Claims
- 1. A laminate comprising Layer A, Layer B and Layer C, wherein Layer A is disposed between Layer B and Layer C, Layer A comprises an ion conductive material, Layer B and Layer C each comprises a material having an ion conductivity lower than that of Layer A, and at least one of Layer B and Layer C comprises a non electron-conductive material.
- 2. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein at least one of Layer B and Layer C has a contact angle of 80° or less with polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of about 400.
- 3. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein at least one of Layer B and Layer C has a contact angle of 60° or less with polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of about 400.
- 4. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein Layer B and Layer C each is a liquid impermeable layer.
- 5. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein Layer B and Layer C each is a water impermeable layer.
- 6. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein at least one of Layer B and Layer C comprises a material having a dielectric constant of 8 or less.
- 7. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein at least one of Layer B and Layer C has an ion conductivity that is one tenth the ion conductivity of Layer A or less.
- 8. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein at least one of Layer B and Layer C comprises a thermoplastic resin or a composition containing a thermoplastic resin.
- 9. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein at least one of Layer B and Layer C comprises an engineering plastic, a thermosetting resin or a composition containing one of an engineering plastic or a thermosetting resin.
- 10. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein the ion conductive material of Layer A has a specific resistivity of 106 Ω·cm or less.
- 11. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein the ion conductive material of Layer A has a specific resistivity of 105 Ω·cm or less.
- 12. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein Layer A has a thickness of from 0.1 to 1,000 μm.
- 13. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein Layer A has a water content of 200 ppm or less.
- 14. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein Layer A has a peel strength such that Layer B or Layer C can be peeled off without substantially deforming the shape of Layer A.
- 15. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein at least one of Layer B and Layer C is a light-transmissible layer.
- 16. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein none of Layer B and Layer C are light-transmissible layers.
- 17. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein both of Layer B and Layer C are gas impermeable layers.
- 18. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein Layer B or Layer C comprises an electron conductive material, and the electron conductive material-containing layer is connected to an electron conductive electric conductor.
- 19. The laminate according to claim 1, further comprising electron conductive electric conductors connected to two different sites of Layer A.
- 20. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein Layer A comprises a material containing a cross-linked polymer as a constituent component.
- 21. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein Layer A comprises a material containing a cross-linked polymer having at least one alkyleneoxy-containing chain in the main chain and/or in the side chain thereof as a constituent component.
- 22. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein Layer A comprises a material containing a cross-linked polymer having at least one alkyleneoxy-containing chain and at least one —NH— C(═O)—O— bond in the main chain and/or in the side chain thereof as a constituent component.
- 23. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein Layer A comprises a material containing, as a constituent component, a polymer of a (meth)acryloyl-base compound having a structure substituted by at least one unit represented by formula (1) and/or a copolymer containing said compound as a copolymer component:
- 24. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein the ion conductive material of Layer A contains at least one of an electrolyte salt and a solvent.
- 25. The laminate according to claim 24, wherein the electrolyte salt is at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal salt, a quaternary ammonium salt and a quaternary phosphonium salt.
- 26. The laminate according to claim 24, wherein the solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of a carbonate-base compound, a lactone-base compound and an ether-base compound, each having a dielectric constant of 1 or more.
- 27. The laminate according to claim 1, further comprising a thin layer comprising a metal, a metal oxide or carbon which is present between Layer A and Layer B and/or between Layer A and Layer C.
- 28. The laminate according to claim 1, further comprising an electron conductive thin layer which is present between Layer A and either one of Layer B and Layer C, and the other of Layer B and Layer C comprises a non electron-conductive material.
- 29. The laminate according to claim 27 or 28, wherein the thin layer is connected to an electron conductive electric conductor.
- 30. A method for producing a laminate comprising Layer A, Layer B and Layer C, wherein Layer A is disposed between Layer B and Layer C, Layer A comprises an ion conductive material, Layer B and Layer C each comprises a material having an ion conductivity lower than that of Layer A, and at least one of Layer B and Layer C comprises a non electron-conductive material, comprising the steps of (i) laminating Layer A on Layer B in such manner that the material of Layer A substantially does not flow or move on Layer B, to thereby provide a laminate structure consisting of Layer B/Layer A, (ii) laminating Layer C on Layer A to provide a laminate structure consisting of Layer B/Layer A/Layer C, and (iii) then applying pressure to the laminate structure with a force applied on the Layer B side surface and a force in opposition thereto applied on the Layer C side surface.
- 31. A method for producing a laminate comprising Layer A, Layer B and Layer C, wherein Layer A is disposed between Layer B and Layer C, Layer A comprises an ion conductive material, Layer B and Layer C each comprises a material having an ion conductivity lower than that of Layer A, and at least one of Layer B and Layer C comprises a non electron-conductive material, comprising the steps of (i) laminating Layer A on Layer B in such manner that the material of Layer A substantially does not flow or move on Layer B, to thereby provide a laminate structure consisting of Layer B/Layer A, wherein Layer A comprises an ion conductive material containing a curable substance,(ii) laminating Layer C on Layer A to provide a laminate structure consisting of Layer B/Layer A/Layer C, and (iii) then applying pressure to the laminate structure with a force applied on the Layer B side surface and a force in opposition thereto applied on the Layer C side surface.
