Manager 216 and Loading Manager 262 can function to manage the downloading of hosted streaming media according to a loading logic. In one implementation, Choice Manager 216 receives information defining the media presentation structure from Project Configuration File 230 and, using information from Inputs Collector 244 and Profile Manager 212, determines which media segments to download and/or buffer (e.g., if the segments are remotely stored). For example, if Choice Manager 216 informs Loading Manager 262 that a particular segment A will or is likely to be played at an upcoming point in the presentation timeline, Loading Manager 262 can intelligently request the segment for download, as well as additional media segments X, Y and Z that can be played following segment A, in advance of playback or notification of potential playback thereof. The downloading can occur even if fewer than all of X, Y, Z will be played (e.g., if X, Y and Z are potential segment choices branching off segment A and only one will be selected for playback).
In some implementations, Loading Manager 262 ceases or cancels downloading of content segments or other media if it determines that it is no longer possible for a particular media content segment (or other content) to be presented on a currently traversed media path. Referring to the above example, a user interacts with the video presentation such that segment Y is determined to be the next segment that will be played. The interaction can be received by Choice Manager 216 and, based on its knowledge of the path structure of the video presentation, Loading Manager 262 is notified to stop active downloads or dequeue pending downloads of content segments no longer reachable now that segment Y has been selected.
Video Appender 270 receives media content from Loading Manager 262 and instructions from Choice Manager 216 on which media segments to include in a media presentation. Video Appender 270 can analyze and/or modify raw video or other media content, for example, to concatenate two separate media streams into a single timeline. Video Appender 270 can also insert cue points and other event markers, such as junction events, into media streams. Further, Video Appender 270 can form one or more streams of bytes from multiple video, audio or other media streams, and feed the formed streams to a video playback function such that there is seamless playback of the combined media content on display screen 272 (as well as through speakers for audio, for example).
In some implementations, application 112 tracks data regarding user interactions, users, and/or player devices, and provides the data to an analytics server. Collected analytics can include, but are not limited to: the number, type, and/or location of a device; user data, such as login information, name, address, age, sex, and the like; user interactions, such as button/touchpad presses, mouse clicks, mouse/touchpad movements, interaction timings, and the like; decisions made by users or automatically (e.g., content segment user choices or default selections); and content paths followed in the presentation content structure. The analytics can include those described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/034,645, entitled “System and Method for Data Mining within Interactive Multimedia,” and filed Feb. 24, 2011, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference herein. In one instance, some or all of these analytics are included in or used to inform attributes in User Profile 210.
In one implementation, user profile information (e.g., information included in User Profile 210) includes one or more attributes. The attributes can include measured attributes that each have an associated value. Values can be fixed once determined, or can vary based on ongoing measurements or other tracking of user behavior, interactions, and other user-related information. Attributes can take the form of one or more types, and a particular user profile can include only one type of attribute, only two types of attributes, or more. In one example, a user profile includes two types of measured attributes: characteristic attributes and mood attributes. Characteristic attributes include information that defines a characteristic or property of a user, and can be represented, for example, by an alphanumeric value, binary or Boolean value (e.g., 1/0, yes/no) a value in a range that, at one end, indicates that the characteristic minimally represents the user and, at the opposite end, indicates that the characteristics maximally represents the user, or by other form of measurement. For example, a characteristic attribute can define a range from 0 to 100%, which is indicative of how much the user is considered to have a creative personality (0=user has no indications of a creative personality, 50%=neutral, 100%=user has very high indications of a creative personality). Characteristic attributes can include “Techie,” “Foodie,” “Creative,” “Sports Fan,” “Age,” “Location,” and/or any other attribute defining a user characteristic or property. Mood attributes include information that defines a mood of a user at a point in time (e.g., while the user is watching an interactive video). Mood attributes can operate similarly to characteristic attributes in their definition (e.g., alphanumeric value, Boolean value, range, etc.) Mood attributes can include states such as “Angry,” “Hungry,” “Frustrated,” “Happy,” “In-Love,” and/or any other attribute defining a user's mood, feelings, or state of mind.
Referring now to
Measured attributes can also be represented as a sliding scale between two or more different characteristics, moods, or otherwise.
In some implementations, a “tag” can be used to represent an attribute of or information associated with a user. Tags can take many forms, as shown in
Attributes and, subsequently, a user profile can be updated in various manners. In one implementation, attributes are modified based on actions taken by a user during the presentation of an interactive video, such as interacting with content, selecting options, seeking to different parts of the video, making decisions that result in traversing different branches of a video tree, and so on. In some instances, one action can result in updating more than one attribute. Branching video presentations, such as those described herein, can have attribute updates associated with each possible decision that a user can make during the video (e.g., decisions that result in particular branches of the video being traversed as opposed to other branches). For example, each branch option can have associated metadata that specifies which attribute to update and how it should be updated when the branch option is selected.
