Several types of missile section-to-section joints are currently in regular use for missile construction, of which radial screw joints are the most common, followed by Marman flange/band arrangements. Radial screw joints include overlapping diameters of adjacent missile sections that are typically joined along their perimeters by a ring pattern of floating nutplates and flush head screws. Marman joint arrangements, on the other hand, have an external band that is tightened around flanges of adjacent missile sections.
Features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the detailed description which follows, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which together illustrate, by way of example, features of the invention.
Reference will now be made to the exemplary embodiments illustrated, and specific language will be used herein to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended.
As used herein, the term “substantially” refers to the complete or nearly complete extent or degree of an action, characteristic; property, state, structure, item, or result. For example, an object that is “substantially” enclosed would mean that the object is either completely enclosed or nearly completely enclosed. The exact allowable degree of deviation from absolute completeness may in some cases depend on the specific context. However, generally speaking the nearness of completion will be so as to have the same overall result as if absolute and total completion were obtained. The use of “substantially” is equally applicable when used in a negative connotation to refer to the complete or near complete lack of an action, characteristic, property, state, structure, item, or result.
As used herein, “adjacent” refers to the proximity of two structures or elements. Particularly, elements that are identified as being “adjacent” may be either abutting or connected. Such elements may also be near or close to each other without necessarily contacting each other. The exact degree of proximity may in some cases depend on the specific context.
An initial overview of technology embodiments is provided below and then specific technology embodiments are described in further detail later. This initial summary is intended to aid readers in understanding the technology more quickly but is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the technology nor is it intended to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.
Although radial screw joints and Marman flange/band arrangements have been serviceable in missile construction, these joints can have drawbacks when joining missile sections. For example, due to the overlapping portions and nutplates, radial screw joints can encroach significantly on internal adjacent volume. These joints also typically require tight production control with respect to fastener torqueing sequence and torque values. In addition, radial screw joints tend to move during shock events, and because the joints rely on screw clamp force and friction are geometrically indeterminate and not “positive” engagements from a missile straightness/alignment perspective. Marman joint arrangements, while generally occupying less internal volume than radial screw joints, protrude beyond the basic missile outer diameter, which can adversely impact aerodynamics, as well as require additional features for angular alignment of the adjacent missile sections. There is always a need to increase packaging volume on missile designs, especially in the joint areas where integration issues with harnessing, etc. are difficult due to limited space. It is also desirable for joint hardware to have a minimal impact on missile aerodynamics.
Accordingly, an internally coupleable joint is disclosed that provides increased interior space over prior designs without interfering with missile aerodynamics. In one aspect, the joint provides a “positive” joint with respect to alignment and movement during shock. The joint can include a first component and a second component configured to mate with one another in an end-to-end relationship. An axially extending protrusion of the first component can interface with a corresponding recess of the second component. In addition, the first component and the second component can each have an internal coupling feature extending at least partially about an inner circumference of the respective component. The joint can also include a securing member having external coupling features configured to engage the internal coupling features of the first and second components to prevent separation of the first and second components.
In one aspect, a securing member for an internally coupleable joint is disclosed. The securing member can include external coupling features configured to engage internal coupling features of a first component and a second component mated with one another in an end-to-end relationship to prevent separation of the first and second components from one another.
One example of an internally coupleable joint 100 is illustrated in
As shown in the figures, the two components 110, 120 can be configured to mate with one another in an end-to-end relationship. For example, an axially extending protrusion 111 of the first component can interface with a corresponding recess 122 of the second component 120. In one aspect, each of the first and second components 110, 120 can comprise a plurality of axially extending protrusions 111, 121 and recesses 112, 122 configured to mate with one another in the end-to-end relationship. In other words, the protrusions 111, 121 at the ends of the two components 110, 120 can interlock in an interdigitated manner by butting against the recesses 112, 122. This butt joint configuration can occupy less space than a typical radial screw joint configuration where one component has a “necked down” smaller diameter portion that is nested within a larger diameter portion of another mating component. In one aspect, the mating engagement of the protrusions 111, 121 with the recesses 112, 122 can provide alignment of the two components at assembly and facilitate a proportional distribution of joint loads, as described hereinafter.
With reference to the detail view of
In one aspect, the internal coupling features 113, 123 of the mated first and second components 110, 120 can form an annular ridge and/or an annular groove that traverses an interface 116 of the first component and the second component 110, 120. Thus, a securing member 130 can be configured to only partially “cover” the interface 116 of the first and second components 110, 120. However, for greater strength in the joint, the internal coupling feature 113, 123 of the first and/or second components 110, 120 can form an annular ridge and/or an annular groove uninterrupted by the axial protrusion and the recess. For example, the first one to three ridges/grooves 113′, 123′ can extend completely and uninterrupted around the inner surface or circumference 114, 124 of the first and second components 110, 120. This can provide structural integrity for one to three ridges to engage mating coupling features of the securing member 130, which, like typical a threaded joint, can carry the majority of the joint load. Additionally, in the protrusions 111, 121, the load carrying internal coupling feature engagement can proportionally shift from the one component to the other component.
In some embodiments, a coupling feature thickness 117a, 127a and a component wall thickness 117b, 127b can be such that the material removed to achieve the component wall thickness 117b, 127b is minimized by only requiring enough material to maintain tensile strength area through the recesses. This can provide a cost savings over a typical radial screw joint configuration where one component has a smaller diameter portion that is nested within a larger diameter portion of another component. Such radial screw joints are typically constructed starting with a thick tube that is machined down to size or by riveting or welding a separate component to provide the smaller and/or larger diameter portions.
