Internal Meshing Cylindrical Gear Pair With Constant Meshing Characteristics Constructed Tooth Pair

Abstract

Provided is an internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair includes an external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair and an internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair based on conjugate curves. In the present disclosure, normal tooth profile curves of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair and the internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair are continuous combined curves with the same curve shape, which facilitates machining by the same cutter. A common normal at an inflection point or a tangent point of the continuous combined curve passes through a pitch point of the gear pair, and a position of the inflection point or the tangent point can be adjusted as required, so as to adjust a sliding ratio of the gear pair.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This patent application claims the benefit and priority of Chinese Patent Application No. 202310630490.2, filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on May 31, 2023, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety as part of the present application.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of gear transmission, and in particular, to an internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair, especially an internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair that is formed by an external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair and an internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair as a pair, and has the same normal tooth profile, a constant curvature radius at a meshing point that tends to infinity, a constant sliding ratio, and a constant meshing stiffness.

BACKGROUND

An internal meshing cylindrical gear pair as one of main forms of mechanical transmission functions to keep the same direction of mechanical rotation and transmit power, and decelerate to increase a torque or accelerate to reduce the torque, and is widely used in the fields of high-end equipment, aerospace, precision instruments, and the like. Most of existing internal meshing cylindrical gear pairs are involute gear pairs, which have problems such as large sliding ratio between tooth surfaces and time-varying meshing stiffness, leading to reduction of transmission efficiency, service life and dynamic meshing performance, and the like of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pairs. With the development of science and technology and the popularization in application scenarios, it is difficult for the conventional internal meshing cylindrical gear pairs to meet high performance requirements in the fields of national defense technology, industrial manufacturing, production and life, and the like.

In the paper Research on the basic theory of internal meshing gear drive with curve element constructed tooth pairs, based on the research of the basic theory of conjugate curve meshing, related application work was further performed on an internal meshing gear with a constructed tooth pair, and a basic principle of convex-concave internal meshing gear drive with curve element constructed tooth pairs was established. An internal meshing gear pair with convex teeth and concave teeth constructed in this paper need machining by means of different cutters, which increases a manufacturing cost of the gear pair. Concave and convex tooth profiles lead to a limited curvature radius at a meshing point of the gear pair, thereby limiting further improvement of the bearing capacity of the gear pair. With regard to selection of contact points, tooth surface interference occurs at pitch points, making it difficult to achieve a zero sliding ratio. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an innovative tooth profile design based on an existing design theory of gears with a constructed tooth pair having conjugate curves, so as to improve meshing performance of an internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair and reduce production and manufacturing costs of the gear pair.

SUMMARY

An objective of the present disclosure is to provide an internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair, to solve the aforementioned problems existing in the prior art. The gear pair is formed by an external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair and an internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair that have the same normal tooth profile, with a constant curvature radius at a meshing point that tends to infinity, a constant sliding ratio, and a constant meshing stiffness, and technically features low manufacturing cost, high bearing capacity, high transmission efficiency, low vibration noise, and the like.

To achieve the above objective, the present disclosure provides the following technical solutions.

The present disclosure provides an internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair, including an external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair and an internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair as a pair based on conjugate curves, where a normal tooth profile curve Γ_s1 of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair and a normal tooth profile curve Γ_s2 of the internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair are continuous combined curves Γ_L with the same curve shape, and the continuous combined curves Γ_L include a combined curve Γ_L1 of an odd power function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof, a combined curve Γ_L2 of a sine function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof, a combined curve Γ_L3 of an epicycloid function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof, a combined curve Γ_L4 of an odd power function, a combined curve Γ_L5 is of a sine function, or a combined curve Γ_L6 of an epicycloid function; the continuous combined curve is formed by two continuous curves, a connection point of the two continuous curves is an inflection point or a tangent point of the continuous combined curve, and the inflection point or the tangent point of the continuous combined curve is a designated point located on a meshing force action line of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair; and the normal tooth profile curves are swept along given conjugate curves to obtain tooth surfaces of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair and the internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair.

Preferably, when the continuous combined curve Γ_L is the combined curve Γ_L1 of the odd power function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof, the continuous combined curve Γ_L is formed by an odd power function curve Γ_L12 and a tangent Γ_L11 at an inflection point of the odd power function curve; a rectangular coordinate system is established at the tangent point of the continuous combined curve, and an equation of the combined curve Γ_L1 of the odd power function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof is as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}{\Gamma }_{L11}:x_{10}=t,y_{10}=0\left(t_1\le t<0\right)\\ {\Gamma }_{L12}:x_{10}=t,y_{10}={\mathrm{at}}^{2n-1}\left(0\le t\le t_2\right)\end{array},$

where a parameter/is an independent variable of the equation; t₁ and t₂ are value ranges of the continuous curve; a is a coefficient of the equation; n is a degree of the independent variable and is a positive integer; and x₁₀ and y₁₀ are x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of the combined curve in the rectangular coordinate system, respectively.

