Patent Application
20230062996
The present disclosure generally relates to the field of drug delivery and intranasal devices.
Intranasal drug delivery provides an alternative means for drug administration by a subject as compared to other forms such as intravenous or oral. The nasal cavity of a subject comprises anatomical features that intranasal drug delivery must overcome for effective drug administration.
The inventors have determined a need for improved intranasal delivery devices.
In accordance with an aspect, there is provided an intranasal drug delivery device having compliant or flexible, soft nib to precisely locate the dosage and provide comfort for user. The term drug can also be used herein to refer to other agents such as vitamins, fragrance, saline or non-pharmaceutical agents.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is an intranasal fluid delivery device comprising: a) a dispensing tip comprising a flexible nib configured to comply with or conform to a surface of a subject's nasal cavity, thereby enabling a fluid delivery orifice of the dispensing tip to be directed towards an olfactory region of the subject; b) a shot chamber for carrying a fluid, the shot chamber fluidly coupled to the dispensing tip; and c) a plunger configured to drive the fluid from the shot chamber and through the dispensing tip, thereby delivering the fluid from the fluid delivery orifice of the dispensing tip. Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is an intranasal fluid delivery device comprising: a dispensing tip comprising a flexible nib configured to comply with or conform to a surface of a subject's nasal cavity, thereby enabling a fluid delivery orifice of the dispensing tip to be directed towards an olfactory region of the subject for delivering a fluid therein.
In some embodiments, for any intranasal delivery device described herein, the dispensing tip is configured to deliver the fluid as a liquid jet or a liquid stream. In some embodiments, the liquid jet is a laminar flow or the liquid stream is a laminar flow. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is configured to deliver the fluid as a spray, mist, or aerosol. In some embodiments, the fluid comprises a powder. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises an atomizer. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a cannula. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is tubular. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has an inner diameter from about 0.3 mm to about 1.5 mm. In some embodiments, the flexible nib comprises a polymer. In some embodiments, the flexible nib comprises thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS), low density polyethylene (LDPE), silicone polypropylene. comprises polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or any combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a distal portion having a first rigidity and a proximal portion having a second rigidity, and wherein the first rigidity is less than the second rigidity. In some embodiments, the distal portion comprising a first rigidity comprises a portion of the dispensing tip that is about 1 mm to about 15 mm from the fluid delivery orifice. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a distal portion that is softer than a proximal portion. In some embodiments, the distal portion that is softer than a proximal portion comprises a portion of the dispensing tip that is about 1 mm to about 15 mm from the fluid delivery orifice. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a distal portion having a first outer diameter and a proximal portion having a second outer diameter, and wherein the first outer diameter is less than the second outer diameter. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip further comprises a nose cushion to limit over-insertion of the dispensing tip within the nasal cavity, wherein the nose cushion configured to provide subject comfort. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a distal portion having a first outer diameter and a proximal portion having a second outer diameter, and wherein the first outer diameter is greater than the second outer diameter. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is configured to be inserted to an insertion depth of about 10 mm to about 90 mm within the subject's nasal cavity. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is configured to be inserted to an insertion depth of about 40 mm to about 70 mm within the subject's nasal cavity. In some embodiments, the fluid delivery orifice of the dispensing tip is configured to be positioned at or near the anterior entry to the olfactory region. In some embodiments, the fluid delivery orifice of the dispensing tip is configured to be positioned in the upper nares of a subject. In some embodiments, the fluid delivery orifice of the dispensing tip is configured to be positioned within about 1 mm to about 25 mm from the anterior entry to the olfactory region.
In some embodiments, for any intranasal delivery device described herein, the dispensing tip comprises a hydrophilic coating applied to an outer surface of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the hydrophilic coating is activated by contact with a hydrating medium. In some embodiments, the hydrating medium is water, a gel, a lubricating gel, a viscous liquid, a vapor, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the water is water vapor. In some embodiments, activating the hydrophilic coating reduces a surface friction of the hydrophilic coating. In some embodiments, the fluid comprises a pharmaceutical agent or a medicament. In some embodiments, the fluid comprises ketamine or insulin. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical agent or the medicament is configured to be transported to the central nervous system (CNS) from the olfactory region and at least partly through olfactory neuronal pathways. In some embodiments, the fluid comprises vitamins, fragrance, saline or non-pharmaceutical agents.
In some embodiments, for any intranasal delivery device described herein, the surface of a subject's nasal cavity comprises anatomical features of a nasal cavity of the subject. In some embodiments, the anatomical features comprise nasal turbinates, a nasal valve, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the anatomical features comprise a septum of the subject. In some embodiments, the anatomical features comprise an anterior aspect of the nasal passage.
In some embodiments, for any intranasal delivery device described herein, the dispensing tip has an elliptical cross section. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a distal portion and a proximal portion, and wherein a first center axis of the distal portion and a second center axis of the proximal portion are non-colinear. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises an off-center drug dispensing channel. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a protruding element. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises an inflatable balloon surrounding at least a part of a distal portion of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the inflatable balloon further surrounds at least a part of a proximal portion of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, a distal portion of the dispensing tip is curved. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a perforation. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a perforation on a distal portion of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the perforation is on a single side of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, a distal portion of the dispensing tip has a spiral shape. In some embodiments, exerting the pressure on fluid located within the dispensing tip enables an unraveling of the spiral shape. In some embodiments, the shot chamber is removable.
In some embodiments, for any intranasal fluid delivery device described herein, further comprising a damping mechanism configured to generate a controlled velocity profile of the fluid delivered from the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the fluid is delivered from the dispensing tip with a velocity of about 0.5 m/s to about 15 m/s. In some embodiments, the fluid is delivered from the dispensing tip with a velocity of about 1.5 m/s to about 9 m/s. In some embodiments, the damping mechanism comprises at least one of a magnet, a spring, a viscous dampener, a sealed chamber with an airflow restriction, a container of compressed gas, a valve, a motor, an elastomeric chamber, a flow restriction device, and a configuration of the plunger and shot chamber. In some embodiments, the damping mechanism comprises a flow restriction fluidically coupling the shot chamber and the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the flow restriction is a constriction between the shot chamber and the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the flow restriction is a constriction within the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the flow restriction is a porous body. In some embodiments, the porous body comprises an open cell pore, a closed cell pore, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the porous body is formed of metal, ceramic, plastic, wood, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the flow restriction is an orifice plate within the dispensing tip, between the shot chamber and the dispensing tip, or both. In some embodiments, the flow restriction is an orifice within the dispensing tip, between the shot chamber and the dispensing tip, or both. In some embodiments, the flow restriction comprises flexible washers within the dispensing tip, between the shot chamber and the dispensing tip, or both.
In some embodiments, for any intranasal fluid delivery device described herein further comprising a secondary chamber, wherein the secondary chamber comprises a second plunger at one end configured to drive the fluid out the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, a fluidic pathway between the shot chamber and dispensing tip comprises a one-way valve configured to prevent backflow of the fluid into the shot chamber. The intranasal fluid delivery device of claim 64 or 65, wherein the second plunger is further configured to drive a secondary fluid out of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the secondary fluid is a gas.
In some embodiments, for any intranasal fluid delivery device described herein, further comprising an actuator operatively coupled to the plunger and configured to move the plunger, thereby enabling the plunger to drive the fluid from the shot chamber. In some embodiments, the actuator is operatively coupled to a push rod, such that when a user or the subject engages the actuator, the actuator enables the push rod to push against the plunger, thereby causing the plunger to move.
In some embodiments, for any intranasal fluid delivery device described herein, further comprising: a hollow needle coupled to the dispensing tip; and a diaphragm disposed between the shot chamber and the hollow needle, the diaphragm providing a fluidic barrier between the shot chamber and dispensing tip, wherein the hollow needle is configured to puncture the diaphragm so as to provide fluidic communication between the shot chamber and dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the hollow needle is configured to be manually pushed towards the shot chamber by a user or subject so as to puncture the diaphragm. In some embodiments, for any intranasal fluid delivery device described herein, further comprising an actuator operatively coupled to a push rod moveable toward the plunger, such that the actuator is configured to move the plunger, thereby enabling the plunger to drive the fluid from the shot chamber to the dispensing tip via the hollow needle. In some embodiments, any intranasal fluid delivery device described herein, configured such that when a user or the subject engages the actuator, the actuator enables the push rod to push against the plunger, thereby causing the plunger to move. In some embodiments, for any intranasal fluid delivery device described herein, further comprising an actuator configured such that when a user or the subject engages the actuator, the actuator enables a push rod to push against the plunger, causing the shot chamber to move toward the hollow needle, such that the hollow needle punctures the diaphragm. In some embodiments, the actuator is configured to move the plunger via the push rod, thereby enabling the plunger to drive the fluid from the shot chamber. In some embodiments, any intranasal fluid delivery device described herein, wherein a single actuation by the user of the actuator enables the shot chamber to move forward so as to puncture the diaphragm, and subsequently eject the fluid within the shot chamber via the plunger being pushed by the push rod. In some embodiments, the actuator comprises a locking mechanism, and wherein user or subject engagement of the actuator releases the locking mechanism, allowing the push rod to push against the plunger. In some embodiments, the locking mechanism comprises one or both of: one or more tabs comprising a lock material, configured such that the locking mechanism is released by the user breaking the lock material; and one or more pivotable tabs, configured such that the locking mechanism is released by the user pivoting the pivotable tabs. In some embodiments, any intranasal delivery device described herein, further comprising a spring in alignment with the push rod, wherein the locking mechanism is configured to maintain the spring under a pressure condition, wherein releasing the locking mechanism releases the spring from the pressure condition, causing the push rod to push against the plunger. In some embodiments, the spring is a variable pitch spring. In some embodiments, the locking mechanism comprises one or more tabs that break off to release the push rod, such that the device is useable only once. In some embodiments, the device is configured to maintain the fluid within the shot chamber pressurized prior to being ejected through the dispensing tip.
In some embodiments, any intranasal fluid delivery device described herein, comprising a cartridge configured for containing, or containing, a pharmaceutical fluid, wherein the cartridge comprises the shot chamber, the diaphragm, and the plunger. In some embodiments, any intranasal fluid delivery device described herein further comprising a stopping mechanism configured to limit a travel distance of the push rod. In some embodiments, any intranasal fluid delivery device described herein, further comprising a cocking mechanism configured to be activated by the user, wherein the intranasal fluid delivery device is configured such that when the user activates the cocking mechanism, pressure is applied to the spring and the spring is thereby placed under the pressure condition.
