Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication and to techniques and apparatuses for interference assistance information for multiple user multiple-input multiple-output groups.
Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, or the like). Examples of such multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE/LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
A wireless network may include one or more network nodes that support communication for wireless communication devices, such as a user equipment (UE) or multiple UEs. A UE may communicate with a network node via downlink communications and uplink communications. “Downlink” (or “DL”) refers to a communication link from the network node to the UE, and “uplink” (or “UL”) refers to a communication link from the UE to the network node. Some wireless networks may support device-to-device communication, such as via a local link (e.g., a sidelink (SL), a wireless local area network (WLAN) link, and/or a wireless personal area network (WPAN) link, among other examples).
The above multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different UEs to communicate on an MUnicipal, national, regional, and/or global level. New Radio (NR), which may be referred to as 5G, is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by the 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband internet access by improving spectral efficiency, lowering costs, improving services, making use of new spectrum, and better integrating with other open standards using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) (CP-OFDM) on the downlink, using CP-OFDM and/or single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) (also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink, as well as supporting beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, further improvements in LTE, NR, and other radio access technologies remain useful.
Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE). The method may include receiving interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for one or more communications. The method may include transmitting interference assistance feedback that indicates one or more parameters of interference cancelation or suppression based at least in part on the interference assistance information. The method may include receiving a communication within a set of time and frequency resources associated with a multiple user (MU)-multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) group, the MU-MIMO group associated with the interference assistance feedback.
Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a network node. The method may include transmitting, to UEs of a first MU-MIMO group, interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for one or more communications. The method may include receiving, from a UE of the MU-MIMO group, interference assistance feedback that indicates one or more parameters of interference cancelation or suppression based at least in part on the interference assistance information. The method may include transmitting, to the UE and based at least in part on the interference assistance feedback. a communication within a set of time and frequency resources associated with a second MU-MIMO group.
Some aspects described herein relate to a UE for wireless communication. The user equipment may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be configured to receive interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for one or more communications. The one or more processors may be configured to transmit interference assistance feedback that indicates one or more parameters of interference cancelation or suppression based at least in part on the interference assistance information. The one or more processors may be configured to receive a communication within a set of time and frequency resources associated with a MU-MIMO group, the MU-MIMO group associated with the interference assistance feedback.
Some aspects described herein relate to a network node for wireless communication. The network node may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be configured to transmit, to UEs of a first MU-MIMO group, interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for one or more communications. The one or more processors may be configured to receive, from a UE of the MU-MIMO group, interference assistance feedback that indicates one or more parameters of interference cancelation or suppression based at least in part on the interference assistance information. The one or more processors may be configured to transmit, to the UE and based at least in part on the interference assistance feedback, a communication within a set of time and frequency resources associated with a second MU-MIMO group.
Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to receive interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for one or more communications. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to transmit interference assistance feedback that indicates one or more parameters of interference cancelation or suppression based at least in part on the interference assistance information. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to receive a communication within a set of time and frequency resources associated with a MU-MIMO group, the MU-MIMO group associated with the interference assistance feedback.
Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a network node. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to transmit, to UEs of a first MU-MIMO group. interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for one or more communications. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to receive. from a UE of the MU-MIMO group, interference assistance feedback that indicates one or more parameters of interference cancelation or suppression based at least in part on the interference assistance information. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to transmit, to the UE and based at least in part on the interference assistance feedback, a communication within a set of time and frequency resources associated with a second MU-MIMO group.
Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for receiving interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for one or more communications. The apparatus may include means for transmitting interference assistance feedback that indicates one or more parameters of interference cancelation or suppression based at least in part on the interference assistance information. The apparatus may include means for receiving a communication within a set of time and frequency resources associated with a MU-MIMO group, the MU-MIMO group associated with the interference assistance feedback.
Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for transmitting, to UEs of a first MU-MIMO group, interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for one or more communications. The apparatus may include means for receiving, from a UE of the MU-MIMO group, interference assistance feedback that indicates one or more parameters of interference cancelation or suppression based at least in part on the interference assistance information. The apparatus may include means for transmitting, to the UE and based at least in part on the interference assistance feedback, a communication within a set of time and frequency resources associated with a second MU-MIMO group.
Aspects generally include a method, apparatus, system, computer program product, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, base station, network entity, network node, wireless communication device, and/or processing system as substantially described herein with reference to and as illustrated by the drawings and specification.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of examples according to the disclosure in order that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The conception and specific examples disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages, will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the purposes of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims.
While aspects are described in the present disclosure by illustration to some examples, those skilled in the art will understand that such aspects may be implemented in many different arrangements and scenarios. Techniques described herein may be implemented using different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and/or packaging arrangements. For example, some aspects may be implemented via integrated chip embodiments or other non-module-component based devices (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail/purchasing devices, medical devices, and/or artificial intelligence devices). Aspects may be implemented in chip-level components, modular components, non-modular components, non-chip-level components, device-level components, and/or system-level components. Devices incorporating described aspects and features may include additional components and features for implementation and practice of claimed and described aspects. For example, transmission and reception of wireless signals may include one or more components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, radio frequency (RF) chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders, and/or summers). It is intended that aspects described herein may be practiced in a wide variety of devices, components, systems, distributed arrangements, and/or end-user devices of varying size, shape, and constitution.
So that the above-recited features of the present disclosure can be understood in detail, a more particular description, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to aspects, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the description may admit to other equally effective aspects. The same reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.
Various aspects relate generally to interference assistance information for multiple user (MU)-multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) groups. Some aspects more specifically relate to flexible negotiation and configuration of MU-MIMO groups for group-based delivery of interference assistance information. In some examples, a UE may have an initial assignment to a first MU-MIMO group and may receive associated first interference assistance information. The UE may receive a first communication and attempt to cancel and/or suppress interference with the first communication based at least in part the first interference assistance information. The UE may provide interference assistance feedback that indicates performance of interference cancelation and/or suppression that is based at least in part on the first interference assistance information.
Based at least in part on the interference assistance feedback, the UE may be assigned to a second MU-MIMO group (e.g., in place of the first MU-MIMO group or in addition to the first MU-MIMO group) and receive associated second interference assistance information. The UE may receive a second communication and may attempt to cancel and/or suppress interference with the second communication based at least in part the second interference assistance information.
In some aspects, the UE may receive the first communication via a first set of time and frequency resources that are associated with the first MU-MIMO group and may receive the second communication via a second set of time and frequency resources that are associated with the second MU-MIMO group. In this way, assignment to the first MU-MIMO group or the second MU-MIMO group may be transparent to the UE.
Particular aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to realize one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, by providing interference assistance feedback, the described techniques can be used to improve interference assistance information for a UE. For example, the interference assistance information may be improved based at least in part on support for updating assignments to MU-MIMO groups and associated interference assistance information. Based at least in part on the interference assistance information being improved, the UE may conserve power, processing, network, and/or communication resources that may have otherwise been consumed by detecting and/or correct errors associated with interference assistance information that is outdated (e.g., associated with a suboptimal MU-MIMO group assignment). Additionally, or alternatively, based at least in part on the interference assistance information being improved, the UE and the network node may communicate with improved spectral efficiency, cell throughput, and/or cell coverage, among other examples.
Various aspects of the disclosure are described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. This disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. One skilled in the art should appreciate that the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or combined with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus or method which is practiced using other structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to or other than the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.
Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various apparatuses and techniques. These apparatuses and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, or the like (collectively referred to as “elements”). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or combinations thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
While aspects may be described herein using terminology commonly associated with a 5G or New Radio (NR) radio access technology (RAT), aspects of the present disclosure can be applied to other RATs, such as a 3G RAT, a 4G RAT, and/or a RAT subsequent to 5G (e.g., 6G).
In some examples, a network node 110 is or includes a network node that communicates with UEs 120 via a radio access link, such as an RU. In some examples, a network node 110 is or includes a network node that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a fronthaul link or a midhaul link, such as a DU. In some examples, a network node 110 is or includes a network node that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a midhaul link or a core network via a backhaul link, such as a CU. In some examples, a network node 110 (such as an aggregated network node 110 or a disaggregated network node 110) may include multiple network nodes, such as one or more RUs, one or more CUs, and/or one or more DUs. A network node 110 may include, for example, an NR base station, an LTE base station, a Node B, an eNB (e.g., in 4G), a gNB (e.g., in 5G), an access point, a transmission reception point (TRP), a DU, an RU, a CU, a mobility element of a network, a core network node, a network element, a network equipment, a RAn node, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the network nodes 110 may be interconnected to one another or to one or more other network nodes 110 in the wireless network 100 through various types of fronthaul, midhaul, and/or backhaul interfaces, such as a direct physical connection, an air interface, or a virtual network, using any suitable transport network.
In some examples, a network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a network node 110 and/or a network node subsystem serving this coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. A network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and/or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs 120 having association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs 120 in a closed subscriber group (CSG)). A network node 110 for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro network node. A network node 110 for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico network node. A network node 110 for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto network node or an in-home network node. In the example shown in
In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to an aggregated base station, a disaggregated base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, or one or more components thereof. For example, in some aspects, “base station” or “network node” may refer to a CU, a DU, an RU, a Near-Real Time (Near-RT) RAn Intelligent Controller (RIC), or a Non-Real Time (Non-RT) RIC, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to one device configured to perform one or more functions, such as those described herein in connection with the network node 110. In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to a plurality of devices configured to perform the one or more functions. For example, in some distributed systems, each of a quantity of different devices (which may be located in the same geographic location or in different geographic locations) may be configured to perform at least a portion of a function, or to duplicate performance of at least a portion of the function, and the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to any one or more of those different devices. In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to one or more virtual base stations or one or more virtual base station functions. For example, in some aspects, two or more base station functions may be instantiated on a single device. In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to one of the base station functions and not another. In this way, a single device may include more than one base station.
The wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations. A relay station is a network node that can receive a transmission of data from an upstream node (e.g., a network node 110 or a UE 120) and send a transmission of the data to a downstream node (e.g., a UE 120 or a network node 110). A relay station may be a UE 120 that can relay transmissions for other UEs 120. In the example shown in
The wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes network nodes 110 of different types, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, relay network nodes, or the like. These different types of network nodes 110 may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and/or different impacts on interference in the wireless network 100. For example, macro network nodes may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 to 40 watts) whereas pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 to 2 watts).
A network controller 130 may couple to or communicate with a set of network nodes 110 and may provide coordination and control for these network nodes 110. The network controller 130 may communicate with the network nodes 110 via a backhaul communication link or a midhaul communication link. The network nodes 110 may communicate with one another directly or indirectly via a wireless or wireline backhaul communication link. In some aspects, the network controller 130 may be a CU or a core network device, or may include a CU or a core network device.
The UEs 120 may be dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. A UE 120 may include, for example, an access terminal, a terminal, a mobile station, and/or a subscriber unit. A UE 120 may be a cellular phone (e.g., a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring or a smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., an MUsic device, a video device, and/or a satellite radio), a vehicular component or sensor, a smart meter/sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device, a UE function of a network node, and/or any other suitable device that is configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium.
Some UEs 120 may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) UEs. An MTC UE and/or an eMTC UE may include, for example, a robot, an unmanned aerial vehicle, a remote device, a sensor, a meter, a monitor, and/or a location tag, that may communicate with a network node, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. Some UEs 120 may be considered Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, and/or may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband IoT) devices. Some UEs 120 may be considered a Customer Premises Equipment. A UE 120 may be included inside a housing that houses components of the UE 120, such as processor components and/or memory components. In some examples, the processor components and the memory components may be coupled together. For example, the processor components (e.g., one or more processors) and the memory components (e.g., a memory) may be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and/or electrically coupled.
In general, any number of wireless networks 100 may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network 100 may support a particular RAT and may operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT may be referred to as a radio technology, an air interface, or the like. A frequency may be referred to as a carrier, a frequency channel, or the like. Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area in order to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.
In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using a network node 110 as an intermediary to communicate with one another). For example, the UEs 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communications, device-to-device (D2D) communications, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocol (e.g., which may include a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocol, a vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocol, or a vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocol), and/or a mesh network. In such examples, a UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and/or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by the network node 110.
Devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided by frequency or wavelength into various classes, bands, channels, or the like. For example, devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using one or more operating bands. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz-7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz-52.6 GHz). It should be understood that although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “Sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. A similar nomenclature issue sometimes occurs with regard to FR2, which is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz-300 GHz) which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band.
The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have identified an operating band for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz-24.25 GHz). Frequency bands falling within FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics and/or FR2 characteristics, and thus may effectively extend features of FR1 and/or FR2 into mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz-71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz-114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz-300 GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.
With the above examples in mind, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “sub-6 GHz” or the like, if used herein, may broadly represent frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies. Further, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “millimeter wave” or the like, if used herein, may broadly represent frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1, and/or FR5, or may be within the EHF band. It is contemplated that the frequencies included in these operating bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and/or FR5) may be modified, and techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.
In some aspects, the UE 120 may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may receive interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for one or more communications; transmit interference assistance feedback that indicates one or more parameters of interference cancelation or suppression based at least in part on the interference assistance information; and receive a communication within a set of time and frequency resources associated with a MU-MIMO group, the MU-MIMO group associated with the interference assistance feedback. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.
In some aspects, the network node 110 may include a communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 150 may transmit, to UEs of a first MU-MIMO group, interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for one or more communications; receive, from a UE of the MU-MIMO group, interference assistance feedback that indicates one or more parameters of interference cancelation or suppression based at least in part on the interference assistance information; and transmit, to the UE and based at least in part on the interference assistance feedback, a communication within a set of time and frequency resources associated with a second MU-MIMO group. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.
As indicated above,
At the network node 110, a transmit processor 220 may receive data, from a data source 212, intended for the UE 120 (or a set of UEs 120). The transmit processor 220 may select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) for the UE 120 based at least in part on one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from that UE 120. The network node 110 may process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for the UE 120 based at least in part on the MCS(s) selected for the UE 120 and may provide data symbols for the UE 120. The transmit processor 220 may process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and/or upper layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. The transmit processor 220 may generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., a primary synchronization signal (PSS) or a secondary synchronization signal (SSS)). A transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overhead symbols, and/or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (e.g., T output symbol streams) to a corresponding set of modems 232 (e.g., T modems), shown as modems 232a through 232t. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a modulator component (shown as MOD) of a modem 232. Each modem 232 may use a respective modulator component to process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may further use a respective modulator component to process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and/or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The modems 232a through 232t may transmit a set of downlink signals (e.g., T downlink signals) via a corresponding set of antennas 234 (e.g., T antennas), shown as antennas 234a through 234t.