- 32. A method for producing a laminate comprising Layer A, Layer B and Layer C, wherein Layer A is disposed between Layer B and Layer C, Layer A comprises an ion conductive material, Layer B and Layer C each comprises a material having an ion conductivity lower than that of Layer A, and at least one of Layer B and Layer C comprises a non electron-conductive material, comprising the steps of (i) laminating Layer A on Layer B in such manner that the material of Layer A substantially does not flow or move on Layer B, to provide a laminate structure consisting of Layer B/Layer A, wherein Layer A comprises an ion conductive material containing a curable substance, (ii) heating and/or irradiating the laminate structure with active light to cure Layer A, (iii) laminating Layer C on Layer A to provide a laminate structure consisting of Layer B/Layer A/Layer C, and (iv) then applying pressure to the laminate structure with a force applied on the Layer B side surface and a force in opposition thereto applied on the Layer C side surface.
- 33. The method for producing a laminate according to any one of claims 30 to 32, wherein the laminate is heated and/or irradiated with active light before or during the pressure applying step.
- 34. The method for producing a laminate according to any one of claims 30 to 32, wherein the laminate structure consisting of Layer B/Layer A comprises Layer A substantially in a non-flowable state as a constituent layer which is obtained by laminating Layer A comprising an ion conductive material containing a solvent on Layer B comprising a material having an ion conductivity lower than that of Layer A in such manner that the material of Layer A substantially does not flow or move on Layer B and then removing the solvent.
- 35. A method for producing a laminate comprising Layer A, Layer B and Layer C, wherein Layer A is disposed between Layer B and Layer C, Layer A comprises an ion conductive material, Layer B and Layer C each comprises a material having an ion conductivity lower than that of Layer A, and at least one of Layer B and Layer C comprises a non electron-conductive material, comprising the steps of (i) forming a thin layer D1 comprising a metal, a metal oxide or carbon on one surface of Layer B, (ii) laminating Layer A on the thin layer D1, in such manner that the material of Layer A substantially does not flow or move on the thin layer D1, to provide a laminate structure consisting of Layer B/thin layer D1/Layer A, (iii) laminating Layer C on Layer A, to provide a laminate structure consisting of Layer B/thin layer D1/Layer A/Layer C, and (iv) then applying pressure to the laminate structure with a force applied on the Layer B side surface and a force in opposition thereto applied on the Layer C side surface.
- 36. A method for producing a laminate comprising Layer A, Layer B and Layer C, wherein Layer A is disposed between Layer B and Layer C, Layer A comprises an ion conductive material, Layer B and Layer C each comprises a material having an ion conductivity lower than that of Layer A, and at least one of Layer B and Layer C comprises a non electron-conductive material, comprising the steps of (i) forming a thin layer D2 comprising a metal, a metal oxide or carbon on one surface of Layer C, (ii) laminating on the thin layer D2 the Layer A surface of a laminate structure consisting of Layer B/Layer A obtained by laminating Layer A on Layer B in such manner that the material of Layer A substantially does not flow or move on Layer B, to provide a laminate structure consisting of Layer C/thin layer D2/Layer A/Layer B, and (iii) then applying pressure to the laminate structure with a force applied on the Layer B side surface and a force in opposition thereto applied on the Layer C side surface.
- 37. A method for producing a laminate comprising Layer A, Layer B and Layer C, wherein Layer A is disposed between Layer B and Layer C, Layer A comprises an ion conductive material, Layer B and Layer C each comprises a material having an ion conductivity lower than that of Layer A, and at least one of Layer B and Layer C comprises a non electron-conductive material, comprising the steps of (i) forming a thin layer D1 comprising a metal, a metal oxide or carbon on one surface of Layer B, (ii) laminating Layer A on the thin layer D1 in such manner that the material of Layer A substantially does not flow or move on the thin layer D1, to provide a laminate structure consisting of Layer B/thin layer D1/Layer A, (iii) laminating Layer C on Layer A to provide a laminate structure consisting of Layer B/thin layer D1/Layer A/Layer C, and (iv) then applying pressure to the laminate structure with a force applied on the Layer B side surface and a force in opposition thereto applied on the Layer C side surface, wherein Layer A comprises an ion conductive material containing a curable substance.
- 38. A method for producing a laminate comprising Layer A, Layer B and Layer C, wherein Layer A is disposed between Layer B and Layer C, Layer A comprises an ion conductive material, Layer B and Layer C each comprises a material having an ion conductivity lower than that of Layer A, and at least one of Layer B and Layer C comprises a non electron-conductive material, comprising the steps of (i) forming a thin layer D2 comprising a metal, a metal oxide or carbon on one surface of Layer C, (ii) laminating on the thin layer D2 the Layer A surface of a laminate structure consisting of Layer B/Layer A obtained by laminating Layer A on Layer B in such manner that the material of Layer A substantially does not flow or move on Layer B, to provide a laminate structure consisting of Layer C/thin layer D2/Layer A/Layer B, and (iii) then applying pressure to the laminate structure with a force applied on the Layer B side surface and a force in opposition thereto applied on the Layer C side surface, wherein Layer A comprises an ion conductive material containing a curable substance.