In some embodiments, any intranasal fluid delivery device described herein, further comprising a damping mechanism configured to generate a controlled velocity profile of the fluid delivered from the dispensing tip, wherein the damping mechanism comprises an actuator restriction coupled to the actuator. In some embodiments, the actuator restriction comprises a porous cavity. In some embodiments, the porous cavity comprises an open cell pore, a closed cell pore, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the porous cavity is formed of metal, ceramic, plastic, wood, or any combination thereof.
In some embodiments, any intranasal fluid delivery device described herein, further comprising a secondary chamber, wherein the secondary chamber comprises a second plunger at one end and a second actuator connected to a second push rod moveable toward the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the hollow needle comprises a one-way valve configured to prevent backflow. In some embodiments, the second plunger and the second actuator are configured to drive the fluid out of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the second plunger and the second actuator are further configured to drive a secondary fluid out of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the secondary fluid is a gas. In some embodiments, any intranasal fluid delivery device described herein, further comprising a second needle for providing fluid communication between the shot chamber and the secondary chamber. In some embodiments, the second actuator is configured to control the flow rate of the fluid out of the dispensing tip.
In some embodiments, any intranasal fluid delivery device described herein, wherein the spring type, dampener type, shot chamber dimensions, dispensing tip length, or any combinations thereof is selected based on the fluid characteristics, therapeutic requirements, surface of a subject's nasal cavity, or combinations thereof.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is a method for delivering a fluid to an olfactory region of a subject, the method comprising: inserting a compliant dispensing tip into the subject's nasal cavity, wherein the dispensing tip comprises a flexible nib configured to comply with or conform to a surface of the subject's nasal cavity, thereby enabling a fluid delivery orifice of the dispensing tip to be directed towards the olfactory region of the subject; and ejecting the fluid from the fluid delivery orifice of the compliant dispensing tip to deliver the fluid to the olfactory region of the subject.
In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is configured to deliver the fluid as a liquid jet or a liquid stream. In some embodiments, the liquid jet is a laminar flow or the liquid stream is a laminar flow. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is configured to deliver the fluid as a spray, mist, or aerosol. In some embodiments, the fluid comprises a powder. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises an atomizer. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a cannula. In some embodiments, n the dispensing tip is tubular. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has an inner diameter from about 0.3 mm to about 1.5 mm. In some embodiments, the flexible nib comprises a polymer. In some embodiments, the flexible nib comprises thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS), low density polyethylene (LDPE), silicone polypropylene. comprises polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or any combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a distal portion having a first rigidity and a proximal portion having a second rigidity, and wherein the first rigidity is less than the second rigidity. In some embodiments, the distal portion comprising a first rigidity comprises a portion of the dispensing tip that is about 1 mm to about 15 mm from the fluid delivery orifice. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a distal portion that is softer than a proximal portion. In some embodiments, the distal portion that is softer than a proximal portion comprises a portion of the dispensing tip that is about 1 mm to about 15 mm from the fluid delivery orifice. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a distal portion having a first outer diameter and a proximal portion having a second outer diameter, and wherein the first outer diameter is less than the second outer diameter. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a distal portion having a first outer diameter, a proximal portion having a second outer diameter, and wherein the first outer diameter is greater than the second outer diameter. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip further comprises a nose cushion to limit over-insertion of the dispensing tip within the nasal cavity, wherein the nose cushion configured to provide subject comfort. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is configured to be inserted to an insertion depth of about 10 mm to about 90 mm within the subject's nasal cavity. In some embodiments, the fluid delivery orifice of the dispensing tip is configured to be positioned at or near the anterior entry to the olfactory region. In some embodiments, the fluid delivery orifice of the dispensing tip is configured to be positioned within about 1 mm to about 25 mm from the anterior entry to the olfactory region.
In some embodiments, for any method described herein, the dispensing tip comprises a hydrophilic coating applied to an outer surface of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the fluid comprises a pharmaceutical agent or a medicament. The method of claim 120, wherein the fluid comprises ketamine or insulin. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical agent or the medicament is configured to be absorbed by the central nervous system (CNS) through the olfactory region. In some embodiments, the fluid comprises vitamins, fragrance, saline or non-pharmaceutical agents. In some embodiments, the surface of a subject's nasal cavity comprises anatomical features of a nasal cavity of the subject. In some embodiments, the anatomical features comprise nasal turbinates, a nasal valve, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the anatomical features comprise a septum of the subject. In some embodiments, the anatomical features comprise an anterior aspect of the nasal passage.
In some embodiments, for any method described herein, the dispensing tip has an elliptical cross section. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a distal portion and a proximal portion, and wherein a first center axis of the distal portion and a second center axis of the proximal portion are non-colinear. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises an off-center drug dispensing channel. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a protruding element. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises an inflatable balloon surrounding at least a part of a distal portion of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the inflatable balloon further surrounds at least a part of a proximal portion of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, a distal portion of the dispensing tip is curved. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a perforation. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a perforation on a distal portion of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the perforation is on a single side of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, a distal portion of the dispensing tip has a spiral shape. In some embodiments, exerting the pressure on fluid located within the dispensing tip enables an unraveling of the spiral shape
In this respect, before explaining at least one embodiment in detail, it is to be understood that the embodiments are not limited in application to the details of construction and to the arrangements of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.
Many further features and combinations thereof concerning embodiments described herein will appear to those skilled in the art following a reading of the instant disclosure.
Specific embodiments of the disclosed devices, delivery systems, or methods will now be described with reference to the drawings. Nothing in this detailed description is intended to imply that any particular component, feature, or step is essential to the invention.
a-c show an example intranasal drug delivery device according to some embodiments.
a-c show an example intranasal drug delivery device according to some embodiments.
a-b show an example intranasal drug delivery device according to some embodiments.
a-b show an example intranasal drug delivery device according to some embodiments.
a-c show an example intranasal drug delivery device according to some embodiments.
a-c show an example intranasal drug delivery device according to some embodiments.
a-c show an example intranasal drug delivery device according to some embodiments.
Embodiments of methods, systems, and apparatus are described through reference to the drawings.
Currently disposable intranasal drug delivery devices are characterized by low accuracy/uniformity of drug dosing, no design for anatomic variability and poor design for human factors—efficacy and safety. The applications where these shortcomings are most detrimental are: direct-to-brain delivery path (uptake through olfactory epithelium into CSF, action in brain), systemically acting drugs (uptake through mucosa into vasculature, systemic action), vaccines (uptake and action in mucosa), and topically acting drugs (uptake and action in mucosa).
The following provides for intranasal delivery of new and existing drugs, with the following benefits: increased dosing precision, greater efficacy, less cost, increased effectiveness, increased safety (both to patient and society), and increased convenience (in terms of health care). For any embodiment described herein, a drug comprises a fluid. In some embodiments, the fluid comprises a liquid, gel, solid, powder, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, for any device disclosed herein, the drug delivered comprises a powder.
The following provides for opportunities in terms of design for markets where access to health care is challenged (humanitarian impact) and in terms of design for prevention of drug misuse.
The device 100 has a compliant or flexible, soft nib 102 (as opposed to a hard nib) to precisely locate the dosage. The soft nib 102 also provides comfort for user and may minimize blocking by the nasal wall or congestion. In some embodiments, the nib comprises a polymer. In some embodiments, the nib comprises thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). In some embodiments, the nib comprises TPU at grade 65D, 57D, 95A, 90A, 80A, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the nib comprises high-density polyethylene (HDPE). In some embodiments, the nib comprises polyvinyl chloride (PVC). In some embodiments, the nib comprises a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). In some embodiments, the nib comprises styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS). In some embodiments, the nib comprises low density polyethylene (LDPE). In some embodiments, the nib comprises silicone (e.g., liquid silicone rubber (LSR)). In some embodiments, the nib comprises polypropylene. In some embodiments, the nib comprises polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), such as for example, Teflon. In some embodiments, the nib comprises thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS), low density polyethylene (LDPE), silicone polypropylene. comprises polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or any combinations thereof. Septal deviation can cause different health related problems. In some embodiments compliant, soft nib 102 conforms to the anterior aspect of the intranasal passage. In some embodiments the soft nib 102 is biased to follow the patient's septum. This allows the tip 110 to be placed in a location in the nasal cavity to discharge medicine targeting the olfactory region and accommodates differences in nasal cavity anatomy such as the nasal valve, nasal turbinates and the septum.
In some embodiments compliant, soft nib 102 has a kiss-cut valve near the tip 110. The valve reduces the partial discharge at the front and backend of the actuation. The tip 110 also reduces or eliminates air or contaminates from contacting the line-fill remaining in the dispensing tip between dosing. In some embodiments the orientation of the kiss cut is off set from the end of the tip 110 for directing the medicine in the direction of the olfactory region of the nasal anatomy. The nib 102 can be a multiple material over-moulded nib in some embodiments. As shown in
The device 100 has an actuator 106 (e.g. button, trigger) and cocking mechanism 108 to release dosage that is reproducible to reduce human error/variation. Use of a cock-and-release mechanism in some embodiments promotes steady positioning during delivery and reduces the need for priming of the device 100, thereby reducing the possibility of operator error. In some embodiments a finger press button actuation discharges the shot chamber. This method of actuating the device 100 requires very little dexterity or fine motor skills which may be of particular importance to patients whose motor skills may be impaired e.g. patients with Parkinson's. Priming can refer to ensuring full liquid filling dosing/metering mechanism suitable for pumping of the liquid including but not limited to positive displacement pumping.
The device 100 has an internal reservoir that can be under pressure constantly in some embodiments to enable dosing independent of orientation (e.g. the user can be standing up or laying down and it will work). The reservoir may be a bag and may be collapsible by external pressure, including ambient air pressure. The pressure within the reservoir may change depending on the spring used, but it can always be under some amount of pressure.
In some embodiments the device 100 has no air-port for filling, storing or actuating the device 100. This allows for travel or transport by air, particularly unpressurized aircraft or higher elevations and may be useful for oxygen sensitive medicine and extending shelf life of certain medicines, particularly where there is no cold-chain infrastructure. In addition, this makes the device difficult to tamper with. In some embodiments, there can be an air bleed port.
In some embodiments the shape of the device 100 allows for correct dispensing tip positioning and ergonomic grip that does not engage the shoulder, wrist, or any part of the other arm not activating the device 100. The design of device 100 promotes minimal use of shoulder and arm movement.