At the UE 120, a set of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a through 252r) may receive the downlink signals from the network node 110 and/or other network nodes 110 and may provide a set of received signals (e.g., R received signals) to a set of modems 254 (e.g., R modems), shown as modems 254a through 254r. For example, each received signal may be provided to a demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of a modem 254. Each modem 254 may use a respective demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and/or digitize) a received signal to obtain input samples. Each modem 254 may use a demodulator component to further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from the modems 254, may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and may provide detected symbols. A receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, may provide decoded data for the UE 120 to a data sink 260, and may provide decoded control information and system information to a controller/processor 280. The term “controller/processor” may refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. For example, the controller/processor 280 may include multiple controllers/processors where any combination of the multiple controllers/processors (including a single controller/processor or two or more controllers/processors) may perform any combination of functions described herein. For example, a first combination of the multiple controllers/processors may perform any combination of aspects of
The network controller 130 may include a communication unit 294, a controller/processor 290, and a memory 292. The network controller 130 may include, for example, one or more devices in a core network. The network controller 130 may communicate with the network node 110 via the communication unit 294.
One or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234a through 234t and/or antennas 252a through 252r) may include, or may be included within, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, and/or one or more antenna arrays, among other examples. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, and/or an antenna array may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings), a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements, and/or one or more antenna elements coupled to one or more transmission and/or reception components, such as one or more components of
On the uplink, at the UE 120, a transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from a data source 262 and control information (e.g., for reports that include RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and/or CQI) from the controller/processor 280. The transmit processor 264 may generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 if applicable, further processed by the modems 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to the network node 110. In some examples, the modem 254 of the UE 120 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, the UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of the antenna(s) 252, the modem(s) 254, the MIMO detector 256, the receive processor 258, the transmit processor 264, and/or the TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., the controller/processor 280) and the memory 282 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein (e.g., with reference to
At the network node 110, the uplink signals from UE 120 and/or other UEs may be received by the antennas 234, processed by the modem 232 (e.g., a demodulator component, shown as DEMOD, of the modem 232), detected by a MIMO detector 236 if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by the UE 120. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 and provide the decoded control information to controller/processor 240. The controller/processor 240 may include to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. For example, the controller/processor 240 may include multiple controllers/processors where any combination of the multiple controllers/processors (including a single controller/processor or two or more controllers/processors) may perform any combination of functions described herein. For example, a first combination of the multiple controllers/processors may perform any combination of aspects of
The controller/processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller/processor 280 of the UE 120, and/or any other component(s) of
In some aspects, the UE includes means for receiving interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for one or more communications (e.g., using antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, controller/processor 280, and/or memory 282, among other examples); means for transmitting interference assistance feedback that indicates one or more parameters of interference cancelation or suppression based at least in part on the interference assistance information (e.g., using controller/processor 280, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, modem 254, antenna 252, and/or memory 282, among other examples); and/or means for receiving a communication within a set of time and frequency resources associated with a MU-MIMO group, the MU-MIMO group associated with the interference assistance feedback (e.g., using antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, controller/processor 280, and/or memory 282, among other examples). The means for the UE to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 140, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller/processor 280, or memory 282.
In some aspects, the network node includes means for transmitting, to UEs of a first MU-MIMO group, interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for one or more communications (e.g., using controller/processor 240, transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, modem 232, antenna 234, and/or memory 242, among other examples); means for receiving, from a UE of the MU-MIMO group, interference assistance feedback that indicates one or more parameters of interference cancelation or suppression based at least in part on the interference assistance information (e.g., using antenna 234, modem 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller/processor 240, and/or memory 242, among other examples); and/or means for transmitting, to the UE and based at least in part on the interference assistance feedback, a communication within a set of time and frequency resources associated with a second MU-MIMO group (e.g., using controller/processor 240, transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, modem 232, antenna 234, and/or memory 242, among other examples). The means for the network node to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 150, transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, modem 232, antenna 234, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller/processor 240, memory 242, or scheduler 246.
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Deployment of communication systems, such as 5G NR systems, may be arranged in multiple manners with various components or constituent parts. In a 5G NR system, or network, a network node, a network entity, a mobility element of a network, a RAn node, a core network node, a network element, a base station, or a network equipment may be implemented in an aggregated or disaggregated architecture. For example, a base station (such as a Node B (NB), an evolved NB (eNB), an NR base station, a 5G NB, an access point (AP), a TRP, or a cell, among other examples), or one or more units (or one or more components) performing base station functionality, may be implemented as an aggregated base station (also known as a standalone base station or a monolithic base station) or a disaggregated base station. “Network entity” or “network node” may refer to a disaggregated base station, or to one or more units of a disaggregated base station (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, one or more RUs, or a combination thereof).
An aggregated base station (e.g., an aggregated network node) may be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or unit). A disaggregated base station (e.g., a disaggregated network node) may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more units (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, or one or more RUs). In some examples, a CU may be implemented within a network node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed throughout one or multiple other network nodes. The DUs may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU, and RU also can be implemented as virtual units, such as a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU), among other examples.
Base station-type operation or network design may consider aggregation characteristics of base station functionality. For example, disaggregated base stations may be utilized in an IAB network, an open radio access network (O-RAn (such as the network configuration sponsored by the O-RAn Alliance)), or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN)) to facilitate scaling of communication systems by separating base station functionality into one or more units that can be individually deployed. A disaggregated base station may include functionality implemented across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as functionality implemented for at least one unit virtually, which can enable flexibility in network design. The various units of the disaggregated base station can be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit of the disaggregated base station.
Each of the units, including the CUs 310, the DUs 330, the RUs 340, as well as the Near-RT RICs 325, the Non-RT RICs 315, and the SMO Framework 305, may include one or more interfaces or be coupled with one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the units, or an associated processor or controller providing instructions to one or multiple communication interfaces of the respective unit, can be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via the transmission medium. In some examples, each of the units can include a wired interface, configured to receive or transmit signals over a wired transmission medium to one or more of the other units, and a wireless interface, which may include a receiver, a transmitter or transceiver (such as an RF transceiver), configured to receive or transmit signals, or both, over a wireless transmission medium to one or more of the other units.
In some aspects, the CU 310 may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions can include radio resource control (RRC) functions, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) functions, or service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) functions, among other examples. Each control function can be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 310. The CU 310 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (for example, Central Unit-User Plane (CU-UP) functionality), control plane functionality (for example, Central Unit-Control Plane (CU-CP) functionality), or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the CU 310 can be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. A CU-UP unit can communicate bidirectionally with a CU-CP unit via an interface, such as the E1 interface when implemented in an O-RAn configuration. The CU 310 can be implemented to communicate with a DU 330, as necessary, for network control and signaling.
Each DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions to control the operation of one or more RUs 340. In some aspects, the DU 330 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers depending, at least in part, on a functional split, such as a functional split defined by the 3GPP. In some aspects, the one or more high PHY layers may be implemented by one or more modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, and modulation and demodulation, among other examples. In some aspects, the DU 330 may further host one or more low PHY layers, such as implemented by one or more modules for a fast Fourier transform (FFT), an inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, or physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, among other examples. Each layer (which also may be referred to as a module) can be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330, or with the control functions hosted by the CU 310.