- 39. A method for producing a laminate comprising Layer A, Layer B and Layer C, wherein Layer A is disposed between Layer B and Layer C, Layer A comprises an ion conductive material, Layer B and Layer C each comprises a material having an ion conductivity lower than that of Layer A, and at least one of Layer B and Layer C comprises a non electron-conductive material, comprising the steps of (i) forming a thin layer D1 comprising a metal, a metal oxide or carbon on one surface of Layer B, (ii) laminating Layer A on the thin layer D1 in such manner that the material of Layer A substantially does not flow or move on the thin layer D1, to provide a laminate structure consisting of Layer B/thin layer D1/Layer A, wherein Layer A comprises an ion conductive material containing a curable substance, (iii) heating and/or irradiating the laminate structure with active light to cure Layer A, (iv) laminating Layer C on Layer A to provide a laminate structure consisting of Layer B/thin layer D1/Layer A/Layer C, and (v) then applying pressure to the laminate structure with a force applied on the Layer B side surface and a force in opposition thereto applied on the Layer C side surface.
- 40. A method for producing a laminate comprising Layer A, Layer B and Layer C, wherein Layer A is disposed between Layer B and Layer C, Layer A comprises an ion conductive material, Layer B and Layer C each comprises a material having an ion conductivity lower than that of Layer A, and at least one of Layer B and Layer C comprises a non electron-conductive material, comprising the steps of (i) laminating Layer A on Layer B in such manner that the material of Layer A substantially does not flow or move on Layer B, to provide a laminate structure consisting of Layer B/Layer A, wherein Layer A comprises an ion conductive material containing a curable substance, (ii) heating and/or irradiating the laminate structure with active light to cure Layer A, (iii) laminating the thin layer D2 surface of Layer C having on one surface thereof a thin layer D2 comprising a metal, a metal oxide or carbon, to provide a laminate structure consisting of Layer C/thin layer D2/Layer A/Layer B, and (iv) then applying pressure to the laminate structure with a force applied on the Layer B side surface and a force in opposition thereto applied on the Layer C side surface.
- 41. A method for producing an electrochemical element which comprises the steps of (i) providing a laminate comprising Layer A, Layer B and Layer C, wherein Layer A is disposed between Layer B and Layer C, Layer A comprises an ion conductive material, Layer B and Layer C each comprises a material having an ion conductivity lower than that of Layer A, and at least one of Layer B and Layer C comprises a non electron-conductive material, (ii) removing at least one of Layer B and Layer C from Layer A of the laminate, or removing Layer B or Layer C having on the surface thereof facing Layer A a thin layer comprising a metal, a metal oxide or carbon, together with said thin layer from Layer A of said laminate, and (iii) forming a layer comprising a material containing an electrochemically-active substance on at least one removal surface of Layer A.
- 42. The method as claimed in claim 41, wherein the electrochemical element is an electrochemical power generating element, an electrochemical coloring element, an electrochemical light-emitting element, a battery, a capacitor, an electrochromic element, a photoelectric cell or a solar cell.
- 43. A method for producing an electrochemical element having a Layer B/Layer A/Layer C, Layer B/Layer A/Layer B or Layer C/Layer A/Layer C laminate structure which comprises the steps of (i) providing a laminate comprising Layer A, Layer B and Layer C, wherein Layer A is disposed between Layer B and Layer C, Layer A comprises an ion conductive material, Layer B and Layer C each comprises a material having an ion conductivity lower than that of Layer A, and at least one of Layer B and Layer C comprises a non electron-conductive material, (ii) removing at least one of Layer B and Layer C from Layer A of the laminate, or removing Layer B or Layer C having on the surface thereof facing Layer A a thin layer comprising a metal, a metal oxide or carbon, together with said thin layer from Layer A of said laminate, to produce a Layer A/Layer C or Layer B/Layer A laminate, and (iii) laminating the thus obtained laminate on a Layer A/Layer C or Layer B/Layer A laminate produced in the same manner such that Layers A of the respective laminates are bonded together.
Priority Claims (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
8-93682 |
Mar 1996 |
JP |
|
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This is a continuation-in-part of (1) U.S. application Ser. No. 08/822,465, filed Mar. 21, 1997, which in turn claims benefit of U.S. Provisional Application 60/014,567, filed Apr. 1, 1996 and of Japanese Patent Application 8/93682, filed Mar. 21, 1996; and (2) International Application PCT/JP97/00944, filed Mar. 21, 1997, which claims benefit from Japanese Patent Application 8/93682, filed Mar. 21, 1996.
Provisional Applications (1)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
|
60014567 |
Apr 1996 |
US |
Continuation in Parts (2)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
08822465 |
Mar 1997 |
US |
Child |
08946850 |
Oct 1997 |
US |
Parent |
PCT/JP97/00944 |
Mar 1997 |
US |
Child |
08946850 |
Oct 1997 |
US |