In some embodiments the design of device 100 is made highly ergonomic in form, taking inspiration both from a wider remote controller design and a more dexterous pen design.
The ergonomics and considered human factors create a step change in the state of the art for nasal delivery devices. The design minimizes human error, allowing for a targeted, repeatable, and metered dose delivery. The design accommodates a consumable drug reservoir for short to long term use, while allowing for a low cost single patient consumable. This gives the ability for a wide variety of drugs to be filled at the point of care or by pharmaceutical filling lines. The design allows for, as an example, a compliant, soft nib 102 with an ultra-soft, matte finish, elastomeric shroud.
The compliant, soft nib 102 of the device is entered into the intranasal cavity and uses the common internal nasal geometry to guide the tip proximate to the olfactory region. The compliant soft nib 102 stops at a distance from the olfactory region and the ejected liquid containing a drug is guided to the olfactory by the native geometry of the nasal anatomy. The device mechanism supports a pocketable form being based on compact and low-cost injection-mouldable parts.
In some embodiments the lid 202 may be used with the cocking mechanism 108, or instead of cocking mechanism 108, as part of reloading the intranasal drug delivery device 100. The addition of the lid 202 increases the grip size of the drug delivery device 100 and prevents misfiring of the drug delivery device 100. In some embodiments lid 202 may provide extra space for full hand grip when attached to bottom of device 100. In some embodiments lid 202 is shaped to increase the surface area without obstruction by hand when in use so that machine readable indicia (i.e. URL code) can be added to the increased surface area.
In some embodiments, the device 100 may include rechargeable energy storage to provide motive energy with separate actuation. Rechargeable energy may include electrical, chemical or pressurized fluid storage.
In topical drug delivery, drug is delivered to the entire mucosa, i.e. both the upper nares 308 and lower nares 310. In systemic drug delivery, drug is delivered through the mucosa of the upper nares 308 into the vasculature. In direct-to-brain drug delivery, drug is delivered mainly through the olfactory region 306 by diffusion into the olfactory mucosa and transport through the cribriform plate along the olfactory neuron pathways to the Central Nervous System. Drug transport from the olfactory region to the Central Nervous System may also involve the participation of trigeminal nerves.
Current drug formulations for nasal delivery use standard sprays with no specificity to the olfactory region 306, relatively small molecules are used, and formulations are mainly water-based with some alcohols. For non-active ingredients in drug formulations for nasal delivery a wide variety of functionality is used: solvents, mucoadhesive, agents, absorption enhancers, viscosity modifiers, pH buffers, antioxidants, preservatives, surfactants and more.
The majority of airflow passes through the lower nares 310. Therefore, sneezing would likely not expel liquids deposited in the olfactory region 306. Nasal congestion may affect mainly the lower nares 310 while the olfactory region 306 stays clear.
Targeted direct-to-brain drug delivery may be achieved through saturation of the olfactory region 306 with an excipient/drug combination. The drug may travel via intracellular or extracellular neuronal transport to the Central Nervous System, via the cribriform plate. This targeted delivery is intended to reduce both topical and systemic delivery, allowing for safer and more effective drug delivery.
In some embodiments the device 100 may be adapted by the addition of a lateral atomizer tip to achieve the current state of the art of topical drug delivery by saturating the entire mucosa, or systemic drug delivery by targeting the Upper Nares 308.
The olfactory plateau is generally located to the posterior aspect of the Radix line. This correlates to the Nasal Bridge length, which is measured from the soft tissue of the Nasion (Sellion) to the Subnasale.
The release and reload mechanism 500 has a reservoir 502 containing a drug for delivery into the nasal cavity.
The release and reload mechanism 500 has an insertion needle 504 for insertion into the reservoir 502.
In some embodiments reservoir 502 is a bag and may be collapsible by external pressure, including ambient air pressure.
In some embodiments, reservoir 502 is removable and insertion needle 504 is inserted through a silicon stopper in the top of reservoir 502 for drawing the substance into the device 100. The silicon stopper has re-sealing properties for air sensitive medicine. The insertion needle 504 can be left in the bottle from which the medicine for the device was obtained. The filling process can eliminate the need for a separate syringe. In some embodiments, this may be referred to as a lure lock.
The release and reload mechanism 500 has actuator 506 connected to release spring 508.
The release and reload mechanism 500 has plunger 510, load valves 512 and load chambers 514.
The release and reload mechanism 500 has shot chamber 516, fluid chamber 518, release valves 520 and dispensing tip 522. The dispensing tip 522 may be in fluid communication with the nib 102 such that fluid is ejected from dispensing tip 522 and through nib 102 or as described below.
In some embodiments, release valves 520 may comprise a check valve in the dispensing tip to reduce and valve the line/dead volume. In some embodiments release valves 520 may comprise an elongated duckbill valve in tip to reduce and valve the line/dead volume.
In some embodiments, reservoir 502 is held under tension by compression spring 524. A constant and predetermined fluid pressure may be maintained by compression spring 524 pushing up from the bottom of the reservoir towards the shot chamber 516 and dispensing tip 522 and plunger 510. This constant liquid pressure charges the load chamber 514 without exposing the medicine to air or metal springs typical in most nasal pumps. In some embodiments, this may avoid the use of tubing between the reservoir 502 and shot chamber 516. This can reduce dead volume of medication or medication left in line after use. This can ensure dosing accuracy is not compromised by air entering the shot chamber 516 and no content remains in the shot chamber 516 or reservoir 502 after the last usable medicine was administered. The constant pressure enables dosing independent of user orientation.
In some embodiments the compliant, soft nib 102 is designed to discharge a liquid jet or liquid stream. In some embodiments the liquid jet or liquid stream is a laminar flow and this may include a turbulent boundary, discreet liquid slug ideally suited for maximizing dose delivery to the flat narrow section of nasal cavity leading up to the olfactory region. Delivery of laminar liquid slug assists in capillary action required for maximum medicine reaching the olfactory region. In some embodiments, the laminar stream is created by tube array or hydrodynamic focusing. In some embodiments, the liquid jet or liquid stream is delivered through the dispensing tip with a controlled velocity profile to limit shear forces on the fluid. In some embodiments, the liquid jet or liquid stream is delivered at a velocity from about 0.5 m/s to about 15 m/s. In some embodiments, the fluid is delivered at a velocity from about 1.5 m/s to about 9 m/s. In some embodiments, the fluid is delivered at a velocity from about 0.5 m/s to about 15 m/s. In some embodiments, the fluid is delivered at a velocity from about 0.5 m/s to about 1.5 m/s, about 0.5 m/s to about 3 m/s, about 0.5 m/s to about 5 m/s, about 0.5 m/s to about 9 m/s, about 0.5 m/s to about 12 m/s, about 0.5 m/s to about 15 m/s, about 1.5 m/s to about 3 m/s, about 1.5 m/s to about 5 m/s, about 1.5 m/s to about 9 m/s, about 1.5 m/s to about 12 m/s, about 1.5 m/s to about 15 m/s, about 3 m/s to about 5 m/s, about 3 m/s to about 9 m/s, about 3 m/s to about 12 m/s, about 3 m/s to about 15 m/s, about 5 m/s to about 9 m/s, about 5 m/s to about 12 m/s, about 5 m/s to about 15 m/s, about 9 m/s to about 12 m/s, about 9 m/s to about 15 m/s, or about 12 m/s to about 15 m/s, including increments therein. In some embodiments, the fluid is delivered at a velocity from about 0.5 m/s, about 1.5 m/s, about 3 m/s, about 5 m/s, about 9 m/s, about 12 m/s, or about 15 m/s. In some embodiments, the fluid is delivered at a velocity from at least about 0.5 m/s, about 1.5 m/s, about 3 m/s, about 5 m/s, about 9 m/s, or about 12 m/s. In some embodiments, the fluid is delivered at a velocity from at most about 1.5 m/s, about 3 m/s, about 5 m/s, about 9 m/s, about 12 m/s, or about 15 m/s.
In some embodiments the design of the chamber and fluid path can promote high accuracy in ejected volume.
In some embodiments device 100 is cocked by pushing down, or compressing, the bottle. This method of preparing the device for actuating requires very little dexterity or fine motor skills. This method of preparing the device for administrating medicine may be of particular importance to patients whose motor skills may be impaired e.g. patients with Parkinson's. The device can be oriented in any direction and the reloading of the shot chamber and the shot performance will not be affected i.e. the device is not gravity sensitive.
In some embodiments the compliant, soft nib 102 is extended by cocking the device. This reduces over length profile of the device for shipping, shelf space and pocketing. In the resting position the device has a less ‘menacing’ look.
In some embodiments cocking the device 100 may activate a dose counter. In some embodiments cocking may activate a separate shot counter for each dosing session.
In some embodiments cocking may activate a dose delay. In some embodiments cocking may activate a timer to remind patient when to activate between shots needed for dosing session. The delay between shots accommodates drug dosing indications including the timing of maximum drug absorption via the olfactory tight junction and the natural clearing of the mucosa cilia.
In some embodiments cocking may change the exposed color 112 between the upper bottle sleeve 104 and base 108. This, along with an extended dispensing tip (which in some embodiments does not fit in the lid 202 while cocked) gives the patient or care giver a clear visual and/or feel the device is ready for dosing or storage. In some embodiments exposed color 112 is made with glow plastic for darkness which promotes ease and convenience of nighttime use and for patients sensitive to light e.g. for administering medicine that dilates pupils.
In some embodiments the dispensing tip has an adjustable nostril stop 114. This stop gives patient feedback the dispensing tip has arrived at the optimum nostril depth. The stop also reduces sniffing/snorting during activation.
In some embodiments, the drug may be delivered by the intranasal drug delivery device 100 by delivery of a liquid jet, stream, burst or plug, rather than a spray. In some embodiments the design of the compliant, soft nib 102, the dispensing tip 522, and the valves in the reload mechanism 500 may be designed to optimize laminar ejection of drug.
Technology for liquid delivery works for a wide variety of liquid properties. This technology may be adapted to olfactory, systemic and topical delivery of drugs through an intranasal drug delivery device 100.
In some embodiments intranasal drug delivery device 100 may use particular liquid properties (such as viscosity and surface tension) to ensure prolonged residence of the delivered liquid in the target area (i.e. the olfactory region) partially enabled by capillary bridging.