With further reference to
Because the securing member 130 engages interior features of the two components 110, 120, exteriors of the two components 110, 120 can remain free of clamping apparatuses or other features, which can be beneficial for a missile or other applications where external clamp features or structures are not desired. In one aspect, the securing member 130 can facilitate coupling ends of the two components 110, 120 together to form a butt-type joint while the protrusions and recesses coaxially align the two components 110, 120. The securing member 130 can therefore be used when exteriors of the two components 110, 120 are not accessible for clamping and/or there is not enough space to use a typical clamp (such as an external V-band clamp, sometimes called a Marman clamp). It should be recognized that the securing member 130 can be configured for any suitable internal diameter, large or small, and is not to be limited to any particular internal diameter size disclosed or implied herein.
In one aspect, the internally coupleable joint 100 can include a plurality of fasteners 140 to couple the securing member 130 to the first and second components 110, 120. In a particular aspect, the first component 110, the second component 120, and/or the securing member 130 can include holes 115, 125, 135 to receive the fasteners 140. The fasteners can be configured to maintain the securing member 130 in engagement with the first and second components 110, 120. In one aspect, a fastener can comprise a bolt, a nut, a nutplate, a rivet, a blind bolt, blind rivet, a fastener with proportioned strength lock grooves, or any other suitable fastener. In one aspect, holes 135 in the securing member 130 can be threaded to receive a threaded fastener. In another aspect, temporary fasteners can be used during assembly. When using blind bolt fasteners, which do not require use of a nutplate, the blind side heads of the blind bolt occupy only a fraction of the space that a typical nut plate would occupy. Thus, according to the principles disclosed herein, a tight, positive, aero-flush missile joint with significantly increased adjacent useable cavity space within the missile sections can be provided. Such a joint can also be easy and quick to assemble.
Although fasteners are shown, it should be recognized that the securing member 130 can be supported about and/or coupled to the first and/or second components 110, 120 by any suitable structure, feature, or mechanism that can maintain the mechanical coupling of the securing member 130 with the first and second components 110, 120, such as an adhesive, an expandable internal bladder, or an expandable “umbrella” type structure, welding, for example, and others as will be recognized by those skilled in the art.
One aspect of the internally coupleable joint 100 disclosed herein is that the primary load path is through the securing member 130, not the fasteners, which are primarily in tension and serve to maintain the securing member 130 in radial contact with the first and second components 110, 120 and prevent slippage of the two components relative to one another. Since the primary duty of the fasteners is to inhibit disengagement of the securing member 130 from the first and second components 110, 120, rather than carry primary loads, the fasteners can be of a much smaller, lower strength variety, such as blind bolts or blind rivets, which can save weight and money.
For assembly of the internally coupleable joint 100, the securing member 130 can be installed into the first component 110, such as with a fastener at one end of the securing member 130 extending into a protrusion, which can fix the end of the securing member 130 both axially and radially relative to the first component 110. Following this, the second component 120 can be positioned against the first component 110. In one aspect, the first and second components can be self-aligned with one another due to the mating of the protrusions and recesses. A second fastener can then be used to couple the securing member 130 to the second component 120. In one aspect, the second fastener can be disposed in a protrusion that is adjacent to the protrusion coupled with the first fastener. Additional fasteners can be used to couple the securing member 130 to successive adjacent protrusions of the first and second components, thereby expanding the securing member 130 into contact with the first and second components 110, 120, until the opposite end of the securing member 130 is brought into radial contact with, and coupled to, the first or second component 110, 120. In one aspect, the fasteners 140 can be disposed in a ring pattern or configuration about the first and second component 110, 120 when coupled to the securing member 130.
In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a method for facilitating internal coupling of two components is disclosed. The method can comprise providing a securing member for an internally coupleable joint of a first component and a second component mated with one another in an end-to-end relationship, wherein an axially extending protrusion of the first component interfaces with a corresponding recess of the second component, the first component and the second component each having an internal coupling feature extending at least partially about an inner circumference of the respective component. Additionally, the method can comprise facilitating engagement of external coupling features of the securing member with the internal coupling features of the first component and the second component to prevent separation of the first and second components from one another. In one aspect, the method can further comprise facilitating fastening the securing member to the first and second components. In another aspect, the securing member can comprise a flange configured to enhance a stiffness of the securing member. It is noted that no specific order is required in this method, though generally in one embodiment, these method steps can be carried out sequentially.
It is to be understood that the embodiments of the invention disclosed are not limited to the particular structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein, but are extended to equivalents thereof as would be recognized by those ordinarily skilled in the relevant arts. It should also be understood that terminology employed herein is used for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting.
Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
As used herein, a plurality of items, structural elements, compositional elements, and/or materials may be presented in a common list for convenience. However, these lists should be construed as though each member of the list is individually identified as a separate and unique member. Thus, no individual member of such list should be construed as a de facto equivalent of any other member of the same list solely based on their presentation in a common group without indications to the contrary. In addition, various embodiments and example of the present invention may be referred to herein along with alternatives for the various components thereof. It is understood that such embodiments, examples, and alternatives are not to be construed as de facto equivalents of one another, but are to be considered as separate and autonomous representations of the present invention.
Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the description, numerous specific details are provided, such as examples of lengths, widths, shapes, etc., to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the invention can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, materials, etc. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the invention.
While the foregoing examples are illustrative of the principles of the present invention in one or more particular applications, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that numerous modifications in form, usage and details of implementation can be made without the exercise of inventive faculty, and without departing from the principles and concepts of the invention. Accordingly, it is not intended that the invention be limited, except as by the claims set forth below.
This is a divisional application of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/167,859, filed Jan. 29, 2014, entitled “Internally Coupleable Joint”, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety herein.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 14167859 | Jan 2014 | US |
Child | 16747465 | US |