Patent Application
20060037582
This nonprovisional application is based on Japanese Patent Applications Nos. 2004-242530 and 2004-306935 filed with the Japan Patent Office on Aug. 23, 2004 and Oct. 21, 2004, respectively, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to an internal combustion engine including a port injection valve injecting a fuel into an intake port and an in-cylinder injection valve injecting a fuel into a combustion chamber.
2. Description of the Background Art
An internal combustion engine including a port injection valve injecting a fuel into an intake port and an in-cylinder injection valve injecting a fuel into a combustion chamber, in which the fuel is injected from the port injection valve and the in-cylinder injection valve at an injection ratio determined in accordance with an operation condition, that is, a double injection type internal combustion engine, has been developed. For example, Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2001-20837 discloses such an internal combustion engine.
In present days, when an internal combustion engine is used for a vehicle, in many cases, an air-fuel ratio sensor is provided in an exhaust pipe and a fuel injection quantity is subjected to feedback correction such that an air-fuel ratio is set to a prescribed value based on an output of the air-fuel ratio sensor. Here, it is the air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas generated as a result of combustion of the fuel in the combustion chamber that the air-fuel ratio sensor detects.
When two fuel injection valves inject the fuel, the air-fuel ratio as described above represents the air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas which is a mixture of exhaust gas generated as a result of combustion of the fuel injected from the port injection valve and exhaust gas generated as a result of combustion of the fuel injected from the in-cylinder injection valve. Therefore, a feedback correction amount calculated based on this air-fuel ratio is the sum of a correction amount for the fuel injected from the port injection valve and a correction amount for the fuel injected from the in-cylinder injection valve.
As such, in order to subject both fuel injection valves to feedback correction, an appropriate feedback correction amount for each fuel injection valve should be set. Otherwise, combustion fluctuation occurs, and a driver may feel uncomfortable or unpleasant.
According to the apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2001-20837, however, feedback correction of the fuel injection quantity is neither mentioned nor disclosed.
In addition, though an apparatus according to Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2-153241 has two fuel injection valves, it is one fuel injection valve that is subjected to feedback correction. That is, this publication does not disclose a ratio between feedback correction amounts for the two injection valves.
In view of the problems described above, the present invention aims to optimize a feedback correction amount for each fuel injection valve when a fuel injection quantity is subjected to feedback correction based on an output from an air-fuel ratio sensor in an internal combustion engine having a port injection valve and an in-cylinder injection valve.
According to the present invention, there is provided an internal combustion engine including a port injection valve injecting a fuel into an intake port and an in-cylinder injection valve injecting a fuel into a combustion chamber, in which the fuel is injected from the port injection valve and the in-cylinder injection valve at a ratio determined in accordance with an operation condition, an air-fuel ratio of an exhaust gas is detected by an air-fuel ratio sensor, and a fuel injection quantity is subjected to feedback correction based on an output from the air-fuel ratio sensor. In the internal combustion engine, an injection quantity ratio between a port injection quantity and an in-cylinder injection quantity is calculated, and a ratio between a feedback correction amount for port injection and a feedback correction amount for in-cylinder injection is determined based on the calculated injection quantity ratio.
In the internal combustion engine configured as above, a ratio between the feedback correction amount for port injection and the feedback correction amount for in-cylinder injection is determined based on the injection quantity ratio between the port injection quantity and the in-cylinder injection quantity.
Preferably, a ratio between the feedback correction amount for port injection and the feedback correction amount for in-cylinder injection is set equal to the injection quantity ratio.
More preferably, if the feedback correction amount is small, feedback correction solely for the injection valve attaining larger injection quantity is carried out.
More preferably, when the injection quantity is equal to or smaller than a minimum injection quantity of an injection valve as a result of feedback correction, feedback correction for that injection valve is prohibited.
More preferably, in an operation region where knocking is likely, a ratio between the in-cylinder injection quantity and the port injection quantity is set in advance such that the in-cylinder injection quantity is larger than the port injection quantity. Each feedback correction amount is determined such that a difference between a ratio of the in-cylinder injection quantity and a ratio of the port injection quantity after addition of the feedback correction amount to total injection quantity is smaller than before addition of the feedback correction amount.