In some embodiments intranasal drug delivery device 100 may include excipients in the liquid drug for delivery with particular characteristics. For example, excipients may have thixotropicity (higher viscosity at rest which improves residence time in the olfactory region 306, and lower viscosity at under shear which improves ease of metering and delivery) through additives such as cellulose. As a further example, excipients used may impact surface tension of a drug to promote wetting and capillary bridging in olfactory region. As a further example, excipients used may be pre-approved by the Federal Drug Administration for shorter development time.
In some embodiments intranasal drug delivery device 100 may include a measurement method or accessory to determine the ideal compliant, soft nib 102 size, or dispensing tip 522 type.
In some embodiments intranasal drug delivery device 100 may include a mechanical or electronic timer and/or lock mechanism to prevent overdosing. Intranasal drug delivery device 100 may incorporate use of mobile technology for identifying users and tracking use to prevent overdosing. Intranasal drug delivery device 100 may incorporate use of a cock-and-release mechanism to promote steady positioning during drug delivery. These additions assist with patient compliance.
In some embodiments intranasal drug delivery device 100 may be used in one or more of the following applications: 1) drugs directly targeting the brain via the olfactory region, 2) systemically acting drugs (e.g. better systemic bioavailability or less degradation than via the GI tract), 3) vaccines eliciting a mucosal immune response, and 4) topically-acting drugs. In some embodiments, the drug delivered is a drug formulation. In some embodiments, for any embodiment herein, the drug comprises a fluid. In some embodiments, for any embodiment described herein, the fluid comprises a liquid, gel, powder, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the drug comprises a powder suspended within a liquid or gaseous fluid. In some embodiments, the drug comprises a powder that is delivered by the device.
In some embodiments the intranasal drug delivery device 100 may have one or more of the following features: 1) hand held, 2) useable with a single hand, 3) designed for ambidextrous use, 4) the priming mechanism is simple and intuitive to the user, 5) there is a clear indication when the dose is primed, 6) the form promotes proper positioning in the nasal cavity, 7) designed to require a single user action to deliver a primed dose, 8) designed to prevent the user from dispensing partial doses, and 9) useable for multiple doses.
In some embodiments the intranasal drug delivery device 100 is intended to be filled by a pharmacist or other medical professional. In some embodiments the intranasal drug delivery device 100 shall contain means for preventing unintended refills of the reservoir 502.
In some embodiments the intranasal drug delivery device 100 is designed for multiple uses. In some embodiments the intranasal drug delivery device 100 uses a disposable or a refillable reservoir 502. In some embodiments the compliant, soft nib 102 is disposable.
In some embodiments intranasal drug delivery device 100 is designed with a floating gasket in a disposable or reusable reservoir 502.
In some embodiments, the drug delivery device 100 may integrate with a system involving mobile technology such as, for example, face recognition and position tracking, Gyroscopic position tracking of device and correlation with facial position, use of NFC to track number of shots.
In some embodiments, the drug delivery device 100 may enable electrically activated drug delivery such as Iontophoresis. In some embodiments, the drug delivery device 100 may involve applying an ionic charge to the drug molecule to enhance transport. In some embodiments, the drug delivery device 100 may involve an extending tip that telescopes.
In some embodiments, intranasal drug delivery device 100 is designed to use a foam as an excipient to assure residence time in target area yet allow air to pass.
In some embodiments intranasal drug delivery device 100 has barbs to lock a gasket at the end of travel to prevent misuse by refilling.
In some embodiments intranasal drug delivery device 100 has a piston that scores the chamber walls as it travels to the top of the reservoir with each actuation. This renders the device useless after a single use.
In some embodiments intranasal drug delivery device 100 is a multi-dose device with a sterile barrier to avoid contamination.
The compliant, soft nib 102 of the device is entered into the intranasal cavity and uses the common internal nasal geometry to self-guide the compliant, soft nib 102 towards the olfactory region. The compliant, soft nib 102 is held from lateral deviation via the flanking medial septum, and the lateral nasal wall.
In some embodiments when the device 100 is activated, an internal metering chamber ejects a repeatable and metered dose into the superior/posterior aspect of the olfactory region. In some embodiments, a liquid jet or liquid stream is produced, as opposed to conventional spray, mist or aerosol, to ensure that the ejected dose gets delivered to the target area, rather than spreading in the entire intranasal space. In some embodiments, a laminar flow is produced. In some embodiments, due to the Coanda effect, the ejected excipient adheres to the medial, lateral and superior aspect of the olfactory corridor while still motive.
In some embodiments, when the motive energy of the ejected liquid has dissipated, the excipient coats part of or all of the olfactory region surface. In some embodiments, when the motive energy of the ejected liquid has dissipated, opposing wall capillary motion allows the excipient to fill a part of the entire olfactory region. This is due to the combination of excipient surface tension (which is caused by cohesion within the excipient) and mucoadhesive properties between the excipient and olfactory mucosa wall.
To achieve residence time, and as a result of capillary action, the excipient will be held in the olfactory corridor due to a capillary bridge effect caused by the opposing walls of the medial, lateral and superior aspect of the olfactory corridor, thus preventing the excipient from draining to the inferior aspect of the nasal vault. An adequately high viscosity or thixotropic property of the excipient helps prolonging residence time.
In one embodiment the proposed method for targeted drug delivery using the device 100 is as follows: 1) The compliant tip is placed to the anterior aspect of the olfactory corridor; 2) The excipient is ejected out of the tip in a liquid jet or liquid stream and towards the posterior aspect of the olfactory region; 3) When the motive energy of the ejected liquid has dissipated, the excipient coats all or a portion of the olfactory region surface. This is due to the combination of excipient surface tension (which is caused by cohesion within the excipient) and mucoadhesive properties between the excipient and olfactory mucosa wall. In one embodiment the proposed method for targeted drug delivery using the device 100 is as follows: 1) The compliant tip is placed to the anterior aspect of the olfactory corridor; 2) The excipient is ejected out of the tip in a liquid jet or liquid stream and towards the posterior aspect of the olfactory corridor; 3) When the motive energy of the ejected liquid has dissipated, opposing wall capillary motion allows the excipient to fill all or a portion of the entire olfactory region. This is due to the combination of excipient surface tension (which is caused by cohesion within the excipient) and mucoadhesive properties between the excipient and olfactory mucosa wall; 4) To achieve residence time, and as a result of capillary action, the excipient will be held in the olfactory region due to a capillary bridge effect caused by the opposing walls of the medial, lateral and superior aspect of the olfactory region, thus preventing the excipient from draining to the inferior aspect of the nasal vault. An adequately high viscosity or thixotropic property of the excipient helps prolonging residence time. In some embodiments, the liquid jet is a “reasonably” laminar jet.
The device 902 can connect to a software application 906 installed on a mobile device 904 for data logging to flag or track misuse and compliance. For example, the intranasal device software application 906 can capture images up the nasal cavity to flag misuse, implement user biometric authentication for compliance, capture timing data of dosage for compliance, provide alerts or reminders to user and so on.
In some embodiments a software application will be available in association with the device 100 to create an integrated hardware and software intranasal drug-delivery platform 900. This includes a database for the storage of data generated from device 100 that serves as a basis for extension to a permission-based personal data ecosystem platform.
In some embodiments the software application may be extended to become a platform for more broad data aggregation and permission-based sharing. A patient's personal data could be collected and exchanged with permission to/from all parties who have a role and accountability for administering (dispensed and applied) intranasal treatments. The data exchange portal would provide patient insight aimed at aligning and continuously influencing positive behavior for optimum health care delivery. The extension will facilitate sharing of different types of smartphone-based personal data to different stakeholders such as other patients, guardians, doctors, clinics, clinical trial researches, health care providers, patient medical insurers, doctor insurers, health care insurers, drug developers, pharmacies, patient peer support groups, disease/disorder researchers, disease/disorder NGO's, government regulators, law enforcement/first responders. Privacy and control of personal data are important. A user may wish to share data in certain circumstances, based on incentives or goodwill.
In some embodiments components of an integrated intranasal drug-delivery platform 900 may comprise an intranasal drug delivery device 902 that is inextricably linked with a specified medicine and an individual patient through device and patient verification; intranasal drug delivery device 902 that provides machine readable signals (fiducial markers) at time of scrip writing, scrip filling, patient dosing, patient possession, and device redemption (i.e. patient life cycle events); on-going data harvesting, transit, storage and retrieval capability; aggregation and anonymization of personal data into mineable and usable data sets e.g. reporting, analytics, gamification, incentivizing, etc.; personal data for optimizing patient's immediate and ongoing healthcare and a permission-based sharing system.
Categories of data that an integrated intranasal drug-delivery platform 900 may utilize include a patient profile; stakeholder profiles to manage data that has been shared with them; non-medical passive personal data (recovery of which may be ongoing); medical/biometric personal data (recovery of which may be ongoing); event driven personal data at time of scrip writing, scrip filling, patient dosing, patient possession, and device redemption (i.e. patient lifecycle); and event driven prompting to influence immediate behavior.
For an example of an integrated intranasal drug-delivery platform 900 for a user that has been prescribed a drug that is dispensed with intranasal drug delivery device 902, 1) the user receives an alert on his/her mobile device 904 signaling that it's time to take a scheduled dose of drug, 2) the user unlocks the mobile device 904 using native identity authentication (passcode, fingerprint or facial recognition) and the intranasal device software application 906 opens on the mobile device, 3) the user touches the mobile device 904 to the intranasal drug delivery device 902 or initiates another form of recognition, 4) the user uses the mobile device 902 for facial recognition validation, 5) the intranasal device software application 906 prompts the user for measuring pre-actuation metrics/biometrics (relevant metrics may be determined by clinician, for example, cognition survey, HR measurement, short video capture to determine emotional state/impairment etc.), 6) the user completes any inputs needed to complete pre-actuation tests, 7) the intranasal device software application 906 determines that the intranasal drug delivery device 902 has been actuated (the action may be timestamped and recorded, methods for confirming actuation include Bluetooth connectivity, visual image, sound, colour change, artificial intelligence that recognizes actuation), 8) the intranasal device software application 906 prompts the user for measurements of post-actuation biometrics (relevant metrics may be determined by clinicians); 9) the user is taken back to dashboard as part of an interface controlled by software application 906 where he/she can track different metrics and manage permissions (who can see what data).
In some embodiments the device can include an olfactory marker that will be included with the excipient/drug that will provide biofeedback to the user. This may take the form of olfactory active marker that can signal to the user that the drug/excipient has been delivered to the olfactory region. This may include, but not be limited to markers which provide feedback of missed, un-deployed, deployed or over deployed drug/excipient. The marker can be included in the drug/excipient formulation or in some embodiments be added during the ejection process. In some embodiments, the marker may be included without the active drug agent to provide feedback to the user that an application and dosage (without the drug agent) was successful soliciting a psychological response.