Preferably, when the continuous combined curve Γ_L is the combined curve Γ_L2 of the sine function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof, the continuous combined curve Γ_L is formed by a sine function curve Γ_L22 and a tangent Γ_L21 at an inflection point of the sine function curve; a rectangular coordinate system is established at the tangent point of the continuous combined curve, and an equation of the combined curve Γ_L2 of the sine function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof is as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}{\Gamma }_{L21}:x_{20}=t,y_{20}=\mathrm{kt}\left(t_1\le t<0\right)\\ {\Gamma }_{L22}:x_{20}=t,y_{20}=a\sin \left(\mathrm{bt}\right)\left(0\le t\le t_2\right)\end{array},$

where a parameter t is an independent variable of the equation; t₁ and t₂ are value ranges of the continuous curve; a and b are coefficients of the equation; x₂₀ and y₂₀ are x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of the combined curve in the rectangular coordinate system, respectively; and k is a slope of the tangent at the inflection point of the sine function curve.

Preferably, when the continuous combined curve Γ_L is the combined curve Γ_L3 of the epicycloid function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof, the continuous combined curve Γ_L is formed by an epicycloid function curve Γ_L32 and a tangent Γ_L31 at an inflection point of the epicycloid function curve; a rectangular coordinate system is established at the tangent point of the continuous combined curve, and an equation of the combined curve Γ_L3 of the epicycloid function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof is as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{c}{\Gamma }_{L31}:\\ x_{30}=t\\ y_{30}=\mathrm{kt}\left(t_1\le t<0\right)\end{array}\\ \begin{array}{c}{\Gamma }_{L32}:\\ x_{30}=\left(R+r\right)\sin t-e\sin \left(\left(R+r\right)t/r\right)\left(0\le t\le t_2\right)\\ y_{30}=\left(R+r\right)\cos t-e\cos \left(\left(R+r\right)t/r\right)-\left(R+r+e\right)\end{array}\end{array},$

where a parameter t is an independent variable of the equation; t₁ and t₂ are value ranges of the continuous curve; a and b are coefficients of the equation; R and r are radii of a cycloidal moving circle and fixed circle, respectively; e is an eccentric distance; x₃₀ and y₃₀ are x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of the combined curve in the rectangular coordinate system, respectively; and k is a slope of the tangent at the inflection point of the epicycloid function curve.

Preferably, when the continuous combined curve Γ_L is the combined curve Γ_L4 of the odd power function, the continuous combined curve Γ_L is formed by a first odd power function curve Γ_L41 and a second odd power function curve Γ_L42; a rectangular coordinate system is established at the inflection point of the continuous combined curve, and an equation of the combined curve Γ_L4 of the odd power function is as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}{\Gamma }_{L41}:x_{40}=t,y_{40}={\mathrm{at}}^{2n1-1}\left(t_1\le <0\right)\\ {\Gamma }_{L42}:x_{40}=t,y_{40}={\mathrm{bt}}^{2n2-1}\left(0\le t\le t_2\right)\end{array},$

where a parameter t is an independent variable of the equation; t₁ and t₂ are value ranges of the continuous curve; a and b are coefficients of the equation; n1 and n2 are degrees of the independent variable and are positive integers; and x₄₀ and y₄₀ are x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of the combined curve in the rectangular coordinate system, respectively.

Preferably, when the continuous combined curve Γ_L is the combined curve Γ_L5 of the sine function, the continuous combined curve Γ_L is formed by a first sine function curve Γ_L51 and a second sine function curve Γ_L52; a rectangular coordinate system is established at the inflection point of the continuous combined curve, and an equation of the combined curve Γ_L5 of the sine function is as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}{\Gamma }_{L51}:x_{50}=t,y_{50}=a_1\sin \left(b_{1}t\right)\left(t_1\le t<0\right)\\ {\Gamma }_{L52}:x_{50}=t,y_{50}=a_2\sin \left(b_{2}t\right)\left(0\le t\le t_2\right)\end{array},$

where a parameter t is an independent variable of the equation; t₁ and t₂ are value ranges of the continuous curve; a₁, b₁, a₂ and b₂ are coefficients of the equation; and x₅₀ and y₅₀ are x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of the combined curve in the rectangular coordinate system, respectively.

