Patent Application
20250027758
The present disclosure relates to a protection device, in particular to an explosive disposal and protection device, and belongs to the field of equipment for polices, military and public security.
Explosion has the characteristics of ultra-transient state, high-speed propagation and wide-range damage, and therefore, emergency disposal and protection for explosives have always been a key issue in the fields of public security and military security.
For a traditional explosion-proof design method and corresponding equipment, mainly adopted is a way of confronting the tough with toughness, in which a high-strength structure is mainly adopted to restrain an explosive so that shock waves are prevented from being transferred out; or the shock waves are blocked and reflected back so as not to cause damage to personnel and objects behind a barrier. Typical equipment such as an explosion-proof ball and an explosion-proof tank is generally made of a metal material; and under the conditions such as excessive explosion and solder joint failure caused by severe environmental changes, explosion shock waves lead to the disintegration of the structure itself, a large number of metal fragments fly out, and thus, wider-range damage is caused. From the perspective of safety design of an explosion-proof device, a device made of a hard material is not an intrinsic-safety (intrinsic safety means that production equipment or a production system itself is safe and cannot cause accidents even in the case of misoperation or failure) device.
In addition, traditional explosion-proof equipment is relatively bulky and is generally impossible to lift for non-contact shielding disposal, and therefore, for most of tradition-based explosive disposal and protection methods and explosion-proof equipment, a contact way is adopted for disposal. For example, an explosive is placed into the explosion-proof equipment in a way that the explosive is clamped by an explosive ordnance disposal rod or the explosive is grabbed by a robot. For an ordinary self-made explosive, there are more “unknown” attributes, such as an uncertain explosion equivalent, an uncertain initiation mode, an uncertain delivery mode and an uncertain damage range, which bring great trouble to public security departments, such as polices and armed polices. In addition, for standard ammunitions, torque sensors, mechanical rotation or vibration fuses are usually used. When the robot or explosive ordnance disposal rod is used to clamp the explosive for disposal, accidental explosion is likely to occur, which causes damage to surrounding personnel and objects. In view of a safe disposal operation process, a contact disposal way is not a safe disposal method in essence.
To this end, the present disclosure provides an intrinsic-safety explosive disposal and protection device incapable of causing secondary damage itself during excessive explosion or extreme conditions and capable of realizing efficient absorption for energy from explosion shock waves, thereby implementing non-contact safety disposal for an explosive.
Provided is an intrinsic-safety explosive disposal and protection device, including an explosion-proof top cover, an explosion-proof material filling layer, an explosion-proof drum and an energy absorption plate which are prepared from a flexible composite material;
As a preferred way of the present disclosure, the intrinsic-safety explosive disposal and protection device further includes a support plate; the support plate is disposed below the energy absorption plate in the explosion-proof drum, and an area located below the support plate in the explosion-proof drum is a placing area for an explosive; and a height of the support plate in the explosion-proof drum is adjustable.
As a preferred way of the present disclosure, the energy absorption plate includes an energy absorption plate main body, a top bullet-proof packaging material and a high-impedance and high-damping filling material;
As a preferred way of the present disclosure, the explosion-proof top cover includes a top support layer, a top explosion-proof liquid layer and a top bullet-proof layer;
As a preferred way of the present disclosure, the explosion-proof drum is of a drum body structure with a variable wall thickness gradually increased from top to bottom; and an inner surface of the explosion-proof drum is a conical surface with a top wider than a bottom, and an outer surface thereof is a conical surface with a top narrower than a bottom.
As a preferred way of the present disclosure, the explosion-proof drum is sequentially provided with an inner support layer, an explosion-proof liquid layer, an inner bullet-proof layer, a laterally-filled energy absorption layer, an anti-jumping bullet-proof layer and a main body support from inside to outside;
As a preferred way of the present disclosure, two or more annular step surfaces serving as a support guide layer are axially spaced and distributed on the inner surface of the explosion-proof drum for placing the support plate, so that adjustment of a height position of the support plate in the explosion-proof drum is achieved.
As a preferred way of the present disclosure, the laterally-filled energy absorption layer absorbs energy by adopting non-metal foam balls.
As a preferred way of the present disclosure, the laterally-filled energy absorption layer is in a form that a double-layer ball structure is combined with a single-layer ball structure: the double-layer ball structure is adopted from bottom to top at the set height position, and the single-layer ball structure is adopted above the double-layer ball structure.
As a preferred way of the present disclosure, through holes are distributed in the support plate.