In some embodiments, the device 1100 is configured to receive a cartridge, which may be pre-filled with a fluid for delivery into an intranasal cavity of a subject. In some embodiments, for any intranasal delivery device described herein, a cartridge comprises a carpule. In some embodiments, the cartridge 1120 (which comprises a diaphragm 1110, tube 1112, shot chamber 1114, and plunger 1116 as described below) pre-filled with a fluid, such as for example a pharmaceutical fluid. In the
The cartridge 1120 comprises a tube 1112 with an interior shot chamber 1114 that contains a fluid. In some embodiments, shot chamber 1114 may carry medication, such as ketamine of other pharmaceuticals, for delivery to a patient's nasal cavity or olfactory region. In some embodiments, for any device disclosed herein, the shot chamber is removable from the cartridge. In some embodiments, the shot chamber may be removed and replaced with another shot chamber. In some embodiments, the shot chamber is refillable. In some embodiments, the shot chamber comprises a refillable cartridge. The shot chamber 1114 has a plunger 1116 on one end, and a diaphragm 1110 on the opposite end from the plunger 1116. The device 1100 is configured such that when a user engages the actuator 1130, the fluid in the shot chamber 1114 is delivered through the dispensing tip with predetermined flow characteristics. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a flexible cannula or nib 102 configured to deliver a liquid jet, stream, burst or plug. In some embodiments, the liquid jet comprises laminar flow. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a flexible cannula or nib 102 configured to deliver a laminar liquid slug, as described above. In some embodiments, the fluid is delivered through the dispensing tip with a controlled velocity profile to limit shear forces on the fluid. In some embodiments, the fluid is delivered at a velocity from about 0.5 m/s to about 15 m/s. In some embodiments, the fluid is delivered at a velocity from about 1.5 m/s to about 9 m/s. In some embodiments, the fluid is delivered at a velocity from about 0.5 m/s to about 15 m/s. In some embodiments, the fluid is delivered at a velocity from about 0.5 m/s to about 1.5 m/s, about 0.5 m/s to about 3 m/s, about 0.5 m/s to about 5 m/s, about 0.5 m/s to about 9 m/s, about 0.5 m/s to about 12 m/s, about 0.5 m/s to about 15 m/s, about 1.5 m/s to about 3 m/s, about 1.5 m/s to about 5 m/s, about 1.5 m/s to about 9 m/s, about 1.5 m/s to about 12 m/s, about 1.5 m/s to about 15 m/s, about 3 m/s to about 5 m/s, about 3 m/s to about 9 m/s, about 3 m/s to about 12 m/s, about 3 m/s to about 15 m/s, about 5 m/s to about 9 m/s, about 5 m/s to about 12 m/s, about 5 m/s to about 15 m/s, about 9 m/s to about 12 m/s, about 9 m/s to about 15 m/s, or about 12 m/s to about 15 m/s, including increments therein. In some embodiments, the fluid is delivered at a velocity from about 0.5 m/s, about 1.5 m/s, about 3 m/s, about 5 m/s, about 9 m/s, about 12 m/s, or about 15 m/s. In some embodiments, the fluid is delivered at a velocity from at least about 0.5 m/s, about 1.5 m/s, about 3 m/s, about 5 m/s, about 9 m/s, or about 12 m/s. In some embodiments, the fluid is delivered at a velocity from at most about 1.5 m/s, about 3 m/s, about 5 m/s, about 9 m/s, about 12 m/s, or about 15 m/s.
As described herein, in some embodiments and for any intranasal delivery device described herein, the dispensing tip is configured to be inserted into a subject's nasal cavity. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a fluid discharge orifice configured to discharge fluid from the dispensing tip to the olfactory region. As described herein, in some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a flexible nib or cannula configured to comply with or conform to a surface of a subject's intranasal passage, thereby enabling the fluid delivery orifice of the dispensing tip to be positioned within the intranasal cavity of a subject. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is configured to be positioned in or near an olfactory region of the subject. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is configured to be inserted within a subject's nasal cavity to an insertion depth of at least about 10 mm to about 85 mm. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is configured to be inserted within a subject's intranasal cavity to an insertion depth of about 5 mm to about 100 mm. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is configured to be inserted within a subject's intranasal cavity to an insertion depth of about 5 mm to about 25 mm, about 5 mm to about 50 mm, about 5 mm to about 70 mm, about 5 mm to about 85 mm, about 5 mm to about 100 mm, about 25 mm to about 50 mm, about 25 mm to about 70 mm, about 25 mm to about 85 mm, about 25 mm to about 100 mm, about 50 mm to about 70 mm, about 50 mm to about 85 mm, about 50 mm to about 100 mm, about 70 mm to about 85 mm, about 70 mm to about 100 mm, or about 85 mm to about 100 mm, including increments therein. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is configured to be inserted within a subject's intranasal cavity to an insertion depth of about 5 mm, about 25 mm, about 50 mm, about 70 mm, about 85 mm, or about 100 mm. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is configured to be inserted within a subject's intranasal cavity to an insertion depth of at least about 5 mm, about 25 mm, about 50 mm, about 70 mm, or about 85 mm. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is configured to be inserted within a subject's intranasal cavity to an insertion depth of at most about 25 mm, about 50 mm, about 70 mm, about 85 mm, or about 100 mm.
In some embodiments, for any embodiment herein, the dispensing tip comprises a distal portion that is softer than a proximal portion. In some embodiments, the distal portion that is softer than a proximal portion comprises a portion of the distal tip between about 1 mm to about 15 mm from a distal end of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, for any embodiment herein, the dispensing tip comprises a distal portion having a first rigidity and a proximal portion having a second rigidity, and wherein the first rigidity is less than the second rigidity. In some embodiments, the distal portion comprising a first rigidity comprises a portion of the dispensing tip that is about 1 mm to about 15 mm from a distal end of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip further comprises a nose cushion to limit over-insertion of the dispensing tip within the intranasal passage. In some embodiments, the nose cushion is configured to provide a user comfort when the dispensing is inserted into a user's intranasal cavity. In some embodiments, the nose cushion is removably attached to the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a proximal portion having an outer diameter that tapers towards the distal portion to provide comfort for the user or to limit insertion distance.
In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a polymer. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises TPU at grade 65D, 57D, 95A, 90A, 80A, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises high-density polyethylene (HDPE). In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises polyvinyl chloride (PVC). In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS). In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises low density polyethylene (LDPE). In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises silicone (e.g., liquid silicone rubber (LSR)). In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises polypropylene. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), such as for example, Teflon. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS), low density polyethylene (LDPE), silicone polypropylene. comprises polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or any combinations thereof.
In some embodiments and for any intranasal delivery device described herein, the dispensing tip comprises an inner diameter of at most about 1.0 mm. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises an inner diameter of at most about 0.7 mm. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises an inner diameter from about 0.5 mm to about 1.0 mm. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises an inner diameter from about 0.3 mm to about 1.5 mm. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises an inner diameter of at least about 0.3 mm.
In some embodiments, plunger 1116 may be engaged by a push rod 1124. In the
The diaphragm 1110 is puncturable by the needle 1106. Needle 1106 connects to channel 1104 in flexible nib 102, which may be inserted into the nasal cavity for fluid delivery as described above. When engaged, the fluid in shot chamber 1114 is forced through needle 1106 and channel 1104 into the nasal cavity. Arms 1126 may assist the user in gripping device 1100 and engaging push button 1132.
In some embodiments, to assemble device 1100, cartridge 1120 may be inserted into the cartridge enclosure 1122. The cartridge enclosure 1122 may then be inserted into outer chassis 1108. In the illustrated example, the chassis 1108 comprises a resilient lip 1109 and the actuator opening deforms slightly to receive the cartridge enclosure 1122 and cartridge 1120, then holds them within the chassis 1108. In other embodiments, seals may be added to assist in detection of tampering.
Use of a cartridge may be advantageous in certain situations because it is a commonly manufactured vessel for medication and may be made of a material that is non-reactive with medication, such as glass.
When the push rod 1124 presses against the plunger 1116 it puts the fluid in shot chamber 1114 under pressure, and will move the cartridge 1120 toward the needle. In some embodiments, a spring 1134 may be included to such that the push rod 1124 exerts even pressure on plunger 1116, and once the locking mechanism 1128 is released the spring 1134 will cause cartridge 1120 to move further into outer chassis 1108 toward needle 1106 until needle 1106 punctures diaphragm 1110. In some embodiments a user continues to push on the push button 1132 to move the cartridge 1120 into outer chassis 1108 until the needle 1106 punctures diaphragm 1110.
In some embodiments, actuator 1130 may be a push button located at the bottom of device 1100, in other embodiments, actuator 1132 may be located on the side of outer chassis 1108.
In some embodiments, device 1100 may be designed for one-time use, with a locking mechanism 1128 comprising tabs that break off, or other sacrificial clips or structures such that cartridge enclosure 1122 may not be removed from outer chassis 1118 to replace the spent cartridge 1120 with a new cartridge 1120 without the device 1100 being damaged.
In some embodiments, an intranasal drug delivery device as depicted in
In some embodiments, components and the configuration for any intranasal drug delivery device disclosed herein can be specified based on delivery fluid characteristics, therapeutic requirements, physiology of a patient's nasal anatomy, or combinations thereof, so as to improve drug delivery accuracy. In some embodiments, fluid characteristics include volume, viscosity, density, weight, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, components and configuration that can be specified include spring type and characteristics, dimensions of the shot chamber, dispensing tip length, dispensing tip flexibility, damper type, or combinations thereof.
The device 7600 may further be configured with a trigger 7636 to depress a trigger paddle 7640. In some embodiments, the trigger 7636 is configured with a trigger spring 7638 that is configured to return the trigger 7636 to its original position. In some embodiments, the trigger spring 7638 is a compliant member built directly into the trigger 7636. In some embodiments, the device further comprises a latch 7642 and latch spring 7644. The device may further comprise a push rod 7624 that can be moved forward by a spring 7634. The device may comprise a cartridge stop 7626 at the top of the device.
In some embodiments, an intranasal drug delivery device as depicted in
a-c show an example intranasal drug delivery device 1900 according to some embodiments, wherein a two-stage triggering mechanism is executed with a single button push.