Each RU 340 may implement lower-layer functionality. In some deployments, an RU 340, controlled by a DU 330, may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low-PHY layer functions, such as performing an FFT. performing an iFFT, digital beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, among other examples, based on a functional split (for example, a functional split defined by the 3GPP), such as a lower layer functional split. In such an architecture, each RU 340 can be operated to handle over the air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 120. In some implementations, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU(s) 340 can be controlled by the corresponding DU 330. In some scenarios, this configuration can enable each DU 330 and the CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAn architecture, such as a vRAn architecture.
The SMO Framework 305 may be configured to support RAn deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 305 may be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAn coverage requirements, which may be managed via an operations and maintenance interface (such as an O1 interface). For virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 305 may be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390) to perform network element life cycle management (such as to instantiate virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as an O2 interface). Such virtualized network elements can include, but are not limited to, CUs 310, DUs 330, RUs 340, non-RT RICs 315, and Near-RT RICs 325. In some implementations, the SMO Framework 305 can communicate with a hardware aspect of a 4G RAN, such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 311, via an O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO Framework 305 can communicate directly with each of one or more RUs 340 via a respective O1 interface. The SMO Framework 305 also may include a Non-RT RIC 315 configured to support functionality of the SMO Framework 305.
The Non-RT RIC 315 may be configured to include a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAn elements and resources, Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML) workflows including model training and updates, or policy-based guidance of applications/features in the Near-RT RIC 325. The Non-RT RIC 315 may be coupled to or communicate with (such as via an A1 interface) the Near-RT RIC 325. The Near-RT RIC 325 may be configured to include a logical function that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAn elements and resources via data collection and actions over an interface (such as via an E2 interface) connecting one or more CUs 310, one or more DUs 330, or both, as well as an O-eNB, with the Near-RT RIC 325.
In some implementations, to generate AI/ML models to be deployed in the Near-RT RIC 325, the Non-RT RIC 315 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from external servers. Such information may be utilized by the Near-RT RIC 325 and may be received at the SMO Framework 305 or the Non-RT RIC 315 from non-network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the Non-RT RIC 315 or the Near-RT RIC 325 may be configured to tune RAn behavior or performance. For example, the Non-RT RIC 315 may monitor long-term trends and patterns for performance and employ AI/ML models to perform corrective actions through the SMO Framework 305 (such as reconfiguration via an O1 interface) or via creation of RAn management policies (such as A1 interface policies).
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An MU-MIMO group allocation may include a set of all resource blocks (RBs) and symbols in a slot over which the same set of UE channels and layers is scheduled. An assignment of a UE to an MU-MIMO group may indicate that the UE has an allocation (e.g., in a frequency domain) that at least partially overlaps with other UEs of the MU-MIMO group (e.g., up to N other UEs). The UE may be included in one or more MU-MIMO groups (e.g., two or more MU-MIMO groups). In some networks, the network node may use time domain partitioning of an MU-MIMO group in addition, or in the alternative, to frequency domain partitioning of the MU-MIMO groups.
The UE may receive downlink control information (DCI) associated with a data communication (e.g., a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) communication) that is scheduled for the UE. In some scenarios, the UE may use demodulation reference signals (DMRSs) to receive the data communication via multiple layers or on a layer of multiple layers of resources used for communication with other UEs (e.g., in the MU-MIMO group or a neighbor MU-MIMO group). In some networks, the UE may demodulate the DMRSs with data of the data communication. In some examples, the UE may not be aware of DMRSs of communications for other UEs, or the UE may be aware of DMRSs of other MU-MIMO groups to enable rate matching and to reduce DMRS pollution, among other examples.
In some networks, UEs constituting an MU-MIMO group may be considered semi-static within an activity window. In some examples, specific allocations of UEs within the MU-MIMO group (e.g., a split of layers RBs, and/or symbols) may be assigned or reassigned on a slot by slot basis (e.g., dynamic allocations within the MU-MIMO group).
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In some networks, a network node may provide network-assisted interference cancelation and suppression information to one or more UEs. For example, the network node may provide interference assistance information to increase spectral efficiency in a noisy environment, which may support increased cell capacity and/or performance.
In some aspects described herein, a UE and a network node may engage in a capability negotiation supporting interference cancelation procedures for multiple UE receivers. For example, the network node may provide a flexible assignment of UEs to MU-MIMO groups by reducing scheduler and/or beam management constraints. In some aspects, the network node may provide per-slot interference assisted information and/or the UE may provide feedback report for facilitating assignments of UEs within MU-MIMO groups. In this way, the network node may conserve power, communication, and/or network resources that may have otherwise been consumed by indicating interference assistance information to each UE with an individual message. Additionally, or alternatively, the network node may provide updates to the interference assistance information, based at least in part on the feedback, by reassigning UEs to an MU-MIMO group with other UEs that can share interference assistance information.
In some aspects, the network node may transmit an indication of an assignment to a MU-MIMO group. In some aspects, the network node may indicate one or more parameters associated with the MU-MIMO group, such as a DMRS sequence and/or a CDM parameter.
In some examples, the UE may transmit an indication of a type of suppression that the UE supports. In some aspects, the UE may indicate the support for suppression, a receiver type of the UE (e.g., a class of UE, a reduced capability UE, or a repeater UE, among other examples), and/or a configuration of an operating mode of the UE, among other examples. In some aspects, the network node may configure an operating mode of the UE (e.g., in context of interference assistance information) based at least in part on the indication of support and/or the receiver type.
In some aspects, the network node may indicate an assignment into a MU-MIMO group. For example, the network node may transmit an indication of parameters (e.g., a DMRS sequence, CDM information, and/or beam information) associated with the MU-MIMO group (e.g., an implicit indication of the MU-MIMO group). In some aspects, the network node may indicate an explicit indication of the MU-MIMO group. In some aspects, the explicit indication of the MU-MIMO group may be associated with one or more parameters of the MU-MIMO group that are known by the UE (e.g., via a communication protocol and/or a configuration indicated by the network node). In some aspects, the network node may accept the UE to a MU-MIMO group via an indication, such as a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) report.
In some aspects, the network node may configure the UE to receive groupcast message associated with the MU-MIMO group and/or to receive or transmit reports associated with the MU-MIMO message. For example, the UE may be configured to receive groupcast messages that indicate configuration information and/or DCI, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may be configured to transmit, to the network node, feedback or other information that is relevant to generation of interference assistance information and/or an assignment to a MU-MIMO group.
The UE may receive interference assistance information from the network node while assigned to the MU-MIMO group. In some aspects, the interference assistance information may be shared with all of the UEs of the MU-MIMO group. In some aspects, the UE may transmit an acknowledgement (ACK) associated with reception of the interference assistance information. In some aspects, the UE may provide additional feedback to the network node to assist with potential reassignment to a different MU-MIMO group. For example, the UE may provide an indication of one or more parameters that indicates success of canceling or suppressing noise based at least in part on the interference assistance information.
As shown by reference number 505, the network node may transmit, and the UE may receive, configuration information. In some aspects, the UE may receive the configuration information via one or more of RRC signaling, one or more medium access control (MAC) control elements (CEs), and/or DCI, among other examples. In some aspects, the configuration information may include an indication of one or more configuration parameters (e.g., already known to the UE and/or previously indicated by the network node or other network device) for selection by the UE, and/or explicit configuration information for the UE to use to configure the UE, among other examples.