Notably, a user profile can include attributes that are applicable to or otherwise have an effect on the presentation of only one interactive video, some interactive videos, or all interactive videos. For example, some mood attributes may be tracked only while the user is viewing an interactive video, in order to gauge the user's mood at that particular time, and will affect the presentation of only that interactive video (for example, using a technique described below). On the other hand, some characteristic attributes can be tracked and modified over one or more different videos, and can then affect how the presentation of those one or more different videos is dynamically modified, as described further below.
Based on or more attributes associated with a user viewing an interactive video, dynamic modifications can be made to how the video is presented to the user. For example, rather than giving a user options on how to proceed at a decision point, the system can automatically select a choice (and subsequent video segment to be played) based on attributes in the user's profile.
As another example, attributes in the user's profile can affect which choices are provided to the user. For example, a decision point in an interactive video may have by default five possible options that are presented to a user, but only a subset of these options are made available when certain conditions are met with respect to the user's attributes.
Referring still to
Visionary=3; Foodie=4; Risk Taker=4; Creative=6
Using these attributes and values in the user profile, the logic associated with each option is evaluated in order to determine whether to display the option. Because the “Visionary” attribute value is less than 4 and the “Foodie” attribute value is less than 5, the option corresponding to video segment B will be presented to the user during the interactive video. The option corresponding to video segment C is also presented, given that the values for both the “Risk Taker” and “Foodie” attributes exceeds 3. However, the video segment D option is not presented, because, although the “Creative” attribute value is greater than 3, the “Risk Taker” attribute is 4 (does not exceed 5). Accordingly, the logic evaluates to false, and option D is not made available to the user. Ultimately, given this user profile, the user is given the option to choose video segment B or C following playback of at least a portion of video segment A.
Another example profile is as follows:
Visionary=3; Foodie=6; Risk Taker=7; Creative=6
Performing the same analysis as above, but applied to these user attribute values, the resulting options made available to the user correspond to video segments C and D only. The option associated with video segment B is not made available, because, although the “Visionary” attribute value is less than 4, the “Foodie” value equals 6, which is not less than 5. A third user profile, resulting in all three options (respectively corresponding to video segments B, C, and D) being made available to the user, is as follows:
Visionary=3; Foodie=4; Risk Taker=7; Creative=6
In other words, when applying the logic corresponding to each of these three options against the attribute values of the third user profile, each logic statement evaluates to a “true” condition, causing that option to be shown to the user.
In some implementations, a user profile includes attribute values that cause only one of the logic statements to evaluate to true. For example, the following user profile:
Visionary=3; Foodie=4; Risk Taker=7; Creative=6
results in the logical statement associated with the video segment B path to evaluate to true (and, therefore, for the option associated with that segment to be made available to the user). However, these attribute values do not satisfy the logic associated with the video segment C and D options, which are consequently not shown to the user. When only one option is available based on a user profile, as in this case, the user can be presented with and permitted to select the option by itself. Alternatively, the interactive video can select the path associated with that option automatically, either immediately or after a period of time, with or without letting the user see a depiction of the option. In the instance where the logic statements associated with all of the options evaluate to false, several actions are possible. For example, one option can be designated as a default option that is presented for selection to the user, or automatically selected, when no options evaluate positively based on the current user's profile. As another option for this situation, a random option can be presented or automatically selected. In another implementation, where all options evaluate to false, the interactive video jumps to another segment not related to any of the options, or simply ends.
As described above, mood attributes associated with a user can change dynamically while a video is played for the user. This allows for different videos to be shown, different paths in an interactive video to be followed, and so on, based on the current mood or emotional state of the user. In some implementations, one or more factors can affect a user's mood attributes. For example, the content of video or other media presented to the user can result in a change in one or more mood attributes. In one example, a “scared” mood attribute is tracked for a user. Upon presenting a video containing a frightening scene, the user is assumed to be more frightened than prior to the scene being played, and so the user's “scared” attribute is increased in number (e.g., +1, +2, or more) or otherwise amplified (e.g., from low to medium). In another example, a video scene includes calming background music, resulting in the “scared” attribute being reduced in intensity and a “calm” attribute consequently increasing. Mood attributes can also be modified based the actions of a user, such as the choices the user makes during playback of an interactive video. For instance, the user's character in an interactive video may encounter a cookie-eating monster and be provided the option of fighting or fleeing. If the user chooses to fight, the user's mood profile will become more reflective of an aggressive emotional state, whereas, if the user chooses to flee, the mood profile will tend towards a less aggressive state.