Preferably, when the continuous combined curve Γ_L is the combined curve Γ_L6 of the epicycloid function, the continuous combined curve Γ_L is formed by a first epicycloid function curve Γ_L61 and a second epicycloid function curve Γ_L62; a rectangular coordinate system is established at the inflection point of the continuous combined curve, and an equation of the combined curve Γ_L6 of the epicycloid function is as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{c}{\Gamma }_{L61}:\\ x_{60}=-\left(R_1+r_1\right)\sin t+e\sin \left(\left(R_1+r_1\right)t/r_1\right)\left(t_1\le t<0\right)\\ y_{60}=-\left(R_1+r_1\right)\cos t+e\cos \left(\left(R_1+r_1\right)t/r_1\right)-\left(R_1+r_1-e\right)\end{array}\\ \begin{array}{c}{\Gamma }_{L62}:\\ x_{60}=\left(R_2+r_2\right)\sin t-e\sin \left(\left(R_2+r_2\right)t/r_2\right)\left(0\le t\le t_2\right)\\ y_{60}=\left(R_2+r_2\right)\cos t-e\cos \left(\left(R_2+r_2\right)t/r_2\right)-\left(R_2+r_2+e\right)\end{array}\end{array},$

where a parameter t is an independent variable of the equation; t₁ and t₂ are value ranges of the continuous curve; R₁ and r₁ are radii of a first epicycloid moving circle and fixed circle, respectively, and R₂ and r₂ are radii of a second epicycloid moving circle and fixed circle, respectively; e is an eccentric distance; and x₆₀ and y₆₀ are x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of the combined curve in the rectangular coordinate system, respectively.

Preferably, a curve equation of the normal tooth profile curve Γ_s1 of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair obtained by rotating the continuous combined curve Γ_L around an origin of the rectangular coordinate system by an angle α₁ is as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}{x}_{01}=x_{n0}\cos {\alpha }_1-y_{n0}\sin {\alpha }_1\\ y_{01}=x_{n0}\sin {\alpha }_1+y_{n0}\cos {\alpha }_1\end{array}\left(n=1,2,3,4,5,6\right),$

where x₀₁ and y₀₁ are x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of the normal tooth profile curve of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair in the rectangular coordinate system, respectively.

Preferably, a curve equation of the normal tooth profile curve Γ_s2 of the internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair obtained by rotating the normal tooth profile curve Γ_s1 of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair around the origin of the rectangular coordinate system by an angle of 180° is as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}{x}_{02}=x_{01}\cos \left(180°\right)-y_{01}\sin \left(180°\right)\\ y_{02}=x_{01}\sin \left(180°\right)+y_{01}\cos \left(180°\right)\end{array},$

where x₀₂ and y₀₂ are x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of the normal tooth profile curve of the internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair in the rectangular coordinate system, respectively.

Preferably, a tooth surface Σ₁ of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair is obtained by sweeping the normal tooth profile curve Γ_s1 of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair along a given helix, with a tooth surface equation as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}{x}_{\sum 1}=x_{01}\cos {\phi }_1-y_{01}\cos \beta \sin {\phi }_1+r_{01}\cos {\phi }_1\\ y_{\sum 1}=x_{01}\sin {\phi }_1+y_{01}\cos \beta \cos {\phi }_1+r_{01}\sin {\phi }_1\\ z_{\sum 1}=r_{01}{\phi }_1\cot \beta -y_{01}\sin \beta \end{array},$

where x_Σ1, y_Σ1 and z_Σ1 are coordinate values of the tooth surface of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair, respectively; β is a helix angle of the gear pair; φ₁ is an angle of a given contact line; and r₀₁ is a pitch radius of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair.

Preferably, a tooth surface Σ₂ of the internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair is obtained by sweeping the normal tooth profile curve Γ_s2 of the internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair along a given helix, with a tooth surface equation as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}{x}_{\sum 2}=x_{02}\cos {\phi }_1-x_{02}\cos \beta \sin {\phi }_1+r_{02}\cos {\phi }_1\\ y_{\sum 2}=x_{02}\sin {\phi }_1+y_{02}\cos \beta \cos {\phi }_1+r_{02}\sin {\phi }_1\\ z_{\sum 2}=r_{02}{\phi }_1\cot \beta -y_{02}\sin \beta \end{array},$

where x_Σ2, y_Σ2 and z_Σ2 are coordinate values of the tooth surface of the internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair, respectively, and r₀₂ is a pitch radius of the internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair.

Preferably, a contact ratio of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair is designed as an integer to achieve transmission at a constant meshing stiffness.

Compared with the prior art, the present disclosure has the following technical effects:

In the present disclosure, an internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair and an external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair have the same normal tooth profile, which can be machined by using the same cutter, thus reducing a manufacturing cost. A curvature radius at a meshing point is constant and tends to infinity, which improves the bearing capacity of the gear pair. A sliding ratio during meshing is constant and may be designed as a zero sliding ratio, which improves transmission efficiency of the gear pair and reduces wear during transmission. A contact ratio of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair is designed as an integer, which can achieve a constant meshing stiffness, thus greatly reducing vibration noise of the gear pair.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To describe the technical solutions in embodiments of the present disclosure or in the prior art more clearly, the accompanying drawings required for the embodiments are briefly described below. Apparently, the accompanying drawings in the following description show merely some embodiments of the present disclosure, and those of ordinary skill in the art may still derive other accompanying drawings from these accompanying drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a combined curve of an odd power function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating formation of a normal tooth profile of an internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair having a combined curve of an odd power function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof as a tooth profile curve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating construction of a tooth surface of an internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair having a combined curve of an odd power function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof as a tooth profile curve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic entity diagram of an internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair having a combined curve of an odd power function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof as a tooth profile curve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a curvature radius at a meshing point of an internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair having a combined curve of an odd power function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof as a tooth profile curve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a designated point on a meshing force action line of an internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a sliding ratio at a meshing point of an internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair having a combined curve of an odd power function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof as a tooth profile curve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

