The present invention relates to a container for flowable materials, mateably engageable laterally and vertically with like containers. Connections are provided whereby successive containers may be joined to create furniture, building structures, and other useful structures.
The disadvantages of landfilling solid consumable waste, and plastic containers in particular, are well known. A common alternative is to recycle containers, by collecting, sorting, and reprocessing the material, as by grinding, melting, and molding. There are numerous problems with recycling plastics, however. These include the need to carefully sort different types of plastic, the cost of transporting the material to a reprocessing site, the high energy required for melting and reprocessing the material, and the difficulties associated with separating biodegradeable plastics, or plastics containing dyes or additives.
These problems are avoided when a container is reused. A challenge remains, however, to find sufficient demand for containers in their existing form, so that large numbers of them may be reused. Various approaches have been proposed, including forming toy building blocks in U.S. Pat. No. 7,175,498 to Garpow et al, and D349046 to Brown, barrier walls in U.S. Patent Publication 2006-0261063 A1 to Grosso, displays and furniture in U.S. Pat. No. 5,154,295 to Stoner, and sheds in U.S. Pat. No. 4,624,383 to Moore.
In Garpow and Brown, the utility of the containers are limited in that the containers may be joined by mating portions, but are easily separated. In Grosso and Moore, the lateral sides of the container contain portions which mate and interlock, thus enabling a wider variety of structures to be formed. In Grosso, however, there is no integral interlocking vertical connection. In Stoner, cans are threaded together vertically, but are not formed with lateral interconnections. In U.S. Pat. No. 6,276,549 to Fasci et al, vertical and lateral connections are made by snap fastening, but are thus relatively easily pulled apart, as compared to the interlocking connections of Grosso, Moore, or Stoner. In Moore, a vertical threaded connection is disclosed, as well as lateral interconnections on two sides of a container.
Thus, the prior art provides for lateral connections, and a limited set of vertical connections, but no other connection possibilities. As such, the range of items that can be fabricated in the prior art is too limited. Hence, while the containers disclosed in the cited references present some potential for reuse, there remains considerable demand for a more versatile, and thus more sought after container, as evidenced by the relatively small percentage of containers that are reused today. It is accordingly an object of the invention to provide a container with high vertical and lateral connection strength, and an alternative form of connection which increases the range of shapes and structures which may be created, thereby affording additional uses, whereby a much greater incidence of reuse is realized.
In accordance with the invention, a container is provided for containing flowable materials, such as liquids, pourable solids, and gases. It is a goal of the invention to provide a container which is favored by consumers, whereby consumable producers are motivated to switch from non-reusable containers to containers in accordance with the invention, whereby the environmental benefits of reuse may be realized.
Accordingly, the container may be of any useable size, but embodiments sized in the range of popular consumer containers are advantageous. The container may be formed from a wide variety of materials, including paper, wood, pressed pulp, plastic, metal, or plasticised or plastic coated material. Plastic is a preferred material for drink containers, and thus the container of the present invention is advantageously made with plastic, for its acceptability from a consumer standpoint, for its physical properties with respect to manufacturing, and for its structural strength and durability.
The body of the container may have any of a variety of shapes with an internal volume. Advantageous shapes include those most commonly found for containers of consumer products, including elongated cylindrical or rectangular configurations. The latter has the additional advantage of imparting addition strength to an assemblage of containers.
In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, at least two lateral mating and interlocking portions extend along the side of a container. Interlocking designs include dovetails, or any other shaped profile which engages in a like manner. Specifically, in accordance with the invention, an elongated engaging portion of one container slideably engages an elongated engaging portion of another container along the vertical axis of the container. Containers thus joined cannot be separated by applying a force perpendicular to the vertical axis without deformation or damage to the engaging portions. To facilitate repetitive interlocking on all four sides with a single container design, it is advantageous to have opposing sides that are either both male engaging, or both female engaging.