According to the invention described above, the feedback correction amount for in-cylinder injection and the feedback correction amount for port injection are determined based on the injection quantity ratio, whereby significant deviation from the injection quantity ratio is not likely. Therefore, occurrence of combustion fluctuation is prevented, and the driver does not feel uncomfortable or unpleasant.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an internal combustion engine including a port injection valve injecting a fuel into an intake port and an in-cylinder injection valve injecting a fuel into a combustion chamber, in which the fuel is injected from the port injection valve and the in-cylinder injection valve at a ratio determined in accordance with an operation condition, an air-fuel ratio of an exhaust gas is detected by an air-fuel ratio sensor, and a fuel injection quantity is subjected to feedback correction based on an output from the air-fuel ratio sensor. In the internal combustion engine, air-fuel ratio difference representing difference between a target air-fuel ratio and an actual air-fuel ratio is calculated. Based on the calculated air-fuel ratio difference, excessive/insufficient fuel in in-cylinder injection and excessive/insufficient fuel in port injection are calculated. The calculated excessive/insufficient fuel in in-cylinder injection is multiplied by in-cylinder injection feedback gain to calculate an in-cylinder injection correction amount, and the calculated excessive/insufficient fuel in port injection is multiplied by port injection feedback gain to calculate a port injection correction amount. The in-cylinder injection feedback gain and the port injection feedback gain are set separately.
The excessive/insufficient fuel obtained based on the air-fuel ratio difference as described above is divided into excessive/insufficient fuel in in-cylinder injection and excessive/insufficient fuel in port injection, which are multiplied by the in-cylinder injection feedback gain and the port injection feedback gain respectively so as to calculate the in-cylinder injection amount and the port injection correction amount respectively. Here, the in-cylinder injection feedback gain and the port injection feedback gain are set separately.
Preferably, total excessive/insufficient fuel is calculated based on the calculated air-fuel ratio difference, and the total excessive/insufficient fuel is divided into the excessive/insufficient fuel in in-cylinder injection and the excessive/insufficient fuel in port injection in accordance with a predetermined ratio.
More preferably, when air-fuel ratio difference representing difference between a target air-fuel ratio and an actual air-fuel ratio is obtained and excessive/insufficient fuel in in-cylinder injection and excessive/insufficient fuel in port injection are calculated based on the air-fuel ratio difference, delay in in-cylinder injection due to a distance between the in-cylinder injection valve and the air-fuel ratio sensor and delay in port injection due to a distance between the port injection valve and the air-fuel ratio sensor are taken into consideration, thereby attaining high accuracy.
According to the invention described above, feedback correction gain for in-cylinder injection and feedback correction gain for port injection are determined separately. Therefore, occurrence of combustion fluctuation is prevented, and the driver does not feel uncomfortable or unpleasant.
In particular, if delay in in-cylinder injection due to a distance between the in-cylinder injection valve and the air-fuel ratio sensor and delay in port injection due to a distance between the port injection valve and the air-fuel ratio sensor are taken into consideration when the air-fuel ratio difference representing difference between a target air-fuel ratio and an actual air-fuel ratio is obtained and excessive/insufficient fuel in in-cylinder injection and excessive/insufficient fuel in port injection are calculated based on the air-fuel ratio difference, high accuracy is attained.
The foregoing and other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
An embodiment of the present invention will be described hereinafter with reference to the drawings.
A spark ignition type internal combustion engine 1 includes a cylinder head 1a and a cylinder block 1b. Cylinder head 1a includes an intake port 5, an exhaust port 6, an intake valve 7, an exhaust valve 8, and a spark plug 40. Spark plug 40 is supplied with a high-voltage current by a spark coil 41.
A piston 2 coupled to a crankshaft 3 carries out reciprocating motion within cylinder block 1b, so that a combustion chamber 1c is formed between piston 2 and cylinder head 1a. In addition, a crank angle sensor 52 is attached to cylinder block 1b, so that the engine speed is calculated based on a signal from crank angle sensor 52.
