Patent Application
20160249122
This application relates to microphones and, more specifically, to communications between microphones.
Different types of acoustic devices have been used through the years. One type of device is a microphone and one type of microphone is a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) microphone. A MEMS microphone includes a MEMS die includes a diaphragm and a back plate. The MEMS die is supported by a substrate and enclosed by a housing (e.g., a cup or cover with walls). A port may extend through the substrate (for a bottom port device) or through the top of the housing (for a top port device). In any case, sound energy traverses through the port, moves the diaphragm and creates a changing potential of the back plate, which creates an electrical signal. Microphones are deployed in various types of devices such as personal computers or cellular phones.
It is sometimes advantageous to utilize two or more microphones. For example, one microphone may be used for sound pick-up in one frequency range, while another microphone may be used for sound pick-up in another frequency range. The microphones are sometimes connected to a codec, which performed processing of the signals from the microphones. Because of the limitations with the interface between the microphones and the codec, the microphones were unable to communicate with each other.
The problems of previous approaches have resulted in some user dissatisfaction with these previous approaches.
For a more complete understanding of the disclosure, reference should be made to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings wherein:
Skilled artisans will appreciate that elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity. It will further be appreciated that certain actions and/or steps may be described or depicted in a particular order of occurrence while those skilled in the art will understand that such specificity with respect to sequence is not actually required. It will also be understood that the terms and expressions used herein have the ordinary meaning as is accorded to such terms and expressions with respect to their corresponding respective areas of inquiry and study except where specific meanings have otherwise been set forth herein.
The present approaches provide an interface with microphone-to-microphone communications. In some aspects, a two microphone interface uses a pulse density modulation (PDM) bus. The two microphones share the same clock. The PDM output of the first microphone is transmitted and received by a second microphone on a first clock edge. The second microphone decimates the signals of both microphones and converts these decimated signals into pulse code modulation (PCM) signals, where the signals are processed and converted back to PDM and then a single, combined, and processed output is sent to a codec (or some other external device) on a second clock edge of the clock. The codec will see only the single combined signal (although the codec may receive although not process the signal sent from the first microphone to the second microphone on the first clock edge).
Referring now to
A second microphone 122 includes a second charge pump 124, a second micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) transducer 126, a second amplifier 128, a second sigma delta converter 130, a decimator 132, a digital signal processor (DSP) 134, and an interpolator 136. The first MEMS microphone 102 and the second MEMS microphone 122 share a clock 105. The hardware clock that provides the clock signal 105 may be disposed at the codec or system on a chip (SoC) 140 in one example. Other examples are possible.
The first microphone 102 and the second microphone 122 in some aspects each include a housing that encloses the above-mentioned components. In some examples, each microphone 102, 122 includes a base, on which the components are deployed and a lid or cover that is coupled to the base and that encloses the internal components. Additionally, some of the components (e.g., sigma delta converters, decimators, and amplifiers) may be deployed on an integrated circuit that is disposed on the base.
The first charge pump 104 and second charge pump 124 provide voltages and/or current to the first MEMS transducer 106 and the second MEMS transducer 126. The first MEMS transducer 106 and the second MEMS transducer 126 convert sound energy into an electrical signal. In these regards, the first MEMS transducer 106 and the second MEMS transducer 126 may include a diaphragm and a charged back plate (with the charge provided by the charge pumps 104 and 124). Sound energy moves the diaphragms to produce an electrical signal. Although MEMS device may be used as transducers 106 and 126, it will also be appreciated that other types of devices such as piezo electrical devices or speakers (being operated as a microphone) may also be deployed.
The first amplifier 108 and second amplifier 128 amplify the analog signals from the first MEMS transducer 106 and the second MEMS transducer 126. The first sigma delta converter 110 and the second sigma delta converter 130 convert the analog signals into pulse density modulation (PDM) signals.
The decimator 132 receives signals from the first MEMS transducer 106 and the second MEMS transducer 126 (that have been converted into PDM signals). The decimator 132 converts these PDM signals into to pulse code modulation (PCM) signals for processing by the DSP 134.
The DSP 134 performs various processing functions on the signals. For example, the DSP 134 may perform noise identification (e.g., identify wind or other types of noise, perform noise suppression (removal), or ultrasonic gesture or activity detection functions. Other examples of processing functions may also be performed by the DSP 134.
The interpolator 136 converts the PCM signal from the DSP to a PDM signal for transmission to the codec 140. The codec (or system on chip (SoC)) 140 receives the combined signal.
The first microphone 102 couples to a codec 140 and to the second microphone 122 and to the codec 140. The codec 140 couples to an application processor 142. The purpose of the codec 140 is to convert the PDM signal into PCM data and provide an amplifier for speakers in electronic devices. The application processor 142 is in one aspect a system on a chip (SoC) designed to support applications running in a mobile operating system environment. In some architectures, the codec 140 is not required and the microphones 102 and 122 may be directly connected to the applications processor 142.
In one example of the operation of the system of
Data 117, 119, and 121 is obtained from the second MEMS transducer 126 of the second microphone 122 on falling edges 109 of the clock 105. Combined data 131, 133, and 135 is sent from the second microphone 122 to the codec 140 on falling edges 109. The combined data is the processed audio stream from the first microphone 102 and the second microphone 122 combined and processed in the DSP in the second microphone.
It will be appreciated that there is a time lag between the reception of the data from the first microphone 102 and transmission of the combined data from the second microphone 122. For example, combined data 133 may be the combination of data 111 (from the first microphone 102) and the data 119 (from the second transducer 126 of the second microphone 122).
It will be appreciated that although in this example data is sent from the first microphone to the second microphone on a rising clock edge and sent from the second microphone to the codec on a second clock edge, that this order may be reversed. Other timing relationships may also be used.
In this way, the codec 140 receives the combined data from the two microphones 102 and 122. Microphone-to-microphone communications is supported in an efficient and seamless way.
Preferred embodiments of this invention are described herein, including the best mode known to the inventors for carrying out the invention. It should be understood that the illustrated embodiments are exemplary only, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
This patent claims benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62118252 entitled “Interface for Microphone-to-Microphone Communication” filed Feb. 19, 2015, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62118252 | Feb 2015 | US |