In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate that the UE is to transmit an indication of one or more types of interference assistance information and/or suppression that the UE supports. In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate that the UE is to transmit an indication of a receiver type of the UE (e.g., UE class, repeater mobile terminal, user-based UE, and/or reduced capability UE, among other examples).
In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate a deliver mode and/or format associated with network node transmission of interference assistance information. For example, the configuration information may indicate a time and frequency resource that may carry the configuration information, a message type that carries the interference assistance information (e.g., DCI), a periodicity of transmission of the interference assistance information, a configuration for providing feedback and/or an ACK associated with the interference assistance information, and/or a periodicity for updating the interference assistance information, among other examples. In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate an operating mode associated with one or more parameters associated with interference assistance information and/or feedback for the interference assistance information (e.g., as described herein).
The UE may configure itself based at least in part on the configuration information. In some aspects, the UE may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein based at least in part on the configuration information.
As shown by reference number 510, the UE may transmit, and the network node may receive, a capabilities report. In some aspects, the capabilities report may indicate UE support (e.g., positive support or non-support) for one or more interference assistance information and/or noise suppression using interference assistance information. In some aspects, the capabilities report may indicate a receiver type of the UE.
In some aspects, the operations associated with reference numbers 505 and 510 may be performed in a different order. For example, one or more operations described in connection with reference number 505 may be performed, then one or more operations described in connection with reference number 510 may be performed, then one or more additional operations described in connection with reference number 505 may be performed (e.g., a configuration of an operating mode for the UE).
As shown by reference number 515, the UE may receive, and the network node may transmit, an indication of an assignment to an MU-MIMO group and/or interference information. In some aspects, the UE may receive an indication of the assignment and then may receive the interference assistance information (e.g., based at least in part on being associated with the MU-MIMO group). For example, based at least in part on receiving the assignment, the UE may be registered to receive groupcast communications of the MU-MIMO group, by which the UE may receive the interference assistance information. In some aspects, the UE may receive the interference assistance information based at least in part on transmitting an indication of support for one or more interference cancelation operations associated with the interference assistance information.
In some aspects, the network node may indicate the MU-MIMO group using an implicit indication, such as an indication of a PMI. In some aspects, the network node may transmit the indication of the MU-MIMO group with a granularity of an activity window (e.g., the MU-MIMO group assignment remains for an entire activity window). For example, at the beginning of an activity window, the UE may receive an indication to be part of the first MU-MIMO group. The UE may register to groupcast messages associated with the first MU-MIMO group and/or reports associated with the first MU-MIMO group.
In some aspects, the interference assistance information may indicate one or more parameters for the UE to cancel or suppress noise in the environment that may otherwise interfere with a communication from the network node. For example, the interference assistance information may indicate a matrix to apply to signal samplings, which matrix may suppress or cancel the noise. In some aspects, the UE may receive the interference assistance information in each slot that contains downlink communication to the UE. In some aspects, the UE and other UEs of the first MU-MIMO group may receive the interference assistance information via a groupcast message associated with the first MU-MIMO group.
In some aspects, the UE may receive the interference assistance information via DCI. For example, the UE may receive the interference assistance information via a single DCI message or via multiple DCI messages.
In some aspects, the DCI may be configured via assistive information, as indicated in an information element of an RRC message. In some aspects, the UE configuration may indicate DCI reception information (e.g., an indication using DCI blind detection). For example, the configuration may indicate a group common search space set, an MU-group-radio-network-temporary-identifier (RNTI) scrambling, an index of the MIMO group information within the DCI (e.g., information that may be indicated via dynamic signaling, such as the DCI), and/or a size (e.g., in bits) of the DCI for blind decoding, among other examples.
In some aspects, the DCI may contain a same DMRS sequence, a different DMRS sequences, modulation, or no modulation, based at least in part on the interference assistance information (e.g., based at least in part on the UEs of the MU-MIMO group).
In some aspects, a single DCI message may include interference assistance information for the first MU-MIMO group and for the MU-MIMO group (e.g., with interference assistance information for the different MU-MIMO groups indexed within the DCI). In this case, the all UEs of the first MU-MIMO group and the second MU-MIMO group may be reconfigured to receive the DCI that includes interference assistance information (IAI) for each group. Additionally, or alternatively, the network node may transmit a first DCI message that includes interference assistance information for the first MU-MIMO group and a second DCI message that includes interference assistance information for the second MU-MIMO group. In some aspects, a first UE may be configured to receive only a first of the interference assistance information and a second UE may be configured to receive only a second of the interference assistance information. In some aspects, a third UE (e.g., located near an edge of the first MU-MIMO group and the second MU-MIMO group (e.g., physically near a border or with interference assistance feedback that is similar to first MU-MIMO group and the second MU-MIMO group, such as an average or near-average of the MU-MIMO groups).
In some aspects, interference assistance information for a first MU-MIMO group may include a DMRS configuration indicator (e.g., DMRSconfig(i)) that includes a number of bits (e.g., 2 bits) that indicate the DMRS configuration for the first MU-MIMO group. For example, ‘0’ (1,1), ‘1’ (1,2), ‘2’ (2,1), ‘3’ (2,2) to provide NDMRS=4/8/6/12. The interference assistance information may include an indication of a DMRS bitmap (e.g., DMRSbitmap(i)) that includes a number of bits (e.g., 4/6/8/12 bits), toggling DMRSs used by all UEs in the first MU-MIMO group. If the interference assistance information contains modulation, the interference assistance information may include looping on k DMRSs in DMRSbitmap(i), providing modulation (k) (e.g., using 3 bits).
In some aspects, the DCI may have a capacity limit for L MU-MIMO groups. For example, ΣL(2+DMRSbitmap_L+3K)≤128 bits. With no modulation, with NDMRS=8, for all MIMO groups, L≤12. With no modulation, with NDMRS=12, for all MIMO groups, L≤9. With modulation, with NDMRS=8, and with 7 DMRS used, for all MIMO groups, L≤4. With modulation, with NDMRS=12, and with 12 DMRS used, for all MIMO groups, L≤2. As shown, a lower number of supported MIMO groups in a DCI may use a larger number of DCIs, consuming control channel elements (CCEs) and/or other resources used for DCI scheduling data.
In some aspects, the network node may support aggregated UE-specific dimensionality. For example, multiple MIMO groups (e.g., single user or multiple user MIMO groups) may be spatially arranged, where beamforming achieves spatial separation. Applying different DMRS sequences for different MIMO groups may provide additional DMRS separation. In this way, the UE of the MU-MIMO groups may receive DMRS sequences for each MIMO group (e.g., for intra-group and inter-group interference cancellation), using the flexible messaging envelope of the DCI described herein.
In an example, two spatially separated MIMO groups may use eight layers each. A first UE may be assigned to a first MIMO group (e.g., with good spatial separation from a second MIMO group), with interference assistance information for the first MU-MIMO group. A second UE may be assigned to a second MIMO group (e.g., with good spatial separation from the first MIMO group), with interference assistance information for the second MIMO group. A third UE may receive an assignment to both MIMO group one and MIMO group 2 (with poor spatial separation between the first MIMO and the second MIMO group), with interference assistance information for the first MIMO group and the second MIMO group.