In
An intake pipe 10 is connected to intake port 5, and an air cleaner 11 is attached to an upstream end of intake pipe 10. An airflow meter 51 for detecting an intake air quantity is disposed immediately downstream of air cleaner 11. A throttle valve 12 is disposed downstream of airflow meter 51. Throttle valve 12 is driven by a throttle motor 13. Meanwhile, an accelerator pedal sensor 50 for detecting a degree of press-down of an accelerator pedal 14 is provided as an annex to accelerator pedal 14, so that an opening position of throttle valve 12 is modified by throttle motor 13 in accordance with the degree of press-down of accelerator pedal 14 detected by accelerator pedal sensor 50.
An exhaust pipe 20 is connected to exhaust port 6, and a three-way catalyst 21 is arranged in exhaust pipe 20. A first air-fuel ratio sensor 22 is arranged in the vicinity of the upstream side of three-way catalyst 21, and a second air-fuel ratio sensor 23 is arranged in the vicinity of the downstream side of the same. The exhaust gas generated in combustion chamber 1c flows through exhaust port 6 having a flow path opened and closed by exhaust valve 8, and is guided to exhaust pipe 20, through which the exhaust gas is purified by three-way catalyst 21 and thereafter emitted.
Then, according to the present invention, the injection quantity of the fuel injected from port injection valve 31 and in-cylinder injection valve 32 is subjected to feedback correction, in order to obtain a prescribed air-fuel ratio based on outputs from first air-fuel ratio sensor 22 and second air-fuel ratio sensor 23.
An electronic control unit 100 (hereinafter, referred to as ECU) is implemented by connecting an input port 101, an output port 102, a CPU 103, an ROM 104, an RAM 105, and the like to one another via a common bus. ECU 100 receives a signal detected by each sensor, and sends a control signal for control according to the present invention to each actuator.
In the following, feedback correction for fuel injection according to the present invention having a basic hardware structure as described above will be discussed with reference to the flowchart in
At step S1, each parameter such as an air-fuel ratio AF, a reference in-cylinder injection quantity FCB, a reference port injection quantity FPB or the like is read. Reference in-cylinder injection quantity FCB and reference port injection quantity FPB are stored in a map as shown in
At step S2, an in-cylinder injection ratio RC, a port injection ratio RP, and a total correction amount CORRTOTAL are calculated. In-cylinder injection ratio RC is calculated as follows: RC=FCB/(FCB+FPB). Port injection ratio RP is calculated as follows: RP=FPB/(FCB+FPB). Total correction amount CORRTOTAL is calculated based on a difference between an actual air-fuel ratio and a target air-fuel ratio and on the total injection quantity.
Here, reference in-cylinder injection quantity FCB and reference port injection quantity FPB may be obtained by storing the total injection quantity with respect to engine speed NE and air quantity GA, storing the injection ratio (only one is stored and the other can be obtained by subtracting one value from the total) with respect to engine speed NE and air quantity GA, and multiplying the injection ratio by the total injection quantity.
At step S3, in-cylinder injection ratio RC and total correction amount CORRTOTAL obtained at step S2 are multiplied to calculate an in-cylinder injection correction amount CORRC, and port injection ratio RP and total correction amount CORRTOTAL are multiplied to calculate a port injection correction amount CORRP.
At step S4, whether or not the operation state is in a region where knocking is likely is determined. If it is determined as NO, that is, if it is not determined that the operation state is in a region where knocking is likely, the process proceeds to step S6. If it is determined as YES, that is, if it is determined that the operation state is in a region where knocking is likely, step S5 is performed and thereafter the process proceeds to step S6.
At step S5, in-cylinder injection correction amount CORRC is multiplied by a predetermined coefficient α (<1) to obtain new in-cylinder injection correction amount CORRC, and port injection correction amount CORRP is multiplied by a predetermined coefficient β (>1) to obtain new port injection correction amount CORRP.