As a preferred way of the present disclosure, for a movable explosive, the explosive is placed on the support plate and is transferred after being filled with the explosion-proof material.
In addition, the present disclosure provides a most popular using method for an intrinsic-safety explosive disposal and protection device; and a process for disposing an explosive by adopting the device includes:
The present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The embodiment provides an intrinsic-safety explosive disposal and protection device capable of realizing efficient absorption for energy from explosion shock waves, thereby implementing non-contact safety disposal for an explosive.
As shown in -shaped structure (that is, an inner surface of the explosion-proof drum 4 is a conical surface with a top wider than a bottom, and an outer surface thereof is a conical surface with a top narrower than a bottom); and the explosion-proof top cover 1 is disposed on a top opening of the explosion-proof drum 4. The explosion-proof material filling layer 3 is disposed on the support plate 2 in the explosion-proof drum 4, and a height position of the support plate 2 in the explosion-proof drum 4 is adjustable; and an area located below the support plate 2 in the explosion-proof drum 4 is a placing area for an explosive 6. The energy absorption plate 5 is disposed in a middle of the explosion-proof material filling layer 3 and is generally located at a middle height position between the support plate 2 and the top cover 1, and the energy absorption plate 5 is connected to the inner surface of the explosion-proof drum 4 in a way of overlapping or bonding.
As shown in
Since the top explosion-proof liquid layer 1.2 in the explosion-proof top cover 1 is made to be of the annular structure with the central hole, on one hand, drooping to the center due to the self-gravity is avoided; and on the other hand, the formed -shaped structure can change a wave front of the shock waves, the shock waves are firstly converged to the middle and are prevented from overflowing from an edge of the top cover, and thus, the shock waves transversely propagated around are reduced. Trapezoidal holes are formed below the top support layer 1.1. Such solution has a further advantage of improving the effect on absorbing the shock waves.
As shown in
The inner support layer 4.2 is of an inverted trapezoidal structure, that is, the diameter of an opening in a lower end is smaller than the diameter of an opening in an upper end; the lower end thereof extends outwards to form a shaft shoulder; and in addition, a plurality of annular step surfaces serving as a support guide layer are axially spaced and distributed on an inner surface of the inner support layer 4.2 for placing the support plate 2, so that adjustment of a height position of the support plate 2 in the explosion-proof drum 4 is achieved. The inner bullet-proof layer 4.4 is of a straight tubular structure coaxially sleeving the inner support layer 4.2, an inner surface of a lower end thereof is in contact linkage with the shaft shoulder at the lower end of the inner support layer 4.2, and an explosion-proof liquid is filled between the inner support layer 4.2 and the inner bullet-proof layer 4.4 to form an explosion-proof liquid layer B 4.3. A height of the inner bullet-proof layer 4.4 is smaller than that of the inner support layer 4.2, an explosion-proof liquid layer A 4.1 is disposed on a top of the inner bullet-proof layer 4.4, and the inner bullet-proof layer 4.4 has the same height as the explosion-proof liquid layer A 4.1 and the inner support layer 4.2. The top of the inner bullet-proof layer 4.4 is provided with the explosion-proof liquid layer which is easier to shed under the action of the shock waves and finally falls off under the action of gravity, thereby playing a better role in extinguishing flames of the overall structure.
The inner support layer 4.2 has an effect on guiding the shock waves and is of a -shaped structure with a bottom smaller than a top. Further, a bottom corner (i.e. the shaft shoulder extending outwards from the lower end at the bottom) may have a certain radian, and thus, the structure may be compressed when the shock waves arrive during explosion. The inner support layer 4.2 is of an elastomer structure made of rubber or sprayed with foam polyurea, and such structure may greatly deform under the action of an explosive load and be in contact with the ground to form a closed structure, thereby stopping a lifting effect of a subsequent detonation product on the structure, particularly stopping a lifting effect on the anti-jumping bullet-proof layer 4.6, reducing fragments leaking from the bottom, and improving the non-contact disposal ability of the explosion-proof equipment.
The inner support layer 4.2 is of the inverted trapezoidal structure, and therefore, the explosion-proof liquid layer B 4.3 filled between the inner support layer 4.2 and the inner bullet-proof layer 4.4 is in a form that the bottom thickness is larger than the top thickness. Such structural form is adopted due to a fact that during explosion on the ground, the shock waves are reflected by the ground, which causes a higher shock wave pressure at the bottom; and the situation that the structure is thicker at the bottom may reduce the jumping of the structure and uniformly absorb the energy from the shock waves at each height. By combining the explosion-proof liquid layer B 4.3 with the inner support layer 4.2, directions of the shock waves can be changed, and the shock waves can be guided upwards to be prevented from leaking from the bottom too early, and at the same time, the energy from the shock waves can be better absorbed.