In the figures: 1—External cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair, 2—Internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure are clearly and completely described below with reference to accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Apparently, the described embodiments are merely some rather than all of the embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present disclosure without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

In order to make the above objective, features and advantages of the present disclosure clearer and more comprehensible, the present disclosure will be further described in detail below in combination with accompanying drawings and specific implementations.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, in an internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair disclosed in the present disclosure, a normal tooth profile curve of an external cylindrical gear 1 with a constructed tooth pair and a normal tooth profile curve of an internal cylindrical gear 2 with a constructed tooth pair are continuous combined curves with the same curve shape, and a meshing point of the external cylindrical gear 1 with a constructed tooth pair and the internal cylindrical gear 2 with a constructed tooth pair is at an inflection point or a tangent point of the continuous combined curve.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, basic parameters of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair are as follows: Normal module m=8, number of teeth of the external cylindrical gear 1 with a constructed tooth pair: z₁=20, number of teeth of the internal cylindrical gear 2 with a constructed tooth pair: z₂=82, addendum coefficient h_a*=0.5, dedendum coefficient h_f*=0.5, tip clearance coefficient c*=0.2, addendum h_a=4 mm, dedendum h_f=5.6 mm, helix angle β=15°, and tooth width w=40 mm.

With a combined curve of an odd power function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof as an example, the combined curve of the odd power function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof was drawn in a rectangular coordinate system σ₁(O₁−x₁, y₁), as shown in FIG. 1. Taking a coefficient a=1.2 and n=2, an equation of the combined curve Γ_L1 (formed by an odd power function curve Γ_L12 and a tangent Γ_L11 at an inflection point of the odd power function curve) of an odd power function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof is as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}{\Gamma }_{L11}:x_{10}=t,y_{10}=0\left(t_1\le t<0\right)\\ {\Gamma }_{L21}:x_{10}=t,y_{10}=1.2t^3\left(0\le t\le t_2\right)\end{array},$

where x₁₀ and y₁₀ are x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of the combined curve in the rectangular coordinate system σ₁, respectively; a parameter/is an independent variable of the equation; and t₁ and t₂ are value ranges of the continuous curve.

A schematic diagram illustrating formation of a normal tooth profile of a gear pair with a constructed tooth pair having a combined curve of an odd power function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof as a tooth profile curve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 2. An inflection point P is a meshing point, I is a pitch circle of an external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair, and II is a pitch circle of an internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair. In the figure, a tooth root of the external cylindrical gear 1 with a constructed tooth pair and a tooth root of the internal cylindrical gear 2 with a constructed tooth pair are tangent segments, and a tooth tip of the external cylindrical gear 1 with a constructed tooth pair and a tooth tip of the internal cylindrical gear 2 with a constructed tooth pair are cubic power function curve segments. When the continuous combined curve Γ_L rotates around an origin of the rectangular coordinate system by an angle α₁ to obtain a normal tooth profile curve Γ_s1 of the cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair, the value of the rotation angle α₁ needs to be determined according to specific parameters of the gear pair, with a general value range as follows: 0°<α₁<180°. A specific formation process and a tooth profile curve equation of the normal tooth profile of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair are as follows:

The combined curve Γ_L1 of the odd power function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof rotates around the rectangular coordinate system σ₁ by an angle of α₁=120° to obtain the normal tooth profile curve Γ_s1 of the external cylindrical gear 1 with a constructed tooth pair, with a curve equation as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}{x}_{01}=-0.5x_{10}-0.866y_{10}\\ y_{01}=0.866x_{10}-0.5y_{10}\end{array},$

where x₀₁ and you are x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of the normal tooth profile curve Γ_s1 of the external cylindrical gear 1 with a constructed tooth pair in the rectangular coordinate system σ₁, respectively.