At step S6, an in-cylinder injection quantity FC including the correction amount and a port injection quantity FP including the correction amount are calculated respectively as follows: FC=FCB+CORRC, FP=FPB+CORRP.
At step S7, whether or not the absolute value of CORRTOTAL is larger than a predetermined value A is determined. If it is determined as YES at step S7, the process proceeds to step S8. If it is determined as NO, the process proceeds to step S14.
If the process proceeds to step. S8, whether or not in-cylinder injection quantity FC including the correction amount is smaller than a minimum injection quantity FCMIN of the in-cylinder injection valve is determined at step S8. If it is determined as YES, the process proceeds to step S9, at which feedback correction for in-cylinder injection is prohibited. Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S11. If it is determined as NO, feedback correction for in-cylinder injection is performed at step S10 and the process proceeds to step S11.
At step S11, whether or not port injection quantity FP including the correction amount is smaller than a minimum injection quantity PMIN of the port injection valve is determined. If it is determined as YES, the process proceeds to step S12, at which feedback correction for port injection is prohibited. Thereafter, the process ends. If it is determined as NO, feedback correction for port injection is performed at step S13 and the process ends.
Meanwhile, if the process proceeds to step S14 as a result of determination as NO at step S7, whether or not in-cylinder injection quantity FC including the correction amount is larger than port injection quantity FP including the correction amount is determined at step S14. If it is determined as YES, the process proceeds to step S15. If it is determined as NO, the process proceeds to step S18.
If the process proceeds to step S15, whether or not in-cylinder injection quantity FC including the correction amount is larger than minimum injection quantity FCMIN of the in-cylinder injection valve is determined at step S15. If it is determined as YES, the process proceeds to step S16, at which feedback correction for in-cylinder injection is performed. Thereafter, the process ends. If it is determined as NO, feedback correction for in-cylinder injection is prohibited at step S17 and the process ends.
If the process proceeds to step S18, whether or not port injection quantity FP including the correction amount is larger than minimum injection quantity FPMIN of the port injection valve is determined at step S18. If it is determined as YES, the process proceeds to step S19, at which feedback correction for port injection is performed. Thereafter, the process ends. If it is determined as NO, feedback correction for port injection is prohibited at step S20 and the process ends.
The flowchart described above corresponds to claims as follows:
Supplementary explanation for correspondence between claim 5 and step S5 will be provided.
In the region where knocking is likely, RC:RP, that is, the ratio between reference in-cylinder injection quantity FCB and reference port injection quantity FPB is set, for example, to 8:2. That is, the in-cylinder injection quantity is set to be larger than the port injection quantity. This is because knocking is less likely in in-cylinder injection.
Here, as shown in step S5, in-cylinder injection correction amount CORRC is multiplied by predetermined coefficient α (<1) to obtain new in-cylinder injection correction amount CORRC, and port injection correction amount CORRP is multiplied by predetermined coefficient β (>1) to obtain new port injection correction amount CORRP. Then, the ratio between the in-cylinder injection quantity after addition of the feedback correction amount, i.e., FC=FCB+CORRC, and the port injection quantity after addition of the feedback correction amount, i.e., FP=FPB+CORRP, is modified such that a difference between the ratio of one injection quantity and the ratio of the other injection quantity to the total injection quantity is smaller than before correction. For example, the ratio that has been set to approximately 8:2 is modified to approximately 7:3.
In the following, feedback correction control in the second embodiment having a basic hardware structure as described above will be discussed with reference to the flowchart.
At step S103, in-cylinder injection feedback gain GC under a current operation condition (intake air quantity and engine speed) and port injection feedback gain GP under the current operation condition (intake air quantity and engine speed) are read from maps shown in
The present invention is characterized by the use of separate feedback gains for in-cylinder injection and port injection. As correction adapted to each injection valve is thus performed, great fluctuation due to correction does not take place.