The inner bullet-proof layer 4.4 is a main bullet-proof structural layer, is higher to prevent fragments from flying away, is protected by composite fiber to enable the fragments to be erected in a multi-layer fiber structure, and is mainly formed by one or a mixture of PE (polyethylene) fiber, aramid fiber and PBO (poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole)) fiber. Further, the inner bullet-proof layer 4.4 may be formed in a way of continuous winding.
The laterally-filled energy absorption layer 4.5 is disposed outside the inner bullet-proof layer 4.4, and the laterally-filled energy absorption layer 4.5 may absorb energy by adopting non-metal foam balls formed on the basis of foam such as polyurethane and polyimide. In the embodiment, the laterally-filled energy absorption layer 4.5 is in a form that a double-layer ball structure is combined with a single-layer ball structure, that is, the double-layer ball structure is adopted from bottom to top at the set height position, and the single-layer ball structure is adopted above the double-layer ball structure. The laterally-filled energy absorption layer 4.5 mainly absorbs the energy from the shock waves overflowing from the bottom, thereby reducing a lifting effect on the outer bullet-proof layer; and the laterally-filled energy absorption layer 4.5 may provide great deformation buffer space for the inner bullet-proof layer 4.4, so that the protection performance of a fiber material can be sufficiently utilized. The bottom of the laterally-filled energy absorption layer 4.5 is packaged by a bottom barrier layer 4.8, and the bottom barrier layer 4.8 may be made of an energy absorption foam plastic material such as a lightweight energy absorption foam material such as EPP, EPS or polyurethane foam.
The anti-jumping bullet-proof layer 4.6 is disposed from bottom to top at a set height position outside the laterally-filled energy absorption layer 4.5, and the anti-jumping bullet-proof layer 4.6 is of a tubular structure and is mainly used to prevent part of fragments from flying out of the bottom or prevent part of the fragments from flying away under the secondary loading of the detonation product after an internal structure is broken or a main body of the inner bullet-proof layer jumps; and the anti-jumping bullet-proof layer 4.6 is mainly made of one or a combination of bullet-proof fibers such as PE fiber, aramid fiber and PBO fiber and is preferably made of the PE fiber.
The main body support 4.7 is disposed on the outermost and is used for packaging and supporting the drum body structure 4 as a whole. Corresponding handles can be provided outside the main body support 4.7 to lift the structure, and the main body support 4.7 is made of a foam plastic material by adopting a specific die. Further, an open-cell hard flame-retardant polyurethane foam material can be preferably adopted.
The support plate 2 is disposed on the support guide layer inside the explosion-proof drum 4, and the support plate 2 is disposed according to a mechanism: when the explosive explodes, the fragments will have a certain flying angle; and in view of a safe distance, traditional explosion-proof equipment is generally higher to avoid a situation that the fragments fly out of the top to cause damage to surrounding personnel. A blank from the top end of the explosive to the top end of the traditional explosion-proof equipment is generally filled with air, and there is no energy absorption structure. In the solution, the support plate 2 is placed at a position, close to the height of the explosive 6, in the explosion-proof drum 4, and an energy absorption material (i.e. the explosion-proof material filling layer 3) is placed on the support plate 2, so that the energy from the shock waves can be more efficiently absorbed, and then, the protection space is prevented from being wasted. The support plate 2 is designed according to a principle that it is mainly made of a composite material such as one of a carbon fiber plate, a PC plate, a nylon plate and a foam plate and may have a certain rigidity to support the explosion-proof material on the top; elastomer such as polyurea and polyurethane is sprayed on the surface to form a relatively flexible protection layer; and further, foam may be sprayed with polyurea to form a support structure, and thus, destructive fragments cannot be formed even if the structure is broken by explosion shock waves. The support plate 2 has a porous structure, the holes can be set as many as possible when strength conditions are met, and the shock waves can be mixed with a filled energy absorption medium (i.e. the explosion-proof material filling layer 3) inside the drum 4 by the porous structure, so that an effect of efficient absorption is achieved.