A normal tooth profile curve Γ_s2 of the internal cylindrical gear 2 with a constructed tooth pair is obtained by rotating the normal tooth profile curve Γ_s1 of the external cylindrical gear 1 with a constructed tooth pair around the rectangular coordinate system σ₁ by an angle of 180°, with a curve equation as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}{x}_{02}=-x_{01}\\ y_{02}=-y_{01}\end{array},$

where x₀₂ and y₀₂ are x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of the normal tooth profile curve Γ_s2 of the internal cylindrical gear 2 with a constructed tooth pair in the rectangular coordinate system σ₁, respectively.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating construction of a tooth surface of an internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair with a combined curve of an odd power function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof as a tooth profile curve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the figure, A represents conjugate curves, B represents a tooth profile sweeping direction, and C represents a tooth surface obtaining by sweeping of a normal tooth profile curve family. A specific construction process and a tooth surface equation of the tooth surface of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair are as follows:

A tooth surface Σ₁ of the external cylindrical gear 1 with a constructed tooth pair is obtained by sweeping the normal tooth profile curve Γ_s1 of the external cylindrical gear 1 with a constructed tooth pair along a given helix, with an equation of Σ₁ as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}{x}_{\sum 1}=\left(x_{01}+82.82\right)\cos {\phi }_1-0.966x_{01}\sin {\phi }_1\\ y_{\sum 1}=\left(x_{01}+82.82\right)\sin {\phi }_1+0.966y_{01}\cos {\phi }_1\\ z_{\sum 1}=309.09{\phi }_1-0.259y_{01}\end{array},$

where x_Σ1, y_Σ1 and z_Σ1 are coordinate values of the tooth surface of the external cylindrical gear 1 with a constructed tooth pair; and (1 is an angle of a given contact line.

Similarly, a tooth surface Σ₂ of the internal cylindrical gear 2 with a constructed tooth pair is obtained by sweeping the normal tooth profile curve Γ_s2 of the internal cylindrical gear 2 with a constructed tooth pair along a given helix, with a tooth surface equation as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}{x}_{\sum 2}=\left(x_{02}+339.57\right)\cos {\phi }_1-0.966x_{02}\sin {\phi }_1\\ y_{\sum 2}=\left(x_{01}+339.57\right)\sin {\phi }_1+0.966y_{02}\cos {\phi }_1\\ z_{\sum 2}=1267.29{\phi }_1-0.259y_{02}\end{array},$

where x_Σ2, y_Σ2 and z_Σ2 are coordinate values of the tooth surface of the internal cylindrical gear 2 with a constructed tooth pair.

FIG. 4 is a schematic entity diagram of an internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair having a combined curve of an odd power function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof as a tooth profile curve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. An addendum circle and a dedendum circle are generated by stretching. Trimming, stitching, rounding, and other operations are performed on the tooth surfaces of the external cylindrical gear 1 with a constructed tooth pair and the internal cylindrical gear 2 with a constructed tooth pair to obtain an entity model of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the normal tooth profile curves of the external cylindrical gear 1 with a constructed tooth pair and the internal cylindrical gear 2 with a constructed tooth pair each may alternatively be a combined curve Γ_L2 of a sine function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof, a combined curve Γ_L3 of an epicycloid function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof, a combined curve Γ_L4 of an odd power function, a combined curve Γ_L5 of a sine function, or a combined curve Γ_L6 of an epicycloid function, with a curve equation as follows:

When the continuous combined curve Γ_L is the combined curve Γ_L2 of the sine function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof, the continuous combined curve Γ_L2 is formed by a sine function curve Γ_L22 and a tangent Γ_L21 at an inflection point of the sine function curve; a rectangular coordinate system is established at the tangent point of the continuous combined curve, and an equation of the combined curve Γ_L2 of the sine function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof is as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}{\Gamma }_{L21}:x_{20}=t,y_{20}=\mathrm{kt}\left(t_1\le t<0\right)\\ {\Gamma }_{L22}:x_{20}=t,y_{20}=a\sin \left(\mathrm{bt}\right)\left(0\le t\le t_2\right)\end{array},$

where a parameter/is an independent variable of the equation; t₁ and t₂ are value ranges of the continuous curve; a and b are coefficients of the equation; x₂₀ and y₂₀ are x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of the combined curve in the rectangular coordinate system, respectively; and k is a slope of the tangent at the inflection point of the sine function curve.

When the continuous combined curve Γ_L is the combined curve Γ_L3 of the epicycloid function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof, the continuous combined curve Γ_L3 is formed by an epicycloid function curve Γ_L32 and a tangent Γ_L31 at an inflection point of the epicycloid function curve; a rectangular coordinate system is established at the tangent point of the continuous combined curve, and an equation of the combined curve Γ_L3 of the epicycloid function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof is as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{c}{\Gamma }_{L31}:\\ x_{30}=t\\ y_{30}=\mathrm{kt}\left(t_1\le t<0\right)\end{array}\\ \begin{array}{c}{\Gamma }_{L32}:\\ x_{30}=\left(R+r\right)\sin t-e\sin \left(\left(R+r\right)t/r\right)\left(0\le t<t_2\right)\\ y_{30}=\left(R+r\right)\cos t-e\cos \left(\left(R+r\right)t/r\right)-\left(R+r-e\right)\end{array}\end{array},$

where a parameter t is an independent variable of the equation; t₁ and t₂ are value ranges of the continuous curve; a and b are coefficients of the equation; R and r are radii of a cycloidal moving circle and fixed circle, respectively; e is an eccentric distance; x₃₀ and y₃₀ are x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of the combined curve in the rectangular coordinate system, respectively; and k is a slope of the tangent at the inflection point of the epicycloid function curve.