When actuator 1902 is first pushed by a user, the cartridge 1904 is pressed into a needle 1906. The needle 1906 pierces the diaphragm 1908 (i.e. the cartridge septum) and opens a fluid path through the channel 1910 (cannula) as shown in
Spring 1912 may be released by breaking a shear pin 1916 into pieces 1918 and 1920, as shown in
The travel of plunger 1914 is limited by a stop mechanism 1904 to set a total dose. Stop mechanism may comprise actuator projections 1922 that engage the base of the cartridge 1924.
a-c show an example intranasal drug delivery device 1900A according to some embodiments, wherein a two-stage triggering mechanism is executed with a single pushing motion. In this embodiment, the actuator 1902A is connected to spring 1912A, which is connected to plunger 1914A. After actuator 1902A is pushed by a user, the cartridge 1904A is pressed into a needle 1906A and the needle 1906A pierces the diaphragm 1908A and opens a fluid path through the channel 1910A (cannula) as shown in
In some embodiments, the device comprises a damping mechanism, examples of which are described further below with reference to
a-b show an example device 2600 according to some embodiments, wherein control over the velocity of the plunger 2602 is be achieved by a damping mechanism comprising a container 2604 of compressed gas (e.g. CO2 canister, sealed canister of air, N2, etc.). The container 2604 of compressed gas is connected to the flow restriction 2606 by piercing a membrane 2608 or septum or by connecting with a valve. A leak point may be added to the chamber to cause pressure applied to the device 2600 to dissipate over time. This provides a decreasing velocity profile for the fluid jet. The compressed gas container may be connected to the device 2600 chamber by piercing a membrane on the canister, by a valve, or by a similar mechanism.
a-b show an example device 2700 according to some embodiments, wherein the damping mechanism comprises a piston 2702, sealed chamber 2704, pin and ball valve 2706. In this embodiment, the piston 2702 is moved and compressed gas in sealed chamber 2704 is provided instantaneously using a mechanically operated valve such as pin and ball valve 2706. When the piston 2702 reaches the top of the chamber 2704, a pin 2708 is pushed by the piston 2702, opening a ball valve 2710 to release pressure into the shot chamber 2712.
a-c show an example device 2900 according to some embodiments, wherein controlled jet velocity is provided by a damping mechanism comprising an elastomeric chamber 2902. This occurs in two steps. First, the plunger 2904 is depressed to fill the elastomeric chamber 2902, as shown in
The flow resistance of the fluid path out of the elastomeric chamber 2902 is matched to the stiffness of the elastomeric chamber 2902 to provide a controlled jet velocity profile. As the elastomeric chamber 2902 relaxes, the pressure on the fluid decreases, so this provides an initial high velocity followed by a decrease in jet velocity.
a-c show an example device 3000 according to some embodiments, wherein a cartridge 3002 is depressed to fill the elastomeric chamber 3004 and the fluid path to channel 3006 is opened with a single motion. In this embodiment, a needle 3008 is partially embedded in a septum 3010 to seal the end of the needle 3008, as shown in
a-c show an example device 3300 according to some embodiments, wherein the plunger 3302 is driven by a spring 3304, but piston velocity is controlled by bellows 3306 filled with air. As the piston 3302 travels up, the bellows 3306 are compressed, and air is forced through a flow restriction 3308 (e.g. simple orifice plate, small drilled hole, pressure control valve, flow rate control valve). The rate that the bellows 3306 can deform is controlled by the rate of air flow through the flow restriction 3308. This could be accomplished by an arrangement where air is contained in a diaphragm 3310, rolling diaphragm or a piston as shown in
Air may vent externally to the device, or it may vent into a secondary chamber to avoid the need for an external vent.
A prototype device including a cannula and damping mechanism has been tested to demonstrate targeted delivery of the fluid. The testing comprised inserting the cannula into the upper nares of a patient and ejecting a liquid jet or stream of fluid through the cannula. In the testing, technicium 99 was used as a tracer fluid. A scan of the patient performed following the delivery of the fluid show that the fluid is deposited at the olfactory region of the patient 3600, as shown in
In some embodiments, for any of the methods disclosed in
In
In
In
In
In
In
Flow restrictions 5700/5800/5900/6000/6100/6200/6202a/6202b/6202c, could also be placed in the air pathway of concepts shown in
In accordance with an aspect, there is provided an intranasal drug delivery device having compliant or flexible, soft nib to precisely locate the dosage and provide comfort for user. The term drug can also be used herein to refer to other agents such as vitamins, fragrance, saline or non-pharmaceutical agents.
In accordance with an aspect, there is provided an intranasal drug delivery device having a cocking mechanism and actuator to load and release dosage.
In accordance with an aspect, there is provided an intranasal drug delivery device having a non-air interface mechanically pressurized fluid reservoir to enable dosing independent of orientation and to load shot chamber. In some example embodiments, reservoir can be collapsible from external pressure, including ambient air pressure.
In accordance with an aspect, there is provided an intranasal drug delivery device connectable to a facial or device recognition application to prevent intentional or unintentional misuse.
In accordance with an aspect, there is provided an intranasal fluid delivery device comprising a dispensing tip connected to a hollow needle, a shot chamber carrying a fluid, the shot chamber having a diaphragm at one end and a plunger at the other end, and an actuator connected to a push rod moveable toward the shot chamber and having a locking mechanism, wherein pushing the actuator releases the locking mechanism, allowing the push rod to push against the plunger, exerting pressure on the fluid and forces the needle through the diaphragm into the shot chamber such that the fluid flows out of the needle into the dispensing tip.
In accordance with an aspect, there is provided apparatus for delivering fluid to a nasal volume comprising a housing having a first end with a dispensing opening and a second end with an actuating opening, a dispensing tip coupled to the dispensing opening, a capsule within the housing between the actuating opening and the dispensing opening, the capsule comprising a tube pre-filled with fluid between a diaphragm and a plunger, and, an actuator coupled to the actuating opening, the actuator comprising a push rod moveable into contact with the plunger and held back by a locking mechanism, and a spring urging the push rod toward the plunger.
In accordance with an aspect, there is provided a method for targeted intranasal fluid delivery. The method comprises inserting a compliant dispensing tip into a nasal cavity, and ejecting a fluid from the compliant dispensing tip to deliver a liquid jet to a targeted region within the nasal cavity. The targeted region may be an olfactory region of the nasal cavity. Inserting the compliant dispensing tip into the nasal cavity may comprises inserting the compliant dispensing tip at least into an upper nares. Inserting the compliant dispensing tip into the nasal cavity may comprise positioning an end of the compliant dispensing tip proximate to the olfactory region or the anterior entry to the olfactory region. The compliant dispensing tip may comprise a cannula. Ejecting the fluid may comprise ejecting the fluid with a controlled velocity profile to limit shear forces on the fluid.
In some embodiments, the actuator is connected to a spring and the spring is connected to the push rod. In some embodiments, the locking mechanism comprises one or more tabs made from a lock material, and the locking mechanism is released by breaking the lock material. In some embodiments, the locking mechanism comprises one or more pivotable tabs, and the locking mechanism is released by pivoting the tabs. In some embodiments, the device comprises an outer chassis having a pair of foldable arms on opposed sides thereof. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a cannula. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises an atomizer. In some embodiments, pushing the actuator forces the needle through the diaphragm into the shot chamber and then releases the locking mechanism allowing the push rod to push against the plunger. In some embodiments, the intranasal fluid delivery device further comprises a damping mechanism to create a controlled velocity profile of the fluid when it exits the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the damping mechanism comprises at least one of a magnet, a spring, a viscous damper, a sealed chamber with an airflow restriction, a container of compressed gas, a valve, a motor, an elastomeric chamber, a flow restriction device, and a configuration of the plunger and shot chamber. In some embodiments, intranasal fluid delivery device comprises compliant or flexible, soft nib designed to conform to aspects of the nasal cavity anatomy such as the nasal valve, nasal turbinates and the septum and to precisely locate the dosage and provide comfort for user. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is flexible In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has an elliptical cross section. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a distal portion and a proximal portion, and wherein a first center axis of the distal portion and a second center axis of the proximal portion are non-colinear. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a distal portion having a first rigidity and a proximal portion having a second rigidity, and wherein the first rigidity is less than the second rigidity. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a distal portion having a first softness and a proximal portion having a second softness, and wherein the first softness is less than the second softness. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises an off-center drug dispensing channel distal to the distal portion. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a protruding element. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises an inflatable balloon surrounding at least a part of the distal portion of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the inflatable balloon further surrounds at least a part of the proximal portion of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, a distal portion of the dispensing tip is curved. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a distal portion having a first outer diameter and a proximal portion having a second outer diameter, and wherein the first outer diameter is less than the second outer diameter. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a distal portion having a first outer diameter, a proximal portion having a second outer diameter, and wherein the first outer diameter is greater than the second outer diameter. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a proximal portion having an outer diameter that tapers towards the distal portion to provide comfort for the user or to limit insertion distance. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a perforation. In some embodiments, the perforation is on a distal portion of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the perforation is on a single side of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, a distal portion of the dispensing tip has a spiral shape. In some embodiments, exerting the pressure on the fluid increases a radius of the spiral shape.
In accordance with an aspect, there is provided apparatus for delivering fluid to a nasal volume comprising a housing having a first end with a dispensing opening and a second end with an actuating opening, a dispensing tip coupled to the dispensing opening, a capsule within the housing between the actuating opening and the dispensing opening, the capsule comprising a tube pre-filled with fluid between a diaphragm and a plunger, and, an actuator coupled to the actuating opening, the actuator comprising a push rod moveable into contact with the plunger and held back by a locking mechanism, and a spring urging the push rod toward the plunger.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises means for damping a flow of fluid ejected from the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the locking mechanism comprises pivotable tabs. In some embodiments, the locking mechanism comprises breakable tabs. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is flexible. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has an elliptical cross section. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a distal portion and a proximal portion, and wherein a first center axis of the distal portion and a second center axis of the proximal portion are non-colinear. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a distal portion having a first rigidity and a proximal portion having a second rigidity, and wherein the first rigidity is less than the second rigidity. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises an off-center drug dispensing channel distal to the distal portion. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a protruding element. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises an inflatable balloon surrounding at least a part of the distal portion of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the inflatable balloon further surrounds at least a part of the proximal portion of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, a distal portion of the dispensing tip is curved In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a distal portion having a first outer diameter and a proximal portion having a second outer diameter, and wherein the first outer diameter is less than the second outer diameter. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a distal portion having a first outer diameter, a proximal portion having a second outer diameter, and wherein the first outer diameter is less than the second outer diameter. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip has a perforation. In some embodiments, the perforation is on a distal portion of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the perforation is on a single side of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, a distal portion of the dispensing tip has a spiral shape. In some embodiments, exerting the pressure on the fluid increases a radius of the spiral shape.