The explosion-proof material filling layer 3 is of a low-density porous foam structure. In order to absorb the energy from the shock waves, for an explosion situation, a porous material is placed at a position closer to the explosive 6, and thus, the absorbed energy from the shock waves can be effectively changed. The explosion-proof material filling layer 3 is filled by adopting a plurality of separated structural bodies; and if a double-layer filling structure is adopted, low-density foam balls are used for filling at the bottom, and high-density foam balls may be adopted for filling on the top. If the explosive is higher, it can be considered that only the top explosion-proof balls are placed (that is, the support plate 2 is placed on the topmost support guide layer).
In addition, the energy absorption plate 5 shown in
The energy absorption plate main body 5.1 adopts an aerogel plate or porous polyurethane foam plate and is sprayed with a strengthening film for improving the strength. When the explosive explodes, firstly, an airflow upwards flows out of the trapezoidal holes, and the honeycomb sponge activated carbon in the trapezoidal holes can filter some harmful gases. Preferably, the density of the honeycomb sponge activated carbon is less than or equal to 50 kg/m3, and the density of the plate is 100-300 kg/m3.
The groove in the surface of the energy absorption plate main body 5.1 is filled with the high-impedance and high-damping filling material 5.3, and the high-impedance and high-damping filling material 5.3 may be one or a mixture of an explosion-proof liquid, dry water and a shear thickening liquid and has a density of 600 kg/m3 to 1200 kg/m3. The center of the energy absorption plate main body 5.1 is a liquid or powder material with higher impedance and damping, such as the explosion-proof liquid and the dry water, and two sides thereof are of trapezoidal hole structures; and the dry water or the explosion-proof liquid is higher in density, instantaneous effects of the shock waves may be upwards impacted from the trapezoidal holes in two sides after bypassing the high-impedance and high-damping material, and then, the shock waves are converged to the middle after meeting the explosion-proof liquid on the edge of the top cover, so that a propagation distance of the shock waves inside the structure is increased; and the shock waves are sufficiently mixed with the energy absorption material inside the structure and are then centrally delivered from the top, and thus, damage to the surrounding is reduced.
The top bullet-proof packaging material 5.2 is a packaging material disposed on the top of the groove in the surface of the energy absorption plate main body 5.1 and is used for packaging the high-impedance and high-damping filling material 5.3 therein. The top bullet-proof packaging material 5.2 may be one or a combination of PE fiber, aramid fiber and PBO fiber and may intercept the fragments generated when the explosive explodes, thereby reducing the risk that the fragments fly out of the top as much as possible.
When the device is not used, the support plate 2 is pasted by using a hook-and-loop fastener and is stored on a lower surface of the explosion-proof top cover 1 (as shown in
The protection efficiency of the shock waves at the position of the explosion-proof material is calculated by virtue of ANSYS-Autodyn explicit dynamic software. Calculation models of an explosive, an air domain and an explosion-proof material are established, a height from the bottom of the explosion-proof material to a bottom surface is 100 mm, 200 mm and 300 mm (a height from the bottom of the explosion-proof material to an upper surface of the explosive is 40 mm, 140 mm and 240 mm), and protection effects of the explosion-proof material at different distances on the explosive are determined by testing a shock wave pressure at a height 500 mm away from the bottom surface. As shown in
As shown in -shaped structure, a tubular structure, a Λ-shaped structure and a finally-designed explosion-proof structure are established. It can be seen that the
-shaped structure can remarkably reduce the jumping speed of the anti-jumping bullet-proof layer. By the final structural design, the lowest speed (which is smaller than or equal to 0.5 m/s, the actual action time of the explosion shock waves is generally shorter than 10 ms, and the jumping height is smaller than 5 mm, so that fragment leakage caused by structural jumping is greatly reduced, and non-contact disposal for the explosive is realized) can be achieved.
In order to further describe movement states of the shock waves in the explosion-proof structure, a full model structure is established by virtue of the ANSYS-Autodyn explicit dynamic software to show movement situations of the shock waves in the explosion-proof structure. As shown in
By the designed structure, a sample is processed for real explosion test. At the moment of explosion, flames are rapidly extinguished. It is observed by high-speed photography that fewer shock waves leak at the bottom, there is no obvious jumping on the overall structure, there is no fragment perforation in a pine authentication target, and the shock wave pressure at a safe distance is smaller than or equal to 20 kPa, which is lower than the standard of human injuries.
A process for disposing an explosive by adopting the device is further given on the basis of embodiment 1 mentioned as above.
As shown in
Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with general description and specific embodiments as above, some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present disclosure, which is apparent for those skilled in the art. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure fall within a scope of protection of the present disclosure.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 202210110946.8 | Jan 2022 | CN | national |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/CN2022/083881 | Mar 2022 | WO |
| Child | 18787156 | US |