When the continuous combined curve Γ_L is the combined curve Γ_L4 of the odd power function, the continuous combined curve Γ_L4 is formed by a first odd power function curve Γ_L41 and a second odd power function curve Γ_L42; a rectangular coordinate system is established at the inflection point of the continuous combined curve, and an equation of the combined curve Γ_L4 of the odd power function is as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}{\Gamma }_{L41}:x_{40}=t,y_{40}={\mathrm{at}}^{2n1-1}\left(t_1\le t<0\right)\\ {\Gamma }_{L42}:x_{40}=t,y_{40}={\mathrm{bt}}^{2n2-1}\left(0\le t\le t_2\right)\end{array},$

where a parameter t is an independent variable of the equation; t₁ and t₂ are value ranges of the continuous curve; a and b are coefficients of the equation; n1 and n2 are degrees of the independent variable and are positive integers; and x₄₀ and y₄₀ are x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of the combined curve in the rectangular coordinate system, respectively.

When the continuous combined curve Γ_L is the combined curve Γ_L5 of the sine function, the continuous combined curve Γ_L5 is formed by a first sine function curve Γ_L51 and a second sine function curve Γ_L52; a rectangular coordinate system is established at the inflection point of the continuous combined curve, and an equation of the combined curve Γ_L5 of the sine function is as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}{\Gamma }_{L51}:x_{50}=t,y_{50}=a_1\sin \left(b_{1}t\right)\left(t_1\le t<0\right)\\ {\Gamma }_{L52}:x_{50}=t,y_{50}=a_2\sin \left(b_{2}t\right)\left(0\le t\le t_2\right)\end{array},$

where a parameter t is an independent variable of the equation; t₁ and 2 are value ranges of the continuous curve; a₁, b₁, a₂ and b₂ are coefficients of the equation; and x₅₀ and y₅₀ are x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of the combined curve in the rectangular coordinate system, respectively.

When the continuous combined curve Γ_L is the combined curve Γ_L6 of the epicycloid function, the continuous combined curve Γ_L6 is formed by a first epicycloid function curve Γ_L61 and a second epicycloid function curve Γ_L62; a rectangular coordinate system is established at the inflection point of the continuous combined curve, and an equation of the combined curve Γ_L6 of the epicycloid function is as follows:

$\{\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{c}{\Gamma }_{L61}:\\ x_{60}=-\left(R_1+r_1\right)\sin t+e\sin \left(\left(R_1+r_1\right)t/r_1\right)\left(t_1\le t<0\right)t_1\le t<0)\\ y_{60}=-\left(R_1+r_1\right)\cos t+e\cos t\left(\left(R_1+r_1\right)t/r_1\right)+\left(R_1+r_1-e\right)\end{array}\\ \begin{array}{c}{\Gamma }_{L62}:\\ x_{60}=\left(R_2+r_2\right)\sin t-e\sin \left(\left(R_2+r_2\right)t/r_2\right)\left(0\le t<t_2\right)\\ y_{60}=\left(R_2+r_2\right)\cos t-e\cos \left(\left(R_2+r_2\right)t/r_2\right)-\left(R_2+r_2-e\right)\end{array}\end{array},$

where a parameter t is an independent variable of the equation; t₁ and t₂ are value ranges of the continuous curve; R₁ and r₁ are radii of a first epicycloid moving circle and fixed circle, respectively, and R₂ and r₂ are radii of a second epicycloid moving circle and fixed circle, respectively; e is an eccentric distance; and x₆₀ and y₆₀ are x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of the combined curve in the rectangular coordinate system, respectively.

In the present disclosure, the inflection point or the tangent point of the continuous combined curve is as follows:

(1) When the continuous combined curve is a combined curve of an odd power function, a combined curve of a sine function or a combined curve of an epicycloid function, a connection point of the continuous combined curve is an inflection point, that is, a concave-convex boundary point of the curve, a second derivative of the curve is zero at this point, and second order derivative signs near two sides of this point are opposite;

(2) when the combined curve is a combined curve of an odd power function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof, a combined curve of a sine function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof, or a combined curve of an epicycloid and a tangent at an inflection point thereof, a connection point of the combined curve is an inflection point of the odd power function curve, the sine function curve or the epicycloid (meaning the same as (1)), which is also a tangent point of the odd power function curve, the sine function curve or the epicycloid at the tangent.