In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, a spout is formed at a leading end of the container, terminating with a threaded engaging ring. A threaded cap may be applied to the engaging ring to seal the container. An inversion, or aperture is formed at the trailing end of the container, extending into the interior of the container, sized sufficiently large to rotatably receive a spout from the leading end of a second mating container. A threaded receiving ring is disposed at the terminal end of the inwardly extending aperture, operative to threadably engage the engaging ring at the leading end of the second container. In this manner, like containers may be attached end to end, or vertically, one to the other, in a secure manner. The shape of the spout may be any of a variety of shapes, including conical, semispherical, and tubular, or the spout may be eliminated, whereby the engaging ring is disposed proximate the leading end of the container, and the receiving ring is disposed proximate the trailing end of the container.
In another embodiment of the invention, an threaded cap attached to the leading end of the container is sized and shaped to slideably engage an elongated engaging portion of another container, along the vertical axis of the other container. Thus, a perpendicular connection is formable, whereby a much greater variety of structures may be created.
Structures are formed by connecting successive containers together, vertically, laterally, and perpendicularly, in order to achieve the desired configuration. Additional strength and thickness may be generated by combining multiple lateral layers.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, an additional or alternative connection is formed on the lateral leading and terminating portions of the container. A portion of a coupling is formed partly within the trailing end of a first container, and a portion is formed partly within the leading end of a second container. When containers are positioned end to end, a structure results that is sized and shaped to receive a cap. When a cap is positioned over the two portions, successive containers are secured to each other, vertically, and are also prevented from rotating with respect to each other.
Further in accordance with the invention, an end wall may be provided at the terminal end of the inwardly extending aperture at the trailing end of the container. The wall is operative to retain flowable materials within the container. The wall may be provided with a weakened portion, whereby the wall may be easily pierced, split, pushed aside or removed, as by pushing with a finger, rod, or other object. In so doing, containers connected vertically as described above may be coupled to a supply of flowable material, using threaded connectors or adapters, and the connected containers thus used in the manner of piping to convey the flowable materials from a source to a destination. Further, end wall portions of the lateral couplings described above may also be provided with weakened portions, whereby the flowable material may be tapped at various points along the pipe.
A more complete understanding of the present invention, and the attendant advantages and features thereof, will be more readily understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein:
Referring now to the figures in which like reference numerals refer to like elements, an exemplary container 10 in accordance with the invention is illustrated in
Accordingly, the container may be of any useable size, but embodiments sized in the range of popular consumer containers would be advantageous. The container may be formed from a wide variety of materials, including paper, wood, pressed pulp, plastic, metal, or plasticised or plastic coated material. Plastic is a preferred material for drink containers, and thus the container of the present invention is advantageously made with plastic, both for its acceptability from a consumer standpoint, for its physical properties with respect to manufacturing, and for its structural strength and durability.
The body of the container may have any of a variety of shapes with an internal volume. Advantageous shapes include those most commonly found for containers of consumer products, including elongated cylindrical or rectangular configurations. The latter has the additional advantage of imparting addition strength to an assemblage of containers. A container in accordance with the invention may be advantageously formed in a triangular shape, as well as in shapes having more than four sides.
In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, and with further reference to
For male interlocking portions, a connecting member extends outwardly from the side of the container, and conversely, for female interlocking portions, a connecting member extends into the interior of the container. In each case, the extension has a narrow region close to the container side, and a wider portion further away from the container side.
Containers thus joined cannot be separated by applying a force perpendicular to the vertical axis without deformation or damage to the interlocking portions. To facilitate repetitive interlocking on all four sides with a single container design, it is advantageous to have two sides that are male engaging, such as interlocking portions 14,14a, and two sides that are female engaging, such as interlocking portions 16,16a. In the figures, opposite sides of the container have like interlocking portions. It is additionally possible to enable continuous lateral connections where two adjacent sides have male engaging portions, and the remaining two adjacent sides have female engaging portions. Where more limited lateral connections are acceptable, an engaging portion may be formed on one side of the container, however a male style and a female style container would be required. For containers with two engaging portions, it is advantageous to have one engaging portion be male, and the other female, in order that a single container style will suffice for lateral connections.