Advantageously, changes in the mood or emotional state of a user, as measured using mood attributes, can be used to dynamically affect a video presentation in progress. As one example,
A threshold value for a particular attribute, such as the optimism level, can be any value within the range of the maximum and minimum attribute values. Generally, the threshold is chosen to be representative of a particular point at which an action should be taken. For example, if the possible values of optimism range from 0 to 100, the threshold at which an optimistic advertisement will be shown can be set at 80. In some implementations, more than one threshold for a particular attribute can be defined. For example, a somewhat optimistic advertisement can be shown to the user if his optimism level reaches 60, and a highly optimistic advertisement can be shown if the optimism level reaches 90. In one implementation, an action is taken if the threshold is met or exceeded by an attribute value. In another implementation, an action is taken if the attribute value is greater than or equal to a threshold, and then drops below such threshold. In some instances, an action can be taken if no threshold is reached after a period of time (e.g., 30 seconds, 2 minutes, a percentage of the total playback time, etc.).
One will appreciate that the dynamic modification of an interactive video based on attributes (e.g., automatic path selections, availability of options to a user, etc.) can take into account various properties of the attributes, which can include, in addition to those described above, highest value of attribute or a combination of attributes, lowest value of an attribute or a combination of attributes, existence of one or more attributes in a user's profile, whether one or more attribute values meets (or is less than or exceeds) a particular value or falls into one or more specified ranges, attribute type (e.g., mood, characteristic, tag, etc.), combinations of the foregoing, and so on.
Use cases for the present technology are virtually limitless. The following constitute just a few examples of the many ways in which the disclosed techniques can be implemented. One application is to select an advertisement to be played before, during, and/or after an interactive video based on a user's profile and the attributes therein. If, for example, the user watching the video has, according to the attributes in her profile, expensive taste and her current mood is “in-love”, then a jewelry advertisement may be shown. If, on the other hand, the user's mood is “hungry”, an ad can be shown for a Michelin star restaurant. Another use case is adapting the presentation of an interactive video when a particular attribute strongly corresponds to the user. For example, if a user continually makes choices in the interactive video that increase or maximize the value associated with one or more technology-type attributes, the video can emphasize technology-related choices or content. The video can, for example, highlight choices for the user that are technology-related, automatically play technology-related video segments, present technology-related advertisements, and so on. In another implementation, special content can be shown for users having attributes that meet particular requirements or reach a threshold. For example, an attribute can track the number of answers correctly answered in an interactive video quiz, and a behind-the-scenes video can be shown only to users who answer at least 90% of the quiz questions correctly.
In another use case, a series of episodes includes multiple interactive videos. In the first episode, the various choices made by the user in traversing the video results in the creation of a profile with various measured attributes. In subsequent episodes, the video can be dynamically modified based on the profile. For example, if the user reacted in a manner that raised his “Fear” attribute in the first episode, later episodes can show alternative video segments with less frightening content. In yet another implementation, the present techniques can be used to provide parental controls over which content is shown. For example, if a user's profile indicates that the user is 13-16 years of age, only video segments that are rated PG-13 or lower are displayed.
Although the systems and methods described herein relate primarily to audio and video playback, the invention is equally applicable to various streaming and non-streaming media, including animation, video games, interactive media, and other forms of content usable in conjunction with the present systems and methods. Further, there can be more than one audio, video, and/or other media content stream played in synchronization with other streams. Streaming media can include, for example, multimedia content that is continuously presented to a user while it is received from a content delivery source, such as a remote video server. If a source media file is in a format that cannot be streamed and/or does not allow for seamless connections between segments, the media file can be transcoded or converted into a format supporting streaming and/or seamless transitions.
While various implementations of the present invention have been described herein, it should be understood that they have been presented by example only. For example, one of skill in the art will appreciate that the techniques for creating seamless audio segments can be applied to creating seamless video segments and other forms of seamless media as well. Where methods and steps described above indicate certain events occurring in certain order, those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure would recognize that the ordering of certain steps can be modified and that such modifications are in accordance with the given variations. For example, although various implementations have been described as having particular features and/or combinations of components, other implementations are possible having any combination or sub-combination of any features and/or components from any of the implementations described herein.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20190373330 A1 | Dec 2019 | US |