In accordance with an aspect, there is provided a method for targeted intranasal fluid delivery. The method comprises inserting a compliant dispensing tip into a nasal cavity and ejecting a fluid from the compliant dispensing tip to deliver a liquid jet or stream to a targeted region within the nasal cavity. The targeted region may be an olfactory region of the nasal cavity. Inserting the compliant dispensing tip into the nasal cavity may comprises inserting the compliant dispensing tip at least into an upper nares. Inserting the compliant dispensing tip into the nasal cavity may comprise positioning an end of the compliant dispensing tip proximate to the olfactory region or to the anterior entry to the olfactory region. The compliant dispensing tip may comprise a cannula. Ejecting the fluid may comprise ejecting the fluid with a controlled velocity profile to limit shear forces on the fluid.
In various further aspects, the disclosure provides corresponding systems and devices, and logic structures such as machine-executable coded instruction sets for implementing such systems, devices, and methods.
In one aspect, provided herein, is a dispensing tip for an apparatus for delivering fluid to a nasal volume comprising a hydrophilic coating applied to an outer surface of the dispensing tip, wherein the hydrophilic coating is activated by contact with a hydrating medium. In some embodiments, the hydrating medium is water, a gel, a viscous liquid, a vapor, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the water is water vapor. In some embodiments, activating the hydrophilic coating reduces a surface friction of the hydrophilic coating.
In one aspect, provided herein, is a packaging system for a dispensing tip comprising: a. a sealed packaging material; and b. a dispensing tip provided herein contained in a first compartment of the packaging material. In some embodiments, the hydrating medium is contained inside the first compartment. In some embodiments, the hydrating medium is contained in a second compartment of the packaging material. In some embodiments, the packaging system further comprises a membrane between the first compartment and the second compartment. In some embodiments, piercing the membrane forms a fluid connection between the first compartment and the second compartment. In some embodiments, the packaging system further comprises a one-way valve, a clamp, or both between the first compartment and the second compartment. In some embodiments, the hydrating medium is a vapor released by a hydrating medium body. In some embodiments, the hydrating medium body comprises a foam material, a fabric material, a porous plastic material, a porous ceramic material, a wicking material, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydrating medium body is encapsulated by a vapor permeable membrane. In some embodiments, the first compartment and the second compartment in fluidically connect through a tortuous chamber.
In one aspect, provided herein, is a kit comprising a. a dispensing tip provided herein and b. a hydrating medium provided herein disposed within a packaging material. In some embodiments, the packaging material is an ampule, a pouch, a square treat open pouch, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydrating medium is a gel. In some embodiments, the packaging material delivers the hydrating medium the outer surface of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the packaging material is configured to allow insertion of the dispensing tip into the hydrating medium.
In this respect, before explaining at least one embodiment in detail, it is to be understood that the embodiments are not limited in application to the details of construction and to the arrangements of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is a dispensing tip for an apparatus for delivering fluid to a nasal volume comprising a hydrophilic coating applied to an outer surface of the dispensing tip, wherein the hydrophilic coating is activated by contact with a hydrating medium. In some embodiments, the hydrating medium is water, a gel, a lubricating gel, a viscous liquid, a vapor, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the water is water vapor. In some embodiments, activating the hydrophilic coating reduces a surface friction of the hydrophilic coating. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a compliant nib, configured to comply with an intranasal passage of a subject.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is a packaging system for a dispensing tip comprising: a. a sealed packaging material; and b. the dispensing tip of any embodiment herein wherein the dispensing tip comprises a hydrophilic coating applied to an outer surface of the dispensing tip, wherein the dispensing tip is contained in a first compartment of the packaging material. In some embodiments, the hydrating medium is contained inside the first compartment. In some embodiments, the hydrating medium is contained in a second compartment of the packaging material. In some embodiments, the packaging system further comprising a membrane between the first compartment and the second compartment. In some embodiments, wherein piercing the membrane forms a fluid connection between the first compartment and the second compartment. In some embodiments, the packaging system further comprising a one-way valve, a clamp, or both between the first compartment and the second compartment. In some embodiments, the hydrating medium is a vapor released by a hydrating medium body. In some embodiments, the hydrating medium body comprises a foam material, a fabric material, a porous plastic material, a porous ceramic material, a wicking material, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydrating medium body is encapsulated by a vapor permeable membrane. In some embodiments, the first compartment and the second compartment in fluidically connect through a tortuous chamber. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a compliant nib, configured to comply with an intranasal passage of a subject.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is a kit comprising: a. the dispensing tip of any embodiment herein wherein the dispensing tip comprises a hydrophilic coating applied to an outer surface of the dispensing tip; and b. any the hydrating medium described herein disposed within a packaging material. In some embodiments, the packaging material is an ampule, a pouch, a square treat open pouch, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the hydrating medium is a gel. In some embodiments, the packaging material delivers the hydrating medium to the outer surface of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the packaging material is configured to allow insertion of the dispensing tip into the hydrating medium. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is disposed within the packaging material such that the hydrophilic coating is in contact with the hydrating medium. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a compliant nib, configured to comply with an intranasal passage of a subject.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is a method of using a kit disclosed herein, the method comprising: dispensing the hydrating medium onto the hydrophilic coating of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a compliant nib, configured to comply with an intranasal passage of a subject.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is a method of using a kit disclosed herein, the method comprising: inserting the dispensing tip into hydrating medium disposed within the packaging material. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a compliant nib, configured to comply with an intranasal passage of a subject.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is a method of using a packaging system disclosed herein, the method comprising opening the sealed packaging material; and adding the hydrating medium to the first compartment such that the hydrophilic coating is contacted with the hydrating medium. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a compliant nib, configured to comply with an intranasal passage of a subject.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is a method of using a packaging system disclosed herein, the method comprising: transferring the hydrating medium from the second compartment to the first compartment such that the hydrophilic coating is contacted with the hydrating medium. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a compliant nib, configured to comply with an intranasal passage of a subject.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is a packaging system for a dispensing tip comprising: a. a sealed packaging material; and b. the dispensing tip disposed in a first compartment of the packaging material. In some embodiments, the packaging system further comprising a lubricating gel. In some embodiments, the lubricating gel is disposed within the first compartment. In some embodiments, the lubricating gel is contained in a second compartment of the packaging material. In some embodiments, the packaging system further comprising a membrane between the first compartment and the second compartment. In some embodiments, wherein piercing the membrane forms a fluid connection between the first compartment and the second compartment. In some embodiments, the packaging system further comprising a one-way valve, a clamp, or both between the first compartment and the second compartment. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a compliant nib, configured to comply with an intranasal passage of a subject.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is a method of lubricating a dispensing tip, comprising adding a lubricating gel to the surface of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the lubricating gel is dispensed from a packaging material containing the lubricating gel. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is dipped into a packaging material containing a lubricating gel. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a compliant nib, configured to comply with an intranasal passage of a subject.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is an apparatus for delivering fluid to a nasal volume, the apparatus comprising: a housing having a first end with a dispensing opening and a second end with an actuating opening; a dispensing tip coupled to the dispensing opening; a capsule within the housing between the actuating opening and the dispensing opening, the capsule comprising a tube pre-filled with fluid between a diaphragm and a plunger; and an actuator coupled to the actuating opening, the actuator comprising a push rod moveable into contact with the plunger and held back by a locking mechanism, and a spring urging the push rod toward the plunger. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprising means for damping a flow of fluid ejected from the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the means for damping a flow of fluid comprises a flow restriction fluidically coupling the needle and the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the means for damping a flow of fluid comprises a flow restriction fluidically coupling the needle and the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the flow restriction is a constriction within the hollow needle. In some embodiments, the flow restriction is a porous body. In some embodiments, the porous body comprises an open cell pore, a closed cell pore, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the porous body is formed of metal, ceramic, plastic, wood, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the flow restriction is an orifice plate within the needle, the dispensing tip, or both. In some embodiments, the flow restriction is an orifice within the needle, the dispensing tip, or both. In some embodiments, the flow restriction comprises flexible washers within the needle, the dispensing tip, or both. In some embodiments, the damping mechanism comprises an actuator restriction coupled to the actuator. In some embodiments, the actuator restriction comprises a porous cavity. In some embodiments, the porous cavity comprises an open cell pore, a closed cell pore, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the porous cavity is formed of metal, ceramic, plastic, wood, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a compliant nib, configured to comply with an intranasal passage of a subject.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is an intranasal fluid delivery device comprising a dispensing tip connected to a hollow needle, a shot chamber carrying a fluid, the shot chamber having a diaphragm at one end and a plunger at the other end, and an actuator connected to a push rod moveable toward the shot chamber and having a locking mechanism, wherein pushing the actuator releases the locking mechanism, allowing the push rod to push against the plunger, exerting pressure on the fluid and forcing the needle through the diaphragm into the shot chamber such that the fluid flows out of the needle into the dispensing tip and a secondary chamber, wherein the secondary chamber comprises a second plunger at one end and a second actuator connected to a second push rod moveable toward the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the needle comprises a one-way valve configured to prevent backflow. In some embodiments, the second plunger and the second actuator are configured to drive the fluid out of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the second plunger and the second actuator are further configured to drive a secondary fluid out of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the secondary fluid is a gas. In some embodiments, the intranasal fluid delivery device further comprising a second needle for providing fluid communication between the shot chamber and the secondary chamber. In some embodiments, the second actuator is configured to control the flow rate of the fluid out of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a compliant nib, configured to comply with an intranasal passage of a subject.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is an apparatus for delivering fluid to a nasal volume, the apparatus comprising: a housing having a first end with a dispensing opening and a second end with an actuating opening; a dispensing tip coupled to the dispensing opening, the dispensing tip comprising a pump configured to propel fluid out of the dispensing tip; a capsule within the housing between the actuating opening and the dispensing opening, the capsule comprising a tube pre-filled with fluid between a diaphragm and a plunger; and, an actuator coupled to the actuating opening, the actuator comprising a push rod moveable into contact with the plunger and held back by a locking mechanism, and a spring urging the push rod toward the plunger. In some embodiments, the pump comprises a roller configured to control the flow rate of fluid out of the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the roller is driven by a spring combined with a dashpot damper. In some embodiments, the pump is a peristaltic pump, a piston pump, a gear pump, a bellows, or an elastic chamber, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the pump is integrated into the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a compliant nib, configured to comply with an intranasal passage of a subject.