At step S104, in-cylinder injection excessive/insufficient fuel ΔFIC and port injection excessive/insufficient fuel ΔFIP obtained at step S102 are multiplied by in-cylinder injection feedback gain GC and port injection feedback gain GP obtained at step S103 respectively, to calculate an in-cylinder injection correction amount FCORRC and a port injection correction amount FCORRP respectively.
At step S105, in-cylinder injection correction amount FCORRC and port injection correction amount FCORRP calculated at step S104 are added to reference in-cylinder injection quantity FCB and reference port injection quantity FPB at step S105 respectively, to calculate in-cylinder injection quantity FC and port injection quantity FP respectively. Thereafter, fuel injection of calculated in-cylinder injection quantity FC and port injection quantity FP is performed.
Initially, at step S201, air-fuel ratio difference ΔAF is calculated as follows: ΔAF=AFREF−AF. AFREF represents a target air-fuel ratio, and AF represents an actual air-fuel ratio. Actual air-fuel ratio AF represents a value detected by first air-fuel ratio sensor 22. At step S202, excessive/insufficient fuel ΔFI is calculated as follows: ΔFI=QA/ΔAF. Here, QA represents an intake air quantity detected by airflow meter 51.
At step S203, in-cylinder injection ratio RC and port injection ratio RP are obtained. In-cylinder injection ratio RC is read from a map in
Alternatively, reference in-cylinder injection quantity FCB and reference port injection quantity FPB may be stored in advance. Then, in-cylinder injection ratio RC may be calculated as follows: RC=FCB/(FCB+FPB), and port injection ratio RP may be calculated as follows: RP=FPB/(FCB+FPB).
At step S204, excessive/insufficient fuel AFI obtained at step S202 is multiplied by in-cylinder injection ratio RC and port injection ratio RP obtained at step S203, to calculate in-cylinder injection excessive/insufficient fuel AFIC and port injection excessive/insufficient fuel AFIP.
Out of the exhaust gas detected by first air-fuel ratio sensor 22, the exhaust gas generated as a result of combustion of an air-fuel mixture resulted from mixing of the fuel injected by in-cylinder injection valve 32 with the intake air flowing therethrough is transported from in-cylinder injection valve 32 to first air-fuel ratio sensor 22 after the fuel is injected. Similarly, out of the exhaust gas detected by first air-fuel ratio sensor 22, the exhaust gas generated as a result of combustion of an air-fuel mixture resulted from mixing of the fuel injected by port injection valve 31 with the intake air flowing therethrough is transported from port injection valve 31 to first air-fuel ratio sensor 22 after the fuel is injected.
Taking into consideration the above, in the third embodiment, the sub routine at step S102 is as shown in
Step S211 is identical to step S201 in
At step S213, air-fuel ratio difference ΔAF calculated at step S211 is multiplied by in-cylinder injection ratio RC and port injection ratio RP calculated at step S212, to divide air-fuel ratio difference ΔAF into an in-cylinder injection air-fuel ratio difference portion ΔAFC and a port injection air-fuel ratio difference portion ΔAFP.
At step S214, in-cylinder injection intake air quantity QAC and port injection intake air quantity QAP each taking into consideration the delay described above are divided by in-cylinder injection air-fuel ratio difference portion ΔAFC and port injection air-fuel ratio difference portion ΔAFP calculated at step S213 respectively, to calculate in-cylinder injection excessive/insufficient fuel ΔFIC and port injection excessive/insufficient fuel ΔFIP respectively.
In-cylinder injection intake air quantity QAC represents an intake air quantity at a time point backward from the time point of detection of air-fuel ratio AF by the delay time in the case of in-cylinder injection described previously, and port injection intake air quantity QAP represents an intake air quantity at a time point backward from the time point of detection of air-fuel ratio AF by the delay time in the case of port injection described previously.
The delay is different between in-cylinder injection and port injection. The different delay times are stored in advance as a map based on an operation state such as engine speed, load, and the like.
Although the present invention has been described and illustrated in detail, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation, the spirit and scope of the present invention being limited only by the terms of the appended claims.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2004-242530(P) | Aug 2004 | JP | national |
| 2004-306935(P) | Oct 2004 | JP | national |