In some aspects, the DCI including the interference assistance information for MIMO group i may include a scrambling-ID (i) associated with a particular MIMO group. For example, the scrambling-ID (i) may include a number of bits (e.g., 16 bits) indicating NID, per MU_MIMO group i. The DCI including the interference assistance information may include DMRSconfig(i) with a number of bits (e.g., 2 bits) indicating a DMRS configuration in MU-MIMO i.
In some aspects, the DCI may include looping on UEs j that are included in MIMO group i. In some aspects, the DCI may include antenna port information (API) (j) (e.g., 4/5/6 bits) indicating DMRS APs and a CDM, a DMRS sequence initialization (j) (e.g., 1 bit) indicating nSCID, and/or an indication of a used modulation if the DCI includes modulation using a number of bits (e.g., 3 bits).
In some aspects, the DCI may have a capacity limit for L MU-MIMO groups, each including J UEs. For example. ΣL(NID+ΣJ(APIL,J+1+3))≤128 bits. In an example without modulation, NDMRS=8, and 2 UEs constituting all MIMO groups, L≤4 (e.g., 4 MIMO groups spatially separated). In an example with modulation, NDMRS=8, and 4 UEs constituting all MIMO groups, L≤2 (e.g., 2 MIMO groups spatially separated).
As shown by reference number 520, the UE may transmit an ACK associated with the indication of the assignment to the MU-MIMO group. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may transmit an ACK associated with the interference assistance information.
In some aspects, the UE may receive the indication of the assignment to the MU-MIMO group and may transmit a first ACK associated with the assignment. Once assigned to the MU-MIMO group, the UE may receive the interference assistance information and may transmit a second ACK associated with the interference assistance information. In some aspects, the UE may receive the indication of the assignment only at the beginning of the activity window and may receive the interference assistance information per slot.
As shown by reference number 525, the UE may receive, and the network node may transmit, one or more communications based at least in part on the interference assistance information. As also shown by reference number 525, other UEs of the first MU-MIMO group may receive communications based at least in part on the interference assistance information.
In some aspects, the UE may receive the communication within a set of time and frequency resources associated with the first MU-MIMO group (e.g., that is associated with the interference assistance feedback). In some aspects, the communication may include a groupcast message that is transmitted to UEs of the first MU-MIMO group.
The communication may include a PDSCH communication or other data channel communication. The UE may use the interference assistance information to suppress noise on a channel associated with the communication and may demodulate and decode the communication with improved accuracy based at least in part on the noise suppression. In this way, the UE may reduce an error rate of communications, which may conserve communication, power, network, and/or computing resources that may have otherwise been consumed by detecting and correcting communication errors.
In some aspects, the network node may transmit the communication with improved spectral efficiency based at least in part on the UE having the interference assistance information. For example, the network node may increase an MCS of the communication based at least in part on an expectation that the UE supports improved interference reduction and/or suppression associated with receiving the communication. The UE may receive the communication and perform enhanced reception of the communication. For example, the UE may use the interference assistance information to reduce and/or suppress interference from the communication.
As shown by reference number 530, the UE may transmit interference assistance feedback. In some aspects, the interference assistance feedback indicates one or more parameters of interference cancelation or suppression based at least in part on the interference assistance information.
In some aspects, the UE may transmit the interference assistance feedback for every slot of the communication and/or every communication. In some aspects, the UE may transmit the interference assistance feedback within every slot or after a number of slots. For example, the UE may transmit an ACK of interference assistance information within each slot that the UE receives the interference assistance information (e.g., first interference assistance feedback). In some aspects, the interference assistance feedback may be split between multiple transmissions on multiple slots. For example, the UE may transmit the interference assistance feedback not only the same report on associated slots, but may also transmit a large feedback message sent on consecutive slots (e.g., feedback on a first slot indicates noise, on a second slot indicates a first kind of interference, and/or on a third slot indicates a second kind of interference).
In some aspects, the UE may transmit an indication of noise observed and/or suppression of the noise (e.g., second interference assistance feedback). The UE may provide interference assistance feedback (e.g., the second interference assistance feedback) after a number of slots (e.g., one or more slots). In some aspects, the interference assistance information transmitted after a number of slots may include an indication of interference measured or otherwise observed. The indication may be based at least in part on an average, over the number of slots, of one or more parameters associated with interference and/or suppression of the interference.
As shown by reference number 535, the UE may receive, and the network node may transmit, an indication of an updated assignment to the second MU-MIMO group and/or updated interference assistance information. In some aspects, the UE may receive an indication of the updated assignment and then may receive the updated interference assistance information (e.g., based at least in part on being associated with the second MU-MIMO group). For example, based at least in part on receiving the updated assignment, the UE may be registered to receive groupcast communications of the second MU-MIMO group, by which the UE may receive the updated interference assistance information.
In some aspects, the network node may indicate the updated MU-MIMO group assignment using an implicit indication, such as an indication of a PMI. In some aspects, the network node may transmit the indication of the updated MU-MIMO group assignment with a granularity of an activity window. The UE may register to groupcast messages associated with the second MU-MIMO group and/or reports associated with the second MU-MIMO group.
In some aspects, the UE and other UEs of the second MU-MIMO group may receive the interference assistance information via a groupcast message associated with the second MU-MIMO group
As shown by reference number 540, the UE may transmit an ACK associated with the indication of the updated assignment to the second MU-MIMO group. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may transmit an ACK associated with the updated interference assistance information.
In some aspects, the UE may receive the indication of the updated assignment to the second MU-MIMO group and may transmit a first ACK associated with the assignment. Once assigned to the second MU-MIMO group, the UE may receive the updated interference assistance information and may transmit a second ACK associated with the updated interference assistance information. In some aspects, the UE may receive the indication of the updated assignment only at the beginning of the activity window and may receive the updated interference assistance information per slot.
As shown by reference number 545, the UE may receive, and the network node may transmit, one or more communications based at least in part on the updated interference assistance information. As also shown by reference number 545, other UEs of the second MU-MIMO group may receive communications based at least in part on the updated interference assistance information.
In some aspects, the UE may receive the communications via a set of time and frequency resources associated with the second MU-MIMO group. The set of time and frequency resources associated with the second MU-MIMO group may be different from a set of time and frequency resources that are associated with the first MU-MIMO group. In some aspects, the communication may include a groupcast message that is transmitted to UEs of the second MU-MIMO group.
Based at least in part on providing interference assistance feedback, the interference assistance information may be improved based at least in part on support for updating assignments to MU-MIMO groups and associated interference assistance information. Based at least in part on the interference assistance information being improved, the UE may conserve power, processing, network, and/or communication resources that may have otherwise been consumed by detecting and/or correct errors associated with interference assistance information that is outdated (e.g., associated with a suboptimal MU-MIMO group assignment). Additionally, or alternatively, based at least in part on the interference assistance information being improved, the UE and the network node may communicate with improved spectral efficiency, cell throughput, and/or cell coverage, among other examples.
As indicated above,
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Process 600 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.
In a first aspect, process 600 includes transmitting an indication of support for one or more interference cancelation operations associated with the interference assistance information, wherein receiving the interference assistance information is based at least in part on transmitting the indication of support.
In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, receiving the interference assistance information and transmitting the interference assistance feedback comprises one or more of receiving the interference assistance information per slot of communication resources, transmitting the interference assistance feedback per slot of communication resources, or transmitting the interference assistance feedback with a periodicity that is greater than one slot.
In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, transmitting the interference assistance feedback comprises transmitting a first interference assistance feedback per slot of communication resources, and transmitting a second interference assistance feedback with a periodicity that is greater than one slot, wherein the second interference assistance feedback includes information associated with multiple slots of communication resources and information associated with interference with the multiple slots of communication resources
In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, process 600 includes receiving, before transmitting the interference assistance feedback, an additional communication based at least in part on the interference assistance information.
In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, receiving the additional communication comprises receiving the additional communication via an additional set of time and frequency resources associated with an additional MU-MIMO group that is different from the MU-MIMO group.
In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, the communication comprises a groupcast message associated with the MU-MIMO group.
In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, process 600 includes receiving, based at least in part on transmitting the interference assistance feedback, additional interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for the communication.
In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, process 600 includes transmitting an indication of a receiver type of the UE, or receiving a configuration of an operating mode for communication with a network node.
In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, process 600 includes receiving an indication of association with the MU-MIMO group.
In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, process 600 includes transmitting, before receiving the communication, an acknowledgment of the indication of associated with the MU-MIMO group.
In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through tenth aspects, process 600 includes receiving DCI that indicates the interference assistance information associated with the MU-MIMO group.
In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eleventh aspects, the DCI comprises one or more of interference assistance information associated with the MU-MIMO group, or interference assistance information associated with an additional MU-MIMO group.
In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twelfth aspects, the DCI is comprised in a single DCI message or multiple DCI messages.
Although
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Process 700 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.
In a first aspect, process 700 includes receiving an indication of support for one or more interference cancelation operations associated with the interference assistance information, wherein transmitting the interference assistance information is based at least in part on transmitting the indication of support.
In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, transmitting the interference assistance information and receiving the interference assistance feedback comprises one or more of transmitting the interference assistance information per slot of communication resources, receiving the interference assistance feedback per slot of communication resources, or receiving the interference assistance feedback with a periodicity that is greater than one slot.
In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, process 700 includes transmitting, before receiving the interference assistance feedback, an additional communication based at least in part on the interference assistance information.
In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, transmitting the additional communication comprises transmitting the additional communication via an additional set of time and frequency resources associated with the first MU-MIMO group.
In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, the communication comprises a groupcast message associated with the second MU-MIMO group.
In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, process 700 includes transmitting, based at least in part on receiving the interference assistance feedback, additional interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for the communication.
In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, process 700 includes receiving an indication of a receiver type of the UE, or transmitting a configuration of an operating mode for communication with the network node.
In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, process 700 includes transmitting an indication of association with the second MU-MIMO group.
In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, process 700 includes receiving, before transmitting the communication, an acknowledgment of the indication of associated with the second MU-MIMO group.
In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, process 700 includes transmitting DCI that indicates the interference assistance information associated with the MU-MIMO group.
In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through tenth aspects, the DCI comprises one or more of interference assistance information associated with the MU-MIMO group, or interference assistance information associated with an additional MU-MIMO group.
In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eleventh aspects, the DCI is comprised in a single DCI message or multiple DCI messages.
Although
In some aspects, the apparatus 800 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with
The reception component 802 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 808. The reception component 802 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 800. In some aspects, the reception component 802 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples), and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 800. In some aspects, the reception component 802 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the UE described in connection with
The transmission component 804 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 808. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 800 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 804 for transmission to the apparatus 808. In some aspects, the transmission component 804 may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples), and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 808. In some aspects, the transmission component 804 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a modulator, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the UE described in connection with
The communication manager 806 may support operations of the reception component 802 and/or the transmission component 804. For example, the communication manager 806 may receive information associated with configuring reception of communications by the reception component 802 and/or transmission of communications by the transmission component 804. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 806 may generate and/or provide control information to the reception component 802 and/or the transmission component 804 to control reception and/or transmission of communications.
The reception component 802 may receive interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for one or more communications. The transmission component 804 may transmit interference assistance feedback that indicates one or more parameters of interference cancelation or suppression based at least in part on the interference assistance information. The reception component 802 may receive a communication within a set of time and frequency resources associated with a MU-MIMO group, the MU-MIMO group associated with the interference assistance feedback.
The transmission component 804 may transmit an indication of support for one or more interference cancelation operations associated with the interference assistance information wherein receiving the interference assistance information is based at least in part on transmitting the indication of support.
The reception component 802 may receive, before transmitting the interference assistance feedback, an additional communication based at least in part on the interference assistance information.
The reception component 802 may receive, based at least in part on transmitting the interference assistance feedback, additional interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for the communication.
The transmission component 804 may transmit an indication of a receiver type of the UE.
The reception component 802 may receive a configuration of an operating mode for communication with a network node.
The reception component 802 may receive an indication of association with the MU-MIMO group.
The transmission component 804 may transmit, before receiving the communication, an acknowledgment of the indication of associated with the MU-MIMO group.
The reception component 802 may receive DCI that indicates the interference assistance information associated with the MU-MIMO group.
The number and arrangement of components shown in
In some aspects, the apparatus 900 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with
The reception component 902 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 908. The reception component 902 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 900. In some aspects, the reception component 902 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples), and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 900. In some aspects, the reception component 902 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the network node described in connection with
The transmission component 904 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 908. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 900 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 904 for transmission to the apparatus 908. In some aspects, the transmission component 904 may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples), and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 908. In some aspects, the transmission component 904 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a modulator, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the network node described in connection with
The communication manager 906 may support operations of the reception component 902 and/or the transmission component 904. For example, the communication manager 906 may receive information associated with configuring reception of communications by the reception component 902 and/or transmission of communications by the transmission component 904. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 906 may generate and/or provide control information to the reception component 902 and/or the transmission component 904 to control reception and/or transmission of communications.
The transmission component 904 may transmit, to UEs of a first MU-MIMO group, interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for one or more communications. The reception component 902 may receive, from a UE of the MU-MIMO group, interference assistance feedback that indicates one or more parameters of interference cancelation or suppression based at least in part on the interference assistance information. The transmission component 904 may transmit, to the UE and based at least in part on the interference assistance feedback, a communication within a set of time and frequency resources associated with a second MU-MIMO group.
The reception component 902 may receive an indication of support for one or more interference cancelation operations associated with the interference assistance information wherein transmitting the interference assistance information is based at least in part on transmitting the indication of support.
The transmission component 904 may transmit, before receiving the interference assistance feedback, an additional communication based at least in part on the interference assistance information.
The transmission component 904 may transmit, based at least in part on receiving the interference assistance feedback, additional interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for the communication.
The reception component 902 may receive an indication of a receiver type of the UE.
The transmission component 904 may transmit a configuration of an operating mode for communication with the network node.
The transmission component 904 may transmit an indication of association with the second MU-MIMO group.
The reception component 902 may receive, before transmitting the communication, an acknowledgment of the indication of associated with the second MU-MIMO group.
The transmission component 904 may transmit DCI that indicates the interference assistance information associated with the MU-MIMO group.
The number and arrangement of components shown in
The following provides an overview of some Aspects of the present disclosure:
Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for one or more communications; transmitting interference assistance feedback that indicates one or more parameters of interference cancelation or suppression based at least in part on the interference assistance information; and receiving a communication within a set of time and frequency resources associated with a multiple user (MU)-multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) group, the MU-MIMO group associated with the interference assistance feedback.