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is an intranasal fluid delivery system comprising: a container comprising a dispensing tip and sealed by a burst membrane within the dispensing tip; a fluid within the container; and a dispensing mechanism configured to compress the container and pressurize the fluid therein to puncture the burst membrane and release the fluid from the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the container is flexible. In some embodiments, the container comprises a fastener that removably couples the container to the dispensing mechanism. In some embodiments, the dispensing mechanism comprises a container release that decouples the container from the dispensing mechanism. In some embodiments, a trigger within the dispensing mechanism initiates the compression by the driving mechanism. In some embodiments, the burst membrane comprises a thin membrane, a one-way valve, a snap fit, a pressure relief valve, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the dispensing mechanism comprises a roller, a motor, a solenoid, a cam, a plunger, a bellow, a screw drive, a spring, a pressurized container, a vacuum chamber or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the dispensing mechanism comprises the roller translated by a motor or a solenoid. In some embodiments, the dispensing mechanism continues to compress the chamber after the burst membrane has been punctured. In some embodiments, the dispensing mechanism comprises a velocity control controlling a velocity of the compression. In some embodiments, the velocity control comprises a damping element. In some embodiments, the velocity control pauses the compression of the container after the burst membrane is punctured. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a compliant nib, configured to comply with an intranasal passage of a subject.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is an intranasal fluid delivery system comprising: a container containing a fluid; a hollow dispensing tip having a distal opening and a proximal opening; and a dispensing tool removably coupled to the dispensing; tip and configured to draw the fluid from the container into the proximal opening of the hollow dispensing tip, and to subsequently eject the fluid in the hollow dispensing tip intranasally. In some embodiments, a portion of the interior of the hollow dispensing tip that is proximal to the dispensing tool comprises a barrier that is air permeable and impermeable to the fluid. In some embodiments, the dispensing tool draws the fluid from the container by depressurizing a chamber within the dispensing tool and in fluid communications with the hollow dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the dispensing tool depressurizes the chamber by a motor, a solenoid, a spring, a damper, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the dispensing tool removably coupled to the hollow dispensing tip via a screw, a socket, a detent, a hydraulic interface, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, at least one of the drawing of the fluid from the container and the ejecting of the fluid in the hollow dispensing tip is performed by actuating a trigger of the dispensing tool. In some embodiments, the hollow dispensing tip is removable from the dispensing tool by actuating an ejection trigger. In some embodiments, the system further comprising a sterility cover encompassing at least a portion of the dispensing tool. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a compliant nib, configured to comply with an intranasal passage of a subject.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is an intranasal fluid delivery device comprising: an endoscope; and a dispensing tip removably coupled to the endoscope. In some embodiments, the endoscope and the dispensing tip are concentric when coupled. In some embodiments, the endoscope and the dispensing tip are tangent when coupled. In some embodiments, the endoscope and the dispensing tip are flexible. In some embodiments, the endoscope comprises an illuminator. In some embodiments, the endoscope comprises a fiber optic cable transmitting light emitted by the illuminator. In some embodiments, the endoscope further comprises a camera, an eyepiece, or both. In some embodiments, the device further comprising a patient positioning rest. In some embodiments, the device further comprising an adjustment mechanism translating the endoscope and the dispensing tip with respect to the patient positioning rest. In some embodiments, the device further comprising a sterility cover encompassing at least a portion of the patient positioning rest. In some embodiments, the device further comprising a fluid container containing a fluid and in fluidic communication with the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip is decoupled from the endoscope by actuating an ejection trigger. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a compliant nib, configured to comply with an intranasal passage of a subject.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is an apparatus for delivering fluid to a nasal volume, the apparatus comprising: a housing comprising a first end having a dispensing opening and a second end having an actuating opening; a dispensing tip coupled to the dispensing opening; a capsule within the housing between the actuating opening and the dispensing opening, the capsule comprising a diaphragm, a plunger, and a tube pre-filled with fluid between a diaphragm and a plunger; an actuator coupled to the actuating opening, the actuator comprising a push rod moveable into contact with the plunger and coupled to a locking mechanism, and a spring translating the push rod toward the plunger; and a cap comprising a shearing element covering the push rod. In some embodiments, the shearing element comprises a shear pin, a shear plane, a stress concentration, a snap lock, an overcenter mechanism, a ball detent, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the shearing element is configured to break when under force. In some embodiments, the shearing element is further configured to deliver a controlled force to the push rod. In some embodiments, the cap couples to the housing. In some embodiments, the cap couples to the housing by a snap fit. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a flow restriction. In some embodiments, the flow restriction is an orifice plate, a narrow channel, a constant flow rate valve, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a compliant nib, configured to comply with an intranasal passage of a subject.
Disclosed herein, in some embodiments, is an apparatus for delivering fluid to a nasal volume, the apparatus comprising: a housing having a dispensing opening and an actuating opening; a dispensing tip coupled to the dispensing opening; a capsule containing a first fluid and positioned within the housing between the actuating opening and the dispensing opening; and, a mouth piece in fluid connection with the actuating opening, wherein the actuating opening is configured to dispense the first fluid from the dispensing tip when a second fluid is delivered into the mouthpiece. In some embodiments, the capsule comprises a flexible capsule. In some embodiments, the flexible capsule comprises a bag, a blister pack, a bellows, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the flexible capsule is configured to compress when the second fluid is delivered into the mouthpiece. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprising an actuator coupled to the actuating opening, wherein the actuator is configured to drive the first fluid out of the dispensing tip when the second fluid is delivered into the mouthpiece. In some embodiments, the actuator is a plunger. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprising a diaphragm between the mouthpiece and the actuator. In some embodiments, the diaphragm is configured to drive the actuator when the second fluid is delivered into the mouthpiece. In some embodiments, the mouthpiece, the dispensing tip, or both comprise a flow restriction. In some embodiments, the flow restriction is an orifice plate, a narrow channel, a constant rate flow valve, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprising a chamber between the mouthpiece and the capsule, the chamber comprising a valve configured to drive the fluid out of the dispensing tip when a certain pressure of the second fluid is reached. In some embodiments, the valve is a burst valve or a pressure release valve. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprising a priming chamber between the capsule and the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the priming chamber is in fluid connection with the capsule and the dispensing tip. In some embodiments, the mouthpiece is in fluid connection with the priming chamber. In some embodiments, the second fluid is air. In some embodiments, the dispensing tip comprises a compliant nib, configured to comply with an intranasal passage of a subject.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Any reference to “or” herein is intended to encompass “and/or” unless otherwise stated.
As used herein, the term “about” in some cases refers to an amount that is approximately the stated amount.
As used herein, the term “about” refers to an amount that is near the stated amount by 10%, 5%, or 1%, including increments therein.
As used herein, the term “about” in reference to a percentage refers to an amount that is greater or less the stated percentage by 10%, 5%, or 1%, including increments therein.
As used herein, the term “generally” refers to a geometric relationship between two or more elements within tolerances of 10%, 5%, or 1%, including increments therein.
As used herein, the phrases “at least one”, “one or more”, and “and/or” are open-ended expressions that are both conjunctive and disjunctive in operation. For example, each of the expressions “at least one of A, B and C”, “at least one of A, B, or C”, “one or more of A, B, and C”, “one or more of A, B, or C” and “A, B, and/or C” means A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, or A, B and C together.
As used herein, the term “subject” can refer to a “patient” or a “user”.
As used herein, the term “user” can refer to a “patient” or a “subject”.
As used herein, the term “intranasal passage” and “nasal cavity” may be used interchangeably.
The foregoing discussion provides many example embodiments of the inventive subject matter. Although each embodiment represents a single combination of inventive elements, the inventive subject matter is considered to include all possible combinations of the disclosed elements. In one embodiment comprises elements A, B, and C, and a second embodiment comprises elements B and D, then the inventive subject matter is also considered to include other remaining combinations of A, B, C, or D, even if not explicitly disclosed.
The embodiments of the devices, systems and methods described herein may be implemented in a combination of both hardware and software. These embodiments may be implemented on programmable computers, each computer including at least one processor, a data storage system (including volatile memory or non-volatile memory or other data storage elements or a combination thereof), and at least one communication interface.
Program code is applied to input data to perform the functions described herein and to generate output information. The output information is applied to one or more output devices. In some embodiments, the communication interface may be a network communication interface. In embodiments in which elements may be combined, the communication interface may be a software communication interface, such as those for inter-process communication. In still other embodiments, there may be a combination of communication interfaces implemented as hardware, software, and combination thereof.
Throughout the foregoing discussion, numerous references will be made regarding servers, services, interfaces, portals, platforms, or other systems formed from computing devices. It should be appreciated that the use of such terms is deemed to represent one or more computing devices having at least one processor configured to execute software instructions stored on a computer readable tangible, non-transitory medium. For example, a server can include one or more computers operating as a web server, database server, or other type of computer server in a manner to fulfill described roles, responsibilities, or functions.
The technical solution of embodiments may be in the form of a software product. The software product may be stored in a non-volatile or non-transitory storage medium, which can be a compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), a USB flash disk, or a removable hard disk. The software product includes a number of instructions that enable a computer device (personal computer, server, or network device) to execute the methods provided by the embodiments.
The embodiments described herein may be implemented by physical computer hardware, including computing devices, servers, receivers, transmitters, processors, memory, displays, and networks. The embodiments described herein may comprise useful physical machines and particularly configured computer hardware arrangements.
Although the embodiments have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein.
Moreover, the scope of the present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments of the process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, means, methods and steps described in the specification.
As can be understood, the examples described above and illustrated are intended to be exemplary only.
This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/914,070, filed Oct. 11, 2019, U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/914,161, filed Oct. 11, 2019, U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/914,180, filed Oct. 11, 2019, U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/914,361, filed Oct. 11, 2019, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/914,202, filed Oct. 11, 2019, all of which are incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2020/000849 | 10/9/2020 | WO |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62914180 | Oct 2019 | US | |
| 62941202 | Nov 2019 | US | |
| 62914070 | Oct 2019 | US | |
| 62914361 | Oct 2019 | US | |
| 62914161 | Oct 2019 | US |