In the figures, interlocking portions 14,16 extend from a leading end 100 of container 10 to trailing end 102. It should be understood, however, that interlocking portions 14,16 may extend transversely, and thus perpendicular to an axis passing through the leading and trailing ends of the container, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, and with reference to
In this manner, like containers may be attached end to end, or vertically, one to the other, in a secure manner, as shown in
Referring again to
In addition, the side 86 of cap 28 has a tapered profile, wherein side 86 is narrowest proximate leading end 100, and widest distal to leading end 100. Accordingly, the diameter of cap 28 is widest distal to leading end 100, and narrower proximal to leading end 100. A profile thus formed, is operative to conform closely to and engage the inner surface of dovetail extensions 82,84 of interlocking portions 16,16a at the narrower diameter or wider diameter, and optimally at both diameters.
In a further embodiment, the outside dimensions of cap 28 and or side 86 is eccentric, whereby the diameter of cap 28 is not uniform, but rather gradually widens, achieving the widest diameter perpendicular to flat portions 28a,28b.
With reference to
It should be understood that, in accordance with the invention, it is not necessary that cap 28 has a gradually widening diameter, or a side 86 profile that closely conforms to that of dovetail extensions 82,84. A secure connection may be achieved with a partially conforming side 86 profile, and with a uniform cap 28 diameter, as can be seen if
Referring now to
With reference to
Additional strength and thickness may be generated by combining multiple lateral layers, as shown in
With reference to
The threaded connection between engaging ring 26 and receiving ring 32 advantageously forms a gas or liquid tight seal between successive containers. In one embodiment, the seal is formed along the periphery of end wall 56 at 32a, although a seal may alternatively be formed below end wall 56 at 32b, closer to or at trailing end 102.
Accordingly, containers connected vertically as described above may be coupled to a supply of flowable material, using threaded connectors or adapters, and the connected containers thus used in the manner of piping to convey the flowable materials from a source to a destination.
Connected as described above, containers in accordance with the present invention may be used to form a variety of structures, including but not limited to furniture, sheds, animal shelters, emergency shelters, berms, dividers, walls, cabinets, bumpers, cushions, floating structures, and boxes.
Piping structures include, as examples, landscape or irrigation piping, solar heating structures, fluid or gas reservoirs, and potable or sanitation water conduits. Containers may be cut transversely to form a cup or receptacle, whose surface area may be increased through lateral connections. A combination of lateral and vertical connections, in combination with transverse cuts as described, can be used to collect liquids or gases and conduct them to a collection point, for example to collect rainwater, or to concentrate gas production from decomposing farm waste. It should be emphasized that the present invention is not limited to the uses described above, but may be adapted to a variety of uses not described herein.
Due to the very low cost of containers in accordance with the invention, it is possible to construct structures which would otherwise be unfeasible in many communities, and thus may significantly improve a standard of living therein, thereby reducing human suffering. Containers may be collected in communities where they were initially used to contain a consumer product, and thereafter transported in bulk to communities where they may be used as described herein.
All references cited herein are expressly incorporated by reference in their entirety. In addition, unless mention was made above to the contrary, it should be noted that all of the accompanying drawings are not to scale. There are many different features to the present invention and it is contemplated that these features may be used together or separately. Thus, the invention should not be limited to any particular combination of features or to a particular application of the invention. Further, it should be understood that variations and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention might occur to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains. Accordingly, all expedient modifications readily attainable by one versed in the art from the disclosure set forth herein that are within the scope and spirit of the present invention are to be included as further embodiments of the present invention.
Commonly assigned application Ser. No. 11/839,256 discloses a reusable container embodying certain aspects of the present invention, and is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.