Aspect 2: The method of Aspect 1, further comprising transmitting an indication of support for one or more interference cancelation operations associated with the interference assistance information, wherein receiving the interference assistance information is based at least in part on transmitting the indication of support.
Aspect 3: The method of any of Aspects 1-2, wherein receiving the interference assistance information and transmitting the interference assistance feedback comprises one or more of: receiving the interference assistance information per slot of communication resources; transmitting the interference assistance feedback per slot of communication resources; or transmitting the interference assistance feedback with a periodicity that is greater than one slot.
Aspect 4: The method of Aspect 3, wherein transmitting the interference assistance feedback comprises: transmitting a first interference assistance feedback per slot of communication resources; and transmitting a second interference assistance feedback with a periodicity that is greater than one slot, wherein the second interference assistance feedback includes information associated with multiple slots of communication resources and information associated with interference with the multiple slots of communication resources
Aspect 5: The method of any of Aspects 1-4, further comprising: receiving, before transmitting the interference assistance feedback, an additional communication based at least in part on the interference assistance information.
Aspect 6: The method of Aspect 4, wherein receiving the additional communication comprises: receiving the additional communication via an additional set of time and frequency resources associated with an additional MU-MIMO group that is different from the MU-MIMO group.
Aspect 7: The method of any of Aspects 1-6, wherein the communication comprises a groupcast message associated with the MU-MIMO group.
Aspect 8: The method of any of Aspects 1-7, further comprising: receiving, based at least in part on transmitting the interference assistance feedback, additional interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for the communication.
Aspect 9: The method of any of Aspects 1-8, further comprising: transmitting an indication of a receiver type of the UE, or receiving a configuration of an operating mode for communication with a network node.
Aspect 10: The method of any of Aspects 1-9, further comprising: receiving an indication of association with the MU-MIMO group.
Aspect 11: The method of Aspect 10, further comprising: transmitting, before receiving the communication, an acknowledgment of the indication of associated with the MU-MIMO group.
Aspect 12: The method of any of Aspects 1-11, further comprising: receiving downlink control information (DCI) that indicates the interference assistance information associated with the MU-MIMO group.
Aspect 13: The method of Aspect 12, wherein the DCI comprises one or more of: interference assistance information associated with the MU-MIMO group, or interference assistance information associated with an additional MU-MIMO group.
Aspect 14: The method of Aspect 12, wherein the DCI is comprised in a single DCI message or multiple DCI messages.
Aspect 15: A method of wireless communication performed by a network node, comprising: transmitting, to user equipments (UEs) of a first multiple user (MU)-multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) group, interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for one or more communications; receiving, from a UE of the MU-MIMO group, interference assistance feedback that indicates one or more parameters of interference cancelation or suppression based at least in part on the interference assistance information; and transmitting, to the UE and based at least in part on the interference assistance feedback. a communication within a set of time and frequency resources associated with a second MU-MIMO group.
Aspect 16: The method of Aspect 15, further comprising receiving an indication of support for one or more interference cancelation operations associated with the interference assistance information, wherein transmitting the interference assistance information is based at least in part on transmitting the indication of support.
Aspect 17: The method of any of Aspects 15-16, wherein transmitting the interference assistance information and receiving the interference assistance feedback comprises one or more of: transmitting the interference assistance information per slot of communication resources; receiving the interference assistance feedback per slot of communication resources; or receiving the interference assistance feedback with a periodicity that is greater than one slot.
Aspect 18: The method of any of Aspects 15-17, further comprising: transmitting, before receiving the interference assistance feedback, an additional communication based at least in part on the interference assistance information.
Aspect 19: The method of Aspect 18, wherein transmitting the additional communication comprises: transmitting the additional communication via an additional set of time and frequency resources associated with the first MU-MIMO group.
Aspect 20: The method of any of Aspects 15-19, wherein the communication comprises a groupcast message associated with the second MU-MIMO group.
Aspect 21: The method of any of Aspects 15-20, further comprising: transmitting, based at least in part on receiving the interference assistance feedback. additional interference assistance information associated with interference cancelation or suppression for the communication.
Aspect 22: The method of any of Aspects 15-21, further comprising: receiving an indication of a receiver type of the UE, or transmitting a configuration of an operating mode for communication with the network node.
Aspect 23: The method of any of Aspects 15-22, further comprising: transmitting an indication of association with the second MU-MIMO group.
Aspect 24: The method of Aspect 23, further comprising: receiving, before transmitting the communication, an acknowledgment of the indication of associated with the second MU-MIMO group.
Aspect 25: The method of any of Aspects 15-24, comprising: transmitting downlink control information (DCI) that indicates the interference assistance information associated with the MU-MIMO group.
Aspect 26: The method of Aspect 25, wherein the DCI comprises one or more of: interference assistance information associated with the MU-MIMO group, or interference assistance information associated with an additional MU-MIMO group.
Aspect 27: The method of Aspect 25, wherein the DCI is comprised in a single DCI message or multiple DCI messages.
Aspect 28: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-27.
Aspect 29: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors configured to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-27.
Aspect 30: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more of Aspects 1-27.
Aspect 31: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-27.
Aspect 32: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-27.
The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the aspects.
As used herein, the term “component” is intended to be broadly construed as hardware and/or a combination of hardware and software. “Software” shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, and/or functions, among other examples, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. As used herein, a “processor” is implemented in hardware and/or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that systems and/or methods described herein may be implemented in different forms of hardware and/or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and/or methods is not limiting of the aspects. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems and/or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, since those skilled in the art will understand that software and hardware can be designed to implement the systems and/or methods based, at least in part, on the description herein.
As used herein, “satisfying a threshold” may, depending on the context, refer to a value being greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, or the like.
When “a processor” or “one or more processors” (or recites similar language, such as “a controller” or “one or more controllers”) is described as performing multiple operations or is configured to perform multiple operations (within the same claim or across multiple different claims), this language is intended to broadly cover a variety of processor architectures and environments. For example, unless explicitly claimed otherwise (e.g., via the use of “first processor” and “second processor” or other language that differentiates processors in the claims), this language is intended to cover a single processor performing or being configured to perform all of the operations, a group of processors collectively performing or being configured to perform all of the operations, a first processor performing or being configured to perform a first operation and a second processor performing or being configured to perform a second operation, or any combination of processors performing or being configured to perform the operations. For example, when a claim has the form “one or more processors configured to: perform X; perform Y; and perform Z,” that claim should be interpreted to mean “one or more processors configured to perform X; one or more (possibly different) processors configured to perform Y; and one or more (also possibly different) processors configured to perform Z.”
Even though particular combinations of features are recited in the claims and/or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims and/or disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the claim set. As used herein, a phrase referring to “at least one of” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c, and a+b+c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., a+a, a+a+a, a+a+b, a+a+c, a+b+b, a+c+c, b+b, b+b+b, b+b+c, c+c, and c+c+c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).
No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Further, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items referenced in connection with the article “the” and may be used interchangeably with “the one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Where only one item is intended, the phrase “only one” or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, the terms “has,” “have,” “having,” or the like are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit an element that they modify (e.g., an element “having” A may also have B). Further, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based, at least in part, on” unless explicitly stated otherwise. Also, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used in a series and may be used interchangeably with “and/or,” unless explicitly stated otherwise (e.g., if used in combination with “either” or “only one of”).