At the inflection point or the tangent point of the continuous combined curve, the curvature of the curve is zero, that is, the curvature radius tends to infinity. When the continuous combined curve is the combined curve of the odd power function, the combined curve of the sine function, or the combined curve of the epicycloid function, the curvature radii on two sides of the inflection point tend to infinity; or when the continuous combined curve is the combined curve of the odd power function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof, the combined curve of the sine function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof, or the combined curve of the epicycloid function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof, the curvature radius at the inflection point on the side of the odd power function curve, the sine function curve or the epicycloid function curve tends to infinity, and the curvature radius on the side of the tangent is infinite. The curvature radius of the combined curve is calculated based on given parameters in the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5. The curvature radius of a straight line segment in the combined curve in FIG. 5 is infinite; the curvature radius at the inflection point tends to infinity, and the curvature radius of the cubic power function curve segment gradually decreases and then increases, but is still far less than the curvature radius at the inflection point. This means that the curvature radius at a contact point of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair tends to infinity, which improves the bearing capacity of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair.

In the present disclosure, the inflection point or the tangent point of the continuous combined curve is a designated point located on a meshing force action line of the gear pair. The designated point is specifically defined as a given point at a pitch point or near the pitch point on the meshing force action line of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair that is a straight line which forms a certain angle (pressure angle) with a horizontal axis by means of the pitch point. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a designated point on a meshing force action line of a gear pair. In the figure, P is the designated point on the meshing force action line of the gear pair; P₁ and P₂ are limit points of the position range of the designated point; a straight line N₁N₂ is the meshing force action line of the gear pair; ax is a pressure angle; O₁-x₁y₁ and O₁-x₂y₂ are local rectangular coordinate systems of the external cylindrical gear 1 with a constructed tooth pair and the internal cylindrical gear 2 with a constructed tooth pair, respectively; r₁ and r₂ and r_f1 and r_f2 are pitch circle radii and dedendum circle radii of the external cylindrical gear 1 with a constructed tooth pair and the internal cylindrical gear 2 with a constructed tooth pair, respectively; and w₁ and w₂ are angular velocities of the external cylindrical gear 1 with a constructed tooth pair and the internal cylindrical gear 2 with a constructed tooth pair, respectively. The designated point P is a given point usually located at the pitch point or near either of two sides of the pitch point, and a variation area of the designated point does not exceed a half of a tooth height.

According to the principle of gear meshing, it can be known that there is no relative sliding between tooth surfaces when the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair meshes at the pitch point. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a sliding ratio at a meshing point of an internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair having a combined curve of an odd power function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof as a tooth profile curve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Since the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair meshes at the pitch point at any time in the embodiment, the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair can achieve zero-sliding meshing. When the inflection point or the tangent point of the combined curve does not coincide with the pitch point, the sliding ratio of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair is also constant but is not zero. A closer inflection point or tangent point of the continuous curve to the pitch point indicates a smaller sliding ratio of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair, vice versa. When the inflection point or the tangent point coincides with the pitch point, the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair can achieve zero-sliding meshing transmission, which reduces the wear between tooth surfaces and improves the transmission efficiency of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair.

Further, when the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair that has the same tooth profile of the continuous combined curves has a contact ratio designed as an integer, the meshing stiffness of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair is a constant, and at this time, a meshing force of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair at any meshing position is determined. Therefore, when the contact ratio is designed as an integer, the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair having the same tooth profile of the continuous combined curves has a constant meshing state at any time, which effectively ensures stability of dynamic meshing performance of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair and can effectively reduce vibration noise of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair.

Specific examples are used herein to explain the principles and embodiments of the present disclosure. The foregoing description of the embodiments is merely intended to help understand the method of the present disclosure and its core ideas; besides, various modifications may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art to specific embodiments and the scope of application in accordance with the ideas of the present disclosure. In conclusion, the content of the description shall not be construed as limitations to the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair, comprising an external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair and an internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair as a pair based on conjugate curves, wherein a normal tooth profile curve γs1 of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair and a normal tooth profile curve Γs2 of the internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair are continuous combined curves ΓL with the same curve shape, and the continuous combined curves ΓL comprise a combined curve ΓL1 of an odd power function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof, a combined curve ΓL2 of a sine function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof, a combined curve ΓL3 of an epicycloid function curve and a tangent at an inflection point thereof, a combined curve ΓL4 of an odd power function, a combined curve ΓL5 of a sine function, or a combined curve ΓL6 of an epicycloid function; the continuous combined curve is formed by two continuous curves, a connection point of the two continuous curves is an inflection point or a tangent point of the continuous combined curve, and the inflection point or the tangent point of the continuous combined curve is a designated point located on a meshing force action line of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair; and the normal tooth profile curves are swept along given conjugate curves to obtain tooth surfaces of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair and the internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair.

2. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 1, wherein when the continuous combined curve ΓL is the combined curve ΓL1 of the odd power function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof, the continuous combined curve ΓL is formed by an odd power function curve ΓL12 and a tangent ΓL11 at an inflection point of the odd power function curve; a rectangular coordinate system is established at the tangent point of the continuous combined curve, and an equation of the combined curve ΓL1 of the odd power function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof is as follows:

3. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 1, wherein when the continuous combined curve ΓL is the combined curve ΓL2 of the sine function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof, the continuous combined curve ΓL is formed by a sine function curve ΓL22 and a tangent ΓL21 at an inflection point of the sine function curve; a rectangular coordinate system is established at the tangent point of the continuous combined curve, and an equation of the combined curve ΓL2 of the sine function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof is as follows:

4. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 1, wherein when the continuous combined curve ΓL is the combined curve ΓL3 of the epicycloid function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof, the continuous combined curve ΓL is formed by an epicycloid function curve ΓL32 and a tangent ΓL31 at an inflection point of the epicycloid function curve; a rectangular coordinate system is established at the tangent point of the continuous combined curve, and an equation of the combined curve ΓL3 of the epicycloid function curve and the tangent at the inflection point thereof is as follows:

5. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 1, wherein when the continuous combined curve ΓL is the combined curve ΓL4 of the odd power function, the continuous combined curve ΓL is formed by a first odd power function curve ΓL41 and a second odd power function curve ΓL42; a rectangular coordinate system is established at the inflection point of the continuous combined curve, and an equation of the combined curve ΓL4 of the odd power function is as follows:

6. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 1, wherein when the continuous combined curve ΓL is the combined curve ΓL5 of the sine function, the continuous combined curve ΓL is formed by a first sine function curve ΓL51 and a second sine function curve ΓL52; a rectangular coordinate system is established at the inflection point of the continuous combined curve, and an equation of the combined curve ΓL5 of the sine function is as follows:

7. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 1, wherein when the continuous combined curve ΓL is the combined curve ΓL6 of the epicycloid function, the continuous combined curve ΓL is formed by a first epicycloid function curve ΓL61 and a second epicycloid function curve ΓL62; a rectangular coordinate system is established at the inflection point of the continuous combined curve, and an equation of the combined curve ΓL6 of the epicycloid function is as follows:

8. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 2, wherein a curve equation of the normal tooth profile curve Γs1 of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair obtained by rotating the continuous combined curve ΓL around an origin of the rectangular coordinate system by an angle α1 is as follows:

9. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 8, wherein a curve equation of the normal tooth profile curve Γs2 of the internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair obtained by rotating the normal tooth profile curve Γs1 of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair around the origin of the rectangular coordinate system by an angle of 180° is as follows:

10. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 8, wherein a tooth surface 21 of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair is obtained by sweeping the normal tooth profile curve γs1 of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair along a given helix, with a tooth surface equation as follows:

11. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 9, wherein a tooth surface 22 of the internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair is obtained by sweeping the normal tooth profile curve Γs2 of the internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair along a given helix, with a tooth surface equation as follows:

12. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 1, wherein a contact ratio of the internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constructed tooth pair is designed as an integer to achieve transmission at a constant meshing stiffness.

13. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 3, wherein a curve equation of the normal tooth profile curve Γs1 of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair obtained by rotating the continuous combined curve ΓL around an origin of the rectangular coordinate system by an angle α1 is as follows:

14. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 4, wherein a curve equation of the normal tooth profile curve Γs1 of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair obtained by rotating the continuous combined curve ΓL around an origin of the rectangular coordinate system by an angle α1 is as follows:

15. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 5, wherein a curve equation of the normal tooth profile curve Γs1 of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair obtained by rotating the continuous combined curve ΓL around an origin of the rectangular coordinate system by an angle α1 is as follows:

16. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 6, wherein a curve equation of the normal tooth profile curve Γs1 of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair obtained by rotating the continuous combined curve ΓL around an origin of the rectangular coordinate system by an angle α1 is as follows:

17. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 7, wherein a curve equation of the normal tooth profile curve Γs1 of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair obtained by rotating the continuous combined curve ΓL around an origin of the rectangular coordinate system by an angle α1 is as follows:

18. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 13, wherein a curve equation of the normal tooth profile curve Γs2 of the internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair obtained by rotating the normal tooth profile curve Γs1 of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair around the origin of the rectangular coordinate system by an angle of 180° is as follows:

19. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 14, wherein a curve equation of the normal tooth profile curve Γs2 of the internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair obtained by rotating the normal tooth profile curve Γs1 of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair around the origin of the rectangular coordinate system by an angle of 180° is as follows:

20. The internal meshing cylindrical gear pair with a constant meshing characteristics constructed tooth pair according to claim 15, wherein a curve equation of the normal tooth profile curve Γs2 of the internal cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair obtained by rotating the normal tooth profile curve γs1 of the external cylindrical gear with a constructed tooth pair around the origin of the rectangular coordinate system by an angle of 180° is as follows: